[query] make local and remote tmp settable on backend

[ehigham]

Change Description

Refactors temporary directory handling in Hail's backend system by introducing abstract properties for local and remote temporary directories. This moves the temporary directory management from the HailContext into the backend implementations, providing a more consistent interface for handling temporary storage locations across different backend types.

Security Assessment

This change has no security impact

Impact Description

Low-level refactoring of temporary directory management code. No changes to how temporary directories are created or accessed, only reorganizing where this functionality lives in the codebase.

[ehigham]

Warning

This pull request is not mergeable via GitHub because a downstack PR is open. Once all requirements are satisfied, merge this PR as a stack on Graphite.
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• [query] Benchmark configurations #14762
• [benchmark] notebook for interactively computing benchmark config #14757
• [query] Various Benchmark Suite Improvements #14761
• [query] make local and remote tmp settable on backend #14748 👈 (View in Graphite)
• [query] Lowering + Optimisation with implict timing context #14731 : 1 other dependent PR (#14732 )
• [query] Lift backend state into {Service|Py4J}BackendApi #14698
• [query] Move is.hail.check to test code #14801 : 1 other dependent PR (#14693 )
• [query] Move LoweredTableReaderCoercer into ExecuteContext #14696
• [query] Remove persistedIr from Backend interface #14692
• [query] Remove lookupOrCompileCachedFunction from Backend interface #14691
• [query] Remove BlockMatrix persist from Backend interface #14690
• [query] Expose references via ExecuteContext #14686
• [query] Extract Backend Methods called from Python into Py4JBackendExtensions #14767
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