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JustGag committed Jul 4, 2024
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\begin{abstract}
Cumacea crustaceans serve as vital indicators of benthic health in marine ecosystems. This study investigates the influence of environmental parameters on their genetic makeup in the North Atlantic, focusing on Icelandic waters. We analyze mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences from 62 Cumacea specimens collected across varying depths. We use \textit{aPhyloGeo} software to correlate these sequences with environmental data encompassing temperature, oxygen concentration, depth, and other relevant factors.
Cumacea crustaceans serve as vital indicators of benthic health in marine ecosystems. This study investigates the influence of environmental parameters on their genetic makeup in the North Atlantic, focusing on Icelandic waters. We analyze mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences from 62 Cumacea specimens collected across varying depths. We use \textit{aPhyloGeo} software to correlate these sequences with environmental data encompassing temperature ($^\circ$C) (see Figure \ref{fig:fig1}c), oxygen concentration (mg/L) (see Figure \ref{fig:fig1}f), depth (m) (see Figure \ref{fig:fig1}c), and other relevant factors.

Our analyses reveal significant spatial variation in environmental parameters, particularly depth, and temperature (see Figures \ref{fig:fig1}c and \ref{fig:fig1}e). Cumacean diversity also varied across habitat types (see Figure \ref{fig:fig4}). Interestingly, specific genetic sequences correlated with wind speed and oxygen levels, suggesting potential local adaptations to these fluctuating environmental conditions.
Our analyses reveal significant spatial variation in environmental parameters, particularly depth (m), and temperature ($^\circ$C) (see Figures \ref{fig:fig1}c and \ref{fig:fig1}e). Cumacean diversity also varied across habitat types (see Figure \ref{fig:fig4}). Interestingly, specific genetic sequences correlated with wind speed and oxygen levels (see Figures \ref{fig:fig5} and \ref{fig:fig6}), suggesting potential local adaptations to these fluctuating environmental conditions.

These initial findings highlight the need for further exploration to understand the relationships between Cumacean genetics and their environment. This study lays the groundwork for establishing correlations between specific mitochondrial gene regions and environmental variables. If substantiated, these findings would support the hypothesis of natural selection driving local adaptation of Cumacea to environmental gradients in the face of climate change. The \textit{aPhyloGeo} Python package is freely and publicly available on \href{https://github.com/tahiri-lab/aPhyloGeo}{GitHub}, and it is also available on \href{https://pypi.org/project/aphylogeo/}{PyPi}, to facilitate complex analyses.

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