Graph v2: combined C1+C2 typed claims and dynamic component instances

[buger]

Combined C1+C2

This PR combines the Graph v2 C1 typed-claim kernel with the C2 dynamic component-instance vertical slice.

Included

• Human-readable YAML remains the configuration source of truth, with generated schema validation kept in sync.
• A typed-claim plan, journal, and kernel provide immutable event authority, validation, replay, and exact claim provenance.
• Dynamic keyed subgraphs use stable component, node, and generation identities while retaining one scheduler, one journal, and one runner.
• Generated providers receive exact scoped context and declared claims only, including authoritative controller or attempt provenance.
• Reconciliation evidence covers deterministic replay, reorder reuse, add/remove tombstones, and selective regeneration where unchanged components retain byte-stable identities and outputs.
• Catalog and generated terminal batches validate fully before append, preserving atomic event order and avoiding partial publication.

Verification and retained failures

• The configuration generator ran twice and was idempotent; generated source and JSON hashes remained stable.
• Baseline-relative TypeScript validation completed with zero candidate diagnostics and exactly four pre-existing MCP diagnostics at src/mcp-server.ts lines 931 and 947.
• The admission record retains the earlier failed TypeScript run and failed focused Jest run. Both were addressed through bounded type-authority and runtime-scheduling fixes without weakening reducers or oracles.
• The final focused run passed 10 of 10 suites and 107 of 107 tests with zero snapshots.
• This was a focused ten-suite admission run, not the repository-wide full test suite.

Explicit nonclaims

This PR does not claim support for nested expansion, tombstoned-key reactivation, cancellation, retries, leases, durable or distributed scheduling, or cross-process recovery. It also does not claim Proof or Probe integration, model/profile routing, model calls, or real-provider/project-onboarding quality.