Fix: Update MQTT client for ESP-IDF compatibility

[omerfaruk-aran]

📄 Description

What does this Pull Request do?

• 🐞 Bug Fix
• ✨ New Feature
• 🔨 Code Improvement
• 📚 Documentation Update

This PR resolves the compatibility issues with the debug_mqtt.cpp file when using ESP-IDF framework in ESPHome 2024.12.x. The changes include updates to the esp_mqtt_client_config_t structure to align with the updated ESP-IDF framework API.

✨ Key Changes

1. Replaced deprecated mqtt_cfg.host, mqtt_cfg.port, mqtt_cfg.username, and mqtt_cfg.password members with the updated configuration structure.
2. Updated debug_mqtt_connect function to reflect the new API changes.
3. Ensured backward compatibility for Arduino framework.

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🔗 Related Issues

Fixes: #242
Fixes: #241

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✅ Checklist

Please ensure the following before submitting your PR:

• Code compiles without errors 🧑‍💻
• All tests pass successfully ✅
• Changes have been tested on relevant devices 🛠️
• Documentation has been updated (if necessary) 📖
• This PR is ready for review 🔍

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🌐 Environment Information

🔢 Versions

• ESPHome Version: 2024.12.2
• Home Assistant Version: 2024.12.5

🧩 Devices

• Air Conditioner Type:
  • NASA
  • NON-NASA
  • Other
• Air Conditioner Model:
• Outdoor Unit Model:
• ESP Device Model: M5STACK ATOM Lite + M5STACK RS-485
• Wiring Configuration: F1/F2

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🧪 Test Plan

How were these changes tested?

1. Tested with an ESP32 device using ESP-IDF framework.
2. Verified MQTT connectivity to broker with credentials and port settings.
3. Ensured backward compatibility with Arduino framework.

🔍 Logs

• Logs from ESPHome with ESP-IDF:

[INFO] Successfully connected to MQTT broker [DEBUG] Publishing to topic: samsung_ac/nasa

• Logs from ESPHome with Arduino framework:

[INFO] Successfully connected to MQTT broker [DEBUG] Publishing to topic: samsung_ac/nasa

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🛠️ YAML Configuration

external_components:
  - source: github://omerfaruk-aran/esphome_samsung_hvac_bus@fix/mqtt-espidf-compatibility
    components: [samsung_ac]

samsung_ac:

  # Sends all NASA package values to MQTT so the can be analysed or monitored.
  debug_mqtt_host: 192.168.1.100
  debug_mqtt_port: 1883
  debug_mqtt_username: mqtt_user
  debug_mqtt_password: mqtt_pass

    ...