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Connectivity of LTS and FS cells

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Dave edited this page Apr 18, 2017 · 3 revisions

Here are a few papers on connectivity between FS and LTS cells. These notes are based on a conversation between Michelle, Dave, and Nancy (April 18, 2017)

Overall summary: Fast spiking cells do inhibit LTS cells, but parvalbumin (Pvalb) cells don’t inhibit somatostatin (SOM) cells. Thus, Pvalb and SOM cells might be subsets of basket and LTS cells, respectively, with specific connectivity patterns.

  1. Jiang et al: See Fig. 4, which shows the connectivity matrix. Fig. 6 provides another way of visualizing this. Here, Martinotti cells (which includes LTS cells) are shown to inhibit basket cells.

In addition, in the discussion section entitled "Three major groups of interneurons with distinct output connection rules” they describe how interneurons can be grouped based on their connectivity patterns. One of these groups is the pyramidal-neuron-targeting interneurons (PTIs), which included L23BCs, L5BCs, DBCs, ChCs, HECs, SCs, and BTCs (acronyms below). Thus, there might be neurons within this class of PTI's that have similar properties to LTS cells.

Here’s a summary of the acronyms used in the paper. Layer 2/3: L23 Martinotti cells (L23MCs, n = 182), L23 neurogliaform cells (L23NGCs, n = 102), bitufted cells (BTCs, n = 118), bipolar cells (BPCs, n = 85), double bouquet cells (DBCs, n = 46), L23 basket cells (L23BCs, n = 322), and chandelier cells (ChCs, n = 18). Layer 5: neurogliaform cells (L5NGCs), basket cells (L5BCs), shrub cells (SCs), horizontally elongated cells (HECs), and deep-projecting cells (DCs)

  1. Gibson et al: See Table 1

  2. Human Brain Project neocortical microcircuit connectivity (https://bbp.epfl.ch/nmc-portal/welcome): Click “Microcircuit” and then select the layers and cell types you want to compare. Glossary of cell types is here: https://bbp.epfl.ch/nmc-portal/glossary. I checked, and they do not have goblet cells; however, it’s possible they could be going by a different name.

  3. Pfeffer et al: This paper shows the converse - that parvalbumin cells do not inhibit SOM cells. "Pvalb-expressing cells preferentially inhibited one another, Sst-expressing cells avoided one another and inhibited all other types of interneurons, and Vip-expressing cells preferentially inhibited Sst-expressing cells.” See Fig. 4.

References:

  1. Jiang, X., Shen, S., Cadwell, C. R., Berens, P., Sinz, F., Ecker, A. S., … Tolias, A. S. (2015). Principles of connectivity among morphologically defined cell types in adult neocortex. Science, 350(6264), aac9462-aac9462. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9462

  2. Gibson, J. R., Beierlein, M., & Connors, B. W. (1999). Two networks of electrically coupled inhibitory neurons in neocortex. Nature, 402(6757), 75–79. https://doi.org/10.1038/47035

  3. Pfeffer, C. K., Xue, M., He, M., Huang, Z. J., & Scanziani, M. (2013). Inhibition of inhibition in visual cortex: the logic of connections between molecularly distinct interneurons. Nature Neuroscience, 16(8), 1068–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3446

Other references (perhaps useful):

  1. Markram, H., Toledo-Rodriguez, M., Wang, Y., Gupta, A., Silberberg, G., & Wu, C. (2004). Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 5(10), 793–807. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1519
  2. Kawaguchi, Y., & Kubota, Y. (1997). GABAergic cell subtypes and their synaptic connections in rat frontal cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 7(6), 476–486. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/7.6.476
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