Blackbox exporter

The blackbox exporter allows blackbox probing of endpoints over HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP and ICMP.

Building and running

Local Build

make
./blackbox_exporter <flags>

Visiting http://localhost:9115/probe?target=google.com&module=http_2xx will return metrics for a HTTP probe against google.com.

Building with Docker

docker build -t blackbox_exporter .
docker run -d -p 9115:9115 --name blackbox_exporter -v `pwd`:/config blackbox_exporter -config.file=/config/blackbox.yml

Configuration

A configuration showing all options is below:

modules:
  http_2xx_example:
    prober: http
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      valid_status_codes: []  # Defaults to 2xx
      method: GET
      headers:
        Host: vhost.example.com
        Accept-Language: en-US
      no_follow_redirects: false
      fail_if_ssl: false
      fail_if_not_ssl: false
      fail_if_matches_regexp:
        - "Could not connect to database"
      fail_if_not_matches_regexp:
        - "Download the latest version here"
      tls_config:
        insecure_skip_verify: false
      protocol: "tcp" # accepts "tcp/tcp4/tcp6", defaults to "tcp"
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" # used for "tcp", defaults to "ip6"
  http_post_2xx:
    prober: http
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      method: POST
      headers:
        Content-Type: application/json
      body: '{}'
      protocol: "tcp"
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
  tcp_connect_v4_example:
    prober: tcp
    timeout: 5s
    tcp:
      protocol: "tcp4"
  irc_banner_example:
    prober: tcp
    timeout: 5s
    tcp:
      query_response:
        - send: "NICK prober"
        - send: "USER prober prober prober :prober"
        - expect: "PING :([^ ]+)"
          send: "PONG ${1}"
        - expect: "^:[^ ]+ 001"
  icmp_example:
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 5s
    icmp:
      protocol: "icmp"
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
  dns_udp_example:
    prober: dns
    timeout: 5s
    dns:
      query_name: "www.prometheus.io"
      query_type: "A"
      valid_rcodes:
      - NOERROR
      validate_answer_rrs:
        fail_if_matches_regexp:
        - ".*127.0.0.1"
        fail_if_not_matches_regexp:
        - "www.prometheus.io.\t300\tIN\tA\t127.0.0.1"
      validate_authority_rrs:
        fail_if_matches_regexp:
        - ".*127.0.0.1"
      validate_additional_rrs:
        fail_if_matches_regexp:
        - ".*127.0.0.1"
  dns_tcp_example:
    prober: dns
    dns:
      protocol: "tcp" # accepts "tcp/tcp4/tcp6/udp/udp4/udp6", defaults to "udp"
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" # used for "udp/tcp", defaults to "ip6"
      query_name: "www.prometheus.io"

HTTP, HTTPS (via the http prober), DNS, TCP socket and ICMP (v4 only, see permissions section) are currently supported. Additional modules can be defined to meet your needs.

Prometheus Configuration

The blackbox exporter needs to be passed the target as a parameter, this can be done with relabelling.

Example config:

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'blackbox'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]  # Look for a HTTP 200 response.
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - prometheus.io   # Target to probe
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: (.*)(:80)?
        target_label: __param_target
        replacement: ${1}
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        regex: (.*)
        target_label: instance
        replacement: ${1}
      - source_labels: []
        regex: .*
        target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115  # Blackbox exporter.

Permissions

The ICMP probe requires elevated privileges to function:

• Windows: Administrator privileges are required.
• Linux: root user or CAP_NET_RAW capability is required.
  • Can be set by executing setcap cap_net_raw+ep blackbox_exporter
• BSD / OS X: root user is required.