Update dependency Sphinx to v9

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Confidence
Sphinx (changelog)	==8.2.3 -> ==9.0.0

---

Release Notes

sphinx-doc/sphinx (Sphinx)

v9.0.0

=====================================

Dependencies

• #​13786: Support Docutils 0.22_. Patch by Adam Turner.

  .. _Docutils 0.22: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/RELEASE-NOTES.html#release-0-22-2026-07-29

Incompatible changes

• #​13639: :py:meth:!SphinxComponentRegistry.create_source_parser no longer
  has an app parameter, instead taking config and env.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13679: Non-decodable characters in source files now raise an error.
  Such bytes have been replaced with '?' along with logging a warning
  since Sphinx 2.0.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13751, #​14089: :mod:sphinx.ext.autodoc has been substantially rewritten,
  and there may be some incompatible changes in edge cases, especially when
  extensions interact with autodoc internals.
  The :confval:autodoc_use_legacy_class_based option has been added to
  use the legacy (pre-9.0) implementation of autodoc.
  Patches by Adam Turner.
• #​13355: Don't include escaped title content in the search index.
  Patch by Will Lachance.

Deprecated

• 13627: Deprecate remaining public :py:attr:!.app attributes,
  including builder.app, env.app, events.app,
  and SphinxTransform.app.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13637: Deprecate the :py:meth:!set_application method
  of :py:class:~sphinx.parsers.Parser objects.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13644: Deprecate the :py:attr:!Parser.config and :py:attr:!env attributes.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13665: Deprecate support for non-UTF 8 source encodings,
  scheduled for removal in Sphinx 10.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13682: Deprecate :py:mod:!sphinx.io.
  Sphinx no longer uses the :py:mod:!sphinx.io classes,
  having replaced them with standard Python I/O.
  The entire :py:mod:!sphinx.io module will be removed in Sphinx 10.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13631: :func:!sphinx.environment.adapters.toctree.global_toctree_for_doc
  and :meth:!sphinx.environment.BuildEnvironment.get_and_resolve_doctree
  will require a tags keyword argument from Sphinx 11.
  It may optionally be passed from Sphinx 9 onwards.
  Patch by Adam Turner.

Features added

• #​13332: Add :confval:doctest_fail_fast option to exit after the first failed
  test.
  Patch by Till Hoffmann.
• #​13439: linkcheck: Permit warning on every redirect with
  linkcheck_allowed_redirects = {}.
  Patch by Adam Turner and James Addison.
• #​13497: Support C domain objects in the table of contents.
• #​13500: LaTeX: add support for fontawesome6 package.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13509: autodoc: Detect :py:func:typing_extensions.overload <typing.overload>
  and :py:func:~typing.final decorators.
  Patch by Spencer Brown.
• #​13535: html search: Update to the latest version of Snowball (v3.0.1).
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13647: LaTeX: allow more cases of table nesting.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13657: LaTeX: support CSS3 length units.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13684: intersphinx: Add a file-based cache for remote inventories.
  The location of the cache directory must not be relied upon externally,
  as it may change without notice or warning in future releases.
  Patch by Adam Turner.
• #​13805: LaTeX: add support for fontawesome7 package.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13508: autodoc: Initial support for :pep:695 type aliases.
  Patch by Martin Matouš, Jeremy Maitin-Shepard, and Adam Turner.
• #​14023: Add the new :confval:mathjax_config_path option
  to load MathJax configuration from a file.
  Patch by Randolf Scholz and Adam Turner.
• #​14046: linkcheck: Add the :confval:linkcheck_case_insensitive_urls option
  to allow case-insensitive URL comparison for specific URL patterns.
  This is useful for links to websites that normalise URL casing (e.g. GitHub)
  or case-insensitive servers.
  Patch by Fazeel Usmani and James Addison.
• #​14075: autosummary: Provide more context in import exception stack traces.
  Patch by Philipp A.
• #​13468: Add config options to :mod:sphinx.ext.duration.
  Patch by Erik Bedard and Adam Turner.
• #​14022: Use MathJax v4 by default in the :mod:sphinx.ext.mathjax extension,
  from v3 previously.
  To keep using an older version, set the :confval:mathjax_path option.
  Also add the new :confval:mathjax4_config option to configure MathJax v4.
  Note that MathJax v3 is mostly compatible with MathJax v4, so existing
  :confval:mathjax3_config settings should not need to change.
  Patch by Matthias Geier.
• #​14029: intersphinx: Fix error in format string interpolation.
  Patch by Matthieu de Cibeins.
• #​13894: Add source_code_parser type to :confval:suppress_warnings
  for grouping issues related to the C and C++ parsers.
  Patch by Valentin H.

Bugs fixed

• #​13926: multiple py:type directives for the same canonical type no
  longer result in spurious duplicate object description warnings.
  Patch by Jeremy Maitin-Shepard.
• #​1327: LaTeX: tables using longtable raise error if
  :rst:dir:tabularcolumns specifies automatic widths
  (L, R, C, or J).
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​3447: LaTeX: when assigning longtable class to table for PDF, it may render
  "horizontally" and overflow in right margin.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​8828: LaTeX: adding a footnote to a longtable cell causes table to occupy
  full width.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​11498: LaTeX: Table in cell fails to build if it has many rows.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​11515: LaTeX: longtable does not allow nested table.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​11973: LaTeX: links in table captions do not work in PDF.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​12821: LaTeX: URLs/links in section titles should render in PDF.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13369: Correctly parse and cross-reference unpacked type annotations.
  Patch by Alicia Garcia-Raboso.
• #​13528: Add tilde ~ prefix support for :rst:role:py:deco.
  Patch by Shengyu Zhang and Adam Turner.
• #​13597: LaTeX: table nested in a merged cell leads to invalid LaTeX mark-up
  and PDF cannot be built.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13619: LaTeX: possible duplicated footnotes in PDF from object signatures
  (typically if :confval:latex_show_urls = 'footnote').
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13635: LaTeX: if a cell contains a table, row coloring is turned off for
  the next table cells.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13685: gettext: Correctly ignore trailing backslashes.
  Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
• #​13712: intersphinx: Don't add "v" prefix to non-numeric versions.
  Patch by Szymon Karpinski.
• #​13688: HTML builder: Replace <em class="property"> with
  <span class="property"> for attribute type annotations
  to improve semantic HTML structure <https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html>__.
  Patch by Mark Ostroth.
• #​13812 (discussion): LaTeX: long :rst:dir:confval value does not wrap at
  spaces in PDF.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​10785: Autodoc: Allow type aliases defined in the project to be properly
  cross-referenced when used as type annotations. This makes it possible
  for objects documented as :py:data: to be hyperlinked in function signatures.
• #​13858: doctest: doctest blocks are now correctly added to a group defined by the
  configuration variable doctest_test_doctest_blocks.
• #​13885: Coverage builder: Fix TypeError when warning about missing modules.
  Patch by Damien Ayers.
• #​13929: Duplicate equation label warnings now have a new warning
  sub-type, ref.equation.
  Patch by Jared Dillard.
• #​13935: autoclass: parent class members no longer considered
  directly defined in certain cases, depending on autodoc processing
  order.
  Patch by Jeremy Maitin-Shepard.
• #​13939: LaTeX: page break can separate admonition title from contents.
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​14004: Fix :confval:autodoc_type_aliases when they appear in PEP 604
  union syntax (Alias | Type).
  Patch by Tamika Nomara.
• #​14059: LaTeX: Footnotes cause pdflatex error with French language
  (since late June 2025 upstream change to LaTeX babel-french).
  Patch by Jean-François B.
• #​13916: HTML Search: do not clear text fragments from the URL on page load.
  Patch by Harmen Stoppels.
• #​13944: autodoc: show traceback during import in human readable representation.
  Patch by Florian Best.
• #​14006: Support images with data URIs that aren't base64-encoded.
  Patch by Shengyu Zhang and Adam Turner.
• #​12797: Fix Some type variables (...) are not listed in Generic[...]
  TypeError when inheriting from both Generic and autodoc mocked class.
  Patch by Ikor Jefocur and Daniel Sperber.
• #​13945: autodoc: Fix handling of undefined names in annotations by using
  the FORWARDREF :mod:annotationlib format.
  Patch by Rui Pinheiro and Adam Turner.
• #​14067: EPUB: unify path separators in manifest items to forward slashes;
  resolve duplicates in the manifest on Windows.
  Patch by Akihiro Takizawa.
• #​13741: text builder: fix an infinite loop when processing CSV tables.
  Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
• #​13217: Remove extra parentheses from :rst:dir:js:function arguments and errors.
  Patch by Shengyu Zhang.

Testing

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[david-cortes-intel]

Cannot upgrade due to constraints:

sphinx-design 0.6.1 depends on sphinx<9 and >=6

[renovate]

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