Performance Comparison of Jax-RS implementations and embedded containers
Gajotres have written an article: Top 8 Java RESTful Micro Frameworks. He listed 8 best light weight Java RESTful framework. Personally, I perfer jax-rs implementations and micro frameworks for deploying applications as micro services and those micro services can be deployed in docker containers.
So I have test five Jax-RS implementations plus embedded containers despite business logics. The RESTful service is very simple and it only returns a "hello world" string. Remember, tests don't contain any business logics even JSON libraries. There are other articles to dicuss serialization framework. For example, my test
I have added more RESTful framework besides Jax-RS implementation, which contains:
- Spring-boot
- RESTEasy + Netty4
- Native Netty
- Vert.x
- Go
You can check the test result and the performancre chart.
It is a multiple-module maven project. You can run "mvn package" in parent directory to packge each module. It generates a fat-jar in target directories of modules for each module. It is easy.
Server AWS C3.2xlarge
- 8 cores (E5-2666 v3 @ 2.90GHz)
- memory: 16G (only allocate 4G for restful applications)
Java 1.8.0_51
Test tool
wrk
the test cmd is like: wrk -t16 -c1000 -d30s http://127.0.0.1:8080/rest/hello .
I use 16 threads and 100/200/500/1000 connnections to test each case.
Starting Server
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar jersey-grizzly2-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar jersey-jetty-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar dropwizard-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar hello.yml
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar resteasy-netty-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar resteasy-undertow-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar springboot-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar resteasy-netty4-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar nativenetty-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar vertx-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar swagger-light-java-1.0.0.jar
Test data is here
It looks Resteasy is better than jersey whatever jersey uses grizzly2 or jetty container.
It is predictable that performance of dropwizard is same to jersey+jetty.
Resteasy is excellent in undertow and netty.
To my surprise is resteasy+undertow is a little better than resteasy+netty. Maybe they are all developed by JBoss and they have done some optimization.
I do not recommend you use spring boot in large projects because its performance and style.
Of course native netty is number one but my test has not contains a http router so maybe you can't say it is RESTful framework. But I like its perforamnce.
Performance of RESTEasy+netty4 is lower than what i expect. but RESTEasy+netty3 is very good.
One interesting framework is Vert.x. I like its functional programming style but its performance is not so good.
I have not monitored the CPU usage and memory usage. You can try it.
- 2015/11/19 add native go, go-restful codes