docs: update solution & starter code documentation for day 2 (#20)

* feat(docs): update day 2 starter code documentation

* feat(docs): update day 2 solution code documentation

mini-lsm-starter/src/table.rs

@@ -19,12 +19,14 @@ use crate::lsm_storage::BlockCache;
 pub struct BlockMeta {
     /// Offset of this data block.
     pub offset: usize,
-    /// The first key of the data block.
+    /// The first key of the data block, mainly used for index purpose.
     pub first_key: Bytes,
 }
 
 impl BlockMeta {
     /// Encode block meta to a buffer.
+    /// You may add extra fields to the buffer,
+    /// in order to help keep track of `first_key` when decoding from the same buffer in the future.
     pub fn encode_block_meta(
         block_meta: &[BlockMeta],
         #[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)] // remove this allow after you finish
@@ -61,9 +63,17 @@ impl FileObject {
     }
 }
 
+/// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/// |              Data Block             |             Meta Block              |          Extra          |
+/// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/// | Data Block #1 | ... | Data Block #N | Meta Block #1 | ... | Meta Block #N | Meta Block Offset (u32) |
+/// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 pub struct SsTable {
+    /// The actual storage unit of SsTable, the format is as above.
     file: FileObject,
+    /// The meta blocks that hold info for data blocks.
     block_metas: Vec<BlockMeta>,
+    /// The offset that indicates the start point of meta blocks in `file`.
     block_meta_offset: usize,
 }
 
@@ -89,6 +99,8 @@ impl SsTable {
     }
 
     /// Find the block that may contain `key`.
+    /// Note: You may want to make use of the `first_key` stored in `BlockMeta`.
+    /// You may also assume the key-value pairs stored in each consecutive block are sorted.
     pub fn find_block_idx(&self, key: &[u8]) -> usize {
         unimplemented!()
     }

mini-lsm-starter/src/table/builder.rs

@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ impl SsTableBuilder {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
-    /// Adds a key-value pair to SSTable
+    /// Adds a key-value pair to SSTable.
+    /// Note: You should split a new block when the current block is full.(`std::mem::replace` may be of help here)
     pub fn add(&mut self, key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
     /// Get the estimated size of the SSTable.
+    /// Since the data blocks contain much more data than meta blocks, just return the size of data blocks here.
     pub fn estimated_size(&self) -> usize {
         unimplemented!()
     }

mini-lsm-starter/src/table/iterator.rs

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ use crate::iterators::StorageIterator;
 pub struct SsTableIterator {}
 
 impl SsTableIterator {
-    /// Create a new iterator and seek to the first key-value pair.
+    /// Create a new iterator and seek to the first key-value pair in the first data block.
     pub fn create_and_seek_to_first(table: Arc<SsTable>) -> Result<Self> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
-    /// Seek to the first key-value pair.
+    /// Seek to the first key-value pair in the first data block.
     pub fn seek_to_first(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
@@ -28,24 +28,30 @@ impl SsTableIterator {
     }
 
     /// Seek to the first key-value pair which >= `key`.
+    /// Note: You probably want to review the handout for detailed explanation when implementing this function.
     pub fn seek_to_key(&mut self, key: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 }
 
 impl StorageIterator for SsTableIterator {
-    fn value(&self) -> &[u8] {
+    /// Return the `key` that's held by the underlying block iterator.
+    fn key(&self) -> &[u8] {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
-    fn key(&self) -> &[u8] {
+    /// Return the `value` that's held by the underlying block iterator.
+    fn value(&self) -> &[u8] {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
+    /// Return whether the current block iterator is valid or not.
     fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
         unimplemented!()
     }
 
+    /// Move to the next `key` in the block.
+    /// Note: You may want to check if the current block iterator is valid after the move.
     fn next(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
         unimplemented!()
     }

mini-lsm/src/table.rs

@@ -26,10 +26,14 @@ impl BlockMeta {
     pub fn encode_block_meta(block_meta: &[BlockMeta], buf: &mut Vec<u8>) {
         let mut estimated_size = 0;
         for meta in block_meta {
+            // The size of offset
             estimated_size += std::mem::size_of::<u32>();
+            // The size of key length
             estimated_size += std::mem::size_of::<u16>();
+            // The size of actual key
             estimated_size += meta.first_key.len();
         }
+        // Reserve the space to improve performance, especially when the size of incoming data is large
         buf.reserve(estimated_size);
         let original_len = buf.len();
         for meta in block_meta {