Welcome to a Full-Stack MERN application, designed to manage an employee database efficiently.
This project develop using MongoDB, Express.js, React, and Node.js (MERN stack), along with Vite.js
for the frontend setup.
.
Scroll down for a complete guide for this project. ⬇
🔹 The MERN stack is a web development framework made up of the stack of MongoDB, Express, React.js, and Node.js.
🔹 MongoDB Atlas database: A NoSQL database for storing employee data.
🔹 Express.js: A backend framework for building robust server-side applications.
🔹 React: A frontend library for building interactive user interfaces.
🔹 Node.js: A JavaScript runtime for executing server-side code.
🔹 Vite.js: A modern build tool that provides a fast development experience for React projects.
// server.js
import express from "express";
import cors from "cors";
import records from "./routes/record.js";
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5050;
const app = express();
app.use(cors());
app.use(express.json());
app.use("/record", records);
// start the Express server
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`Server listening on port ${PORT}`);
});// server/routes/record.js
import express from "express";
import db from "../db/connection.js";
import { ObjectId } from "mongoDB"; // convert the id from string to ObjectId for the _id.
// creating instance of express router, to define our routes.
// `router` will be added as a middleware and will take control of requests starting with `path /record`.
const router = express.Router();
router.get("/", async (req, res) => { // get a list of all the records.
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let results = await collection.find({}).toArray();
res.send(results).status(200);
});
router.get("/:id", async (req, res) => { // get a single record by id
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let query = { _id: new ObjectId(req.params.id) };
let result = await collection.findOne(query);
if (!result) res.send("Not found").status(404);
else res.send(result).status(200);
});
//Create a new record.
// the request made by 'fetch("http://localhost:5050/record")' in client
// corresponds to this route handler defined in router.post("/", ...) on server.
router.post("/", async (req, res) => {
try {
let newDocument = {
name: req.body.name,
position: req.body.position,
level: req.body.level,
};
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let result = await collection.insertOne(newDocument);
res.send(result).status(204);
} catch (err) {
console.error(err);
res.status(500).send("Error adding record");
}
});
router.patch("/:id", async (req, res) => { // update a record by id.
try {
const query = { _id: new ObjectId(req.params.id) };
const updates = {
$set: {
name: req.body.name,
position: req.body.position,
level: req.body.level,
},
};
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let result = await collection.updateOne(query, updates);
res.send(result).status(200);
} catch (err) {
console.error(err);
res.status(500).send("Error updating record");
}
});
router.delete("/:id", async (req, res) => {
try {
const query = { _id: new ObjectId(req.params.id) };
const collection = db.collection("records");
let result = await collection.deleteOne(query);
res.send(result).status(200);
} catch (err) {
console.error(err);
res.status(500).send("Error deleting record");
}
});
export default router;// Component Summary:
// - The component can be used to either create a new employee record or update an existing one.
// - It fetches existing record data if an `id` is provided.
// - It communicates with an API to save or update records.
// - It provides form fields for capturing employee details.
// Serves as a `form component` for creating or updating employee records.
// It provides a UI to input employee details like name, position, and level.
// It interacts with an API to fetch existing records and save new or updated records.
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import { useParams, useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";
export default function RecordForm() {
// State variables to manage form data and record status (data for the employee record)
const [form, setForm] = useState({
name: "",
position: "",
level: "",
});
const [isNew, setIsNew] = useState(true); // Flag to check if it's a new record or existing
const params = useParams(); // Stores the route parameters, specifically the id of the record.
const navigate = useNavigate(); // A function to navigate between routes
// useEffect to fetch an existing record when the component mounts, if an id is provided in the URL.
useEffect(() => {
// Fetching Record:
// Makes a GET request to fetch the record with the given id.
// If successful, it updates the form with the fetched record.
// If the record doesn't exist, it navigates back to the home page.
async function fetchData() {
// Check if the route has an ID parameter.
// Attempt to get the id from params and convert it to a string, or if it doesn't exist or undefined, set id to undefined.
const id = params.id?.toString() || undefined;
if(!id) return; //if id is undefined exit the fetchData function early without making fetch request.
setIsNew(false); // Exit early if id is undefined
// Makes a GET request to fetch the record with the given id.
const response = await fetch(
`http://localhost:5050/record/${params.id.toString()}`
);
if (!response.ok) {
const message = `An error has occurred: ${response.statusText}`;
console.error(message);
return;
}
const record = await response.json();
if (!record) {
console.warn(`Record with id ${id} not found`);
navigate("/");
return;
}
setForm(record); // Set the form state with fetched record data
} // end of fetchData()
fetchData();
return;
}, [params.id, navigate]);
// Function to Updates the form state with new values.
// Takes an object with new values and merges it with the current form state.
function updateForm(value) {
return setForm((prev) => {
return { ...prev, ...value };
});
}
// Handles form submission by either creating a new record or updating an existing one.
// When either a POST or PATCH request is sent to the URL, fetch will either add a new record to the database or update an existing record in the database.
async function onSubmit(e) {
e.preventDefault();
// Prepare Data: Copies the current form state to prepare the data for submission.
const person = { ...form };
try {
let response;
if (isNew) {
// API Request:
// Makes a POST request to create a new record if isNew is true.
// Makes a PATCH request to update an existing record if isNew is false.
response = await fetch("http://localhost:5050/record", {
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify(person),
});
}
else {
response = await fetch(`http://localhost:5050/record/${params.id}`, {
method: "PATCH",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify(person),
});
}
if (!response.ok) { // Error Handling: Catches any errors that occur during the API request.
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
} catch (error) {
console.error('A problem occurred adding or updating a record: ', error);
}
// Cleanup:
// Clears the form after submission.
// Navigates back to the home page.
finally {
// Clear the form and navigate back to home page
setForm({ name: "", position: "", level: "" });
navigate("/");
}
}
// Renders the form to capture employee information.
// Title: Displays a title for the form.
// Employee Info: Displays a section title and description for employee information.
// Form Fields:
// Name: Input field for the employee's name.
// Position: Input field for the employee's position.
// Level: Radio buttons to select the employee's level (Intern, Junior, Senior).
// Submit Button: A button to save the employee record.
return (
<>
<h3 className="text-lg font-semibold p-4">Create/Update Employee Record</h3>
<form
onSubmit={onSubmit}
className="border rounded-lg overflow-hidden p-4"
>
<div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-x-8 gap-y-10 border-b border-slate-900/10 pb-12 md:grid-cols-2">
<div>
<h2 className="text-base font-semibold leading-7 text-slate-900">
Employee Info
</h2>
<p className="mt-1 text-sm leading-6 text-slate-600">
This information will be displayed publicly so be careful what you
share.
</p>
</div>
<div className="grid max-w-2xl grid-cols-1 gap-x-6 gap-y-8 ">
<div className="sm:col-span-4">
<label
htmlFor="name"
className="block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900"
>
Name
</label>
<div className="mt-2">
<div className="flex rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 ring-inset ring-slate-300 focus-within:ring-2 focus-within:ring-inset focus-within:ring-indigo-600 sm:max-w-md">
<input
type="text"
name="name"
id="name"
className="block flex-1 border-0 bg-transparent py-1.5 pl-1 text-slate-900 placeholder:text-slate-400 focus:ring-0 sm:text-sm sm:leading-6"
placeholder="First Last"
value={form.name}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ name: e.target.value })}
/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div className="sm:col-span-4">
<label
htmlFor="position"
className="block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900"
>
Position
</label>
<div className="mt-2">
<div className="flex rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 ring-inset ring-slate-300 focus-within:ring-2 focus-within:ring-inset focus-within:ring-indigo-600 sm:max-w-md">
<input
type="text"
name="position"
id="position"
className="block flex-1 border-0 bg-transparent py-1.5 pl-1 text-slate-900 placeholder:text-slate-400 focus:ring-0 sm:text-sm sm:leading-6"
placeholder="Developer Advocate"
value={form.position}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ position: e.target.value })}
/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<fieldset className="mt-4">
<legend className="sr-only">Position Options</legend>
<div className="space-y-4 sm:flex sm:items-center sm:space-x-10 sm:space-y-0">
<div className="flex items-center">
<input
id="positionIntern"
name="positionOptions"
type="radio"
value="Intern"
className="h-4 w-4 border-slate-300 text-slate-600 focus:ring-slate-600 cursor-pointer"
checked={form.level === "Intern"}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ level: e.target.value })}
/>
<label
htmlFor="positionIntern"
className="ml-3 block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900 mr-4"
>
Intern
</label>
<input
id="positionJunior"
name="positionOptions"
type="radio"
value="Junior"
className="h-4 w-4 border-slate-300 text-slate-600 focus:ring-slate-600 cursor-pointer"
checked={form.level === "Junior"}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ level: e.target.value })}
/>
<label
htmlFor="positionJunior"
className="ml-3 block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900 mr-4"
>
Junior
</label>
<input
id="positionSenior"
name="positionOptions"
type="radio"
value="Senior"
className="h-4 w-4 border-slate-300 text-slate-600 focus:ring-slate-600 cursor-pointer"
checked={form.level === "Senior"}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ level: e.target.value })}
/>
<label
htmlFor="positionSenior"
className="ml-3 block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900 mr-4"
>
Senior
</label>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<input
type="submit"
value="Save Employee Record"
className="inline-flex items-center justify-center whitespace-nowrap text-md font-medium ring-offset-background transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 border border-input bg-background hover:bg-slate-100 hover:text-accent-foreground h-9 rounded-md px-3 cursor-pointer mt-4"
/>
</form>
</>
);
}
- Install Node.js
mkdir mern && cd mern
mkdir server && cd serverIn the server directory:
npm init -y
npm install mongodb express cors- mongodb — the MongoDB database driver that allows your Node.js applications to connect to the database and work with data
- express — the web framework for Node.js (it will make our lives easier)
- cors — a Node.js package that allows cross-origin resource sharing
In package.json file:
{
"type": "module"
}create a file called server.js with the following code:
// mern/server/server.js
import cors from "cors";
import records from "./routes/record.js";
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5050;
const app = express();
app.use(cors());
app.use(express.json());
app.use("/record", records);
// start the Express server
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`Server listening on port ${PORT}`);
});MongoDB Atlas
is a cloud-based database service that provides robust data security and reliability.
Create an account on MongoDB Atlas, deploy your first cluster, and locate your
cluster’s connection string.
Now that you have the connection string, go back to the ‘server’ directory and create a ‘config.env’ file. There,
assign the connection string to a new ATLAS_URI variable. Once done, your file should look similar to the one below.
Replace < username >, < password >, < clusterName >, and < projectId > with your database username, password, cluster name, and project ID.
ATLAS_URI=mongodb+srv://<username>:<password>@<cluster>.<projectId>.mongodb.net/employees?retryWrites=true&w=majority
PORT=5050Create a folder under the server directory named db and inside it, a file named connection.js.
There we can add the following code to connect to our database.
// connection.js
import { MongoClient, ServerApiVersion } from "mongodb";
const uri = process.env.ATLAS_URI || "";
const client = new MongoClient(uri, {
serverApi: {
version: ServerApiVersion.v1,
strict: true,
deprecationErrors: true,
},
});
try {
// Connect the client to the server
await client.connect();
// Send a ping to confirm a successful connection
await client.db("admin").command({ ping: 1 });
console.log(
"Pinged your deployment. You successfully connected to MongoDB!"
);
} catch(err) {
console.error(err);
}
let db = client.db("employees");
export default db;Database done. Server done. Now, it's time for the API endpoints.
Creating a routes folder and adding record.js in it, inside “server” directory
The routes/record.js file will also have the following lines of code in it.
// mern/server/routes/record.js
import express from "express";
// This will help us connect to the database
import db from "../db/connection.js";
// This help convert the id from string to ObjectId for the _id.
import { ObjectId } from "mongodb";
// router is an instance of the express router.
// We use it to define our routes.
// The router will be added as a middleware and will take control of requests starting with path /record.
const router = express.Router();
// This section will help you get a list of all the records.
router.get("/", async (req, res) => {
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let results = await collection.find({}).toArray();
res.send(results).status(200);
});
// This section will help you get a single record by id
router.get("/:id", async (req, res) => {
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let query = { _id: new ObjectId(req.params.id) };
let result = await collection.findOne(query);
if (!result) res.send("Not found").status(404);
else res.send(result).status(200);
});
// This section will help you create a new record.
router.post("/", async (req, res) => {
try {
let newDocument = {
name: req.body.name,
position: req.body.position,
level: req.body.level,
};
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let result = await collection.insertOne(newDocument);
res.send(result).status(204);
} catch (err) {
console.error(err);
res.status(500).send("Error adding record");
}
});
// This section will help you update a record by id.
router.patch("/:id", async (req, res) => {
try {
const query = { _id: new ObjectId(req.params.id) };
const updates = {
$set: {
name: req.body.name,
position: req.body.position,
level: req.body.level,
},
};
let collection = await db.collection("records");
let result = await collection.updateOne(query, updates);
res.send(result).status(200);
} catch (err) {
console.error(err);
res.status(500).send("Error updating record");
}
});
// This section will help you delete a record
router.delete("/:id", async (req, res) => {
try {
const query = { _id: new ObjectId(req.params.id) };
const collection = db.collection("records");
let result = await collection.deleteOne(query);
res.send(result).status(200);
} catch (err) {
console.error(err);
res.status(500).send("Error deleting record");
}
});
export default router;✅ That’s it for the back end. Now, we will start working on the front end.
using Vite, a modern way to create a React application.
In the root directory (mern), run:
npm create vite@latest client --template react
cd client
npm installSome additional dependencies will be used in our project. We’ll start with Tailwind CSS:
npm install -D tailwindcss postcss autoprefixer
npx tailwindcss init -pNext, we’ll edit the content field in the tailwind.cofig.js file.
/** @type {import('tailwindcss').Config} */
export default {
content: [
"./index.html",
"./src/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}",
],
theme: {
extend: {},
},
plugins: [],
}In the src/index.css file, we need to add the Tailwind directives and delete everything else:
@tailwind base;
@tailwind components;
@tailwind utilities;Lastly, we’ll install react-router-dom:
npm install -D react-router-dom-
Tailwindis a utility-first CSS framework that allows you to add CSS styles by utilizing predefined class names. -
React Routeradds client-side page routing to React!
Inside the client directory, edit App.js:
import * as React from "react";
import * as ReactDOM from "react-dom/client";
import {
createBrowserRouter,
RouterProvider,
} from "react-router-dom";
import App from "./App";
import Record from "./components/Record";
import RecordList from "./components/RecordList";
import "./index.css";
const router = createBrowserRouter([
{
path: "/",
element: <App />,
children: [
{
path: "/",
element: <RecordList />,
},
],
},
{
path: "/edit/:id",
element: <App />,
children: [
{
path: "/edit/:id",
element: <Record />,
},
],
},
{
path: "/create",
element: <App />,
children: [
{
path: "/create",
element: <Record />,
},
],
},
]);
ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById("root")).render(
<React.StrictMode>
<RouterProvider router={router} />
</React.StrictMode>
);We have set up our application page routes in the router variable and used RouterProvider to keep our UI in sync with the URL.
RouterProvider helps with seamless transitions while switching between components.
It will only reload or refresh the component that needs to be changed instead of refreshing or reloading the entire page.
Though React Router is not a necessity, it is a must if you want your app to be responsive.
Next, create the components we defined in our routes.
Create a components folder inside the src folder.
For each component we create, we will add a new .js file inside the components folder.
In this case, we will add Navbar.jsx, RecordList.jsx, and ModifyRecord.jsx.
Inside the client/src/components directory, create necessary components such as Navbar.jsx, RecordList.jsx, and ModifyRecord.jsx.
In the navbar.js component, we will create a navigation bar that will link us to the required components using the following code.
//mern/client/src/components/Navbar.jsx
import { NavLink } from "react-router-dom";
export default function Navbar() {
return (
<div>
<nav className="flex justify-between items-center mb-6">
<NavLink to="/">
<img alt="MongoDB logo" className="h-10 inline" src="https://d3cy9zhslanhfa.cloudfront.net/media/3800C044-6298-4575-A05D5C6B7623EE37/4B45D0EC-3482-4759-82DA37D8EA07D229/webimage-8A27671A-8A53-45DC-89D7BF8537F15A0D.png"></img>
</NavLink>
<NavLink className="inline-flex items-center justify-center whitespace-nowrap text-md font-medium ring-offset-background transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 border border-input bg-background hover:bg-slate-100 h-9 rounded-md px-3" to="/create">
Create Employee
</NavLink>
</nav>
</div>
);
}The following code will serve as a viewing component for our records.
It will fetch all the records in our database through a GET method.
// mern/client/src/components/RecordList.jsx
import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
const Record = (props) => (
<tr className="border-b transition-colors hover:bg-muted/50 data-[state=selected]:bg-muted">
<td className="p-4 align-middle [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
{props.record.name}
</td>
<td className="p-4 align-middle [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
{props.record.position}
</td>
<td className="p-4 align-middle [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
{props.record.level}
</td>
<td className="p-4 align-middle [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
<div className="flex gap-2">
<Link
className="inline-flex items-center justify-center whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium ring-offset-background transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 border border-input bg-background hover:bg-slate-100 h-9 rounded-md px-3"
to={`/edit/${props.record._id}`}
>
Edit
</Link>
<button
className="inline-flex items-center justify-center whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium ring-offset-background transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 border border-input bg-background hover:bg-slate-100 hover:text-accent-foreground h-9 rounded-md px-3"
color="red"
type="button"
onClick={() => {
props.deleteRecord(props.record._id);
}}
>
Delete
</button>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
);
export default function RecordList() {
const [records, setRecords] = useState([]);
// This method fetches the records from the database.
useEffect(() => {
async function getRecords() {
const response = await fetch(`http://localhost:5050/record/`);
if (!response.ok) {
const message = `An error occurred: ${response.statusText}`;
console.error(message);
return;
}
const records = await response.json();
setRecords(records);
}
getRecords();
return;
}, [records.length]);
// This method will delete a record
async function deleteRecord(id) {
await fetch(`http://localhost:5050/record/${id}`, {
method: "DELETE",
});
const newRecords = records.filter((el) => el._id !== id);
setRecords(newRecords);
}
// This method will map out the records on the table
function recordList() {
return records.map((record) => {
return (
<Record
record={record}
deleteRecord={() => deleteRecord(record._id)}
key={record._id}
/>
);
});
}
// This following section will display the table with the records of individuals.
return (
<>
<h3 className="text-lg font-semibold p-4">Employee Records</h3>
<div className="border rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
<div className="relative w-full overflow-auto">
<table className="w-full caption-bottom text-sm">
<thead className="[&_tr]:border-b">
<tr className="border-b transition-colors hover:bg-muted/50 data-[state=selected]:bg-muted">
<th className="h-12 px-4 text-left align-middle font-medium text-muted-foreground [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
Name
</th>
<th className="h-12 px-4 text-left align-middle font-medium text-muted-foreground [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
Position
</th>
<th className="h-12 px-4 text-left align-middle font-medium text-muted-foreground [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
Level
</th>
<th className="h-12 px-4 text-left align-middle font-medium text-muted-foreground [&:has([role=checkbox])]:pr-0">
Action
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody className="[&_tr:last-child]:border-0">
{recordList()}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</>
);
}The following code will serve as a form component to create or update records. This component will either submit a create command or an update command to our server.
// mern/client/src/components/Record.jsx
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import { useParams, useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";
export default function Record() {
const [form, setForm] = useState({
name: "",
position: "",
level: "",
});
const [isNew, setIsNew] = useState(true);
const params = useParams();
const navigate = useNavigate();
useEffect(() => {
async function fetchData() {
const id = params.id?.toString() || undefined;
if(!id) return;
setIsNew(false);
const response = await fetch(
`http://localhost:5050/record/${params.id.toString()}`
);
if (!response.ok) {
const message = `An error has occurred: ${response.statusText}`;
console.error(message);
return;
}
const record = await response.json();
if (!record) {
console.warn(`Record with id ${id} not found`);
navigate("/");
return;
}
setForm(record);
}
fetchData();
return;
}, [params.id, navigate]);
// These methods will update the state properties.
function updateForm(value) {
return setForm((prev) => {
return { ...prev, ...value };
});
}
// This function will handle the submission.
async function onSubmit(e) {
e.preventDefault();
const person = { ...form };
try {
let response;
if (isNew) {
// if we are adding a new record we will POST to /record.
response = await fetch("http://localhost:5050/record", {
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify(person),
});
} else {
// if we are updating a record we will PATCH to /record/:id.
response = await fetch(`http://localhost:5050/record/${params.id}`, {
method: "PATCH",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify(person),
});
}
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
} catch (error) {
console.error('A problem occurred with your fetch operation: ', error);
} finally {
setForm({ name: "", position: "", level: "" });
navigate("/");
}
}
// This following section will display the form that takes the input from the user.
return (
<>
<h3 className="text-lg font-semibold p-4">Create/Update Employee Record</h3>
<form
onSubmit={onSubmit}
className="border rounded-lg overflow-hidden p-4"
>
<div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-x-8 gap-y-10 border-b border-slate-900/10 pb-12 md:grid-cols-2">
<div>
<h2 className="text-base font-semibold leading-7 text-slate-900">
Employee Info
</h2>
<p className="mt-1 text-sm leading-6 text-slate-600">
This information will be displayed publicly so be careful what you
share.
</p>
</div>
<div className="grid max-w-2xl grid-cols-1 gap-x-6 gap-y-8 ">
<div className="sm:col-span-4">
<label
htmlFor="name"
className="block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900"
>
Name
</label>
<div className="mt-2">
<div className="flex rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 ring-inset ring-slate-300 focus-within:ring-2 focus-within:ring-inset focus-within:ring-indigo-600 sm:max-w-md">
<input
type="text"
name="name"
id="name"
className="block flex-1 border-0 bg-transparent py-1.5 pl-1 text-slate-900 placeholder:text-slate-400 focus:ring-0 sm:text-sm sm:leading-6"
placeholder="First Last"
value={form.name}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ name: e.target.value })}
/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div className="sm:col-span-4">
<label
htmlFor="position"
className="block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900"
>
Position
</label>
<div className="mt-2">
<div className="flex rounded-md shadow-sm ring-1 ring-inset ring-slate-300 focus-within:ring-2 focus-within:ring-inset focus-within:ring-indigo-600 sm:max-w-md">
<input
type="text"
name="position"
id="position"
className="block flex-1 border-0 bg-transparent py-1.5 pl-1 text-slate-900 placeholder:text-slate-400 focus:ring-0 sm:text-sm sm:leading-6"
placeholder="Developer Advocate"
value={form.position}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ position: e.target.value })}
/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<fieldset className="mt-4">
<legend className="sr-only">Position Options</legend>
<div className="space-y-4 sm:flex sm:items-center sm:space-x-10 sm:space-y-0">
<div className="flex items-center">
<input
id="positionIntern"
name="positionOptions"
type="radio"
value="Intern"
className="h-4 w-4 border-slate-300 text-slate-600 focus:ring-slate-600 cursor-pointer"
checked={form.level === "Intern"}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ level: e.target.value })}
/>
<label
htmlFor="positionIntern"
className="ml-3 block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900 mr-4"
>
Intern
</label>
<input
id="positionJunior"
name="positionOptions"
type="radio"
value="Junior"
className="h-4 w-4 border-slate-300 text-slate-600 focus:ring-slate-600 cursor-pointer"
checked={form.level === "Junior"}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ level: e.target.value })}
/>
<label
htmlFor="positionJunior"
className="ml-3 block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900 mr-4"
>
Junior
</label>
<input
id="positionSenior"
name="positionOptions"
type="radio"
value="Senior"
className="h-4 w-4 border-slate-300 text-slate-600 focus:ring-slate-600 cursor-pointer"
checked={form.level === "Senior"}
onChange={(e) => updateForm({ level: e.target.value })}
/>
<label
htmlFor="positionSenior"
className="ml-3 block text-sm font-medium leading-6 text-slate-900 mr-4"
>
Senior
</label>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<input
type="submit"
value="Save Employee Record"
className="inline-flex items-center justify-center whitespace-nowrap text-md font-medium ring-offset-background transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 border border-input bg-background hover:bg-slate-100 hover:text-accent-foreground h-9 rounded-md px-3 cursor-pointer mt-4"
/>
</form>
</>
);
}Now, we add the following to the src/App.jsx file.
// mern/client/src/App.jsx
import { Outlet } from "react-router-dom";
import Navbar from "./components/Navbar";
const App = () => {
return (
<div className="w-full p-6">
<Navbar />
<Outlet />
</div>
);
};
export default AppThis is our main layout component. Our Navbar will always be at the top of every page and the Outlet will accept the children components
we defined in our routes in the main.jsx file earlier.
We have completed creating components, connected our React app to the back end using fetch,
which provides cleaner and easier ways to handle http requests.
In Record.jsx, we appended the following code to the onSubmit(e) block.
When either a POST or PATCH request is sent to the URL, fetch will either add a new record to the database or update an existing record in the database.
// This function will handle the submission.
async function onSubmit(e) {
e.preventDefault();
const person = { ...form };
try {
// if the id is present, we will set the URL to /record/:id, otherwise we will set the URL to /record.
const response = await fetch(`http://localhost:5050/record${params.id ? "/"+params.id : ""}`, {
// if the id is present, we will use the PATCH method, otherwise we will use the POST method.
method: `${params.id ? "PATCH" : "POST"}`,
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify(person),
});
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
} catch (error) {
console.error('A problem occurred with your fetch operation: ', error);
} finally {
setForm({ name: "", position: "", level: "" });
navigate("/");
}
}We also placed the following block of code to Record.jsx beneath the constructor block in order to load an existing record,
if it exists.
useEffect(() => {
async function fetchData() {
const id = params.id?.toString() || undefined;
if(!id) return;
const response = await fetch(
`http://localhost:5050/record/${params.id.toString()}`
);
if (!response.ok) {
const message = `An error has occurred: ${response.statusText}`;
console.error(message);
return;
}
const record = await response.json();
if (!record) {
console.warn(`Record with id ${id} not found`);
navigate("/");
return;
}
setForm(record);
}
fetchData();
return;
}, [params.id, navigate]);Lastly, RecordList.jsx-
RecordList.jsx fetches the records from the database, so we will be using fetch's GET method to retrieve records from the database.
To achieve this, we added the following lines of code above the 'RecordList()' function in RecordList.jsx.
// This method fetches the records from the database.
useEffect(() => {
async function getRecords() {
const response = await fetch(`http://localhost:5050/record/`);
if (!response.ok) {
const message = `An error occurred: ${response.statusText}`;
console.error(message);
return;
}
const records = await response.json();
setRecords(records);
}
getRecords();
return;
}, [records.length]);- After closing everything, to start the app, follow the steps below.
- Ensure that the server app is still running. If it’s not, start it by executing the following command in the
server directory:
node --env-file=config.env server- In a new terminal, go to the
client directoryand run the command:
npm run devATLAS_URI=mongodb+srv://<username>:<password>@sandbox.jadwj.mongodb.net/
PORT=5050
cd mern/server
npm install
npm start
cd mern/client
npm install
npm run dev
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