pydata · dstansby · Jun 18, 2025
diff --git a/xarray/backends/zarr.py b/xarray/backends/zarr.py
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ def open_store(
     def open_group(
         cls,
         store,
-        mode: ZarrWriteModes = "r",
+        mode: ZarrWriteModes | None = None,
         synchronizer=None,
         group=None,
         consolidated=False,
@@ -1561,7 +1561,7 @@ def open_dataset(
         use_cftime=None,
         decode_timedelta=None,
         group=None,
-        mode="r",
+        mode=None,
         synchronizer=None,
         consolidated=None,
         chunk_store=None,
@@ -1746,6 +1746,9 @@ def _get_open_params(
         synchronizer=synchronizer,
         path=group,
     )
+    if mode is None:
+        # Let zarr-python use its default open mode
+        open_kwargs.pop("mode")
     open_kwargs["storage_options"] = storage_options
 
     zarr_format = _handle_zarr_version_or_format(

diff --git a/xarray/tests/test_array_api.py b/xarray/tests/test_array_api.py
    expected = np_arr + 7
    actual = xp_arr + 7
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 def test_aggregation(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
    expected = np_arr.sum()
    actual = xp_arr.sum()
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 def test_aggregation_skipna(arrays) -> None:
    expected = np_arr.sum(skipna=False)
    actual = xp_arr.sum(skipna=False)
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 # casting nan warns
    actual = xp_arr.astype(xp.int64)
    assert actual.dtype == xp.int64
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 def test_broadcast(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
    assert len(actual) == len(expected)
    for a, e in zip(actual, expected, strict=True):
        assert isinstance(a.data, Array)
        assert_equal(a, e)


 def test_broadcast_during_arithmetic(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
    expected = np_arr * np_arr2
    actual = xp_arr * xp_arr2
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)

    expected = np_arr2 * np_arr
    actual = xp_arr2 * xp_arr
    expected = xr.concat((np_arr, np_arr), dim="x")
    actual = xr.concat((xp_arr, xp_arr), dim="x")
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 def test_indexing(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
    expected = np_arr[:, 0]
    actual = xp_arr[:, 0]
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 def test_properties(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
    expected = np_arr.transpose()
    actual = xp_arr.transpose()
    assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
    assert_equal(actual, expected)


 def test_stack(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
diff --git a/xarray/tests/test_backends.py b/xarray/tests/test_backends.py
                    assert_identical(ds, expected)

    def test_non_existent_store(self) -> None:
        with pytest.raises(
            FileNotFoundError, match="(No such file or directory|Unable to find group)"
        ):
            xr.open_zarr(f"{uuid.uuid4()}")

    @pytest.mark.skipif(has_zarr_v3, reason="chunk_store not implemented in zarr v3")
    def test_with_chunkstore(self) -> None:
    def test_open_nczarr(self) -> None:
        with create_tmp_file(suffix=".zarr") as tmp:
            expected = self._create_nczarr(tmp)
            actual = xr.open_zarr(tmp, consolidated=False)
            assert_identical(expected, actual)

    def test_overwriting_nczarr(self) -> None:
diff --git a/xarray/coding/variables.py b/xarray/coding/variables.py
            # otherwise numpy unsigned ints will silently cast to the signed counterpart
            fill_value = fill_value.item()
        # passes if provided fill value fits in encoded on-disk type
        new_fill = encoded_dtype.type(fill_value)
    except OverflowError:
        encoded_kind_str = "signed" if encoded_dtype.kind == "i" else "unsigned"
        warnings.warn(
diff --git a/xarray/core/duck_array_ops.py b/xarray/core/duck_array_ops.py

    if xp == np:
        # numpy currently doesn't have a astype:
        return data.astype(dtype, **kwargs)
    return xp.astype(data, dtype, **kwargs)
	expected = np_arr + 7
	actual = xp_arr + 7
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 35 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 35 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 35 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 35 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 35 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 35 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_aggregation(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
	expected = np_arr.sum()
	actual = xp_arr.sum()
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 43 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_aggregation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 43 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_aggregation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 43 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_aggregation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 43 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_aggregation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 43 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_aggregation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 43 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_aggregation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_aggregation_skipna(arrays) -> None:
	expected = np_arr.sum(skipna=False)
	actual = xp_arr.sum(skipna=False)
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 51 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_aggregation_skipna TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 51 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_aggregation_skipna TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 51 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_aggregation_skipna TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 51 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_aggregation_skipna TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 51 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_aggregation_skipna TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 51 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_aggregation_skipna TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	# casting nan warns
	actual = xp_arr.astype(xp.int64)
	assert actual.dtype == xp.int64
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 62 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_astype TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 62 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_astype TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 62 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_astype TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 62 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_astype TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 62 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_astype TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 62 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_astype TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_broadcast(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
	assert len(actual) == len(expected)
	for a, e in zip(actual, expected, strict=True):
	assert isinstance(a.data, Array)
	assert_equal(a, e)
Check failure on line 75 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_broadcast TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 75 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_broadcast TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 75 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_broadcast TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 75 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_broadcast TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 75 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_broadcast TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 75 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_broadcast TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_broadcast_during_arithmetic(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
	expected = np_arr * np_arr2
	actual = xp_arr * xp_arr2
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 86 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_broadcast_during_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 86 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_broadcast_during_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 86 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_broadcast_during_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 86 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_broadcast_during_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 86 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_broadcast_during_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 86 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_broadcast_during_arithmetic TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`

	expected = np_arr2 * np_arr
	actual = xp_arr2 * xp_arr
	expected = xr.concat((np_arr, np_arr), dim="x")
	actual = xr.concat((xp_arr, xp_arr), dim="x")
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 99 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_concat TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 99 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_concat TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 99 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_concat TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 99 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_concat TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 99 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_concat TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 99 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_concat TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_indexing(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
	expected = np_arr[:, 0]
	actual = xp_arr[:, 0]
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 107 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_indexing TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 107 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_indexing TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 107 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_indexing TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 107 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_indexing TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 107 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_indexing TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 107 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_indexing TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_properties(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
	expected = np_arr.transpose()
	actual = xp_arr.transpose()
	assert isinstance(actual.data, Array)
	assert_equal(actual, expected)
Check failure on line 123 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `test_reorganizing_operation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 123 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `test_reorganizing_operation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 123 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 `test_reorganizing_operation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 123 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `test_reorganizing_operation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 123 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `test_reorganizing_operation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>` Check failure on line 123 in xarray/tests/test_array_api.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `test_reorganizing_operation TypeError: Expected Array or Python scalar; got <class 'numpy.ndarray'>`


	def test_stack(arrays: tuple[xr.DataArray, xr.DataArray]) -> None:
	assert_identical(ds, expected)

	def test_non_existent_store(self) -> None:
	with pytest.raises(
Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.12 all-but-dask `TestZarrDictStore.test_non_existent_store[3] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>` Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps `TestZarrWriteEmpty.test_non_existent_store[2] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>` Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps `TestZarrDirectoryStore.test_non_existent_store[2] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>` Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps `TestZarrDictStore.test_non_existent_store[2] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>` Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 all-but-numba `TestZarrWriteEmpty.test_non_existent_store[2] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>` Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.13 `TestZarrWriteEmpty.test_non_existent_store[2] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>` Check failure on line 2381 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.13 `TestZarrWriteEmpty.test_non_existent_store[2] Failed: DID NOT RAISE <class 'FileNotFoundError'>`
	FileNotFoundError, match="(No such file or directory\|Unable to find group)"
	):
	xr.open_zarr(f"{uuid.uuid4()}")
Check failure on line 2384 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 TestZarrWriteEmpty.test_non_existent_store[2] RuntimeWarning: Failed to open Zarr store with consolidated metadata, but successfully read with non-consolidated metadata. This is typically much slower for opening a dataset. To silence this warning, consider: 1. Consolidating metadata in this existing store with zarr.consolidate_metadata(). 2. Explicitly setting consolidated=False, to avoid trying to read consolidate metadata, or 3. Explicitly setting consolidated=True, to raise an error in this case instead of falling back to try reading non-consolidated metadata. Check failure on line 2384 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 TestZarrWriteEmpty.test_non_existent_store[2] RuntimeWarning: Failed to open Zarr store with consolidated metadata, but successfully read with non-consolidated metadata. This is typically much slower for opening a dataset. To silence this warning, consider: 1. Consolidating metadata in this existing store with zarr.consolidate_metadata(). 2. Explicitly setting consolidated=False, to avoid trying to read consolidate metadata, or 3. Explicitly setting consolidated=True, to raise an error in this case instead of falling back to try reading non-consolidated metadata.

	@pytest.mark.skipif(has_zarr_v3, reason="chunk_store not implemented in zarr v3")
	def test_with_chunkstore(self) -> None:
	def test_open_nczarr(self) -> None:
	with create_tmp_file(suffix=".zarr") as tmp:
	expected = self._create_nczarr(tmp)
	actual = xr.open_zarr(tmp, consolidated=False)
Check failure on line 6320 in xarray/tests/test_backends.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps TestNCZarr.test_open_nczarr KeyError: 'Zarr object is missing the attribute `_ARRAY_DIMENSIONS`, which is required for xarray to determine variable dimensions.'
	assert_identical(expected, actual)

	def test_overwriting_nczarr(self) -> None:
	# otherwise numpy unsigned ints will silently cast to the signed counterpart
	fill_value = fill_value.item()
	# passes if provided fill value fits in encoded on-disk type
	new_fill = encoded_dtype.type(fill_value)
Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows). Check warning on line 237 in xarray/coding/variables.py GitHub Actions / ubuntu-latest py3.10 min-all-deps NumPy will stop allowing conversion of out-of-bound Python integers to integer arrays. The conversion of 255 to int8 will fail in the future. For the old behavior, usually: np.array(value).astype(dtype)` will give the desired result (the cast overflows).
	except OverflowError:
	encoded_kind_str = "signed" if encoded_dtype.kind == "i" else "unsigned"
	warnings.warn(

	if xp == np:
	# numpy currently doesn't have a astype:
	return data.astype(dtype, **kwargs)
Check warning on line 253 in xarray/core/duck_array_ops.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `invalid value encountered in cast` Check warning on line 253 in xarray/core/duck_array_ops.py GitHub Actions / macos-latest py3.10 `invalid value encountered in cast`
	return xp.astype(data, dtype, **kwargs)