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Update docs on batteries.
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romainsacchi committed Jul 14, 2024
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618 changes: 615 additions & 3 deletions dev/Untitled1.ipynb
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30 changes: 15 additions & 15 deletions docs/extract.rst
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Expand Up @@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ Li-ion batteries
----------------
When using ecoinvent 3.8 as a database, *premise* imports new inventories for lithium-ion batteries.
NMC-111, NMC-6222 NMC-811 and NCA Lithium-ion battery inventories are originally
NMC-111, NMC-622 NMC-811 and NCA Lithium-ion battery inventories are originally
from Dai_ et al. 2019. They have been adapted to ecoinvent by Crenna_ et al, 2021.
LFP and LTO Lithium-ion battery inventories are from Schmidt_ et al. 2019.
Li-S (Lithium-sulfur) battery inventories are from Wickerts_ et al. 2023.
Expand All @@ -903,20 +903,20 @@ Ecoinvent provides also inventories for LMO (Lithium Maganese Oxide) batteries.
They introduce the following datasets:
========================================================== =========== ======================================
Battery components location source
========================================================== =========== ======================================
battery management system production, for Li-ion battery GLO Schmidt et al. 2019
battery cell production, Li-ion, NMC111 GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
battery cell production, Li-ion, NMC622 GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
battery cell production, Li-ion, NMC811 GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
battery cell production, Li-ion, NCA GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
battery cell production, Li-ion, LFP GLO Schmidt et al. 2019
battery cell production, Li-ion, LTO GLO Schmidt et al. 2019
battery cell production, Li-S GLO Wickerts et al. (2023)
battery cell production, Li-O2 GLO Wang et al. (2020)
battery cell production, SIB GLO Zhang et al. (2024)
========================================================== =========== ======================================
============================================================= =========== ======================================
Battery components location source
============================================================= =========== ======================================
battery management system production, for Li-ion battery GLO Schmidt et al. 2019
bmarket for battery, Li-ion, NMC111, rechargeable, prismatic GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
market for battery, Li-ion, NMC622, rechargeable, prismatic GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
market for battery, Li-ion, NMC811, rechargeable, prismatic GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
market for battery, Li-ion, NCA, rechargeable, prismatic GLO Dai et al. 2019, Crenna et al. 2021
market for battery, Li-ion, LFP, rechargeable, prismatic GLO Schmidt et al. 2019
market for battery cell, Li-ion, LTO GLO Schmidt et al. 2019
market for battery, Li-sulfur, Li-S GLO Wickerts et al. (2023)
market for battery, Li-oxygen, Li-O2 GLO Wang et al. (2020)
market for battery, Sodium-ion, SiB GLO Zhang et al. (2024)
============================================================= =========== ======================================
These battery inventories are mostly used by battery electric vehicles,
stationary energy storage systems, etc. (also imported by *premise*).
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49 changes: 34 additions & 15 deletions docs/transform.rst
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Expand Up @@ -8,25 +8,44 @@ Battery
"""""""

Inventories for several battery technologies are provided in *premise*.
See

*premise* adjusts the mass of battery packs throughout the database
to reflect progress in cell energy density.

| Battery Type | 2020 (kWh/kg) | 2050 Target (kWh/kg) |
|--------------|----------------------|----------------------|
| NMC111 | 0.150 | 0.200 |
| NMC622 | 0.200 | 0.350 |
| NMC811 | 0.220 | 0.500 |
| NCA | 0.280 | 0.350 |
| LFP | 0.140 | 0.250 |
| LTO | 0.080 | 0.150 |
| LMO | 0.130 | 0.200 |
| Li-O2 | 0.240 | 0.500 |
| BoP | 0.2 | 0.5 |
to reflect progress in specific energy density (kWh/kg cell).

The table below shows the **current** specific energy density of
different battery technologies.

| Type | Specific energy density (current) [kWh/kg cell] | BoP mass share [%] | Battery energy density [kWh/kg battery] | kg battery/kWh | kg CO2-eq./kWh |
|------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|
| Li-ion, NMC111, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.15 | 73% | 0.11 | 9.2 | 177 |
| Li-ion, NMC811, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.22 | 71% | 0.16 | 6.4 | 108 |
| Li-ion, NCA, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.25 | 71% | 0.18 | 5.6 | 100 |
| Li-ion, LFP, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.14 | 73% | 0.10 | 9.8 | 118 |
| Li-ion, LiMn2O4, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.13 | 80% | 0.10 | 9.6 | 92 |
| Li-ion, LTO | 0.08 | 75% | 0.06 | 16.7 | 430 |
| Li-sulfur, Li-S | 0.15 | 75% | 0.11 | 8.9 | 352 |
| Li-oxygen, Li-O2 | 0.31 | 64% | 0.20 | 5.1 | 125 |
| Sodium-ion, SiB | 0.16 | 75% | 0.12 | 8.5 | 72 |
And the table below shows the **projected** (2050) specific energy density of different
battery technologies.

| Type | Specific energy density (2050) [kWh/kg cell] | BoP mass share [%] | Battery energy density [kWh/kg battery] | kg battery/kWh |
|------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------|----------------|
| Li-ion, NMC111, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.2 | 73% | 0.15 | 6.9 |
| Li-ion, NMC811, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.5 | 71% | 0.36 | 2.8 |
| Li-ion, NCA, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.35 | 71% | 0.25 | 4.0 |
| Li-ion, LFP, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.25 | 73% | 0.18 | 5.5 |
| Li-ion, LiMn2O4, rechargeable, prismatic | 0.2 | 80% | 0.16 | 6.3 |
| Li-ion, LTO | 0.15 | 75% | 0.11 | 8.9 |
| Li-sulfur, Li-S | 0.5 | 75% | 0.38 | 2.7 |
| Li-oxygen, Li-O2 | 0.50 | 64% | 0.20 | 5.1 |
| Sodium-ion, SiB | 0.22 | 75% | 0.17 | 6.1 |
For example, in 2050, the mass of NMC811 batteries (cells and Balance of Plant) is expected to
be 2.3 times lower.
The report of changes will show the new mass of battery packs in the database.
be 0.5/0.22 = 2.3 times lower. The report of changes will show the new mass
of battery packs in the database.

The target values used for scaling can be modified by the user.
The YAML file is located in the premise/data/battery/energy_density.yaml.
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28 changes: 22 additions & 6 deletions premise/data/battery/energy_density.yaml
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Expand Up @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ NCA:
- market for battery cell, Li-ion, NCA
- market for battery, Li-ion, NCA, rechargeable, prismatic
target:
2020: 0.280
2020: 0.250
2050: 0.350

LFP:
Expand All @@ -48,7 +48,9 @@ LFP:

LTO:
ecoinvent_aliases:
name: market for battery cell, Li-ion, LTO
name:
- market for battery cell, Li-ion, LTO
- market for battery, Li-ion, LTO
target:
2020: 0.080
2050: 0.150
Expand All @@ -67,12 +69,26 @@ Li-O2:
ecoinvent_aliases:
name: market for battery, Li-oxygen, Li-O2
target:
2020: 0.24
2050: 0.50
2020: 0.240
2050: 0.500

Li-S:
ecoinvent_aliases:
name: market for battery, Li-sulfur, Li-S
target:
2020: 0.150
2050: 0.500

SiB:
ecoinvent_aliases:
name: market for battery, Sodium-ion, SiB
target:
2020: 0.160
2050: 0.220

BoP:
ecoinvent_aliases:
name: market for battery management system
target:
2020: 0.2
2050: 0.5
2020: 0.200
2050: 0.500

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