8343191: Cgroup v1 subsystem fails to set subsystem path

src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupUtil_linux.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2024, Red Hat, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, 2025, Red Hat, Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -49,20 +49,27 @@ int CgroupUtil::processor_count(CgroupCpuController* cpu_ctrl, int host_cpus) {
 }
 
 void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupMemoryController* mem) {
+  assert(mem->cgroup_path() != nullptr, "invariant");
+  if (strstr(mem->cgroup_path(), "../") != nullptr) {
+    log_warning(os, container)("Cgroup memory controller path at '%s' seems to have moved to '%s', detected limits won't be accurate",
+      mem->mount_point(), mem->cgroup_path());
+    mem->set_subsystem_path("/");
+    return;
+  }
   if (!mem->needs_hierarchy_adjustment()) {
     // nothing to do
     return;
   }
   log_trace(os, container)("Adjusting controller path for memory: %s", mem->subsystem_path());
-  assert(mem->cgroup_path() != nullptr, "invariant");
   char* orig = os::strdup(mem->cgroup_path());
   char* cg_path = os::strdup(orig);
   char* last_slash;
   assert(cg_path[0] == '/', "cgroup path must start with '/'");
   julong phys_mem = os::Linux::physical_memory();
   char* limit_cg_path = nullptr;
   jlong limit = mem->read_memory_limit_in_bytes(phys_mem);
-  jlong lowest_limit = phys_mem;
+  jlong lowest_limit = limit < 0 ? phys_mem : limit;
+  julong orig_limit = ((julong)lowest_limit) != phys_mem ? lowest_limit : phys_mem;
   while ((last_slash = strrchr(cg_path, '/')) != cg_path) {
     *last_slash = '\0'; // strip path
     // update to shortened path and try again
@@ -83,7 +90,7 @@ void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupMemoryController* mem) {
     limit_cg_path = os::strdup("/");
   }
   assert(lowest_limit >= 0, "limit must be positive");
-  if ((julong)lowest_limit != phys_mem) {
+  if ((julong)lowest_limit != orig_limit) {
     // we've found a lower limit anywhere in the hierarchy,
     // set the path to the limit path
     assert(limit_cg_path != nullptr, "limit path must be set");
@@ -93,6 +100,7 @@ void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupMemoryController* mem) {
                              mem->subsystem_path(),
                              lowest_limit);
   } else {
+    log_trace(os, container)("Lowest limit was: " JLONG_FORMAT, lowest_limit);
     log_trace(os, container)("No lower limit found for memory in hierarchy %s, "
                              "adjusting to original path %s",
                               mem->mount_point(), orig);
@@ -104,19 +112,26 @@ void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupMemoryController* mem) {
 }
 
 void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupCpuController* cpu) {
+  assert(cpu->cgroup_path() != nullptr, "invariant");
+  if (strstr(cpu->cgroup_path(), "../") != nullptr) {
+    log_warning(os, container)("Cgroup cpu controller path at '%s' seems to have moved to '%s', detected limits won't be accurate",
+      cpu->mount_point(), cpu->cgroup_path());
+    cpu->set_subsystem_path("/");
+    return;
+  }
   if (!cpu->needs_hierarchy_adjustment()) {
     // nothing to do
     return;
   }
   log_trace(os, container)("Adjusting controller path for cpu: %s", cpu->subsystem_path());
-  assert(cpu->cgroup_path() != nullptr, "invariant");
   char* orig = os::strdup(cpu->cgroup_path());
   char* cg_path = os::strdup(orig);
   char* last_slash;
   assert(cg_path[0] == '/', "cgroup path must start with '/'");
   int host_cpus = os::Linux::active_processor_count();
   int cpus = CgroupUtil::processor_count(cpu, host_cpus);
-  int lowest_limit = host_cpus;
+  int lowest_limit = cpus < host_cpus ? cpus: host_cpus;
+  int orig_limit = lowest_limit != host_cpus ? lowest_limit : host_cpus;
   char* limit_cg_path = nullptr;
   while ((last_slash = strrchr(cg_path, '/')) != cg_path) {
     *last_slash = '\0'; // strip path
@@ -138,7 +153,7 @@ void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupCpuController* cpu) {
     limit_cg_path = os::strdup(cg_path);
   }
   assert(lowest_limit >= 0, "limit must be positive");
-  if (lowest_limit != host_cpus) {
+  if (lowest_limit != orig_limit) {
     // we've found a lower limit anywhere in the hierarchy,
     // set the path to the limit path
     assert(limit_cg_path != nullptr, "limit path must be set");
@@ -148,6 +163,7 @@ void CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(CgroupCpuController* cpu) {
                              cpu->subsystem_path(),
                              lowest_limit);
   } else {
+    log_trace(os, container)("Lowest limit was: %d", lowest_limit);
     log_trace(os, container)("No lower limit found for cpu in hierarchy %s, "
                              "adjusting to original path %s",
                               cpu->mount_point(), orig);

src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupV1Subsystem_linux.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2019, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -37,6 +37,47 @@
 /*
  * Set directory to subsystem specific files based
  * on the contents of the mountinfo and cgroup files.
+ *
+ * The method determines whether it runs in
+ * - host mode
+ * - container mode
+ *
+ * In the host mode, _root is equal to "/" and
+ * the subsystem path is equal to the _mount_point path
+ * joined with cgroup_path.
+ *
+ * In the container mode, it can be two possibilities:
+ * - private namespace (cgroupns=private)
+ * - host namespace (cgroupns=host, default mode in cgroup V1 hosts)
+ *
+ * Private namespace is equivalent to the host mode, i.e.
+ * the subsystem path is set by concatenating
+ * _mount_point and cgroup_path.
+ *
+ * In the host namespace, _root is equal to host's cgroup path
+ * of the control group to which the containerized process
+ * belongs to at the moment of creation. The mountinfo and
+ * cgroup files are mirrored from the host, while the subsystem
+ * specific files are mapped directly at _mount_point, i.e.
+ * at /sys/fs/cgroup/<controller>/, the subsystem path is
+ * then set equal to _mount_point.
+ *
+ * A special case of the subsystem path is when a cgroup path
+ * includes a subgroup, when a containerized process was associated
+ * with an existing cgroup, that is different from cgroup
+ * in which the process has been created.
+ * Here, the _root is equal to the host's initial cgroup path,
+ * cgroup_path will be equal to host's new cgroup path.
+ * As host cgroup hierarchies are not accessible in the container,
+ * it needs to be determined which part of cgroup path
+ * is accessible inside container, i.e. mapped under
+ * /sys/fs/cgroup/<controller>/<subgroup>.
+ * In Docker default setup, host's cgroup path can be
+ * of the form: /docker/<CONTAINER_ID>/<subgroup>,
+ * from which only <subgroup> is mapped.
+ * The method trims cgroup path from left, until the subgroup
+ * component is found. The subsystem path will be set to
+ * the _mount_point joined with the subgroup path.
  */
 void CgroupV1Controller::set_subsystem_path(const char* cgroup_path) {
   if (_cgroup_path != nullptr) {
@@ -49,28 +90,36 @@ void CgroupV1Controller::set_subsystem_path(const char* cgroup_path) {
   _cgroup_path = os::strdup(cgroup_path);
   stringStream ss;
   if (_root != nullptr && cgroup_path != nullptr) {
+    ss.print_raw(_mount_point);
     if (strcmp(_root, "/") == 0) {
-      ss.print_raw(_mount_point);
+      // host processes and containers with cgroupns=private
       if (strcmp(cgroup_path,"/") != 0) {
         ss.print_raw(cgroup_path);
       }
-      _path = os::strdup(ss.base());
     } else {
-      if (strcmp(_root, cgroup_path) == 0) {
-        ss.print_raw(_mount_point);
-        _path = os::strdup(ss.base());
-      } else {
-        char *p = strstr((char*)cgroup_path, _root);
-        if (p != nullptr && p == _root) {
-          if (strlen(cgroup_path) > strlen(_root)) {
-            ss.print_raw(_mount_point);
-            const char* cg_path_sub = cgroup_path + strlen(_root);
-            ss.print_raw(cg_path_sub);
-            _path = os::strdup(ss.base());
+      // containers with cgroupns=host, default setting is _root==cgroup_path
+      if (strcmp(_root, cgroup_path) != 0) {
+        if (*cgroup_path != '\0' && strcmp(cgroup_path, "/") != 0) {
+          // When moved to a subgroup, between subgroups, the path suffix will change.
+          const char *suffix = cgroup_path;
+          while (suffix != nullptr) {
+            stringStream pp;
+            pp.print_raw(_mount_point);
+            pp.print_raw(suffix);
+            if (os::file_exists(pp.base())) {
+              ss.print_raw(suffix);
+              if (suffix != cgroup_path) {
+                log_trace(os, container)("set_subsystem_path: cgroup v1 path reduced to: %s.", suffix);
+              }
+              break;
+            }
+            log_trace(os, container)("set_subsystem_path: skipped non-existent directory: %s.", suffix);
+            suffix = strchr(suffix + 1, '/');
           }
         }
       }
     }
+    _path = os::strdup(ss.base());
   }
 }
 

src/hotspot/os/linux/cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2020, 2022, Red Hat Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, 2025, Red Hat Inc.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -283,6 +283,10 @@ jlong memory_swap_limit_value(CgroupV2Controller* ctrl) {
 }
 
 void CgroupV2Controller::set_subsystem_path(const char* cgroup_path) {
+  if (_cgroup_path != nullptr) {
+    os::free(_cgroup_path);
+  }
+  _cgroup_path = os::strdup(cgroup_path);
   if (_path != nullptr) {
     os::free(_path);
   }

src/java.base/linux/classes/jdk/internal/platform/cgroupv1/CgroupV1SubsystemController.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
 
 package jdk.internal.platform.cgroupv1;
 
+import java.lang.System.Logger.Level;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
 import jdk.internal.platform.CgroupSubsystem;
 import jdk.internal.platform.CgroupSubsystemController;
 
@@ -44,27 +47,36 @@ public CgroupV1SubsystemController(String root, String mountPoint) {
 
     public void setPath(String cgroupPath) {
         if (root != null && cgroupPath != null) {
+            String path = mountPoint;
             if (root.equals("/")) {
+                // host processes and containers with cgroupns=private
                 if (!cgroupPath.equals("/")) {
-                    path = mountPoint + cgroupPath;
+                    path += cgroupPath;
                 }
-                else {
-                    path = mountPoint;
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                if (root.equals(cgroupPath)) {
-                    path = mountPoint;
-                }
-                else {
-                    if (cgroupPath.startsWith(root)) {
-                        if (cgroupPath.length() > root.length()) {
-                            String cgroupSubstr = cgroupPath.substring(root.length());
-                            path = mountPoint + cgroupSubstr;
+            } else {
+                // containers with cgroupns=host, default setting is _root==cgroup_path
+                if (!cgroupPath.equals(root)) {
+                    if (!cgroupPath.equals("") && !cgroupPath.equals("/")) {
+                        // When moved to a subgroup, between subgroups, the path suffix will change.
+                        Path cgp = Path.of(cgroupPath);
+                        int nameCount = cgp.getNameCount();
+                        for (int i=0; i < nameCount; i++) {
+                            Path dir = Path.of(mountPoint, cgp.toString());
+                            if (Files.isDirectory(dir)) {
+                                path = dir.toString();
+                                if (i > 0) {
+                                    System.getLogger("jdk.internal.platform").log(Level.DEBUG, String.format(
+                                            "Cgroup v1 path reduced to: %s.", cgp));
+                                }
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            int currentNameCount = cgp.getNameCount();
+                            cgp = (currentNameCount > 1) ? cgp.subpath(1, currentNameCount) : Path.of("");
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
+            this.path = path;
         }
     }
 

test/hotspot/gtest/runtime/test_cgroupSubsystem_linux.cpp

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
 #include "cgroupSubsystem_linux.hpp"
+#include "cgroupUtil_linux.hpp"
 #include "cgroupV1Subsystem_linux.hpp"
 #include "cgroupV2Subsystem_linux.hpp"
 #include "unittest.hpp"
@@ -434,9 +435,16 @@ TEST(cgroupTest, set_cgroupv1_subsystem_path) {
     "/user.slice/user-1000.slice/[email protected]", // cgroup_path
     "/sys/fs/cgroup/mem"                             // expected_path
   };
-  int length = 2;
+  TestCase container_moving_cgroup = {
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct",                                            // mount_path
+    "/system.slice/garden.service/garden/good/2f57368b-0eda-4e52-64d8-af5c", // root_path
+    "/system.slice/garden.service/garden/bad/2f57368b-0eda-4e52-64d8-af5c",  // cgroup_path
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct"                                             // expected_path
+  };
+  int length = 3;
   TestCase* testCases[] = { &host,
-                            &container_engine };
+                            &container_engine,
+                            &container_moving_cgroup };
   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
     CgroupV1Controller* ctrl = new CgroupV1Controller( (char*)testCases[i]->root_path,
                                                        (char*)testCases[i]->mount_path,
@@ -446,6 +454,72 @@ TEST(cgroupTest, set_cgroupv1_subsystem_path) {
   }
 }
 
+TEST(cgroupTest, set_cgroupv1_subsystem_path_adjusted) {
+  TestCase memory = {
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory", // mount_path
+    "/",                     // root_path
+    "../test1",              // cgroup_path
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory"  // expected_path
+  };
+  TestCase cpu = {
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup/cpu", // mount_path
+    "/",                  // root_path
+    "../../test2",        // cgroup_path
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup/cpu"  // expected_path
+  };
+  CgroupCpuController* ccc = new CgroupV1CpuController(CgroupV1Controller((char*)cpu.root_path,
+                                                                          (char*)cpu.mount_path,
+                                                                          true /* read-only mount */));
+  ccc->set_subsystem_path((char*)cpu.cgroup_path);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ccc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+
+  CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(ccc);
+  ASSERT_STREQ(cpu.expected_path, ccc->subsystem_path());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(ccc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+
+  CgroupMemoryController* cmc = new CgroupV1MemoryController(CgroupV1Controller((char*)memory.root_path,
+                                                                                (char*)memory.mount_path,
+                                                                                true /* read-only mount */));
+  cmc->set_subsystem_path((char*)memory.cgroup_path);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cmc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+
+  CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(cmc);
+  ASSERT_STREQ(memory.expected_path, cmc->subsystem_path());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cmc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+}
+
+TEST(cgroupTest, set_cgroupv2_subsystem_path_adjusted) {
+  TestCase memory = {
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup", // mount_path
+    "/",              // root_path
+    "../test1",       // cgroup_path
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup"  // expected_path
+  };
+  TestCase cpu = {
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup", // mount_path
+    "/",              // root_path
+    "../../test2",    // cgroup_path
+    "/sys/fs/cgroup"  // expected_path
+  };
+  CgroupCpuController* ccc = new CgroupV2CpuController(CgroupV2Controller((char*)cpu.mount_path,
+                                                                          (char*)cpu.cgroup_path,
+                                                                          true /* read-only mount */));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ccc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+
+  CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(ccc);
+  ASSERT_STREQ(cpu.expected_path, ccc->subsystem_path());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(ccc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+
+  CgroupMemoryController* cmc = new CgroupV2MemoryController(CgroupV2Controller((char*)memory.mount_path,
+                                                                                (char*)memory.cgroup_path,
+                                                                                true /* read-only mount */));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cmc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+
+  CgroupUtil::adjust_controller(cmc);
+  ASSERT_STREQ(memory.expected_path, cmc->subsystem_path());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cmc->needs_hierarchy_adjustment());
+}
+
 TEST(cgroupTest, set_cgroupv2_subsystem_path) {
   TestCase at_mount_root = {
     "/sys/fs/cgroup",       // mount_path