Home automation with Raspberry PI

Home automation with Raspberry PI 3, Node JS, Raspbian OS & ms-gpio.js

Setup

Hardware

1. Raspberry Pi 3 model B, with at least 16gb memory card which must be preloaded with Raspbian OS. For installing Raspbian OS on memory card, you can refer to [this website] (https://www.raspberrypi.org/learning/software-guide/quickstart)
2. 5V 10A 2 Channel Relay Module
   
   Relay switch shown in the above picture is a two channel relay module, only two electrical devices can be controlled with this. For controlling more devices, you can go for 4,6 or 8 channel relay switch
   
3. Circuit creation, each device is controlled by set of GPIO pins & relay switch channel. Depending upon the number of electrical devices we want to control, those many number of GPIO pin must be connected to a channel/input on a relay switch. Next step is to create a circuit between relay switch and electrical device, this can be done by keeping the live current passing as in input, with output coming from relay switch to the electrical device.
   Below circuit diagram, shows a connection between Raspberry PI 3, Relay Switch and an Electrical Appliance

Please note, how we have created circuit between **relay switch** and an **electrical appliance**. You need to ensure that the **live current wire** from the plug goes directly into the relay switch **Common/Middle** electrical contact; and it comes out **either** from **Normally Connected** or **Normally Open** electrical contact, but not both at the same time. Also **neutral wire** from the plug must be directly connected to the electrical appliance.

Default GPIO Pin & device Mapping

1. Note: While interacting with the GPIO pin, Raspberry Pi(BOARD/physical) pin number must be passed. Please see this page for more details
2. Each device is controlled by a specific GPIO pin, hence configuration of the electrical device and pin mapping must be done in advance
3. Current application shows a demo which can work with 4 devices, but it can be extended to more appliances
4. GPIO pin mapping of 4 devices are given as follows:

• Physical Pin 15 maps to GPIO22 => fan
• Physical Pin 16 maps to GPIO23 => bulb
• Physical Pin 18 maps to GPIO24 => washer
• Physical Pin 19 maps to GPIO10 => tv
  
  As shown in the above picture, we are always going to control the GPIO by using it physical number highlighted in the middle using circle

Software

1. Node.js
2. MS-GPIO node module
3. HTML5/Bootstrap
4. Linux/Rasbian
5. Putty, can be used for remotely connecting terminal session with Raspberry PI
6. Raspberry PI Static IP : Assign static IP 192.168.0.7 to the Raspberry PI device. smarthome application can then be accessed with the fixed IP from any device within LAN

Access Rights

1. Super/root user privileges

Running the project

1. Start your Raspberry PI device
2. To work with Raspberry PI , you need to have a super user access, sudo -i command can be used for the same
3. Navigate to the Desktop folder, clone/download this project in your Raspberry PI device

cd /home/pi/Desktop
  
git clone https://github.com/mayankmania/smarthome.git

4. Run the following command in the order given.

Navigate to the smarthome folder

cd /home/pi/Desktop/smarthome

Run below command to install npm packages required for this project

npm install

Run below command to run the application

node index.js

If everything works well, your application must be hosted locally on 9000 port 5. From any device(mobile/PC) which is connected to same LAN as Raspberry device, enter http://192.168.0.7:9000 in the browser. It should present a HTML based UI, which will provide you a list of devices along with their current status(running/stopped). You can now control each device by clicking on the play and stop button provided in front of each device

Mobile View



Desktop View

Smarthome in action