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import os | ||
from pathlib import Path | ||
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed | ||
import timeit | ||
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def list_tree_os_walk(directory): | ||
res = [] | ||
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory): | ||
for name in files: | ||
res.append(os.path.join(root, name)) | ||
return res | ||
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def list_tree_os_scandir(directory): | ||
stack = [directory] | ||
files = [] | ||
while stack: | ||
current_dir = stack.pop() | ||
with os.scandir(current_dir) as it: | ||
for entry in it: | ||
if entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False): | ||
stack.append(entry.path) | ||
files.append(entry.path) | ||
return files | ||
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def list_tree_pathlib(directory): | ||
return [str(path) for path in Path(directory).rglob('*')] | ||
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def list_tree_concurrent(directory): | ||
def scan_dir(path): | ||
entries = [] | ||
with os.scandir(path) as it: | ||
for entry in it: | ||
entries.append(entry.path) | ||
return entries | ||
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all_files = [] | ||
with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor: | ||
futures = [executor.submit(scan_dir, directory)] | ||
while futures: | ||
future = futures.pop() | ||
for entry in future.result(): | ||
all_files.append(entry) | ||
if os.path.isdir(entry): | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(scan_dir, entry)) | ||
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return all_files | ||
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# Define the directory to be scanned - change to a directory with many files | ||
directory = 'c:\\temp' | ||
runs = 2 | ||
# Measure performance | ||
time_os_walk = timeit.timeit(lambda: list_tree_os_walk(directory), number=runs) | ||
time_os_scandir = timeit.timeit(lambda: list_tree_os_scandir(directory), number=runs) | ||
time_pathlib = timeit.timeit(lambda: list_tree_pathlib(directory), number=runs) | ||
time_concurrent = timeit.timeit(lambda: list_tree_concurrent(directory), number=runs) | ||
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# Print results | ||
print(f"os.walk: {time_os_walk} seconds") | ||
print(f"os.scandir: {time_os_scandir} seconds") | ||
print(f"pathlib.Path.rglob: {time_pathlib} seconds") | ||
print(f"concurrent.futures: {time_concurrent} seconds") | ||
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# Sample output: | ||
# os.walk: 0.4717858000076376 seconds | ||
# os.scandir: 0.21429039997747168 seconds | ||
# pathlib.Path.rglob: 0.7339643999875989 seconds | ||
# concurrent.futures: 1.269670200010296 seconds |
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import os | ||
import time | ||
import concurrent.futures | ||
from pathlib import Path | ||
import timeit | ||
from collections import deque | ||
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class FileInformation: | ||
def __init__(self, path, size, modified_time, created_time): | ||
self.path = path | ||
self.size = size | ||
self.modified_time = modified_time | ||
self.created_time = created_time | ||
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def __repr__(self): | ||
return (f"FileInformation(path={self.path}, size={self.size}, modified_time={self.modified_time}, " | ||
f"created_time={self.created_time})") | ||
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def get_files_and_stats(file_path): | ||
files_stats = [] | ||
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(file_path): | ||
for f in files: | ||
file_path = os.path.join(root, f) | ||
stats = os.stat(file_path) | ||
file_info = { | ||
'path': file_path, | ||
'size': stats.st_size, | ||
'modified_time': stats.st_mtime, # time.ctime(stats.st_mtime) if you want to convert to string | ||
'created_time': stats.st_ctime # time.ctime(stats.st_ctime) if you want to convert to string | ||
} | ||
files_stats.append(file_info) | ||
return files_stats | ||
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def get_file_info_generic(file_path): | ||
stats = os.stat(file_path) | ||
return { | ||
'path': file_path, | ||
'size': stats.st_size, | ||
'modified_time': stats.st_mtime, # time.ctime(stats.st_mtime) if you want to convert to string | ||
'created_time': stats.st_ctime # time.ctime(stats.st_ctime) if you want to convert to string | ||
} | ||
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def get_file_info_as_class(file_path): | ||
stats = os.stat(file_path) | ||
return FileInformation( | ||
path=file_path, | ||
size=stats.st_size, | ||
modified_time=time.ctime(stats.st_mtime), | ||
created_time=time.ctime(stats.st_ctime) | ||
) | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v2_oswalk_tpe_generic(directory): | ||
files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory): | ||
for file in files: | ||
file_path = os.path.join(root, file) | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_generic, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v3_oswalk_tpe_class(directory): | ||
files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory): | ||
for file in files: | ||
file_path = os.path.join(root, file) | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_as_class, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v4_oswalk_ppe_class(directory): | ||
files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory): | ||
root_path = Path(root) | ||
for file in files: | ||
file_path = root_path / file | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_as_class, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v5_oswalk_tpe_workers_class(directory, max_workers=16): | ||
files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers if max_workers else None) as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory): | ||
root_path = Path(root) | ||
for file in files: | ||
file_path = root_path / file | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_as_class, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v6_scandir_tpe_stack_class(directory): | ||
def list_tree_os_scandir(directory): | ||
stack = [directory] | ||
while stack: | ||
current_dir = stack.pop() | ||
try: | ||
with os.scandir(current_dir) as it: | ||
for entry in it: | ||
if entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False): | ||
stack.append(entry.path) | ||
else: | ||
yield entry.path | ||
except PermissionError: | ||
continue | ||
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files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for file_path in list_tree_os_scandir(directory): | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_as_class, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v7_scandir_tpe_stack_generic(directory, max_workers=8): | ||
def list_tree_os_scandir(directory): | ||
stack = [directory] | ||
while stack: | ||
current_dir = stack.pop() | ||
try: | ||
with os.scandir(current_dir) as it: | ||
for entry in it: | ||
if entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False): | ||
stack.append(entry.path) | ||
else: | ||
yield entry.path | ||
except PermissionError: | ||
continue | ||
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files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for file_path in list_tree_os_scandir(directory): | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_generic, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def get_files_and_stats_v8_scandir_tpe_deque_generic(directory, max_workers=8): | ||
def list_tree_os_scandir_bfs(directory): | ||
queue = deque([directory]) | ||
while queue: | ||
current_dir = queue.popleft() | ||
try: | ||
with os.scandir(current_dir) as it: | ||
for entry in it: | ||
if entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False): | ||
queue.append(entry.path) | ||
else: | ||
yield entry.path | ||
except PermissionError: | ||
print(f"Access is denied: '{current_dir}'") | ||
continue | ||
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files_stats = [] | ||
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor: | ||
futures = [] | ||
for file_path in list_tree_os_scandir_bfs(directory): | ||
futures.append(executor.submit(get_file_info_generic, file_path)) | ||
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for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures): | ||
files_stats.append(future.result()) | ||
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return files_stats | ||
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def compare_performance(directory, iterations=5): | ||
durations_v2 = [] | ||
durations_v3 = [] | ||
durations_v6 = [] | ||
durations_v7 = [] | ||
durations_v8 = [] | ||
original_durations = [] | ||
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for _ in range(iterations): | ||
original_durations.append(timeit.timeit(lambda: get_files_and_stats(directory), number=1)) | ||
durations_v2.append(timeit.timeit(lambda: get_files_and_stats_v2_oswalk_tpe_generic(directory), number=1)) | ||
durations_v3.append(timeit.timeit(lambda: get_files_and_stats_v3_oswalk_tpe_class(directory), number=1)) | ||
durations_v6.append(timeit.timeit(lambda: get_files_and_stats_v6_scandir_tpe_stack_class(directory), number=1)) | ||
durations_v7.append(timeit.timeit(lambda: get_files_and_stats_v7_scandir_tpe_stack_generic(directory), number=1)) | ||
durations_v8.append(timeit.timeit(lambda: get_files_and_stats_v8_scandir_tpe_deque_generic(directory), number=1)) | ||
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# Candidate for the best result | ||
avg_original_duration = sum(original_durations) / iterations | ||
avg_optimized_duration_v2 = sum(durations_v2) / iterations | ||
avg_optimized_duration_v3 = sum(durations_v3) / iterations | ||
avg_optimized_duration_v6 = sum(durations_v6) / iterations | ||
avg_optimized_duration_v7 = sum(durations_v7) / iterations | ||
avg_optimized_duration_v8 = sum(durations_v8) / iterations | ||
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print(f"Average original function duration: {avg_original_duration:.2f} seconds") | ||
print(f"Average function v2 (oswalk, tpe, generic) duration: {avg_optimized_duration_v2:.2f} seconds") | ||
print(f"Average function v3 (oswalk, tpe, class) duration: {avg_optimized_duration_v3:.2f} seconds") | ||
print(f"Average function v6 (scandir, tpe, stack, class) duration: {avg_optimized_duration_v6:.2f} seconds") | ||
print(f"Average function v7 (scandir, tpe, stack, generic) duration: {avg_optimized_duration_v7:.2f} seconds") | ||
print(f"Average function v8 (scandir, tpe, deque, generic) duration: {avg_optimized_duration_v8:.2f} seconds") | ||
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if __name__ == "__main__": | ||
test_directory = "DEFINE DIRECTORY_FOR_TESTING" | ||
compare_performance(test_directory, 3) | ||
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sample_output = False | ||
if sample_output: | ||
res = get_files_and_stats_v8_scandir_tpe_deque_generic(test_directory) | ||
for file_res in res: | ||
print(file_res) |