Rewritten the references in a proper way. Added two new functions to …

…plot a biadjacency matrix.

DESCRIPTION

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
-Package: RKS
+Package: ReKS
 Type: Package
 Title: Regional Knowledge Space
-Version: 0.2.6
+Version: 0.2.9
 Authors@R: person("Carlo", "Bottai", 
     email = "[email protected]", 
     role = c("aut", "cre"))
 Maintainer: Carlo Bottai <[email protected]>
-Description: By the moment RKS ("rocks") provides four nice functions.
+Description: By the moment ReKS (``rex'') provides four functions.
     The first computes the entropy of a given array and implement an 
     algoritm able to decompose it into between and within group entropy 
-    (aka unrelated and related variety). The second calculates the 
-    Coherence Index. The third and the fourth yield the ECI and the 
-    Fitness/Complexity, respectively. In the future how knows?!
-URL: https://github.com/n3ssuno/RKS
-BugReports: https://github.com/n3ssuno/RKS/issues
+    (aka Unrelated and Related Variety, respectively). The second calculates 
+    the Coherence Index. The third and the fourth yield the ECI and the 
+    Fitness of a region, respectively.
+URL: https://github.com/n3ssuno/ReKS
+BugReports: https://github.com/n3ssuno/ReKS/issues
 License: GPL-3 + file LICENSE
 Encoding: UTF-8
 RoxygenNote: 6.0.1

NAMESPACE

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 exportPattern("^[^\\.]")
 # exportPattern("^[[:alpha:]]+")
+S3method(plot, rks_biadj_matrix)
+
 importFrom("stats", "complete.cases", "formula", "cor", "quantile")
 importFrom("graphics", "plot", "image", "box")

R/ReKS.R

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#' ReKS: A package for computating some measure about the knowledge space
+#' of a economic region.
+#'
+#' @section ReKS functions:
+#' \itemize{
+#' \item{\code{\link{entropy}}}
+#' \item{\code{\link{entropy_decomposition}}}
+#' \item{\code{\link{entropy_decomposition_panel}}}
+#' \item{\code{\link{coherence}}}
+#' \item{\code{\link{coherence_panel}}}
+#' \item{\code{\link{complexity}}}
+#' \item{\code{\link{fitness}}}
+#' }
+#'
+#' @docType package
+#' @name ReKS
+NULL

R/coherence.R

@@ -15,21 +15,32 @@
 #' You can use it both on a panel data set (if you identify also a column with
 #' a temporal indication of the observations) or on cross-section data (by
 #' leaveing the parameter just said as NULL).
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Teece, Rumelt, Dosi and Winter (1994) 'Understanding Corporate
-#' Coherence: Theory and Evidence', \emph{Journal of Economic Behavior \&
-#' Organization}, 23, 1-30;}
-#' \item{Nesta and Saviotti (2005) 'Coherence of the Knowledge Base and the
+#'
+#' @references
+#' Teece, Rumelt, Dosi and Winter (1994) ``Understanding Corporate
+#' Coherence: Theory and Evidence'', \emph{Journal of Economic Behavior &
+#' Organization}, 23, 1-30;
+#'
+#' Nesta and Saviotti (2005) ``Coherence of the Knowledge Base and the
 #' Firm's Innovative Performance: Evidence from the U.S. Pharmaceutical
-#' Industry', \emph{Journal of Industrial Economics}, 53, 123-142;}
-#' \item{Nesta and Saviotti (2006) 'Firm Knowledge and Market Value in
-#' Biotechnology', \emph{Industrial and Corporate Change}, 15, 625-652;}
-#' \item{Quatraro (2010) 'Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
-#' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
-#' 1289-1302.}
+#' Industry'', \emph{Journal of Industrial Economics}, 53, 123-142;
+#'
+#' Nesta and Saviotti (2006) ``Firm Knowledge and Market Value in
+#' Biotechnology'', \emph{Industrial and Corporate Change}, 15, 625-652;
+#'
+#' Bottazzi and Pirino (2010) ``Measuring Industry Relatedness and
+#' Corporate Coherence'', \emph{SSRN Electronic Journal}, 11, 1--24;
+#'
+#' Quatraro (2010) ``Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
+#' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions'', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
+#' 1289-1302;
+#'
+#' Rocchetta and Mina (2017), ``Technological Coherence and the Adaptive
+#' Resilience of Regional Economies'', \emph{Papers in Evolutionary Economic
+#' Geography}, Utrecht University.
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
 #'
-#' }
 #' @param data It is expected to be a dataframe in "long" format.
 #' @param geo_dim It is the name of the column of the data.frame that
 #' represents its geographical dimension (e.g., the different regions of
@@ -47,6 +58,7 @@
 #' name of the columns above said as strings, otherwise they are assumed to
 #' be symbols. Default is FALSE.
 #' @return A data.frame with the Coherence Index of each geographical area.
+#'
 #' @examples
 #' RCI <- coherence(data = df, geo_dim = NUTS2,
 #' kng_dim = IPC.3dig, kng_nbr = N.patents)

R/coherence_panel.R

@@ -15,21 +15,32 @@
 #' You can use it both on a panel data set (if you identify also a column with
 #' a temporal indication of the observations) or on cross-section data (by
 #' leaveing the parameter just said as NULL).
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Teece, Rumelt, Dosi and Winter (1994) 'Understanding Corporate
-#' Coherence: Theory and Evidence', \emph{Journal of Economic Behavior \&
-#' Organization}, 23, 1-30;}
-#' \item{Nesta and Saviotti (2005) 'Coherence of the Knowledge Base and the
-#' Firm's Innovative Performance: Evidence from the U.S. Pharmaceutical
-#' Industry', \emph{Journal of Industrial Economics}, 53, 123-142;}
-#' \item{Nesta and Saviotti (2006) 'Firm Knowledge and Market Value in
-#' Biotechnology', \emph{Industrial and Corporate Change}, 15, 625-652;}
-#' \item{Quatraro (2010) 'Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
+#'
+#' @references
+#' Teece, Rumelt, Dosi and Winter (1994) ``Understanding Corporate
+#' Coherence: Theory and Evidence'', \emph{Journal of Economic Behavior &
+#' Organization}, 23, 1--30;
+#'
+#' Nesta and Saviotti (2005) ``Coherence of the Knowledge Base and the
+#' Firm's Innovative Performance: Evidence from the U.S. Pharmaceutical
+#' Industry'', \emph{Journal of Industrial Economics}, 53, 123-142;
+#'
+#' Nesta and Saviotti (2006) 'Firm Knowledge and Market Value in
+#' Biotechnology', \emph{Industrial and Corporate Change}, 15, 625-652;
+#'
+#' Bottazzi and Pirino (2010) ``Measuring Industry Relatedness and
+#' Corporate Coherence'', \emph{SSRN Electronic Journal}, 11, 1--24;
+#'
+#' Quatraro (2010) 'Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
 #' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
-#' 1289-1302.}
+#' 1289-1302;
+#'
+#' Rocchetta and Mina (2017), ``Technological Coherence and the Adaptive
+#' Resilience of Regional Economies'', \emph{Papers in Evolutionary Economic
+#' Geography}, Utrecht University.
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
 #'
-#' }
 #' @param data It is expected to be a dataframe in "long" format.
 #' @param geo_dim It is the name of the column of the data.frame that
 #' represents its geographical dimension (e.g., the different regions of

R/complexity.R

@@ -5,21 +5,26 @@
 #' Regional Knowledge Complexity Index
 #'
 #' @description
+#' The function computes the ``Technological Complexity'' of each geographical
+#' area considered, in each given year, in line with the so called \emph{Method
+#' of Reflections} (see the references below).
 #'
-#' @details
+#' @references
+#' Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabási and Hausmann (2007) ``The Product Space
+#' Conditions the Development of Nations'', \emph{Science}, 317, 482--487;
 #'
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Hidalgo, Klinger, Barab{\'a}si and Hausmann (2007) "The Product Space
-#' Conditions the Development of Nations", \emph{Science}, 317, 482--487;}
-#' \item{Hidalgo and Hausmann (2009) "The Building Blocks of Economic
-#' Complexity", \emph{PNAS}, 106, 10570--10575;}
-#' \item{Antonelli, Crespi, Mongeau Ospina and Scellato (2017) "Knowledge
+#' Hidalgo and Hausmann (2009) ``The Building Blocks of Economic
+#' Complexity'', \emph{PNAS}, 106, 10570--10575;
+#'
+#' Antonelli, Crespi, Mongeau Ospina and Scellato (2017) ``Knowledge
 #' Composition, Jacobs Externalities and Innovation Performance in European
-#' Regions", \emph{Regional Studies}, 51, 1708--1720;}
-#' \item{Balland and Rigby (2017) "The Geography of Complex Knowledge",
-#' \emph{Economic Geography}, 93, 1--23.}
-#' }
+#' Regions'', \emph{Regional Studies}, 51, 1708--1720;
+#'
+#' Balland and Rigby (2017) ``The Geography of Complex Knowledge'',
+#' \emph{Economic Geography}, 93, 1--23.
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
+#'
 #' @param data It is expected to be a dataframe in "long" format.
 #' @param geo_dim It is the name of the column of the data.frame that
 #' represents its geographical dimension (e.g., the different regions of

R/entropy.R

@@ -13,16 +13,20 @@
 #' that reports the absolute frequency of each of the possible types/groups of
 #' observations of the database.
 #' It is also used internally by the entropy decomposition functions.
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Shannon (1948) "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", \emph{Bell
-#' System Technical Journal}, 27, 379--423;}
-#' \item{Theil (1967) \emph{Economics and Information Theory}, North-Holland;}
-#' \item{Theil (1972) \emph{Statistical Decomposition Analysis}, North-Holland;}
-#' \item{Frenken (2007) "Entropy statistics and information theory", in
+#'
+#' @references
+#' Shannon (1948) ``A Mathematical Theory of Communication'', \emph{Bell
+#' System Technical Journal}, 27, 379--423;
+#'
+#' Theil (1967) \emph{Economics and Information Theory}, North-Holland;
+#'
+#' Theil (1972) \emph{Statistical Decomposition Analysis}, North-Holland;
+#'
+#' Frenken (2007) ``Entropy Statistics and Information Theory'', in
 #' Hanusch and Pyka (Eds.) \emph{Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian
-#' Economics}, Edward Elgar.}
-#' }
+#' Economics}, Edward Elgar.
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
 #'
 #' @param data Numerical vector whos elements are the numerosity of each
 #' of the types in which the observations can be categorised (absolute

R/entropy_decomposition.R

@@ -14,27 +14,34 @@
 #' decomposed components. The within-groups component is equal to the weighted
 #' average of the entropy of each of the groups. So the between-groups component
 #' is equal to the residual entropy.
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Theil (1972) \emph{Statistical Decomposition Analysis}, North-Holland;}
-#' \item{Zadjenweber (1972) "Une Application de la Th{\'e}orie de l’Information
-#' {\`a} l'{\'E}conomie: La Mesure de la Concentration, \emph{Revue d'Economie
-#' Politique}, 82, 486–-510;}
-#' \item{Attaran (1985) "Industrial Diversity and Economic Performance in U.S.
-#' Areas, \emph{The Annals of Regional Science}, 20, 44--54;}
-#' \item{Frenken (2007) "Entropy statistics and information theory", in
+#'
+#' @references
+#' Theil (1972) \emph{Statistical Decomposition Analysis}, North-Holland;
+#'
+#' Zadjenweber (1972) ``Une Application de la Théorie de l'Information
+#' à l'Économie: La Mesure de la Concentration'', \emph{Revue d'Economie
+#' Politique}, 82, 486--510;
+#'
+#' Attaran (1985) ``Industrial Diversity and Economic Performance in U.S.
+#' Areas'', \emph{The Annals of Regional Science}, 20, 44--54;
+#'
+#' Frenken (2007) ``Entropy Statistics and Information Theory'', in
 #' Hanusch and Pyka (Eds.) \emph{Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian
-#' Economics}, Edward Elgar.}
-#' \item{Frenken, van Oort and Verburg (2007) "Related Variety, Unrelated
-#' Variety and Regional Economic Growth", \emph{Regional Studies}, 41,
-#' 685--697;}
-#' \item{Quatraro (2010) 'Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
-#' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
-#' 1289--1302;}
-#' \item{Rocchetta and Mina (2017), "Technological Coherence and the Adaptive
-#' Resilience of Regional Economies", \emph{Papers in Evolutionary Economic
-#' Geography}, Utrecht University.}
-#' }
+#' Economics}, Edward Elgar;
+#'
+#' Frenken, van Oort and Verburg (2007) ``Related Variety, Unrelated
+#' Variety and Regional Economic Growth'', \emph{Regional Studies}, 41,
+#' 685--697;
+#'
+#' Quatraro (2010) ``Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
+#' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions'', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
+#' 1289--1302;
+#'
+#' Rocchetta and Mina (2017), ``Technological Coherence and the Adaptive
+#' Resilience of Regional Economies'', \emph{Papers in Evolutionary Economic
+#' Geography}, Utrecht University.
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
 #'
 #' @param data Vector of elements.
 #' @param groups Vector that describes how the elements in the data can be

R/entropy_decomposition_panel.R

@@ -17,27 +17,34 @@
 #' and within-groups information entropy is provided. Internally the function
 #' computes and temorarily stores also other values. However they are not
 #' provided in the oputput dataframe.
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Theil (1972) \emph{Statistical Decomposition Analysis}, North-Holland;}
-#' \item{Zadjenweber (1972) "Une Application de la Th{\'e}orie de l’Information
-#' {\`a} l'{\'E}conomie: La Mesure de la Concentration, \emph{Revue d'Economie
-#' Politique}, 82, 486–-510;}
-#' \item{Attaran (1985) "Industrial Diversity and Economic Performance in U.S.
-#' Areas, \emph{The Annals of Regional Science}, 20, 44--54;}
-#' \item{Frenken (2007) "Entropy statistics and information theory", in
+#'
+#' @references
+#' Theil (1972) \emph{Statistical Decomposition Analysis}, North-Holland;
+#'
+#' Zadjenweber (1972) ``Une Application de la Théorie de l'Information
+#' à l'Économie: La Mesure de la Concentration'', \emph{Revue d'Economie
+#' Politique}, 82, 486--510;
+#'
+#' Attaran (1985) ``Industrial Diversity and Economic Performance in U.S.
+#' Areas'', \emph{The Annals of Regional Science}, 20, 44--54;
+#'
+#' Frenken (2007) ``Entropy Statistics and Information Theory'', in
 #' Hanusch and Pyka (Eds.) \emph{Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian
-#' Economics}, Edward Elgar.}
-#' \item{Frenken, van Oort and Verburg (2007) "Related Variety, Unrelated
-#' Variety and Regional Economic Growth", \emph{Regional Studies}, 41,
-#' 685--697;}
-#' \item{Quatraro (2010) 'Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
-#' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
-#' 1289--1302;}
-#' \item{Rocchetta and Mina (2017), "Technological Coherence and the Adaptive
-#' Resilience of Regional Economies", \emph{Papers in Evolutionary Economic
-#' Geography}, Utrecht University.}
-#' }
+#' Economics}, Edward Elgar;
+#'
+#' Frenken, van Oort and Verburg (2007) ``Related Variety, Unrelated
+#' Variety and Regional Economic Growth'', \emph{Regional Studies}, 41,
+#' 685--697;
+#'
+#' Quatraro (2010) ``Knowledge Coherence, Variety and Economic Growth:
+#' Manufacturing Evidence from Italian Regions'', \emph{Research Policy}, 39,
+#' 1289--1302;
+#'
+#' Rocchetta and Mina (2017), ``Technological Coherence and the Adaptive
+#' Resilience of Regional Economies'', \emph{Papers in Evolutionary Economic
+#' Geography}, Utrecht University.
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
 #'
 #' @param data It is expected to be a dataframe in "long" format.
 #' @param kng_nbr It is expected to be the name of the (numeric) column of the

R/fitness.R

@@ -5,24 +5,26 @@
 #' Regional Knowledge Fitness Index
 #'
 #' @description
+#' The function computes the Fitness (i.e. \emph{competitiveness}) of each given
+#' geographical area considered, in each year provided (see the references
+#' below for further details).
 #'
-#' @details
+#' @references
+#' Tacchella, Cristelli, Caldarelli, Gabrielli and Pietronero (2012)
+#' ``A New Metrics for Countries' Fitness and Products' Complexity'',
+#' \emph{Scientific Reports}, 2, 1--7;
+#'
+#' Tacchella, Cristelli, Caldarelli, Gabrielli and Pietronero (2013)
+#' ``Economic Complexity: Conceptual Grounding of a New Metrics for Global
+#' Competitiveness'', \emph{Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control}, 37,
+#' 1683--1691;
+#'
+#' Cristelli, Gabrielli, Tacchella, Caldarelli and Pietronero (2013)
+#' ``Measuring the Intangibles: A Metrics for the Economic Complexity of
+#' Countries and Products'', \emph{PLOS ONE}, 8, e70726;
+#'
+#' @encoding UTF-8
 #'
-#' See:
-#' \itemize{
-#' \item{Tacchella, Cristelli, Caldarelli, Gabrielli and Pietronero (2012)
-#' "A New Metrics for Countries' Fitness and Products' Complexity",
-#' \emph{Scientific Reports}, 2, 1--7;}
-#' \item{Tacchella, Cristelli, Caldarelli, Gabrielli and Pietronero (2013)
-#' "Economic Complexity: Conceptual Grounding of a New Metrics for Global
-#' Competitiveness", \emph{Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control}, 37,
-#' 1683--1691;}
-#' \item{Cristelli, Gabrielli, Tacchella, Caldarelli and Pietronero (2013)
-#' "Measuring the Intangibles: A Metrics for the Economic Complexity of
-#' Countries and Products", \emph{PLOS ONE}, 8, e70726;}
-#' \item{Balland and Rigby (2017) "The Geography of Complex Knowledge",
-#' \emph{Economic Geography}, 93, 1--23.}
-#' }
 #' @param data It is expected to be a dataframe in "long" format.
 #' @param geo_dim It is the name of the column of the data.frame that
 #' represents its geographical dimension (e.g., the different regions of