Exploring Operating Systems: 69 Days of Deep Dive Implementation in C

Overview

This repository is a journey through Operating System concepts, with practical implementations in C. Each day focuses on a specific topic, providing theoretical understanding and hands-on coding experience.

Repository Structure

• Each topic will have its own directory
• Includes source code, explanations, and implementation details
• Progressive learning path from basic to advanced OS concepts

69 Days Exploration Roadmap

Day	Topic	Concept Category	Difficulty Level	Implementation Focus
1	Process Concept	Processes	Easy	Process Definition
2	Process States and Transitions	Processes	Medium	State Diagram Implementation
3	Process Creation Mechanisms	Processes	Medium	Fork(), Exec() Syscalls
4	Process Scheduling Basics	Scheduling	Medium	FCFS Algorithm
5	Scheduling Algorithms	Scheduling	Hard	SJF, Priority, Round Robin
6	Context Switching	Processes	Hard	Implementation Details
7	Thread Concept	Threads	Easy	Thread Basic Understanding
8	Thread Creation and Management	Threads	Medium	POSIX Threads
9	Thread vs Process Comparison	Threads	Medium	Comparative Analysis
10	Multithreading Models	Threads	Hard	User vs Kernel Threads
11	Concurrency Fundamentals	Synchronization	Medium	Race Conditions
12	Mutex and Semaphores	Synchronization	Hard	Implementation
13	Deadlock Concepts	Synchronization	Hard	Prevention Strategies
14	Deadlock Detection Algorithms	Synchronization	Hard	Banker's Algorithm
15	Memory Management Overview	Memory	Easy	Memory Hierarchy
16	Logical vs Physical Address	Memory	Medium	Address Translation
17	Contiguous Memory Allocation	Memory	Medium	Allocation Strategies
18	Paging Mechanism	Memory	Hard	Page Table Implementation
19	Page Replacement Algorithms	Memory	Hard	FIFO, LRU, Optimal
20	Segmentation	Memory	Medium	Segment Table
21	Virtual Memory Concepts	Memory	Hard	Demand Paging
22	Memory Allocation Internals (malloc, free)	Memory Management	Hard	Custom Memory Allocator
23	Dynamic Memory Management Techniques	Memory Management	Hard	Memory Pool Strategies
24	File System Basics	File Systems	Easy	File Concept
25	File System Structure	File Systems	Medium	Directory Structures
26	File Allocation Methods	File Systems	Medium	Contiguous, Linked
27	Free Space Management	File Systems	Hard	Bit Vector, Linked List
28	File Protection Mechanisms	File Systems	Medium	Access Control
29	I/O System Management	I/O Systems	Medium	I/O Devices
30	Disk Scheduling Algorithms	I/O Systems	Hard	SCAN, C-SCAN
31	Interrupt Handling	Low-Level	Hard	Interrupt Vectors
32	Advanced System Call Implementation	Low-Level Programming	Hard	Syscall Wrapper Design
33	Advanced System Call Tracing	Low-Level	Hard	Syscall Interception
34	Kernel Module Development	Low-Level	Hard	Loadable Kernel Modules
35	Inter-Process Communication	IPC	Hard	Pipes, Message Queues
36	Shared Memory Advanced	IPC	Hard	Low-Level Shared Memory
37	Socket Programming Deep Dive	Networking	Hard	Raw Socket Implementation
38	CPU Scheduling Advanced	Scheduling	Hard	Multi-Level Queues
39	Real-Time Operating Systems Internals	Specialized	Hard	RTOS Kernel Design
40	Linux Kernel Memory Management	Kernel	Hard	Slab Allocator
41	Process Synchronization Advanced	Synchronization	Hard	Peterson's Algorithm
42	Resource Allocation Graph Theory	Synchronization	Hard	Deadlock Representation
43	Memory Fragmentation Techniques	Memory	Medium	Advanced Fragmentation
44	Cache Management Internals	Memory	Hard	Cache Coherence
45	File System Journaling	File Systems	Hard	Transaction Mechanisms
46	Device Driver Development	Low-Level	Hard	Character Device Drivers
47	Security Mechanism Implementation	Security	Hard	Access Control Kernel
48	Process Scheduling Simulator	Scheduling	Hard	Comprehensive Simulator
49	Network File Systems Internals	File Systems	Hard	Distributed FS Design
50	Error Handling Kernel Mechanisms	Low-Level	Hard	Exception Management
51	Virtual Memory Hypervisor	Advanced	Hard	Virtualization Techniques
52	Distributed OS Algorithms	Advanced	Hard	Consensus Protocols
53	Embedded OS Kernel Design	Specialized	Hard	Minimal Kernel
54	Microkernel Advanced Design	Architecture	Hard	Message Passing
55	OS Performance Profiling	Advanced	Hard	Kernel Tracing
56	Parallel Processing Primitives	Advanced	Hard	Low-Level Parallelism
57	Fault Tolerance Mechanisms	Advanced	Hard	Recovery Techniques
58	Advanced Load Balancing	Advanced	Hard	Scheduling Strategies
59	Containerization Internals	Advanced	Hard	Namespace Implementation
60	Kernel Synchronization Primitives	Advanced	Hard	Spinlocks, RCU
61	Security Vulnerability Analysis	Security	Hard	Buffer Overflow
62	Cryptographic Kernel Mechanisms	Security	Hard	Encryption Primitives
63	Malware Detection Techniques	Security	Hard	Kernel-Level Detection
64	OS Forensics Deep Dive	Security	Hard	Kernel Trace Analysis
65	Memory Allocator Design	Memory	Hard	Custom Heap Implementation
66	Advanced IPC Mechanisms	IPC	Hard	Advanced Signaling
67	Kernel Debugging Techniques	Low-Level	Hard	Kernel Crash Analysis
68	Advanced Syscall Handling	Low-Level	Hard	Syscall Optimization
69	Complete OS Kernel Prototype	Project	Hard	Minimal Bootable Kernel

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Final Projects

Each project spans 3 days, allowing for in-depth exploration and implementation.

1. Build a Minimal Bootable Kernel

   • Create a simple kernel that boots and prints a message to the screen.

2. Implement a Custom Memory Allocator

   • Design and implement a memory allocator with malloc, free, and realloc functionality.

3. Develop a File System Simulator

   • Simulate a basic file system with directory structures, file allocation, and free space management.

4. Create a Process Scheduling Simulator

   • Implement a simulator for various scheduling algorithms like FCFS, SJF, and Round Robin.

5. Design a Virtual Memory Manager

   • Build a virtual memory manager with paging and page replacement algorithms.

6. Develop a Loadable Kernel Module

   • Write a kernel module that interacts with the Linux kernel and performs a specific task.

7. Implement a Network File System

   • Create a basic distributed file system with client-server communication.

8. Build a Real-Time Operating System Kernel

   • Design a minimal RTOS kernel with task scheduling and synchronization primitives.

Contributing

• Detailed code implementations welcome
• Follow coding standards
• Include comprehensive documentation

Learning Objectives

• Deep understanding of Operating System principles
• Practical C programming skills
• Real-world problem-solving techniques

Prerequisites

• C Programming
• Deep Computer Science Knowledge
• Linux/Unix Kernel Understanding Recommended

License

LICENSE

Disclaimer

This is an advanced educational resource for understanding Operating Systems through in-depth implementation.