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| MeasurementFormatter | ||
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| 使用 Swift Foundation Formatter API | ||
| ```swift | ||
| Measurement<UnitMass>(value: 1, unit: .kilograms) | ||
| .formatted(.measurement(width: .abbreviated)) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 标准库里的物理量，在这个文档里有详细列出，包括角度、平方米等。 | ||
| ```swift | ||
| // 参考：https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nsdimension | ||
| let m1 = Measurement(value: 1, unit: UnitLength.kilometers) | ||
| let m2 = m1.converted(to: .meters) // 千米转米 | ||
| print(m2) // 1000.0 m | ||
| // 度量值转为本地化的值 | ||
| let mf = MeasurementFormatter() | ||
| mf.locale = Locale(identifier: "zh_Hans_CN") | ||
| print(mf.string(from: m1)) // 1公里 | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 一些物理公式供参考： | ||
| ``` | ||
| 面积 = 长度 × 长度 | ||
| 体积 = 长度 × 长度 × 长度 = 面积 × 长度 | ||
| 速度=长度/时间 | ||
| 加速度=速度/时间 | ||
| 力 = 质量 × 加速度 | ||
| 扭矩 = 力 × 长度 | ||
| 压力 = 力 / 面积 | ||
| 密度=质量 / 体积 | ||
| 能量 = 功率 × 时间 | ||
| 电阻 = 电压 / 电流 | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 描述多个事物 | ||
| ```swift | ||
| // 描述多个事物 | ||
| let s1 = ListFormatter.localizedString(byJoining: ["冬天","春天","夏天","秋天"]) | ||
| print(s1) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 使用 Foundation Formatter API | ||
| ```swift | ||
| ["足球", "篮球"].formatted(.list(type: .and)) | ||
| ``` |
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| ## `.formatted` | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| print(888.formatted(.currency(code: "RMB"))) | ||
| print(99999.formatted()) | ||
| print(0.3.formatted(.percent)) | ||
| print(3.14.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(1)))) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## NumberFormatter 描述数字 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| // 数字 | ||
| let f3 = NumberFormatter() | ||
| f3.locale = Locale(identifier: "zh_Hans_CN") | ||
| f3.numberStyle = .currency | ||
| print(f3.string(from: 123456) ?? "") // ¥123,456.00 | ||
| f3.numberStyle = .percent | ||
| print(f3.string(from: 123456) ?? "") // 12,345,600% | ||
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| let n1 = 1.23456 | ||
| let n1Str = n1.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(3)).rounded()) | ||
| print(n1Str) // 1.235 | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ByteCountFormatter 描述数据大小 | ||
| ```swift | ||
| let formatter = ByteCountFormatter() | ||
| formatter.countStyle = .file | ||
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| text = formatter.string(fromByteCount: 1_000_000_000) // 1GB | ||
| ``` |
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| ## 格式化时间成字符串 | ||
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| 格式化日期的示例。这些方法都是在 `Date` 类型上调用的，它们返回一个格式化的字符串，表示当前日期和时间。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| Date.now.formatted() | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码返回一个默认格式的日期和时间字符串。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| Date.now.formatted(.relative(presentation: .named)) | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码返回一个相对于现在的时间字符串，例如 "5 分钟前" 或 "明天"。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| Date.now.formatted(date: .abbreviated, time: .omitted) | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码返回一个简写的日期字符串，不包含时间。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| Date.now.formatted(.dateTime.day(.twoDigits).month(.abbreviated).year(.twoDigits)) | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码返回一个自定义格式的日期和时间字符串，包含两位数的日、简写的月和两位数的年。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| Date.now.formatted(.iso8601) | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码返回一个 ISO 8601 格式的日期和时间字符串。 | ||
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| 代码示例： | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| struct Movie { | ||
| let title: String | ||
| let screeningDates: [Date] | ||
| } | ||
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| let movie = Movie(title: "电影标题", screeningDates: [Date.now, Date.now.advanced(by: 60*60*24)]) | ||
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| for date in movie.screeningDates { | ||
| print("\(movie.title) 的放映时间是 \(date.formatted(date: .abbreviated, time: .shortened))") | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 这段代码会打印出电影的标题和每个放映时间，时间是以简写的日期和短格式的时间显示的。 | ||
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| ## 相对时间差 | ||
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| 描述两个日期之间的相对时间差。这个类可以生成如 "昨天"、"5 分钟前" 这样的字符串。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| let d1 = Date().timeIntervalSince1970 - 60 * 60 * 24 | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码创建了一个 `Date` 对象，表示当前时间减去 24 小时（即一天前的时间）。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| let f1 = RelativeDateTimeFormatter() | ||
| f1.dateTimeStyle = .named | ||
| f1.formattingContext = .beginningOfSentence | ||
| f1.locale = Locale(identifier: "zh_Hans_CN") | ||
| let str = f1.localizedString(for: Date(timeIntervalSince1970: d1), relativeTo: Date()) | ||
| print(str) // 昨天 | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这些代码创建了一个 `RelativeDateTimeFormatter` 对象，并设置了其样式和语言环境。然后，它使用这个格式化器来生成一个表示 `d1` 和当前时间相对时间差的字符串。 | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| let str2 = Date.now.addingTimeInterval(-(60 * 60 * 24)) | ||
| .formatted(.relative(presentation: .named)) | ||
| print(str2) // yesterday | ||
| ``` | ||
| 这行代码做的事情和前面的代码类似，但是它使用了 Swift 5.5 引入的新的 `Date` 格式化 API。这个 API 更简洁，更易于使用。 | ||
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| 我们可能会有一个电影放映时间的列表，我们可以使用这些方法来描述每个放映时间距离现在有多久。例如： | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| struct Movie { | ||
| let title: String | ||
| let screeningDates: [Date] | ||
| } | ||
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| let movie = Movie(title: "电影标题", screeningDates: [Date.now, Date.now.advanced(by: 60*60*24)]) | ||
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| for date in movie.screeningDates { | ||
| let relativeTime = date.formatted(.relative(presentation: .named)) | ||
| print("\(movie.title) 的放映时间是 \(relativeTime)") | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 这段代码会打印出电影的标题和每个放映时间距离现在的相对时间。 | ||
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| ## 剩余时间 | ||
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| 描述一个时间间隔。这个类可以生成如 "大约 5 分钟" 这样的字符串。 | ||
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| 电影的剩余播放时间，我们可以使用这个方法来描述这个时间。例如： | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| struct Movie { | ||
| let title: String | ||
| let remainingTime: TimeInterval | ||
| } | ||
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| let movie = Movie(title: "电影标题", remainingTime: 300.0) | ||
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| let formatter = DateComponentsFormatter() | ||
| formatter.unitsStyle = .full | ||
| formatter.includesApproximationPhrase = true | ||
| formatter.includesTimeRemainingPhrase = true | ||
| let text = formatter.string(from: movie.remainingTime) ?? "" | ||
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| print("\(movie.title) 的剩余播放时间是 \(text)") | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 这段代码会打印出电影的标题和剩余播放时间。 | ||
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| ## DateIntervalFormatter | ||
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| 一个电影的放映时间段，我们可以使用这个方法来描述这个时间段。例如： | ||
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| ```swift | ||
| struct Movie { | ||
| let title: String | ||
| let screeningInterval: (start: Date, end: Date) | ||
| } | ||
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| let movie = Movie(title: "电影标题", screeningInterval: (start: Date(), end: Date(timeInterval: 86400, since: Date()))) | ||
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| let formatter = DateIntervalFormatter() | ||
| formatter.dateStyle = .short | ||
| formatter.timeStyle = .none | ||
| let text = formatter.string(from: movie.screeningInterval.start, to: movie.screeningInterval.end) | ||
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| print("\(movie.title) 的放映时间段是 \(text)") | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 这段代码会打印出电影的标题和放映时间段。 |
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| 描述人名 | ||
| ```swift | ||
| // 名字 | ||
| let f2 = PersonNameComponentsFormatter() | ||
| var nc1 = PersonNameComponents() | ||
| nc1.familyName = "戴" | ||
| nc1.givenName = "铭" | ||
| nc1.nickname = "铭哥" | ||
| print(f2.string(from: nc1)) // 戴铭 | ||
| f2.style = .short | ||
| print(f2.string(from: nc1)) // 铭哥 | ||
| f2.style = .abbreviated | ||
| print(f2.string(from: nc1)) // 戴 | ||
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| var nc2 = PersonNameComponents() | ||
| nc2.familyName = "Dai" | ||
| nc2.givenName = "Ming" | ||
| nc2.nickname = "Starming" | ||
| f2.style = .default | ||
| print(f2.string(from: nc2)) // Ming Dai | ||
| f2.style = .short | ||
| print(f2.string(from: nc2)) // Starming | ||
| f2.style = .abbreviated | ||
| print(f2.string(from: nc2)) // MD | ||
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| // 取出名 | ||
| let componets = f2.personNameComponents(from: "戴铭") | ||
| print(componets?.givenName ?? "") // 铭 | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 描述地址 | ||
| ```swift | ||
| // 地址 | ||
| import Contacts | ||
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| let f4 = CNPostalAddressFormatter() | ||
| let address = CNMutablePostalAddress() | ||
| address.street = "海淀区王庄路XX号院X号楼X门XXX" | ||
| address.postalCode = "100083" | ||
| address.city = "北京" | ||
| address.country = "中国" | ||
| print(f4.string(from: address)) | ||
| /// 海淀区王庄路XX号院X号楼X门XXX | ||
| /// 北京 100083 | ||
| /// 中国 | ||
| ``` |