Git Cheat Sheet

Basic Commands

Command	Description
git init	Initialize a new Git repository.
git clone <repository>	Clone a remote repository to your local machine.
git add <file>	Add changes in a file to the staging area.
git commit -m "message"	Commit staged changes with a descriptive message.
git status	View the status of your working directory.

Configuration

Command	Description
git config --global user.name "Your Name"	Set your global username.
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"	Set your global email.

Branching

Command	Description
git branch	List all branches in the repository.
git branch <new-branch>	Create a new branch.
git branch -d <branch>	Delete a merged branch.
git branch -D <branch>	Force delete an unmerged branch.
git checkout <branch>	Switch to a different branch.
git checkout -b <new-branch>	Create and switch to a new branch.
git merge <branch>	Merge changes from a branch into the current branch.
git merge --no-ff <branch>	Perform a non-fast-forward merge.
git log --graph --oneline --all	Show a graph of the commit history for all branches.
git log --left-right <branch>...<branch>	Show commits that are unique to each branch.
git log --merges <branch>..<branch>	Show merge commits between two branches.

Staged Changes

Command	Description
git add <file>	Add changes in a file to the staging area.
git add -p <file>	Interactively stage parts of a file.
git mv <old-file> <new-file>	Move or rename a file.
git rm --cached <file>	Unstage changes in a file.
git rm --force <file>	Unstage and delete a file.
git reset HEAD <file>	Unstage changes in a file.
git reset --hard HEAD <file>	Unstage and delete changes in a file.
git clean -f	Remove untracked files from the working tree.
git clean -f -d -x	Recursively remove untracked files and directories from the working tree.

Viewing Changes

Command	Description
git diff	Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc.
git log	View commit history.
git log --oneline --graph	Show a compact graph of the commit history.
git log --patch	Show changes introduced by each commit.
git log --decorate --graph --oneline	Show a graph with decorations and one-line commit messages.
git log --grep "pattern"	Search for commits with a specific message pattern.
git show HEAD	Display information about the latest commit.
git show HEAD^	Display information about the parent of the latest commit.
git blame <file>	Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file.

Undo and History

Command	Description
git checkout <commit>	Switch to a specific commit (detached HEAD state).
git restore <file>	Discard changes in the working directory.
git reset <commit>	Move the current branch to a specific commit.
git reset HEAD~	Undo the most recent commits
git reset --soft <commit>	Move the branch pointer without changing staging area.
git reset --mixed <commit>	Move the branch pointer and reset staging area.
git reset --hard <commit>	Move the branch pointer, staging area, and working directory.
git revert <commit>	Create a new commit that undoes changes from a specific commit.
git cherry-pick <commit>	Apply a specific commit from one branch to another.
git reflog	View a log of all branch references.
git rebase <base-branch>	Reapply commits from one branch onto another.
git rebase -i <base-branch>	Interactive rebase (reorder, squash, edit commits).
git rebase --continue	Continue the rebase after resolving conflicts.
git rebase --interactive HEAD~3	Interactively rebase back to the last 3 commits.
git rebase --abort	Abort an ongoing rebase.
git commit --amend -m "message"	Change the last commit message.
git commit --fixup <commit>	Create a fixup commit to be combined later.
git commit --squash <commit>	Combine a commit with the previous commit.

Cleaning

Command	Description
git clean -n	List untracked files to be removed.
git clean -f	Remove untracked files.

Remote Operations

Command	Description
git remote	List remote repositories.
git remote -v	List remote repositories and their URLs.
git remote show <remote>	Show information about a remote repository.
git remote add <name> <url>	Add a new remote repository.
git remote rename <old-name> <new-name>	Rename a remote repository.
git remote remove <name>	Remove a remote repository.
git fetch <remote>	Fetch changes from a remote repository.
git fetch <remote> <branch>	Fetch changes from a specific branch on a remote repository.
git fetch upstream	Fetch changes from the upstream repository.
git pull <remote> <branch>	Pull and merge changes from a remote repository.
git pull --rebase <remote> <branch>	Pull changes from a remote while rebasing your local commits.
git pull --rebase --autostash <remote> <branch>	Pull changes and auto-stash local changes.
git push <remote> <branch>	Push local changes to a remote repository.
git push --force <remote> <branch>	Force push local changes to a remote repository.
git push --all <remote>	Push all branches to a remote repository.
git push --tags <remote>	Push all tags to a remote repository.
git push <remote> --delete <branch>	Delete a branch on a remote repository.
git push <remote> :<tag>	Delete a tag on a remote repository.
git push <remote> --tags	Push tags to a remote repository.
git push --set-upstream <remote> <branch>	Set the upstream branch for the current local branch.
git branch -dr <remote>/<branch>	Delete a remote tracking branch.
git ls-remote <remote>	List references in a remote repository.
git clone --mirror <repository>	Clone a repository as a mirrored copy.

Tags

Command	Description
git tag	List all tags in the repository.
git tag <tag-name>	Create a lightweight tag.
git tag -a <tag-name> -m "message"	Create an annotated tag with a message.
git tag -d <tag-name>	Delete a local tag.
git push <remote> <tag-name>	Push a local tag to a remote repository.
git push <remote> --tags	Push all local tags to a remote repository.
git show <tag-name>	Display information about a tag.
git tag -l "pattern"	List tags that match a pattern.
git tag -a <tag-name> <commit>	Create a tag for a specific commit.
git tag --contains <commit>	List tags that contain a specific commit.
git tag -d $(git tag -l)	Delete all local tags.
git push <remote> :refs/tags/<tag-name>	Delete a remote tag.

Collaborative Work

Command	Description
git fetch	Download objects and refs from another repository.
git pull --rebase	Pull changes from a remote while rebasing your local commits.

Advanced

Command	Description
git stash	Temporarily save changes that are not ready to be committed.
git submodule	Manage Git submodules within your repository.

Stash

Command	Description
git stash	Temporarily save changes that are not ready to be committed.
git stash save "message"	Save changes to a new stash with a message.
git stash list	List all stashes in the repository.
git stash show	Show changes in the most recent stash.
git stash show stash@{n}	Show changes in a specific stash.
git stash show -p stash@{n}	Show changes with diff in a specific stash.
git stash apply	Apply the most recent stash without removing it.
git stash apply stash@{n}	Apply a specific stash without removing it.
git stash pop	Apply and remove the most recent stash.
git stash pop stash@{n}	Apply and remove a specific stash.
git stash branch <branch-name>	Create a new branch from a stash.
git stash drop	Remove the most recent stash.
git stash drop stash@{n}	Remove a specific stash.
git stash clear	Remove all stashes.
git stash show -u	Show untracked files in the stash.

Submodules

Command	Description
git submodule add <repository>	Add a new submodule to your repository.
git submodule init	Initialize submodules in your repository.
git submodule update	Update submodules to their latest commit.
git submodule update --init	Initialize and update submodules.
git submodule update --remote	Update submodules to the latest remote commit.
git submodule status	Show the status of submodules.
git submodule foreach <command>	Run a Git command in each submodule.
git submodule sync	Update URLs for submodules.
git submodule foreach --recursive <command>	Run a Git command recursively in each submodule.
git submodule add -b <branch> <repository>	Add a submodule with a specific branch.
git submodule deinit <submodule>	Deinitialize a submodule.
git submodule update --remote <submodule>	Update a specific submodule to the latest remote commit.
git submodule update --recursive	Update submodules and their submodules recursively.
git submodule foreach --recursive git pull origin master	Update all submodules and their nested submodules.

Helpful Links

• Git Documentation

Remember: Git commands can be powerful. Always double-check before executing critical operations.