Refactor your C# code with primary constructors

Directory.Packages.props

@@ -7,37 +7,37 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="Ardalis.GuardClauses" Version="4.5.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="AutoMapper" Version="13.0.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Azure.Extensions.AspNetCore.Configuration.Secrets" Version="1.3.1" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Azure.Identity" Version="1.11.1" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Azure.Identity" Version="1.12.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="coverlet.collector" Version="6.0.2" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="FluentAssertions" Version="6.12.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="FluentAssertions" Version="7.0.0-alpha.4" />
     <PackageVersion Include="FluentValidation.AspNetCore" Version="11.3.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="FluentValidation.DependencyInjectionExtensions" Version="11.9.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="MediatR" Version="12.2.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.4" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="FluentValidation.DependencyInjectionExtensions" Version="11.9.2" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="MediatR" Version="12.3.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.6" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.6" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing" Version="8.0.4" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="8.0.4" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UI" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="8.0.6" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UI" Version="8.0.6" />
     <!--#if (!UseApiOnly)-->
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.SpaProxy" Version="8.0.4" />
     <!--#endif-->
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.4" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design" Version="8.0.4" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Relational" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.6" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design" Version="8.0.6" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Relational" Version="8.0.6" />
     <!--#if (UseSQLite)-->
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite" Version="8.0.6" />
     <!--#endif-->
     <!--#if (UseLocalDB)-->
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="8.0.6" />
     <!--#endif-->
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="8.0.6" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" Version="8.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables" Version="8.0.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Diagnostics.HealthChecks.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Diagnostics.HealthChecks.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="8.0.6" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.9.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Moq" Version="4.20.70" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="NSwag.AspNetCore" Version="14.0.7" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="NSwag.MSBuild" Version="14.0.7" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="NSwag.AspNetCore" Version="14.0.8" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="NSwag.MSBuild" Version="14.0.8" />
     <PackageVersion Include="nunit" Version="3.14.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NUnit.Analyzers" Version="3.9.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.5.0" />

src/Application/Common/Behaviours/AuthorizationBehaviour.cs

@@ -5,18 +5,12 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Behaviours;
 
-public class AuthorizationBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse> : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : notnull
+public class AuthorizationBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse>(
+    IUser user,
+    IIdentityService identityService) : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : notnull
 {
-    private readonly IUser _user;
-    private readonly IIdentityService _identityService;
-
-    public AuthorizationBehaviour(
-        IUser user,
-        IIdentityService identityService)
-    {
-        _user = user;
-        _identityService = identityService;
-    }
+    private readonly IUser _user = user;
+    private readonly IIdentityService _identityService = identityService;
 
     public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request, RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/Common/Behaviours/LoggingBehaviour.cs

@@ -4,18 +4,11 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Behaviours;
 
-public class LoggingBehaviour<TRequest> : IRequestPreProcessor<TRequest> where TRequest : notnull
+public class LoggingBehaviour<TRequest>(ILogger<TRequest> logger, IUser user, IIdentityService identityService) : IRequestPreProcessor<TRequest> where TRequest : notnull
 {
-    private readonly ILogger _logger;
-    private readonly IUser _user;
-    private readonly IIdentityService _identityService;
-
-    public LoggingBehaviour(ILogger<TRequest> logger, IUser user, IIdentityService identityService)
-    {
-        _logger = logger;
-        _user = user;
-        _identityService = identityService;
-    }
+    private readonly ILogger _logger = logger;
+    private readonly IUser _user = user;
+    private readonly IIdentityService _identityService = identityService;
 
     public async Task Process(TRequest request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/Common/Behaviours/PerformanceBehaviour.cs

@@ -4,24 +4,15 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Behaviours;
 
-public class PerformanceBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse> : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : notnull
+public class PerformanceBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse>(
+    ILogger<TRequest> logger,
+    IUser user,
+    IIdentityService identityService) : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : notnull
 {
-    private readonly Stopwatch _timer;
-    private readonly ILogger<TRequest> _logger;
-    private readonly IUser _user;
-    private readonly IIdentityService _identityService;
-
-    public PerformanceBehaviour(
-        ILogger<TRequest> logger,
-        IUser user,
-        IIdentityService identityService)
-    {
-        _timer = new Stopwatch();
-
-        _logger = logger;
-        _user = user;
-        _identityService = identityService;
-    }
+    private readonly Stopwatch _timer = new Stopwatch();
+    private readonly ILogger<TRequest> _logger = logger;
+    private readonly IUser _user = user;
+    private readonly IIdentityService _identityService = identityService;
 
     public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request, RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/Common/Behaviours/UnhandledExceptionBehaviour.cs

@@ -2,14 +2,9 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Behaviours;
 
-public class UnhandledExceptionBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse> : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : notnull
+public class UnhandledExceptionBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse>(ILogger<TRequest> logger) : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : notnull
 {
-    private readonly ILogger<TRequest> _logger;
-
-    public UnhandledExceptionBehaviour(ILogger<TRequest> logger)
-    {
-        _logger = logger;
-    }
+    private readonly ILogger<TRequest> _logger = logger;
 
     public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request, RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/Common/Behaviours/ValidationBehaviour.cs

@@ -2,15 +2,10 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Behaviours;
 
-public class ValidationBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse> : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>
+public class ValidationBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse>(IEnumerable<IValidator<TRequest>> validators) : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>
      where TRequest : notnull
 {
-    private readonly IEnumerable<IValidator<TRequest>> _validators;
-
-    public ValidationBehaviour(IEnumerable<IValidator<TRequest>> validators)
-    {
-        _validators = validators;
-    }
+    private readonly IEnumerable<IValidator<TRequest>> _validators = validators;
 
     public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request, RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/Common/Exceptions/ValidationException.cs

@@ -5,18 +5,12 @@ namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Exceptions;
 public class ValidationException : Exception
 {
     public ValidationException()
-        : base("One or more validation failures have occurred.")
-    {
-        Errors = new Dictionary<string, string[]>();
-    }
+        : base("One or more validation failures have occurred.") => Errors = new Dictionary<string, string[]>();
 
     public ValidationException(IEnumerable<ValidationFailure> failures)
-        : this()
-    {
-        Errors = failures
+        : this() => Errors = failures
             .GroupBy(e => e.PropertyName, e => e.ErrorMessage)
             .ToDictionary(failureGroup => failureGroup.Key, failureGroup => failureGroup.ToArray());
-    }
 
     public IDictionary<string, string[]> Errors { get; }
 }

src/Application/Common/Models/PaginatedList.cs

@@ -1,19 +1,11 @@
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.Common.Models;
 
-public class PaginatedList<T>
+public class PaginatedList<T>(IReadOnlyCollection<T> items, int count, int pageNumber, int pageSize)
 {
-    public IReadOnlyCollection<T> Items { get; }
-    public int PageNumber { get; }
-    public int TotalPages { get; }
-    public int TotalCount { get; }
-
-    public PaginatedList(IReadOnlyCollection<T> items, int count, int pageNumber, int pageSize)
-    {
-        PageNumber = pageNumber;
-        TotalPages = (int)Math.Ceiling(count / (double)pageSize);
-        TotalCount = count;
-        Items = items;
-    }
+    public IReadOnlyCollection<T> Items { get; } = items;
+    public int PageNumber { get; } = pageNumber;
+    public int TotalPages { get; } = (int)Math.Ceiling(count / (double)pageSize);
+    public int TotalCount { get; } = count;
 
     public bool HasPreviousPage => PageNumber > 1;
 

src/Application/Common/Models/Result.cs

@@ -12,13 +12,7 @@ internal Result(bool succeeded, IEnumerable<string> errors)
 
     public string[] Errors { get; init; }
 
-    public static Result Success()
-    {
-        return new Result(true, Array.Empty<string>());
-    }
+    public static Result Success() => new Result(true, Array.Empty<string>());
 
-    public static Result Failure(IEnumerable<string> errors)
-    {
-        return new Result(false, errors);
-    }
+    public static Result Failure(IEnumerable<string> errors) => new Result(false, errors);
 }

src/Application/TodoItems/Commands/CreateTodoItem/CreateTodoItem.cs

@@ -11,14 +11,9 @@ public record CreateTodoItemCommand : IRequest<int>
     public string? Title { get; init; }
 }
 
-public class CreateTodoItemCommandHandler : IRequestHandler<CreateTodoItemCommand, int>
+public class CreateTodoItemCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context) : IRequestHandler<CreateTodoItemCommand, int>
 {
-    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context;
-
-    public CreateTodoItemCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context)
-    {
-        _context = context;
-    }
+    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context = context;
 
     public async Task<int> Handle(CreateTodoItemCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/TodoItems/Commands/CreateTodoItem/CreateTodoItemCommandValidator.cs

@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@
 
 public class CreateTodoItemCommandValidator : AbstractValidator<CreateTodoItemCommand>
 {
-    public CreateTodoItemCommandValidator()
-    {
-        RuleFor(v => v.Title)
+    public CreateTodoItemCommandValidator() => RuleFor(v => v.Title)
             .MaximumLength(200)
             .NotEmpty();
-    }
 }

src/Application/TodoItems/Commands/DeleteTodoItem/DeleteTodoItem.cs

@@ -5,14 +5,9 @@ namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.TodoItems.Commands.DeleteTodoItem;
 
 public record DeleteTodoItemCommand(int Id) : IRequest;
 
-public class DeleteTodoItemCommandHandler : IRequestHandler<DeleteTodoItemCommand>
+public class DeleteTodoItemCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context) : IRequestHandler<DeleteTodoItemCommand>
 {
-    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context;
-
-    public DeleteTodoItemCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context)
-    {
-        _context = context;
-    }
+    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context = context;
 
     public async Task Handle(DeleteTodoItemCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/TodoItems/Commands/UpdateTodoItem/UpdateTodoItem.cs

@@ -11,14 +11,9 @@ public record UpdateTodoItemCommand : IRequest
     public bool Done { get; init; }
 }
 
-public class UpdateTodoItemCommandHandler : IRequestHandler<UpdateTodoItemCommand>
+public class UpdateTodoItemCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context) : IRequestHandler<UpdateTodoItemCommand>
 {
-    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context;
-
-    public UpdateTodoItemCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context)
-    {
-        _context = context;
-    }
+    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context = context;
 
     public async Task Handle(UpdateTodoItemCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/TodoItems/Commands/UpdateTodoItem/UpdateTodoItemCommandValidator.cs

@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@
 
 public class UpdateTodoItemCommandValidator : AbstractValidator<UpdateTodoItemCommand>
 {
-    public UpdateTodoItemCommandValidator()
-    {
-        RuleFor(v => v.Title)
+    public UpdateTodoItemCommandValidator() => RuleFor(v => v.Title)
             .MaximumLength(200)
             .NotEmpty();
-    }
 }

src/Application/TodoItems/Commands/UpdateTodoItemDetail/UpdateTodoItemDetail.cs

@@ -14,14 +14,9 @@ public record UpdateTodoItemDetailCommand : IRequest
     public string? Note { get; init; }
 }
 
-public class UpdateTodoItemDetailCommandHandler : IRequestHandler<UpdateTodoItemDetailCommand>
+public class UpdateTodoItemDetailCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context) : IRequestHandler<UpdateTodoItemDetailCommand>
 {
-    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context;
-
-    public UpdateTodoItemDetailCommandHandler(IApplicationDbContext context)
-    {
-        _context = context;
-    }
+    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context = context;
 
     public async Task Handle(UpdateTodoItemDetailCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/TodoItems/EventHandlers/TodoItemCompletedEventHandler.cs

@@ -3,14 +3,9 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.TodoItems.EventHandlers;
 
-public class TodoItemCompletedEventHandler : INotificationHandler<TodoItemCompletedEvent>
+public class TodoItemCompletedEventHandler(ILogger<TodoItemCompletedEventHandler> logger) : INotificationHandler<TodoItemCompletedEvent>
 {
-    private readonly ILogger<TodoItemCompletedEventHandler> _logger;
-
-    public TodoItemCompletedEventHandler(ILogger<TodoItemCompletedEventHandler> logger)
-    {
-        _logger = logger;
-    }
+    private readonly ILogger<TodoItemCompletedEventHandler> _logger = logger;
 
     public Task Handle(TodoItemCompletedEvent notification, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/TodoItems/EventHandlers/TodoItemCreatedEventHandler.cs

@@ -3,14 +3,9 @@
 
 namespace CleanArchitecture.Application.TodoItems.EventHandlers;
 
-public class TodoItemCreatedEventHandler : INotificationHandler<TodoItemCreatedEvent>
+public class TodoItemCreatedEventHandler(ILogger<TodoItemCreatedEventHandler> logger) : INotificationHandler<TodoItemCreatedEvent>
 {
-    private readonly ILogger<TodoItemCreatedEventHandler> _logger;
-
-    public TodoItemCreatedEventHandler(ILogger<TodoItemCreatedEventHandler> logger)
-    {
-        _logger = logger;
-    }
+    private readonly ILogger<TodoItemCreatedEventHandler> _logger = logger;
 
     public Task Handle(TodoItemCreatedEvent notification, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {

src/Application/TodoItems/Queries/GetTodoItemsWithPagination/GetTodoItemsWithPagination.cs

@@ -11,23 +11,14 @@ public record GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQuery : IRequest<PaginatedList<TodoItemB
     public int PageSize { get; init; } = 10;
 }
 
-public class GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQueryHandler : IRequestHandler<GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQuery, PaginatedList<TodoItemBriefDto>>
+public class GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQueryHandler(IApplicationDbContext context, IMapper mapper) : IRequestHandler<GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQuery, PaginatedList<TodoItemBriefDto>>
 {
-    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context;
-    private readonly IMapper _mapper;
+    private readonly IApplicationDbContext _context = context;
+    private readonly IMapper _mapper = mapper;
 
-    public GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQueryHandler(IApplicationDbContext context, IMapper mapper)
-    {
-        _context = context;
-        _mapper = mapper;
-    }
-
-    public async Task<PaginatedList<TodoItemBriefDto>> Handle(GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQuery request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
-    {
-        return await _context.TodoItems
+    public async Task<PaginatedList<TodoItemBriefDto>> Handle(GetTodoItemsWithPaginationQuery request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) => await _context.TodoItems
             .Where(x => x.ListId == request.ListId)
             .OrderBy(x => x.Title)
             .ProjectTo<TodoItemBriefDto>(_mapper.ConfigurationProvider)
             .PaginatedListAsync(request.PageNumber, request.PageSize);
-    }
 }

src/Application/TodoItems/Queries/GetTodoItemsWithPagination/TodoItemBriefDto.cs

@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ public class TodoItemBriefDto
 
     private class Mapping : Profile
     {
-        public Mapping()
-        {
-            CreateMap<TodoItem, TodoItemBriefDto>();
-        }
+        public Mapping() => CreateMap<TodoItem, TodoItemBriefDto>();
     }
 }