Add Meson build system as alternative to CMake

include/meson.build

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+conf_data = configuration_data()
+conf_data.set('PROJECT_VERSION', meson.project_version())
+al_defs_h = configure_file(input: 'al_defs.h.in', output: 'al_defs.h', configuration: conf_data)
+
+public_headers = files(
+  'access_layer_base_plugin.h',
+  'access_layer_plugin.h',
+  'access_layer_plugin_manager.h',
+  'al_backend.h',
+  'al_const.h',
+  'al_context.h',
+  'al_exception.h',
+  'al_lowlevel.h',
+  'data_interpolation.h',
+  'extended_access_layer_plugin.h',
+  'provenance_plugin_feature.h',
+  'readback_plugin_feature.h',
+  'uri_parser.h',
+) + al_defs_h
+
+# Include both source include directory and build include directory
+public_includes = include_directories('.')
+install_headers(public_headers, subdir: 'al_core')

meson.build

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+project(
+  'imas-core',
+  ['c', 'cpp'],
+  license: 'LGPL-3.0-or-later',
+  meson_version: '>=1.1.0',
+  version: run_command(
+    'python', '-m', 'setuptools_scm', '--strip-dev',
+    check: true
+  ).stdout().strip(),
+  default_options: [
+    'c_std=c17',
+    'cpp_std=c++17',
+    'buildtype=debugoptimized',
+  ],
+)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Compiler and System Setup
+# =============================================================================
+cc = meson.get_compiler('c')
+cxx = meson.get_compiler('cpp')
+host_system = host_machine.system()
+host_cpu = host_machine.cpu_family()
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Access Layer core (al-core) Library
+# =============================================================================
+if get_option('al_core')
+  subdir('include')
+  subdir('src')
+else
+  # Use external al-core installation
+  al_core_dep = dependency('al-core', required: true)
+endif
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Dummy Executable for version printing
+# =============================================================================
+if get_option('al_dummy_exe')
+  imas_print_version = executable(
+    'imas_print_version',
+    'tests/imas_print_version.cpp',
+    dependencies: [al_core_dep],
+    install: true,
+  )
+  test('imas_print_version_test', imas_print_version)
+endif
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Test Low-level C API (al-core)
+# =============================================================================
+if get_option('al_test')
+  # subdir('tests')  # TODO: fix test sources
+endif
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Python Bindings (imas-core)
+# =============================================================================
+if get_option('python_bindings')
+  subdir('python')
+endif
+
+# =============================================================================
+# MDSplus Models
+# =============================================================================
+if get_option('mdsplus_models')
+  warning('MDSplus models are not yet supported in Meson build system.')
+  # subdir('models/mdsplus')
+endif
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Summary
+# =============================================================================
+if get_option('al_core')
+  summary(
+    {
+      'HDF5': get_option('al_backend_hdf5'),
+      'UDA': get_option('al_backend_uda'),
+      'MDSplus': get_option('al_backend_mdsplus'),
+    },
+    section: 'Backends',
+  )
+  summary(
+    {
+      'C++ Arguments': al_core_cpp_args,
+    },
+    section: 'Compiler Arguments',
+  )
+endif
+
+if get_option('python_bindings')
+  summary(
+    {
+      'Python Version': py.language_version(),
+      'Buildtime Python Path': py.full_path(),
+      'Cython Arguments': cython_args,
+    },
+    section: 'Python Bindings',
+  )
+endif

meson_options.txt

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+# =============================================================================
+# Libraries to build
+# =============================================================================
+
+option(
+       'al_core',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: true,
+       description: 'Build internal core library, or use external installation',
+)
+
+option(
+       'al_dummy_exe',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: false,
+       description: 'Build dummy executable that prints version information.',
+)
+
+option(
+       'al_test',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: false,
+       description: 'Build tests for al-core library',
+)
+
+option(
+       'python_bindings',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: true,
+       description: 'Build Python wrapper',
+)
+
+option(
+       'mdsplus_models',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: false,
+       description: 'Build MDSplus models (requires MDSplus installation)',
+)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Backends Options
+# =============================================================================
+
+option(
+       'al_backend_hdf5',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: true,
+       description: 'Enable HDF5 backend',
+)
+
+option(
+       'al_backend_uda',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: true,
+       description: 'Enable UDA backend',
+)
+
+option(
+       'al_backend_mdsplus',
+       type: 'boolean',
+       value: false,
+       description: 'Enable MDSplus backend',
+)

python/_version.py.in

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+__all__ = [
+    "__version__",
+    "__version_tuple__",
+    "version",
+    "version_tuple",
+    "__commit_id__",
+    "commit_id",
+]
+
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Tuple
+    from typing import Union
+
+    VERSION_TUPLE = Tuple[Union[int, str], ...]
+    COMMIT_ID = Union[str, None]
+else:
+    VERSION_TUPLE = object
+    COMMIT_ID = object
+
+version: str
+__version__: str
+__version_tuple__: VERSION_TUPLE
+version_tuple: VERSION_TUPLE
+commit_id: COMMIT_ID
+__commit_id__: COMMIT_ID
+
+__version__ = version = "@VERSION@"
+__version_tuple__ = version_tuple = @VERSION_TUPLE@
+
+__commit_id__ = commit_id = "@COMMIT_ID@"

python/meson.build

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+add_languages('cython', native: false)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Version File
+# =============================================================================
+# Get version using setuptools-scm
+version = run_command('python', '-m', 'setuptools_scm', check: true).stdout().strip()
+
+# Create tuple: split version like "5.5.2", ignoring dirty suffix etc.
+split_ver = version.split('.')
+ver_tuple = '(@0@, @1@, @2@)'.format(
+  split_ver[0],
+  split_ver[1],
+  split_ver[2],
+)
+
+# Get commit id
+git_commit = run_command('git', 'rev-parse', '--short', 'HEAD', check: false).stdout().strip()
+
+if git_commit == ''
+  git_commit = 'None'
+endif
+
+# Generate _version.py
+version_file = configure_file(
+  input: '_version.py.in',
+  output: '_version.py',
+  configuration: {
+    'VERSION': version,
+    'VERSION_TUPLE': ver_tuple,
+    'COMMIT_ID': git_commit,
+  },
+)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Modules and Dependencies
+# =============================================================================
+fs = import('fs')
+py = import('python').find_installation(pure: false)
+py_dep = dependency('python3', native: false)
+numpy_dep = dependency('numpy')
+
+cython_args = ['--annotate']
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Source files
+# =============================================================================
+py_files = files(
+  'imas_core/__init__.py',
+  'imas_core/exception.py',
+  'imas_core/imasdef.py',
+)
+pyx_files = files(
+  'imas_core/_al_lowlevel.pyx',
+  'imas_core/al_defs.pyx',
+)
+pxd_files = files(
+  'imas_core/al_defs.pxd',
+  'imas_core/al_lowlevel_interface.pxd',
+)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Build Python Extension Module
+# =============================================================================
+# compile cython
+foreach pyx_file : pyx_files
+  py.extension_module(
+    fs.stem(pyx_file),
+    pyx_file,
+    cython_args: cython_args,
+    dependencies: [al_core_dep, py_dep, numpy_dep],
+    install: true,
+    subdir: 'imas_core',
+  )
+endforeach
+
+# Install pure python files
+py.install_sources(py_files + pxd_files + version_file, subdir: 'imas_core')

src/hdf5/meson.build

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+hdf5_backend_sources = files(
+  'hdf5_backend.cpp',
+  'hdf5_backend_factory.cpp',
+  'hdf5_dataset_handler.cpp',
+  'hdf5_events_handler.cpp',
+  'hdf5_hs_selection_reader.cpp',
+  'hdf5_hs_selection_writer.cpp',
+  'hdf5_reader.cpp',
+  'hdf5_utils.cpp',
+  'hdf5_writer.cpp',
+)
+
+private_includes += [include_directories('.')]
+
+core_deps += dependency('hdf5', language: 'c', required: true)
+
+al_core_cpp_args += '-DHDF5'
+
+# Add HDF5 backend sources
+al_core_sources += hdf5_backend_sources