NOpfs!

NOPfs helps IPFS to say No!

NOPfs is an implementation of IPIP-383 which add supports for content blocking to the go-ipfs stack and particularly to Kubo.

Content-blocking in Kubo

1. Grab a plugin release from the releases section matching your Kubo version and install the plugin file in ~/.ipfs/plugins.
2. Write a custom denylist file (see syntax below) or simply download one of the supported denylists from Denyli.st and place them in ~/.config/ipfs/denylists/ (ensure .deny extension).
3. Start Kubo (ipfs daemon). The plugin should be loaded automatically and existing denylists tracked for updates from that point (no restarts required).

Denylist syntax

Denylist files must have the .deny extension. The content consists of an optional header and a body made of blocking rules as follows:

version: 1
name: IPFSorp blocking list
description: A collection of bad things we have found in the universe
author: [email protected]
hints:
  gateway_status: 410
  double_hash_fn: sha256
  double_hash_enc: hex
---
# Blocking by CID - blocks wrapped multihash.
# Does not block subpaths.
/ipfs/bafybeihvvulpp4evxj7x7armbqcyg6uezzuig6jp3lktpbovlqfkuqeuoq

# Block all subpaths
/ipfs/QmdWFA9FL52hx3j9EJZPQP1ZUH8Ygi5tLCX2cRDs6knSf8/*

# Block some subpaths (equivalent rules)
/ipfs/Qmah2YDTfrox4watLCr3YgKyBwvjq8FJZEFdWY6WtJ3Xt2/test*
/ipfs/QmTuvSQbEDR3sarFAN9kAeXBpiBCyYYNxdxciazBba11eC/test/*

# Block some subpaths with exceptions
/ipfs/QmUboz9UsQBDeS6Tug1U8jgoFkgYxyYood9NDyVURAY9pK/blocked*
+/ipfs/QmUboz9UsQBDeS6Tug1U8jgoFkgYxyYood9NDyVURAY9pK/blockednot
+/ipfs/QmUboz9UsQBDeS6Tug1U8jgoFkgYxyYood9NDyVURAY9pK/blocked/not
+/ipfs/QmUboz9UsQBDeS6Tug1U8jgoFkgYxyYood9NDyVURAY9pK/blocked/exceptions*

# Block IPNS domain name
/ipns/domain.example

# Block IPNS domain name and path
/ipns/domain2.example/path

# Block IPNS key - blocks wrapped multihash.
/ipns/k51qzi5uqu5dhmzyv3zac033i7rl9hkgczxyl81lwoukda2htteop7d3x0y1mf

# Legacy CID double-hash block
# sha256(bafybeiefwqslmf6zyyrxodaxx4vwqircuxpza5ri45ws3y5a62ypxti42e/)
# blocks only this CID
//d9d295bde21f422d471a90f2a37ec53049fdf3e5fa3ee2e8f20e10003da429e7

# Legacy Path double-hash block
# Blocks bafybeiefwqslmf6zyyrxodaxx4vwqircuxpza5ri45ws3y5a62ypxti42e/path
# but not any other paths.
//3f8b9febd851873b3774b937cce126910699ceac56e72e64b866f8e258d09572

# Double hash CID block
# base58btc-sha256-multihash(QmVTF1yEejXd9iMgoRTFDxBv7HAz9kuZcQNBzHrceuK9HR)
# Blocks bafybeidjwik6im54nrpfg7osdvmx7zojl5oaxqel5cmsz46iuelwf5acja
# and QmVTF1yEejXd9iMgoRTFDxBv7HAz9kuZcQNBzHrceuK9HR etc. by multihash
//QmX9dhRcQcKUw3Ws8485T5a9dtjrSCQaUAHnG4iK9i4ceM

# Double hash Path block using blake3 hashing
# base58btc-blake3-multihash(gW7Nhu4HrfDtphEivm3Z9NNE7gpdh5Tga8g6JNZc1S8E47/path)
# Blocks /ipfs/bafyb4ieqht3b2rssdmc7sjv2cy2gfdilxkfh7623nvndziyqnawkmo266a/path
# /ipfs/bafyb4ieqht3b2rssdmc7sjv2cy2gfdilxkfh7623nvndziyqnawkmo266a/path
# /ipfs/f01701e20903cf61d46521b05f926ba1634628d0bba8a7ffb5b6d5a3ca310682ca63b5ef0/path etc...
# But not /path2
//QmbK7LDv5NNBvYQzNfm2eED17SNLt1yNMapcUhSuNLgkqz

You can create double-hashes by hand with the following command:

printf "QmecDgNqCRirkc3Cjz9eoRBNwXGckJ9WvTdmY16HP88768/my/path" \
  | ipfs add --raw-leaves --only-hash --quiet \
  | ipfs cid format -f '%M' -b base58btc

where:

• QmecDgNqCRirkc3Cjz9eoRBNwXGckJ9WvTdmY16HP88768 must always be a CidV0. If you have a CIDv1 you need to convert it to CIDv0 first. i.e ipfs cid format -v0 bafybeihrw75yfhdx5qsqgesdnxejtjybscwuclpusvxkuttep6h7pkgmze
• /my/path is optional depending on whether you want to block a specific path. No wildcards supported here!
• The command above should give QmSju6XPmYLG611rmK7rEeCMFVuL6EHpqyvmEU6oGx3GR8. Use it as //QmSju6XPmYLG611rmK7rEeCMFVuL6EHpqyvmEU6oGx3GR8 on the denylist.

Kubo plugin

NOpfs Kubo plugin pre-built binary releases are available in the releases section.

Simply grab the binary for your system and drop it in the ~/.ipfs/plugins folder.

From that point, starting Kubo should load the plugin and automatically work with denylists (files with extension .deny) found in /etc/ipfs/denylists and $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/ipfs/denylists (usually ~/.config/ipfs/denylists). The plugin will log some lines as the ipfs daemon starts:

$ ipfs daemon --offline
Initializing daemon...
Kubo version: 0.21.0-rc1
Repo version: 14
System version: amd64/linux
Golang version: go1.19.10
2023-06-13T21:26:56.951+0200	INFO	nopfs	nopfs-kubo-plugin/plugin.go:59	Loading Nopfs plugin: content blocking
2023-06-13T21:26:56.952+0200	INFO	nopfs	[email protected]/denylist.go:165	Processing /home/user/.config/ipfs/denylists/badbits.deny: badbits (2023-03-27) by @Protocol Labs

The plugin can be manually built and installed for different versions of Kubo with:

git checkout nopfs-kubo-plugin/v<kubo-version>
make plugin
make install-plugin

Project layout

The NOpfs contains three separate Go-modules (versioned separately):

• The main module (github.com/ipfs-shipyard/nopfs) provides the implementation of a Blocker that works with IPIP-383 denylists (can parse, track and answer whether CIDs/paths are blocked)
• The ipfs submodule (github.com/ipfs-shipyard/nopfs/ipfs) provides blocking-wrappers for types in the Boxo/stack (Resolver, BlockService etc.). It's versioning tracks Boxo tags. i.e. v0.10.0 is compatible with [email protected].
• The nopfs-kubo-plugin submodule (github.com/ipfs-shipyard/nopfs/nopfs-kubo-plugin) contains only the code of the Kubo plugin, which injects blocking-wrappers into Kubo. It is tagged tracking Kubo releases.

This allows using the Blocker separately, or relying on blocking-wrappers separately in a way that it is easy to identify and select dependency-aligned versions with your project, without specifying more dependencies that needed.

Project status

• Support for blocking CIDs
• Support for blocking IPFS Paths
• Support for paths with wildcards (prefix paths)
• Support for blocking legacy badbits anchors
• Support for blocking double-hashed CIDs, IPFS paths, IPNS paths.
• Support for blocking prefix and non-prefix sub-path
• Support for denylist headers
• Support for denylist rule hints
• Support for allow rules (undo or create exceptions to earlier rules)
• Live processing of appended rules to denylists
• Content-blocking-enabled IPFS BlockService implementation
• Content-blocking-enabled IPFS NameSystem implementation
• Content-blocking-enabled IPFS Path resolver implementation
• Kubo plugin
• Automatic, comprehensive testing of all rule types and edge cases
• Work with a stable release of Kubo
• Prebuilt plugin binaries