FFMPEG is a video and audio converter as well as a live video/audio capture program with on-the-fly conversion capabilities.
Installation: Windows | Linux | Mac
General Syntax: ffmpeg [input file options] -i <input_file> [output file options] <outfile>
References: 19 ffmpeg commands for all needs
- Get Video Information
- Grab Frame Thumbnail
- Add Audio Track
- Format Conversion
- Join / Concatenate MP3 Files
- Mix a Video with a Sound File
- Trim and Cut
- Resizing Video
- Capture Video [Linux]
- Crop Video [Linux]
- Export Audio
- Show Video Information as JSON
- Encode Video Portion
- Replace Audio in a Video File
- Audio Slow Down
- Create a Video with Audio from an Image Still
- Extract Images from a Video
- Convert VIDEO_TS folder to video
- From left or right-only stereo to mono
- Normalize/Boost audio
- Convert Images into a Video
- Adding sound wave overlays to videos and pictures (Source: Christian Heilmann)
$ ffmpeg -i filename.flv
$ ffmpeg -ao dummy -vo dummy -identify filename.flv
$ ffprobe -hide_banner -stats -i toggle-custom-post-types.mp4
GET SPECIFIC INFORMATION:
$ ffprobe -v error -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=codec_name -of default=nokey=1:noprint_wrappers=1 input.mp4
Will output: h264
ffprobe -v error -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=width -of default=nokey=1:noprint_wrappers=1 toggle-custom-post-types.mp4
Will output: 1280
Other stream keys include:
codec_name=h264 codec_long_name=H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10 width=1280 height=772 r_frame_rate=8/1
References:
Is there a way to use ffmpeg to determine the encoding of a file before transcoding?
$ ffmpeg -i input.mov -vframes 1 -s 320x240 -ss 10 thumb.jpg
-vframes Single Frame
-ss Offset
$ ffmpeg -i rtmp://streamurl -r 1 frames/%04d-frame.png
This will consume the stream at rtmp://streamurl and output it as one PNG per second.
$ ffmpeg.exe -i input.flv -i input.audio.m4a -vcodec copy -acodec copy -map 0:0 -map 1:0 output.flv
AAC to WAV
$ ffmpeg -i input.aac output.wav
FLV to MPEG4
$ ffmpeg -i input.flv -acodec copy output.mp4
MP3 Quality => 320k
$ ffmpeg -i video.flv -ab 320k output.mp3
$ ffmpeg -i video.avi -f mp3 audio.mp3
-f Force the format
USING concat VIDEO FILTER (Performs re-encoding. Problem when dealing with videos of different resolution)
$ ffmpeg -i opening.mp4 -i content.mp4 -i ending.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v] [0:a] [1:v] [1:a] [2:v] [2:a] concat=n=3:v=1:a=1 [v] [a]" -map "[v]" -map "[a]" output.mp4
Use if your inputs do not have the same parameters (width, height, etc), or are not the same formats/codecs, or if you want to perform any filtering. (You could re-encode just the inputs that don't match so they share the same codec and other parameters, then use the concat demuxer to avoid re-encoding the other inputs).
USING concat DEMUXER ()
$ cat mylist.txt file '/path/to/file1' file '/path/to/file2' file '/path/to/file3'
$ ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -c copy output
Use when you want to avoid a re-encode and your format does not support file level concatenation (most files used by general users do not support file level concatenation).
USING concat PROTOCOL
$ ffmpeg -i "concat:input1|input2" -codec copy output
This method does not work for many formats, including MP4, due to the nature of these formats and the simplistic concatenation performed by this method.
Use with formats that support file level concatenation (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 PS, DV). Do not use with MP4.
REMOVE LAST 30" FROM A VIDEO FILE
Note: Video is 130"
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy -to 100 output.mp4
REMOVE FIRST 30" FROM AN MP3 FILE
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ss 30 -acodec copy output.mp3
Or (using the -c shortcut):
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ss 30 -c:a copy output.mp3
KEEP FIRST 30" OF A VIDEO FILE
$ ffmpeg -i input.mkv -t 30 -acodec copy -vcodec copy output.mkv
KEEP FIRST 30" OF AN MP3 FILE
-t 30 Keep only first 30 seconds
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -t 30 -acodec copy output.mp3
TRIM USING START AND END POSITION
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:03.000 -to 00:00:11.000 -c copy output.mp4
-ss and -to Using start and end position
General Syntax:
$ ffmpeg -i [input file] -ss hh:mm:ss[.xxx] -t [duration in seconds or hh:mm:ss[.xxx]] -vcodec copy -acodec copy [output file]
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -filter:v "crop=out_w:out_h:x:y" out.mp4
For parameters out_w, out_h, x and y see this SO answer
$ ffmpeg -i audio.aac outpuf.aiff
$ ffmpeg -i video.avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy -ss 00:00:00 -t 00:00:04 trimmed_video.avi
FLV -> MP3
$ ffmpeg -i input.flv -acodec libmp3lame -aq 4 output.mp3
FLV -> WAV
$ ffmpeg -i input.flv -vn -f wav output.wav
MP4 -> MP4-AUDIO
$ ffmpeg -i input.flv -c copy -map 0:a output_audio.mp4
MP4 -> MP3
$ ffmpeg -i input.flv [-b:a 192K -vn] music.mp3
MP4 -> FLAC
$ ffmpeg -i audio.xxx -c:a flac audio.flac
$ ffprobe -v quiet -print_format json -show_format -show_streams somefile.asf
$ ffmpeg -i video.avi -i audio.mp3 -map 0.0:1 -map 1:0 -f avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy output.avi
Given an image and an audio file, creates a video which is basically a still from the image with the audio file in the background.
The 66 below represents the length of the audio in seconds.
CREATE A 66" VIDEO FROM THE IMAGE
$ cat `for i in $(seq 1 66); do echo -n " black_still.jpg "; done;` | ffmpeg -r 1 -f mjpeg -i - -r 1 out1.mp4
TRIM THE MP3 FILE TO KEEP THE FIRST 66" OF AUDIO
$ ffmpeg -i audio.mp3 -t 66 -acodec copy output.mp3
MIX AUDIO AND VIDEO
$ ffmpeg -i out1.mp4 -i output.mp3 -vcodec copy finish.mp4
$ ffmpeg -i input.mpg image%d.jpg
This will create 25 images for every 1 second, but it may serve us to have more or less images, this can be achieved with the parameter -r
-r fps Set frame rate (default 25)
$ ffmpeg -i test.mpg -r 1 image%d.jpg
With this command you’ll get 1 image for every second.
You can also give a start time and the duration with the flags:
-ss position Seek to given time position in seconds. “hh:mm:ss[.xxx]” syntax is also supported.
-t duration Restrict the transcoded/captured video sequence to the duration specified in seconds. “hh:mm:ss[.xxx]” syntax is also supported.
This command will take 25 images images every second beginning at the tenth second, and continuing for 5 seconds
$ ffmpeg -i test.mpg -r 25 -ss 00:00:10 -t 00:00:05 images%05d.png
$ cat ./VIDEO_TS/*.VOB | ffmpeg -i - <out_name>.<out_format>
VIDEO: ffmpeg -i original.mov -af "volume=18dB" -c:v copy -c:a aac -b:a 192k normalized.mov
Important: watch out for the typos, e.g. 18db will fail, since the correct syntax is 18dB (uppercase B).
We also have created a handy shell (zsh) script that will normalize a file like this:
normalize file.mov
# Will create a file file.normalized.mov, normalized at 16dB (default)
normalize --db 12 movie.mp4
# Will create a file movie.normalized.mp4, normalized at 12dBYou can find the file here: ./scripts/normalize.sh
Suppose you have images in the format: frame01.jpg, frame02.jpg, frame03.jpg, etc.
ffmpeg -f image2 -i frame%d.jpg output.mp4
Adding sound wave overlay to a video:
ffmpeg -i Understandable.mp4 \ -filter_complex "[0:a][email protected]\ :scale=sqrt:mode=cline,format=yuva420p[v];\ [v]scale=1280:400[bg];\ [v][bg]overlay=(W-w)/2:H-h[outv]"\ -map "[outv]" -map 0:a -c:v libx264 -c:a copy \ waveform-sqrt-cline.mp4
You can find a detailed explanation for each of the parameters here.
Adding sound wave overlay to a picture:
ffmpeg -i Understandable.mp4 -i chris.jpg\ -filter_complex "[0:a][email protected]\ :scale=sqrt:mode=cline,format=yuva420p[v];\ [1:v]scale=400:400[bg];\ [bg][v]overlay=(W-w)/2:(H-h)/2[outv]"\ -map "[outv]" -map 0:a -c:v libx264 -c:a copy \ static-image.mp4
- Add entry about detecting the volume. Based on this post
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