2.1.11-rc.1: Environments tolerate concise configuration (#649)

* decompose unit tests, patch sync for environments

* remove logging, combine loops as per review comments

* Add NopCommand, log.error, and errors

* Allow concise config for Environments

This commit combines PR [616](https://github.com/github/safe-settings/pull/616) and [646](https://github.com/github/safe-settings/pull/646)

environments.js
Add defensive code to prevent the GitHub API from being called with undefined data.

In the UI, and API an environment can be added with just an name.
  Now, safe-settings permits this as well.
In the UI, and API an environment can be added without variables.
  Now, safe-settings permits this as well.
In the UI, and API an environment can be added without deployment_protection_rules.
  Now, safe-settings permits this as well.

environments.test.js
Add a test case for the scenario when there are zero existing environments
Add a test case for an environment name change
Add a test case inspired by PR 616 which adds 7 new environments with various attributes
Move expect statements out of aftereach() as there is now variability in what is expected across test cases.
  Specifically, when there is no existing environment, that environment should NOT be queried for variables nor deployment_protection_rules

* Update documentation: Environments permissions.

Addresses issue: [Environments do not get provisioned for repositories set to internal or private #623](https://github.com/github/safe-settings/issues/623)

Adds documentation for permissions required for safe-settings when Environments are used

[List Environments](https://docs.github.com/en/rest/deployments/environments?apiVersion=2022-11-28#list-environments) API requires:
```
The fine-grained token must have the following permission set:

"Actions" repository permissions (read)
```

[Create an environment variable](https://docs.github.com/en/rest/actions/variables?apiVersion=2022-11-28#create-an-environment-variable) API requires:
```
The fine-grained token must have the following permission set:

"Variables" repository permissions (write) and "Environments" repository permissions (write)
```

With permissions added, issue 623 was resolved.