Workaround for Typer optional default values with Python calls

spacy/cli/init_config.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from typing import Optional, List, Tuple
 from enum import Enum
 from pathlib import Path
+
+import typer.models
 from wasabi import Printer, diff_strings
 from thinc.api import Config
 import srsly
@@ -44,20 +46,37 @@ def init_config_cli(
 
     DOCS: https://spacy.io/api/cli#init-config
     """
-    pipeline = string_to_list(pipeline)
+
+    # Force default values for arguments, if Typer hasn't resolved them yet (might occur on calls from Python).
+    # Mandatory arguments are assigned ... as default value in Typer, hence we ignore those.
+    optional_args = {
+        arg_name: arg_value.default
+        if any(
+            [
+                isinstance(arg_value, typer_type)
+                for typer_type in (typer.models.OptionInfo, typer.models.ArgumentInfo)
+            ]
+        )
+        and arg_value.default != Ellipsis
+        else arg_value
+        for arg_name, arg_value in locals().items()
+    }
+
+    optional_args["pipeline"] = string_to_list(optional_args["pipeline"])
     is_stdout = str(output_file) == "-"
-    if not is_stdout and output_file.exists() and not force_overwrite:
+    if not is_stdout and output_file.exists() and not optional_args["force_overwrite"]:
         msg = Printer()
         msg.fail(
             "The provided output file already exists. To force overwriting the config file, set the --force or -F flag.",
             exits=1,
         )
+
     config = init_config(
-        lang=lang,
-        pipeline=pipeline,
-        optimize=optimize.value,
-        gpu=gpu,
-        pretraining=pretraining,
+        lang=optional_args["lang"],
+        pipeline=optional_args["pipeline"],
+        optimize=optional_args["optimize"],
+        gpu=optional_args["gpu"],
+        pretraining=optional_args["pretraining"],
         silent=is_stdout,
     )
     save_config(config, output_file, is_stdout=is_stdout)

spacy/tests/test_cli.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 from spacy.cli.debug_data import _get_labels_from_spancat
 from spacy.cli.download import get_compatibility, get_version
 from spacy.cli.init_config import RECOMMENDATIONS, init_config, fill_config
+from spacy.cli.init_config import init_config_cli, Optimizations
 from spacy.cli.package import get_third_party_dependencies
 from spacy.cli.package import _is_permitted_package_name
 from spacy.cli.validate import get_model_pkgs
@@ -740,3 +741,25 @@ def test_debug_data_compile_gold():
     eg = Example(pred, ref)
     data = _compile_gold([eg], ["ner"], nlp, True)
     assert data["boundary_cross_ents"] == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.issue(10727)
+def test_init_config_from_python_without_optional_args():
+    """
+    Tests calling init_config_cli() from Python with optional arguments not set. This should detect bugs related to
+    Typer not automatically setting default values for arguments when decorated functions are called from Python instead
+    from the CLI.
+    """
+
+    with make_tempdir() as temp_dir:
+        init_config_cli(output_file=temp_dir / "config.cfg")
+
+    with make_tempdir() as temp_dir:
+        init_config_cli(
+            output_file=temp_dir / "config.cfg",
+            lang="en",
+            pipeline="ner",
+            optimize=Optimizations.efficiency,
+            gpu=False,
+            pretraining=False,
+        )