Add the protein-translation exercise.

[MichaelBunker]

See the specification: https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/tree/main/exercises/protein-translation

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[neenjaw]

Looks good, once you look at the feedback for #534 I think a few of the same comments can be applied here, but I don't want to nag.

Happy to merge this optimistically, let me know what you'd like to do

[MichaelBunker]

@neenjaw This is ready for your review. Removed topics, changed the exception to \BadMethodCall and removed the use of static per your feedback.