Clickhouse Query Builder

Requirements

php 7.1

Install

Via composer

composer require esazykin/clickhouse-builder

Usage

For working query builder we must previously instantiate and pass in constructor the-tinderbox/clickhouse-php-client.

$server = new Tinderbox\Clickhouse\Server('127.0.0.1', '8123', 'default', 'user', 'pass');
$client = new Tinderbox\Clickhouse\Client($server);
$builder = new Builder($client);

After that we can build and perform sql queries.

Select columns

$builder->select('column', 'column2', 'column3 as alias');
$builder->select(['column', 'column2', 'column3 as alias']);
$builder->select(['column', 'column2', 'column3' => 'alias']);

All this calls will be transformed into next sql:

SELECT `column`, `column2`, `column3` AS `alias` 

Also, as a column we can pass closure. In this case in closure will be passed instance of Column class, inside which we can setup column how we want. This can be useful for difficult expressions with many functions, subqueries and etc.

$builder->select(function ($column) {
    $column->name('time')->sumIf('time', '>', 10); 
});

Will be compiled in:

SELECT sumIf(`time`, time > 10) 

$builder->select(function ($column) {
    $column->as('alias') //or ->name('alias') in this case
    ->query()
    ->select('column')
    ->from('table'); 
});

Will be compiled in:

SELECT  (SELECT `column` FROM `table) as `alias`

Same behavior can be also achieved by any of the following approaches:

$1 = $builder->select(function ($column) {
         $column->as('alias') //or ->name('alias') in this case
            ->query(function ($query) {
                $query->select('column')->from('table');
            })
});
$2 = $builder->select(function ($column) {
         $column->as('alias') //or ->name('alias') in this case
            ->query($builder->select('column')->from('table')); 
});

Notice! Functions on columns is not stable and under development.

From

$builder->select('column')->from('table', 'alias');

Produce the following query:

SELECT `column` FROM `table` as `alias` 

Also can be passed closure or builder as argument for performing sub query.

$builder->from(function ($from) {
    $from->query()->select('column')->from('table');
});

SELECT * FROM (SELECT `column` FROM `table`) 

or

$builder->from(function ($from) {
    $from->query(function ($query) {
        $query->select('column')->from('table');
    });
});

or

$builder->from(function ($from) {
    $from->query($builder->select('column')->from('table'));
});

or

$builder->from($builder->select('column')->from('table'));

It is all variants of the same sql query which was listed above.

Sample coefficient

$builder->select('column')->from('table')->sample(0.1);

SELECT `column` FROM `table` SAMPLE 0.1 

I think there no need for additional words)

Joins

$builder->from('table')->join('another_table', 'any', 'left', ['column1', 'column2'], true);

SELECT * FROM `table` GLOBAL ANY LEFT JOIN `another_table` USING `column1`, `column2` 

For performing subquery as first argument you can pass closure or builder.

$builder->from('table')->join(function ($query) {
    $query->select('column1', 'column2')->from('table2');
}, 'any', 'left', ['column1', 'column2']);

$builder->from('table')->join($builder->select('column1', 'column2')->from('table2'), 'any', 'left', ['column1', 'column2']);

SELECT * FROM `table` ANY LEFT JOIN (SELECT `column1`, `column2` FROM `table2`) USING `column1`, `column2` 

Also there are many helper functions with hardcoded arguments, like strict or type and they combinations.

$builder->from('table')->anyLeftJoin('table', ['column']);
$builder->from('table')->allLeftJoin('table', ['column']);
$builder->from('table')->allInnerJoin('table', ['column']);
$builder->from('table')->anyInnerJoin('table', ['column']);

$buulder->from('table')->leftJoin('table', 'any', ['column']);
$buulder->from('table')->innerJoin('table', 'all', ['column']);

Temporary tables usage

There are some cases when you need to filter f.e. users by their ids, but amount of ids is huge. You can store users ids in local file, upload it to server and use it as temporary table.

/*
 * Add file with users ids to builder as _users table
 * Also, we must define data structure in file. In example below
 * structure will be like ['UInt64']
 */
$builder->addFile('users.csv', '_users', ['UInt64']);
$builder->select(raw('count()'))->from('clicks')->whereIn('userId', new Identifier('_users'));

Will produce:

SELECT count() FROM `clicks` WHERE `userId` IN `_users`

If you want tables to be detected automatically, call addFile method before calling whereIn.

You can use local files in whereIn, prewhereIn, havingIn and join statements of query builder.

Prewhere, where, having

All example will be about where, but same behavior also is for prewhere and having.

$builder->from('table')->where('column', '=', 'value');
$builder->from('table')->where('column', 'value');

SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = 'value' 

All string values will be wrapped with single quotes. If operator is not provided = will be used. If operator is not provided and value is an array, then IN will be used.

$builder->from('table')->where(function ($query) {
    $query->where('column1', 'value')->where('column2', 'value');
});

SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE (`column1` = 'value' AND `column2` = 'value') 

If in the first argument was passed closure, then all wheres statements from inside will be wrapped with parenthesis. But if on that builder (inside closure) will be specified from then it will be transformed into subquery.

$builder->from('table')->where(function ($query) {
    $query->select('column')->from('table');
})

SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE (SELECT `column` FROM `table`) 

Almost same is for value parameter, except wrapping into parenthesis. Any closure or builder instance passed as value will be converted into subquery.

$builder->from('table')->where('column', 'IN', function ($query) {
    $query->select('column')->from('table');
});

SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` IN (SELECT `column` FROM `table`) 

Also you can pass internal representation of this statement and it will be used. I will no talk about this with deeper explanation because its not preferable way to use this.

Like joins there are many helpers with hardcoded parameters.

$builder->where();
$builder->orWhere();

$builder->whereRaw();
$builer->orWhereRaw();

$builder->whereIn();
$builder->orWhereIn();

$builder->whereGlobalIn();
$builder->orWhereGlobalIn();

$builder->whereGlobalNotIn();
$builder->orWhereGlobalNotIn();

$builder->whereNotIn();
$builder->orWhereNotIn();

$builder->whereBetween();
$builder->orWhereBetween();

$builder->whereNotBetween();
$builder->orWhereNotBetween();

$builder->whereBetweenColumns();
$builder->orWhereBetweenColumns();

$builder->whereNotBetweenColumns();
$builder->orWhereNotBetweenColumns();

Also there is method to make where by dictionary:

$builder->whereDict('dict', 'attribute', 'key', '=', 'value');

SELECT dictGetString('dict', 'attribute', 'key') as `attribute` WHERE `attribute` = 'value' 

If you want to use complex key, you may pass an array as $key, then array will be converted to tuple. By default all strings will be escaped by single quotes, but you may pass an Identifier instance to pass for example column name:

$builder->whereDict('dict', 'attribute', [new Identifier('column'), 'string value'], '=', 'value');

Will produce:

SELECT dictGetString('dict', 'attribute', tuple(`column`, 'string value')) as `attribute` WHERE `attribute` = 'value' 

Group By

Works like select.

$builder->from('table')->select('column', raw('count()')->groupBy('attribute');

Final query will be like:

SELECT `column`, count() FROM `table` GROUP BY `attribute`

Order By

$builder->from('table')->orderBy('column', 'asc', 'fr');

In the example above, third argument is optional

SELECT *  FROM `table` ORDER BY `column` ASC COLLATE 'fr'

Aliases:

$builder->orderByAsc('column');
$builder->orderByDesc('column');

For column there are same behaviour like in select method.

Limit

There are two types of limit. Limit and limit n by.

Limit n by:

$builder->from('table')->limitBy(1, 'column1', 'column2');

Will produce:

SELECT * FROM `table` LIMIT 1 BY `column1`, `column2` 

Simple limit:

$builder->from('table')->limit(10, 100);

Will produce:

SELECT * FROM `table` LIMIT 100, 10 

$builder->from('table')->limit(10, 100);

SELECT * FROM `table` LIMIT 100, 10

Union ALL

In unionAll method can be passed closure or builder instance. In case of closure inside will be passed builder instance.

$builder->from('table')->unionAll(function($query) {
    $query->select('column1')->from('table');
})->unionAll($builder->select('column2')->from('table'));

SELECT * FROM `table` UNION ALL SELECT `column1` FROM `table` UNION ALL SELECT `column2` FROM `table` 

Performing request and getting result.

After building request you must call get() method for sending request to the server. Also there has opportunity to make asynchronous requests. Its works almost like unionAll.

$builder->from('table')->asyncWithQuery(function($query) {
    $query->from('table');
});
$builder->from('table')->asyncWithQuery($builder->from('table'));
$builder->from('table')->asyncWithQuery()->from('table');

This callings will produce the same behavior. Two queries which will be executed asynchronous. Now, if you call get() method, as result will be returned array, where numeric index correspond to the result of request with this number.