webpy-socketio inherits from django-socketio. I just make it run on the webpy framewrok.
The features provided by webpy-socketio are:
- A channel subscription and broadcast system that extends Socket.IO allowing WebSockets and events to be partitioned into separate concerns
- A `signals`_-like event system that abstracts away the various stages of a Socket.IO request
- Support for out-of-band (non-event) broadcasts
- The required views, urlpatterns, templatetags and tests for all the above
Note that if you've never installed gevent, you'll first need to install the libevent development library. You may also need the Python development library if not installed. This can be achieved on Debian based sytems with the following commands:
$ sudo apt-get install python-dev $ sudo apt-get install libevent-dev $ sudo apt-get install python-gevent
Download gevent from http://www.gevent.org/:
$ sudo python setup.py install
You can download webpy-socketio and install it directly from source:
$ python setup.py install
Once installed you can then add webpy_socketio.socketio_urls to your url conf:
urls = (
...
)
urls += socketio_urls
The client-side JavaScripts for Socket.IO and its extensions can then
be added to any page with the socketio templatetag:
<head>
<!-- Mako template -->
<%include file="socketio_scripts.html"/>
<script>
var socket = new io.Socket();
socket.connect();
// etc
</script>
</head>
Please see main_app.py in the example directory:
#sample
import web
from socketio import SocketIOServer
from gevent import monkey
monkey.patch_all()
from webpy_socketio import *
urls = (
...
)
urls += socketio_urls
app = web.application(urls, globals())
SOCKETIO_HOST = ""
SOCKETIO_PORT = 8000
application = app.wsgifunc()
if __name__ == "__main__":
SocketIOServer((SOCKETIO_HOST, SOCKETIO_PORT), application, resource="socket.io").serve_forever()
Note that the host and port can also configured by defining the following settings in your project's settings module:
SOCKETIO_HOST- The host to bind the server to.SOCKETIO_PORT- The numeric port to bind the server to.
Note
On UNIX-like systems, in order for the flashsocket transport
fallback to work, root privileges (eg by running the above command
with sudo) are required when running the server. This is due to
the `Flash Policy Server`_ requiring access to a `low port`_ (843).
This isn't strictly required for everything to work correctly, as
the flashsocket transport is only used as one of several
fallbacks when WebSockets aren't supported by the browser.
The WebSocket implemented by gevent-websocket provides two methods for
sending data to other clients, socket.send which sends data to the
given socket instance, and socket.broadcast which sends data to all
socket instances other than itself.
A common requirement for WebSocket based applications is to divide
communications up into separate channels. For example a chat site may
have multiple chat rooms and rather than using broadcast which
would send a chat message to all chat rooms, each room would need a
reference to each of the connected sockets so that send can be
called on each socket when a new message arrives for that room.
webpy-socketio extends Socket.IO both on the client and server to provide channels that can be subscribed and broadcast to.
To subscribe to a channel client-side in JavaScript use the
socket.subscribe method:
var socket = new io.Socket();
socket.connect();
socket.on('connect', function() {
socket.subscribe('my channel');
});
Once the socket is subscribed to a channel, you can then
broadcast to the channel server-side in Python using the
socket.broadcast_channel method:
socket.broadcast_channel("my message")
Each server-side socket instance contains a handful of methods for sending data. As mentioned above, the first two methods are implemented by `gevent-socketio`_:
socket.send(message)- Sends the given message directly to the socket.socket.broadcast(message)- Sends the given message to all other sockets.
The remaning methods are implemented by webpy-socketio.
socket.broadcast_channel(message, channel=None)- Sends the given message to all other sockets that are subscribed to the given channel. If no channel is given, all channels that the socket is subscribed to are used. the socket.socket.send_and_broadcast(message)- Shortcut that sends the message to all sockects, including the sender.socket.send_and_broadcast_channel(message, channel=None)- Shortcut that sends the message to all sockects for the given channel, including the sender.
The following methods can be imported directly from
webpy_socketio for broadcasting and sending out-of-band (eg: not
in response to a socket event). These methods map directly to the same
methods on a socket instance, and in each case an appropriate connected
socket will be chosen to use for sending the message, and the
webpy_socketio.NoSocket exception will be raised if no connected
sockets exist.
webpy_socketio.broadcast(message)webpy_socketio.broadcast_channel(message, channel)webpy_socketio.send(session_id, message)
Note that with the send method, the socket is identified by its
session ID, accessible via socket.session.session_id. This is a
WebSocket session ID and should not be confused with a Webpy session
ID which is different.
The webpy_socketio.events module provides a handful of events
that can be subscribed to, very much like connecting receiver
functions to webpy signals. Each of these events are raised
throughout the relevant stages of a Socket.IO request. These events
represent the main approach for implementing your socket handling
logic when using webpy-socketio.
Events are subscribed to by applying each event as a decorator to your event handler functions:
from webpy_socketio.events import on_message
@on_message
def my_message_handler(request, socket, context, message):
...
Where should these event handlers live in your webpy project? They can go anywhere, so long as they're imported by webpy at startup time.
Each event handler takes at least three arguments: the current webpy
request, the Socket.IO socket the event occurred for, and a
context, which is simply a dictionary that can be used to persist
variables across all events throughout the life-cycle of a single
WebSocket connection.
on_connect(request, socket, context)- occurs once when the WebSocket connection is first established.on_message(request, socket, context, message)- occurs every time data is sent to the WebSocket. Takes an extramessageargument which contains the data sent.on_subscribe(request, socket, context, channel)- occurs when a channel is subscribed to. Takes an extrachannelargument which contains the channel subscribed to.on_unsubscribe(request, socket, context, channel)- occurs when a channel is unsubscribed from. Takes an extrachannelargument which contains the channel unsubscribed from.on_error(request, socket, context, exception)- occurs when an error is raised. Takes an extraexceptionargument which contains the exception for the error.on_disconnect(request, socket, context)- occurs once when the WebSocket disconnects.on_finish(request, socket, context)- occurs once when the Socket.IO request is finished.
Event handlers can be defined anywhere so long as they end up being imported. Consider adding them to their own module that gets imported by your urlconf, or even adding them to your views module since they're conceptually similar
to views.
All events other than the on_connect event can also be bound to
particular channels by passing a channel argument to the event
decorator. The channel argument can contain a regular expression
pattern used to match again multiple channels of similar function.
For example, suppose you implemented a chat site with multiple rooms. WebSockets would be the basis for users communicating within each chat room, however you may want to use them elsewhere throughout the site for different purposes, perhaps for a real-time admin dashboard. In this case there would be two distinct WebSocket uses, with the chat rooms each requiring their own individual channels.
Suppose each chat room user subscribes to a channel client-side using the room's ID:
var socket = new io.Socket();
var roomID = 42;
socket.connect();
socket.on('connect', function() {
socket.subscribe('room-' + roomID);
});
Then server-side the different message handlers are bound to each type of channel:
@on_message(channel="dashboard")
def my_dashboard_handler(request, socket, context, message):
...
@on_message(channel="^room-")
def my_chat_handler(request, socket, context, message):
...
The following setting can be used to configure logging:
SOCKETIO_MESSAGE_LOG_FORMAT- A format string used for logging each message sent via a socket. The string is formatted using interpolation with a dictionary. The dictionary contains all the keys found in webpy'sweb.ctx.env, as well asTIMEandMESSAGEkeys which contain the time of the message and the message contents respectively. Set this setting toNoneto disable message logging.
The "hello world" of WebSocket applications is naturally the chat
room. As such webpy-socketio comes with a demo chat application
that provides examples of the different events, channel and broadcasting
features available. The demo can be found in the example
directory of the webpy_socketio package.
- Recomplie nginx with
nginx_tcp_proxy_module::$ sudo nginx -V:
For my system (Debian squeeze), I see below:
$ configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx/ --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6Download ngnix source from
http://nginx.org/en/download.htmlDownload nginx_tcp_proxy_module from
https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_tcp_proxy_moduleUnzip nginx_tcp_proxy_module.zip
Do follow:
$ cd nginx-src-dir $ patch -p1 < /path/to/nginx_tcp_proxy_module/tcp.patch $ ./configure before_configure_arguments_with_nginx_-V --add-module=/path/to/nginx_tcp_proxy_module $ make $ sudo make installEdit
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:tcp { upstream websocket { # This is the local port running on your app # server, which is inaccessible from outside server 127.0.0.1:8000; #check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000; } } http{ ...If not exists, add
/etc/nginx/proxy_params:proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;Touch
/etc/nginx/conf.d/your_app.conf:upstream socketio_server { # For a TCP configuration: # Replace 8000 with app servers port server 127.0.0.1:8000 fail_timeout=0; # For a Unix Socket # server unix:/tmp/yourappserver.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { listen 80; client_max_body_size 4G; #server_name _; server_name your_server_name; access_log /var/log/your_app_access.log; error_log /var/log/your_app_error.log; keepalive_timeout 5; # path for static files location /static { root /path/to/static/files; } location / { include proxy_params; proxy_pass http://socketio_server; } }reference:http://readthedocs.org/docs/django-socketio/en/latest/#installation