♻️ methods for applying operations to DDs

[burgholzer]

Description

This PR adds a couple of convenience methods for applying operations to DDs.
This avoids having to duplicate the respective logic in top-level libraries like DDSIM or QCEC.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 83.13253% with 14 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 91.9%. Comparing base (9be9167) to head (7860cb8).

Files	Patch %	Lines
include/mqt-core/dd/Operations.hpp	74.5%	13 Missing ⚠️
include/mqt-core/dd/Package.hpp	92.3%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main    #674     +/-   ##
=======================================
+ Coverage   87.0%   91.9%   +4.8%     
=======================================
  Files        125     125             
  Lines      13780   13833     +53     
  Branches    2164    2171      +7     
=======================================
+ Hits       11997   12717    +720     
+ Misses      1783    1116    -667     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	91.6% <83.1%> (+5.0%)	⬆️
python	99.7% <ø> (ø)

Files	Coverage Δ
include/mqt-core/dd/Simulation.hpp	100.0% <100.0%> (ø)
...-core/ir/operations/ClassicControlledOperation.hpp	96.7% <100.0%> (+<0.1%)	⬆️
src/dd/FunctionalityConstruction.cpp	94.8% <100.0%> (+70.6%)	⬆️
src/dd/Simulation.cpp	96.0% <100.0%> (+96.0%)	⬆️
include/mqt-core/dd/Package.hpp	97.0% <92.3%> (+1.3%)	⬆️
include/mqt-core/dd/Operations.hpp	85.4% <74.5%> (-2.7%)	⬇️

... and 17 files with indirect coverage changes