feat: add FastAppend

src/iceberg/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ set(ICEBERG_SOURCES
     manifest/manifest_group.cc
     manifest/manifest_list.cc
     manifest/manifest_reader.cc
+    manifest/manifest_util.cc
     manifest/manifest_writer.cc
     manifest/rolling_manifest_writer.cc
     manifest/v1_metadata.cc
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ set(ICEBERG_SOURCES
     transform_function.cc
     type.cc
     update/expire_snapshots.cc
+    update/fast_append.cc
     update/pending_update.cc
     update/snapshot_update.cc
     update/update_location.cc

src/iceberg/constants.h

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace iceberg {
 
 constexpr std::string_view kParquetFieldIdKey = "PARQUET:field_id";
 constexpr int64_t kInvalidSnapshotId = -1;
+constexpr int64_t kInvalidSequenceNumber = -1;
 /// \brief Stand-in for the current sequence number that will be assigned when the commit
 /// is successful. This is replaced when writing a manifest list by the ManifestFile
 /// adapter.

src/iceberg/inheritable_metadata.cc

@@ -21,14 +21,16 @@
 
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <iceberg/result.h>
-
 #include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_entry.h"
 #include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_list.h"
-#include "iceberg/snapshot.h"
 
 namespace iceberg {
 
+InheritableMetadata::~InheritableMetadata() = default;
+BaseInheritableMetadata::~BaseInheritableMetadata() = default;
+CopyInheritableMetadata::~CopyInheritableMetadata() = default;
+EmptyInheritableMetadata::~EmptyInheritableMetadata() = default;
+
 BaseInheritableMetadata::BaseInheritableMetadata(int32_t spec_id, int64_t snapshot_id,
                                                  int64_t sequence_number,
                                                  std::string manifest_location)

src/iceberg/inheritable_metadata.h

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace iceberg {
 /// from the manifest file. This interface provides a way to apply such inheritance rules.
 class ICEBERG_EXPORT InheritableMetadata {
  public:
-  virtual ~InheritableMetadata() = default;
+  virtual ~InheritableMetadata();
 
   /// \brief Apply inheritable metadata to a manifest entry.
   /// \param entry The manifest entry to modify.
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ class ICEBERG_EXPORT BaseInheritableMetadata : public InheritableMetadata {
 
   Status Apply(ManifestEntry& entry) override;
 
+  ~BaseInheritableMetadata() override;
+
  private:
   int32_t spec_id_;
   int64_t snapshot_id_;
@@ -72,6 +74,8 @@ class ICEBERG_EXPORT BaseInheritableMetadata : public InheritableMetadata {
 class ICEBERG_EXPORT EmptyInheritableMetadata : public InheritableMetadata {
  public:
   Status Apply(ManifestEntry& entry) override;
+
+  ~EmptyInheritableMetadata() override;
 };
 
 /// \brief Metadata inheritance for copying manifests before commit.
@@ -83,6 +87,8 @@ class ICEBERG_EXPORT CopyInheritableMetadata : public InheritableMetadata {
 
   Status Apply(ManifestEntry& entry) override;
 
+  ~CopyInheritableMetadata() override;
+
  private:
   int64_t snapshot_id_;
 };

src/iceberg/manifest/manifest_reader.cc

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "iceberg/expression/expression.h"
 #include "iceberg/expression/projections.h"
 #include "iceberg/file_format.h"
+#include "iceberg/inheritable_metadata.h"
 #include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_entry.h"
 #include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_list.h"
 #include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_reader_internal.h"
@@ -998,18 +999,22 @@ Result<std::unique_ptr<ManifestReader>> ManifestReader::Make(
 }
 
 Result<std::unique_ptr<ManifestReader>> ManifestReader::Make(
-    std::string_view manifest_location, std::shared_ptr<FileIO> file_io,
-    std::shared_ptr<Schema> schema, std::shared_ptr<PartitionSpec> spec) {
-  if (file_io == nullptr || schema == nullptr || spec == nullptr) {
-    return InvalidArgument(
-        "FileIO, Schema, and PartitionSpec cannot be null to create ManifestReader");
+    std::string_view manifest_location, std::optional<int64_t> manifest_length,
+    std::shared_ptr<FileIO> file_io, std::shared_ptr<Schema> schema,
+    std::shared_ptr<PartitionSpec> spec,
+    std::unique_ptr<InheritableMetadata> inheritable_metadata,
+    std::optional<int64_t> first_row_id) {
+  ICEBERG_PRECHECK(file_io != nullptr, "FileIO cannot be null to read manifest");
+  ICEBERG_PRECHECK(schema != nullptr, "Schema cannot be null to read manifest");
+  ICEBERG_PRECHECK(spec != nullptr, "PartitionSpec cannot be null to read manifest");
+
+  if (inheritable_metadata == nullptr) {
+    ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(inheritable_metadata, InheritableMetadataFactory::Empty());
   }
 
-  // No metadata to inherit in this case.
-  ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto inheritable_metadata, InheritableMetadataFactory::Empty());
   return std::make_unique<ManifestReaderImpl>(
-      std::string(manifest_location), std::nullopt, std::move(file_io), std::move(schema),
-      std::move(spec), std::move(inheritable_metadata), std::nullopt);
+      std::string(manifest_location), manifest_length, std::move(file_io),
+      std::move(schema), std::move(spec), std::move(inheritable_metadata), first_row_id);
 }
 
 Result<std::unique_ptr<ManifestListReader>> ManifestListReader::Make(

src/iceberg/manifest/manifest_reader.h

@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@
 /// \file iceberg/manifest/manifest_reader.h
 /// Data reader interface for manifest files.
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
@@ -92,13 +94,19 @@ class ICEBERG_EXPORT ManifestReader {
 
   /// \brief Creates a reader for a manifest file.
   /// \param manifest_location Path to the manifest file.
+  /// \param manifest_length Length of the manifest file.
   /// \param file_io File IO implementation to use.
   /// \param schema Schema used to bind the partition type.
   /// \param spec Partition spec used for this manifest file.
+  /// \param inheritable_metadata Inheritable metadata.
+  /// \param first_row_id First row ID to use for the manifest entries.
   /// \return A Result containing the reader or an error.
   static Result<std::unique_ptr<ManifestReader>> Make(
-      std::string_view manifest_location, std::shared_ptr<FileIO> file_io,
-      std::shared_ptr<Schema> schema, std::shared_ptr<PartitionSpec> spec);
+      std::string_view manifest_location, std::optional<int64_t> manifest_length,
+      std::shared_ptr<FileIO> file_io, std::shared_ptr<Schema> schema,
+      std::shared_ptr<PartitionSpec> spec,
+      std::unique_ptr<InheritableMetadata> inheritable_metadata,
+      std::optional<int64_t> first_row_id = std::nullopt);
 
   /// \brief Add stats columns to the column list if needed.
   static std::vector<std::string> WithStatsColumns(

src/iceberg/manifest/manifest_util.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+
+#include "iceberg/inheritable_metadata.h"
+#include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_entry.h"
+#include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_reader.h"
+#include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_util_internal.h"
+#include "iceberg/manifest/manifest_writer.h"
+#include "iceberg/result.h"
+#include "iceberg/schema.h"
+#include "iceberg/snapshot.h"
+#include "iceberg/util/macros.h"
+
+namespace iceberg {
+
+Result<ManifestFile> CopyAppendManifest(
+    const ManifestFile& manifest, const std::shared_ptr<FileIO>& file_io,
+    const std::shared_ptr<Schema>& schema, const std::shared_ptr<PartitionSpec>& spec,
+    int64_t snapshot_id, const std::string& output_path, int8_t format_version,
+    SnapshotSummaryBuilder* summary_builder) {
+  // use metadata that will add the current snapshot's ID for the rewrite
+  // read first_row_id as null because this copies the incoming manifest before commit
+  ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto inheritable_metadata,
+                          InheritableMetadataFactory::ForCopy(snapshot_id));
+  ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(
+      auto reader,
+      ManifestReader::Make(manifest.manifest_path, manifest.manifest_length, file_io,
+                           schema, spec, std::move(inheritable_metadata),
+                           /*first_row_id=*/std::nullopt));
+  ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto entries, reader->Entries());
+
+  // do not produce row IDs for the copy
+  ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(
+      auto writer, ManifestWriter::MakeWriter(
+                       format_version, snapshot_id, output_path, file_io, spec, schema,
+                       ManifestContent::kData, /*first_row_id=*/std::nullopt));
+
+  for (auto& entry : entries) {
+    ICEBERG_CHECK(entry.status == ManifestStatus::kAdded,
+                  "Manifest to copy must only contain added entries");
+    if (summary_builder != nullptr && entry.data_file != nullptr) {
+      ICEBERG_RETURN_UNEXPECTED(summary_builder->AddedFile(*spec, *entry.data_file));
+    }
+
+    ICEBERG_RETURN_UNEXPECTED(writer->WriteAddedEntry(entry));
+  }
+
+  ICEBERG_RETURN_UNEXPECTED(writer->Close());
+  return writer->ToManifestFile();
+}
+
+}  // namespace iceberg

src/iceberg/manifest/manifest_util_internal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+/// \file iceberg/manifest/manifest_util_internal.h
+/// Internal utility functions for manifest operations.
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "iceberg/iceberg_export.h"
+#include "iceberg/result.h"
+#include "iceberg/type_fwd.h"
+
+namespace iceberg {
+
+/// \brief Copy an append manifest with a new snapshot ID.
+///
+/// This function copies a manifest file that contains only ADDED entries,
+/// rewriting it with a new snapshot ID. This is similar to Java's
+/// ManifestFiles.copyAppendManifest.
+///
+/// \param manifest The manifest file to copy
+/// \param file_io File IO implementation to use
+/// \param schema Table schema
+/// \param spec Partition spec for the manifest
+/// \param snapshot_id The new snapshot ID to assign to entries
+/// \param output_path Path where the new manifest will be written
+/// \param format_version Table format version
+/// \param summary_builder Optional summary builder to update with file metrics
+/// \return The copied manifest file, or an error
+ICEBERG_EXPORT Result<ManifestFile> CopyAppendManifest(
+    const ManifestFile& manifest, const std::shared_ptr<FileIO>& file_io,
+    const std::shared_ptr<Schema>& schema, const std::shared_ptr<PartitionSpec>& spec,
+    int64_t snapshot_id, const std::string& output_path, int8_t format_version,
+    SnapshotSummaryBuilder* summary_builder = nullptr);
+
+}  // namespace iceberg

src/iceberg/meson.build

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ iceberg_sources = files(
     'manifest/manifest_group.cc',
     'manifest/manifest_list.cc',
     'manifest/manifest_reader.cc',
+    'manifest/manifest_util.cc',
     'manifest/manifest_writer.cc',
     'manifest/rolling_manifest_writer.cc',
     'manifest/v1_metadata.cc',
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ iceberg_sources = files(
     'transform_function.cc',
     'type.cc',
     'update/expire_snapshots.cc',
+    'update/fast_append.cc',
     'update/pending_update.cc',
     'update/snapshot_update.cc',
     'update/update_location.cc',

src/iceberg/table.cc

@@ -199,6 +199,13 @@ Result<std::shared_ptr<UpdateLocation>> Table::NewUpdateLocation() {
   return transaction->NewUpdateLocation();
 }
 
+Result<std::shared_ptr<FastAppend>> Table::NewFastAppend() {
+  ICEBERG_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(
+      auto transaction, Transaction::Make(shared_from_this(), Transaction::Kind::kUpdate,
+                                          /*auto_commit=*/true));
+  return transaction->NewFastAppend();
+}
+
 Result<std::shared_ptr<StagedTable>> StagedTable::Make(
     TableIdentifier identifier, std::shared_ptr<TableMetadata> metadata,
     std::string metadata_location, std::shared_ptr<FileIO> io,

src/iceberg/table.h

@@ -156,6 +156,9 @@ class ICEBERG_EXPORT Table : public std::enable_shared_from_this<Table> {
   /// changes.
   virtual Result<std::shared_ptr<UpdateLocation>> NewUpdateLocation();
 
+  /// \brief Create a new FastAppend to append data files and commit the changes.
+  virtual Result<std::shared_ptr<FastAppend>> NewFastAppend();
+
  protected:
   Table(TableIdentifier identifier, std::shared_ptr<TableMetadata> metadata,
         std::string metadata_location, std::shared_ptr<FileIO> io,

src/iceberg/table_metadata.h

@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ struct ICEBERG_EXPORT TableMetadata {
   static constexpr int8_t kMinFormatVersionRowLineage = 3;
   static constexpr int8_t kMinFormatVersionDefaultValues = 3;
   static constexpr int64_t kInitialSequenceNumber = 0;
-  static constexpr int64_t kInvalidSequenceNumber = -1;
   static constexpr int64_t kInitialRowId = 0;
 
   static inline const std::unordered_map<TypeId, int8_t> kMinFormatVersions = {};

src/iceberg/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@ if(ICEBERG_BUILD_BUNDLE)
                    USE_BUNDLE
                    SOURCES
                    expire_snapshots_test.cc
+                   fast_append_test.cc
                    transaction_test.cc
                    update_location_test.cc
                    update_partition_spec_test.cc