CLI-979: Consolidate update-check logic

[danepowell]

Fix #1403

Waiting on consolidation/self-update#34

[danepowell]

I've added caching to the self-update library and created a new ticket to poll less often in the first place.

Just need to get tests passing now.

[github-actions]

Try the dev build for this PR: https://acquia-cli.s3.amazonaws.com/build/pr/1774/acli.phar

curl -OL https://acquia-cli.s3.amazonaws.com/build/pr/1774/acli.phar
chmod +x acli.phar

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 92.21%. Comparing base (402fbef) to head (62b8e53).
Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##               main    #1774      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     92.02%   92.21%   +0.19%     
+ Complexity     1826     1817       -9     
============================================
  Files           121      121              
  Lines          6844     6811      -33     
============================================
- Hits           6298     6281      -17     
+ Misses          546      530      -16     

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