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Translation phase 2 is specified as a set of operations on the token stream in the C specification. Translation phase 2 in the spec is described as:
Each instance of a backslash character ( ) immediately followed by a new-line
character is deleted, splicing physical source lines to form logical source lines.
Only the last backslash on any physical source line shall be eligible for being part
of such a splice. A source file that is not empty shall end in a new-line character,
which shall not be immediately preceded by a backslash character before any such
splicing takes place.
In our phase 2, we also remove single-line comments, while multi-line comments are removed during the lexing stage.