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- added new grammar points to the grammar index. (#295)
  - Frequency Adverbs
  - Word Order
  - The Topic Particle は
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@SethClydesdale
SethClydesdale committed Dec 29, 2024
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204 changes: 195 additions & 9 deletions lessons-3rd/appendix/grammar-index/index.html
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margin-left:0;
}

.table.grammar-table .table { margin:10px 0; }

.table.grammar-table td {
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}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -182,6 +184,7 @@ <h2 id="quick-nav">Quick Navigation</h2>
<li><a href="#lesson-grammar-1">Lesson 1: New Friends</a></li>
<li><a href="#lesson-grammar-2">Lesson 2: Shopping</a></li>
<li><a href="#lesson-grammar-3">Lesson 3: Making a Date</a></li>
<li><a href="#lesson-grammar-4">Lesson 4: The First Date</a></li>
</ul>
</div>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -945,8 +948,8 @@ <h3 id="l2-p3" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="koko、soko、asoko、doko
<tr>
<td><ruby>文型<rt>ぶんけい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
a. PLACEはどこですか<br>
b. (PLACEは){ここ／そこ／あそこ}です
a. Placeはどこですか<br>
b. (Placeは){ここ／そこ／あそこ}です
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1590,9 +1593,9 @@ <h3 id="l3-p3" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="wo、de、ni、e、direct o
<td><ruby>文型<rt>ぶんけい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
a. NをV<br>
b. LOCATIONでV<br>
c. LOCATION/TIMEにV<br>
d. LOCATIONへV
b. LocationでV<br>
c. Location/TimeにV<br>
d. LocationへV
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ex-list">
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1744,7 +1747,190 @@ <h3 id="l3-p5" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="masenka、won't you?、woul
</tr>
</table><br>

<br><h3 id="placeholder" class="workbook-title"><em>Coming soon...</em></h3>
<h3 id="l3-p6" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="時々、ときどき、tokidoki、全然、ぜんぜん、zenzen、あまり、amari、sometimes、not at all、never、not very much、not often、every day、often、毎日、まいにち、mainichi、よく、yoku">6. Frequency Adverbs <span class="page-data">Genki I: p.91</span></h3>
<table class="table grammar-table">
<tr>
<td><ruby>本文<rt>ほんぶん</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>
メアリーさん、<ruby>週末<rt>しゅうまつ</rt></ruby>は<strong class="main-color">たいてい</strong><ruby>何<rt>なに</rt></ruby>をしますか。【Dialogue I: //.1】<br>
Mary what do you <strong class="main-color">usually</strong> do on the weekend?
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ruby>説明<rt>せつめい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
Frequency adverbs, such as <ruby>毎日<rt>まいにち</rt></ruby> (every day), よく (often), and <ruby>時々<rt>ときどき</rt></ruby> (sometimes) can be added to a sentence to describe how often one does something.
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example"><ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>は<strong class="main-color"><ruby>時々<rt>ときどき</rt></ruby></strong><ruby>図書館<rt>としょかん</rt></ruby>に<ruby>行<rt>い</rt></ruby>きます。</div>
<div class="example">I <strong class="main-color">sometimes</strong> go to the library.</div>
</div><br>

There are also adverbs for describing how infrequent an activity or event is: <ruby>全然<rt>ぜんぜん</rt></ruby> (never; not at all) and あまり (not often; not very much). These adverbs must be used with the negative form of a verb when describing infrequency. That is, the sentence must end with ません (or an equivalent negative form).
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example"><ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>は<strong class="main-color"><ruby>全然<rt>ぜんぜん</rt></ruby></strong>テレビを<ruby>見<rt>み</rt></ruby><span class="ul-color">ません</span>。</div>
<div class="example">I <span class="ul-color">do not</span> watch TV <strong class="main-color">at all</strong>.</div>
</div>
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example">たけしさんは<strong class="main-color">あまり</strong><ruby>勉強<rt>べんきょう</rt></ruby>し<span class="ul-color">ません</span>。</div>
<div class="example">Takeshi <span class="ul-color">does not</span> study <strong class="main-color">very much</strong>.</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ruby>英訳<rt>えいやく</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
<strong>Frequency</strong><br>
<ruby>毎日<rt>まいにち</rt></ruby> = every day<br>
よく = often<br>
たいてい = usually<br>
<ruby>時々<rt>ときどき</rt></ruby> = sometimes<br><br>

<strong>Infrequency</strong><br>
<ruby>全然<rt>ぜんぜん</rt></ruby> = never; not at all<br>
あまり = not often; not very much
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ruby>文型<rt>ぶんけい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
a. Adverb～V-stemます (Frequency)<br>
b. Adverb～V-stemません (Infrequency)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ruby>例文<rt>れいぶん</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
<ol>
<li>
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example"><ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>は<strong class="main-color"><ruby>毎日<rt>まいにち</rt></ruby></strong><ruby>朝<rt>あさ</rt></ruby>ご<ruby>飯<rt>はん</rt></ruby>を<ruby>食<rt>た</rt></ruby>べます。</div>
<div class="example">I eat breakfast <strong class="main-color">every day</strong>.</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example">メアリーさんは<strong class="main-color">よく</strong><ruby>勉強<rt>べんきょう</rt></ruby>します。</div>
<div class="example">Mary studies <strong class="main-color">often</strong>.</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ex-list">
<td><ruby>練習<rt>れんしゅう</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../lesson-3/grammar-9/">Practice: Frequency Adverbs</a></li>
<li><a href="../../lesson-3/workbook-6/">Workbook: Frequency Adverbs</a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table><br>

<h3 id="l3-p7" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="topic、time、place、object、verb、frequency、goal、sentence order">7. Word Order <span class="page-data">Genki I: p.91</span></h3>
<table class="table grammar-table">
<tr>
<td><ruby>説明<rt>せつめい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
Japanese sentences are fairly flexible in the arrangement of elements that appear in them. Generally, sentences are made up of several noun-particle squences followed by a verb or an adjective. A typical sentence, therefore, looks like the following, but several other arrangements of noun-particle sequences are also possible.
<table class="table alt-cell-color center">
<tr>
<td><ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>は</td>
<td><ruby>今日<rt>きょう</rt></ruby></td>
<td><ruby>図書館<rt>としょかん</rt></ruby>で</td>
<td><ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>を</td>
<td><ruby>勉強<rt>べんきょう</rt></ruby>します。</td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-head main-color">
<td>topic</td>
<td>time</td>
<td>place</td>
<td>object</td>
<td>verb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5">I will study Japanese in the library today.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>

<table class="table alt-cell-color center">
<tr>
<td><ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>は</td>
<td>よく</td>
<td><ruby>七時<rt>しちじ</rt></ruby>ごろ</td>
<td>うちで</td>
<td><ruby>帰<rt>かえ</rt></ruby>ります。</td>
</tr>
<tr class="table-head main-color">
<td>topic</td>
<td>frequency</td>
<td>time</td>
<td>goal</td>
<td>verb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5">I often go back home at around seven.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table><br>

<h3 id="l3-p8" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="ha、wa, subject">8. The Topic Particle は <span class="page-data">Genki I: p.91-92</span></h3>
<table class="table grammar-table">
<tr>
<td><ruby>本文<rt>ほんぶん</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>
メアリーさん、<strong class="main-color"><ruby>週末<rt>しゅうまつ</rt></ruby>は</strong>たいてい<ruby>何<rt>なに</rt></ruby>をしますか。【Dialogue I: //.1】<br>
Mary, what do you usually do on <strong class="main-color">the weekend</strong>?
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ruby>説明<rt>せつめい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>
The particle は (pronounced <em>wa</em>) is used to mark the topic of a sentence or conversation. It basically puts forward what you want to talk about. You may have noticed that the topic phrases in sentences such as メアリーさんは<ruby>二年生<rt>にねんせい</rt></ruby>です (Mary is a sophomore), and <ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>の<ruby>専攻<rt>せんこう</rt></ruby>は<ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>です (My major is Japanese), are the subjects of those sentences. A topic phrase doesn't need to be the subject of a sentence, however. There were three sentences in Lessons 3's dialogue where nonsubject phrases are made topics with the help of the particle は.
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example">メアリーさん、<strong class="main-color"><ruby>週末<rt>しゅうまつ</rt></ruby>は</strong>たいてい<ruby>何<rt>なに</rt></ruby>をしますか。</div>
<div class="example">Mary, what do you usually do on <strong class="main-color">the weekend</strong>.</div>
</div>
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example"><strong class="main-color"><ruby>今日<rt>きょう</rt></ruby>は</strong><ruby>京都<rt>きょうと</rt></ruby>に<ruby>行<rt>い</rt></ruby>きます。</div>
<div class="example">I'm going to Kyoto <strong class="main-color">today</strong>.</div>
</div>
In the examples above, は presents time expressions as the topic of each sentence. Its effects can be paraphased like so: "Let's talk about weekends; what do you do on the weekend?" "Let me say what I will do today; I will go to Kyoto."<br>
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example">
Ａ：<strong class="main-color"><ruby>晩<rt>ばん</rt></ruby>ご<ruby>飯<rt>はん</rt></ruby>は</strong>？<br>
Ｂ：<ruby>食<rt>た</rt></ruby>べません。
</div>
<div class="example">
Ａ：How about <strong class="main-color">dinner</strong>?<br>
Ｂ：I will not eat.
</div>
</div>
In this example, は is used in directing the listener's attention (with rising intonation) and inviting a comment or completion of a sentence. You may notice that the topic, <ruby>晩<rt>ばん</rt></ruby>ご<ruby>飯<rt>はん</rt></ruby>, does not act as a subject here, but is rather a direct object to the verb <ruby>食<rt>た</rt></ruby>べる.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><ruby>文型<rt>ぶんけい</rt></ruby></td>
<td>Topicは～</td>
</tr>
</table><br>
</div>

<h2 id="lesson-grammar-4" class="lesson-title">Lesson 4: The First Date <span class="page-data">Genki I: p.107-113</span></h2>
<div class="center"><button id="toggler-4" class="button grammar-toggler" onclick="GRIndex.toggle(this, 4);"><i class="fa">&#xf07c;</i>Show Grammar Points</button></div>
<div id="exercises-4" class="lesson-exercises">
<h3 id="placeholder" class="workbook-title"><em>Coming soon...</em></h3>
</div>

<!--
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<h3 id="placeholder" class="workbook-title"><em>More coming soon...</em></h3>
</div>
<h3 id="l3-p" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="">. <span class="page-data">Genki I: p.</span></h3>
<h3 id="l4-p" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="">. <span class="page-data">Genki I: p.</span></h3>
<table class="table grammar-table">
<tr>
<td><ruby>本文<rt>ほんぶん</rt></ruby></td>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1785,8 +1971,8 @@ <h3 id="l3-p" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="">. <span class="page-data"
<ol>
<li>
<div class="columns-2-in">
<div class="example"></div>
<div class="example"></div>
<div class="example"><strong class="main-color"></strong></div>
<div class="example"><strong class="main-color"></strong></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions lessons-3rd/lesson-3/grammar-9/index.html
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Expand Up @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
<script>Genki.generateQuiz({
format : 'practice',
type : ['multi', 'fill'],
info : ['How often do you do the following activities? Answer the questions using the expressions and cues below.<br><br>'+
info : ['How often do you do the following activities? Answer the questions using the {!GRI|frequency adverbs|l3-p6} and cues below.<br><br>'+
'<table class="center" style="width:200px;">'+
'<tr>'+
'<td>'+
Expand All @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>

'<td>～ません</td>'+
'</tr>'+
'</table>', 'How often do you do the following activities? Answer the questions using the expressions and cues below.'],
'</table>', 'How often do you do the following activities? Answer the questions using the {!GRI|frequency adverbs|l3-p6} and cues below.'],

questionsAlignLeft : true,
quizlet : [
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Expand Up @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
<script src="../../../resources/javascript/all.min.js"></script>
<script>Genki.generateQuiz({
type : 'fill',
info : 'Translate the following sentences into Japanese.',
info : 'Translate the following sentences into Japanese. {!GRI|Click here|l3-p6} to review Frequency Adverbs.',

quizlet :
'<div class="count-problems">'+
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Expand Up @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
<script src="../../../resources/javascript/all.min.js"></script>
<script>Genki.generateQuiz({
type : 'fill',
info : 'Translate the following sentences into Japanese.',
info : 'Translate the following sentences into Japanese. {!GRI|Click here|l3-p6} to review Frequency Adverbs.',

quizlet :
'<div class="count-problems">'+
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Expand Up @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>

quizlet :
'<div class="count-problems">'+
'<p class="section-desc">Translate the following sentences into Japanese. If you are unclear about word order, read Grammar 6 in Lesson 3 (Genki I: p.92-93) once again.</p>'+
'<p class="section-desc">Translate the following sentences into Japanese. If you are unclear about word order, read {!GRI|Grammar 6|l3-p7} in Lesson 3 (Genki I: p.92-93) once again.</p>'+
'<div class="problem">'+
'Mary watched TV for two hours yesterday.<br>'+
'メアリーさんは{きのう}{二時間|にじかん|answer}{テレビを見ました|テレビをみました|answer}。'+
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