Renderer: Added camera boundaries to CameraManager and clamping #1682.

libopenage/presenter/presenter.cpp

@@ -121,7 +121,17 @@ void Presenter::init_graphics(bool debug) {
 		this->camera->resize(w, h);
 	});
 
+	// Camera manager
 	this->camera_manager = std::make_shared<renderer::camera::CameraManager>(this->camera);
+	// TODO: Make boundaries dynamic based on map size.
+	this->camera_manager->set_camera_boundaries(
+		renderer::camera::CameraBoundaries{
+			renderer::camera::X_BOUND_MIN,
+			renderer::camera::X_BOUND_MAX,
+			renderer::camera::Y_BOUND_MIN,
+			renderer::camera::Y_BOUND_MAX,
+			renderer::camera::Z_BOUND_MIN,
+			renderer::camera::Z_BOUND_MAX});
 
 	// Skybox
 	this->skybox_renderer = std::make_shared<renderer::skybox::SkyboxRenderStage>(

libopenage/renderer/camera/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 add_sources(libopenage
+    boundaries.cpp
 	camera.cpp
     definitions.cpp
     frustum_2d.cpp

libopenage/renderer/camera/boundaries.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Copyright 2024-2024 the openage authors. See copying.md for legal info.
+
+#include "boundaries.h"
+
+
+namespace openage::renderer::camera {
+
+
+} // namespace openage::renderer::camera

libopenage/renderer/camera/boundaries.h

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright 2024-2024 the openage authors. See copying.md for legal info.
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace openage::renderer::camera {
+
+/**
+ * Defines boundaries for the camera's view.
+ */
+struct CameraBoundaries {
+	/// The minimum boundary for the camera's X-coordinate.
+	float x_min;
+	/// The maximum boundary for the camera's X-coordinate.
+	float x_max;
+	/// The minimum boundary for the camera's Y-coordinate.
+	float y_min;
+	/// The maximum boundary for the camera's Y-coordinate.
+	float y_max;
+	/// The minimum boundary for the camera's Z-coordinate.
+	float z_min;
+	/// The maximum boundary for the camera's Z-coordinate.
+	float z_max;
+};
+
+} // namespace openage::renderer::camera

libopenage/renderer/camera/camera.cpp

@@ -61,38 +61,7 @@ Camera::Camera(const std::shared_ptr<Renderer> &renderer,
 }
 
 void Camera::look_at_scene(Eigen::Vector3f scene_pos) {
-	if (scene_pos[1] > this->scene_pos[1]) {
-		// TODO: camera can't look at a position that's
-		//       higher than it's own position
-	}
-
-	// TODO: Although the below method should be faster, calculating and adding the direction
-	//       vector from scene_pos to new_pos may be easier to understand
-	//       i.e. new_pos = scene_pos + b/sin(30) * direction_vec
-
-	// due to the fixed angle, the centered scene position
-	// and the new camera position form a right triangle.
-	//
-	//           c - + new camera pos
-	//          -    |b
-	// center +------+
-	//            a
-	//
-	// we can calculate the new camera position via the offset a
-	// using the angle and length of side b.
-	auto y_delta = this->scene_pos[1] - scene_pos[1]; // b (vertical distance)
-	auto xz_distance = y_delta * std::numbers::sqrt3; // a (horizontal distance); a = b * (cos(30°) / sin(30°))
-
-	// get x and z offsets
-	// the camera is pointed diagonally to the negative x and z axis
-	// a is the length of the diagonal from camera.xz to scene_pos.xz
-	// so the x and z offest are sides of a square with the same diagonal
-	auto side_length = xz_distance / std::numbers::sqrt2;
-	auto new_pos = Eigen::Vector3f(
-		scene_pos[0] + side_length,
-		this->scene_pos[1], // height unchanged
-		scene_pos[2] + side_length);
-
+	auto new_pos = calc_look_at(scene_pos);
 	this->move_to(new_pos);
 }
 
@@ -102,15 +71,17 @@ void Camera::look_at_coord(coord::scene3 coord_pos) {
 	this->look_at_scene(scene_pos);
 }
 
-void Camera::move_to(Eigen::Vector3f scene_pos) {
-	// TODO: Check and set bounds for where the camera can go and check them here
+void Camera::move_to(Eigen::Vector3f scene_pos, const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries) {
+	scene_pos[0] = std::clamp(scene_pos[0], camera_boundaries.x_min, camera_boundaries.x_max);
+	scene_pos[1] = std::clamp(scene_pos[1], camera_boundaries.y_min, camera_boundaries.y_max);
+	scene_pos[2] = std::clamp(scene_pos[2], camera_boundaries.z_min, camera_boundaries.z_max);
 
 	this->scene_pos = scene_pos;
 	this->moved = true;
 }
 
-void Camera::move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f direction, float delta) {
-	this->move_to(this->scene_pos + (direction * delta));
+void Camera::move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f direction, float delta, const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries) {
+	this->move_to(this->scene_pos + (direction * delta), camera_boundaries);
 }
 
 void Camera::set_zoom(float zoom) {
@@ -292,8 +263,43 @@ void Camera::init_uniform_buffer(const std::shared_ptr<Renderer> &renderer) {
 	this->uniform_buffer = renderer->add_uniform_buffer(ubo_info);
 }
 
+Eigen::Vector3f Camera::calc_look_at(Eigen::Vector3f target) {
+	if (target[1] > this->scene_pos[1]) {
+		// TODO: camera can't look at a position that's
+		//       higher than it's own position
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Although the below method should be faster, calculating and adding the direction
+	//       vector from scene_pos to new_pos may be easier to understand
+	//       i.e. new_pos = scene_pos + b/sin(30) * direction_vec
+
+	// due to the fixed angle, the centered scene position
+	// and the new camera position form a right triangle.
+	//
+	//           c - + new camera pos
+	//          -    |b
+	// center +------+
+	//            a
+	//
+	// we can calculate the new camera position via the offset a
+	// using the angle and length of side b.
+	auto y_delta = this->scene_pos[1] - target[1];    // b (vertical distance)
+	auto xz_distance = y_delta * std::numbers::sqrt3; // a (horizontal distance); a = b * (cos(30°) / sin(30°))
+
+	// get x and z offsets
+	// the camera is pointed diagonally to the negative x and z axis
+	// a is the length of the diagonal from camera.xz to scene_pos.xz
+	// so the x and z offest are sides of a square with the same diagonal
+	auto side_length = xz_distance / std::numbers::sqrt2;
+	return Eigen::Vector3f(
+		target[0] + side_length,
+		this->scene_pos[1], // height unchanged
+		target[2] + side_length);
+}
+
 inline float Camera::get_real_zoom_factor() const {
 	return 0.5f * this->default_zoom_ratio * this->zoom;
 }
 
+
 } // namespace openage::renderer::camera

libopenage/renderer/camera/camera.h

@@ -4,14 +4,17 @@
 
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <limits>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 
 #include <eigen3/Eigen/Dense>
 
 #include "coord/pixel.h"
 #include "coord/scene.h"
 #include "util/vector.h"
 
+#include "renderer/camera/boundaries.h"
 #include "renderer/camera/definitions.h"
 #include "renderer/camera/frustum_2d.h"
 #include "renderer/camera/frustum_3d.h"
@@ -83,18 +86,21 @@ class Camera {
 	 * Move the camera position in the direction of a given vector.
 	 *
 	 * @param scene_pos New 3D position of the camera in the scene.
+	 * @param camera_boundaries 3D boundaries for the camera.
 	 */
-	void move_to(Eigen::Vector3f scene_pos);
+	void move_to(Eigen::Vector3f scene_pos, const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries = DEFAULT_CAM_BOUNDARIES);
 
 	/**
-	 * Move the camera position in the direction of a given vector.
+	 * Move the camera position in the direction of a given vector taking the
+	 * camera boundaries into account.
 	 *
 	 * @param direction Direction vector. Added to the current position.
 	 * @param delta Delta for controlling the amount by which the camera is moved. The
 	 *              value is multiplied with the directional vector before its applied to
 	 *              the positional vector.
+	 * @param camera_boundaries 3D boundaries for the camera.
 	 */
-	void move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f direction, float delta = 1.0f);
+	void move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f direction, float delta = 1.0f, const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries = DEFAULT_CAM_BOUNDARIES);
 
 	/**
 	 * Set the zoom level of the camera. Values smaller than 1.0f let the
@@ -200,6 +206,7 @@ class Camera {
 	 */
 	const Frustum3d get_frustum_3d() const;
 
+
 private:
 	/**
 	 * Create the uniform buffer for the camera.
@@ -208,6 +215,13 @@ class Camera {
 	 */
 	void init_uniform_buffer(const std::shared_ptr<Renderer> &renderer);
 
+	/**
+	 * Calculates the camera's position needed to center its view on the given target.
+	 *
+	 * @param target The target position in the 3D scene the camera should focus on.
+	 */
+	Eigen::Vector3f calc_look_at(Eigen::Vector3f target);
+
 	/**
 	 * Get the zoom factor applied to the camera projection.
 	 *

libopenage/renderer/camera/definitions.h

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <eigen3/Eigen/Dense>
+#include <limits>
 
+#include "renderer/camera/boundaries.h"
 
 namespace openage::renderer::camera {
 
@@ -58,4 +60,23 @@ static constexpr float DEFAULT_MAX_ZOOM_OUT = 64.0f;
  */
 static constexpr float DEFAULT_ZOOM_RATIO = 1.0f / 49;
 
+static constexpr CameraBoundaries DEFAULT_CAM_BOUNDARIES{
+	std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest(),
+	std::numeric_limits<float>::max(),
+	std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest(),
+	std::numeric_limits<float>::max(),
+	std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest(),
+	std::numeric_limits<float>::max()};
+
+/**
+ * Constant values for the camera bounds (based on current fix terrain grid of 20x20).
+ * TODO: Make boundaries dynamic based on map size.
+ */
+static constexpr float X_BOUND_MIN = 12.25f;
+static constexpr float X_BOUND_MAX = 32.25f;
+static constexpr float Y_BOUND_MIN = 0.0f;
+static constexpr float Y_BOUND_MAX = 20.0f;
+static constexpr float Z_BOUND_MIN = -8.25f;
+static constexpr float Z_BOUND_MAX = 12.25f;
+
 } // namespace openage::renderer::camera

libopenage/renderer/demo/demo_3.cpp

@@ -52,6 +52,18 @@ void renderer_demo_3(const util::Path &path) {
 	// it is updated each frame before the render stages
 	auto cam_manager = std::make_shared<renderer::camera::CameraManager>(camera);
 
+	// Set boundaries for camera movement in the scene
+	// this restricts camera movement to the area defined by the boundaries
+	// i.e. the map terrain in this case
+	cam_manager->set_camera_boundaries(
+		camera::CameraBoundaries{
+			12.25f,
+			22.25f,
+			0.0f,
+			20.0f,
+			2.25f,
+			12.25f});
+
 	// Render stages
 	// every stage use a different subrenderer that manages renderables,
 	// shaders, textures & more.

libopenage/renderer/stages/camera/manager.cpp

@@ -3,19 +3,21 @@
 #include "manager.h"
 
 #include <eigen3/Eigen/Dense>
+#include <numbers>
 
-#include "renderer/camera/camera.h"
 #include "renderer/uniform_buffer.h"
 #include "renderer/uniform_input.h"
 
 namespace openage::renderer::camera {
 
-CameraManager::CameraManager(const std::shared_ptr<renderer::camera::Camera> &camera) :
+CameraManager::CameraManager(const std::shared_ptr<renderer::camera::Camera> &camera,
+                             const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries) :
 	camera{camera},
 	move_motion_directions{static_cast<int>(MoveDirection::NONE)},
 	zoom_motion_direction{static_cast<int>(ZoomDirection::NONE)},
 	move_motion_speed{0.2f},
-	zoom_motion_speed{0.05f} {
+	zoom_motion_speed{0.05f},
+	camera_boundaries{camera_boundaries} {
 	this->uniforms = this->camera->get_uniform_buffer()->new_uniform_input(
 		"view",
 		camera->get_view_matrix(),
@@ -33,18 +35,18 @@ void CameraManager::move_frame(MoveDirection direction, float speed) {
 	case MoveDirection::LEFT:
 		// half the speed because the relationship between forward/back and
 		// left/right is 1:2 in our ortho projection.
-		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f), speed / 2);
+		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f), speed / 2, this->camera_boundaries);
 		break;
 	case MoveDirection::RIGHT:
 		// half the speed because the relationship between forward/back and
 		// left/right is 1:2 in our ortho projection.
-		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f), speed / 2);
+		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f), speed / 2, this->camera_boundaries);
 		break;
 	case MoveDirection::FORWARD:
-		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f), speed);
+		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f), speed, this->camera_boundaries);
 		break;
 	case MoveDirection::BACKWARD:
-		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f), speed);
+		this->camera->move_rel(Eigen::Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f), speed, this->camera_boundaries);
 		break;
 
 	default:
@@ -66,6 +68,10 @@ void CameraManager::zoom_frame(ZoomDirection direction, float speed) {
 	}
 }
 
+void CameraManager::set_camera_boundaries(const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries) {
+	this->camera_boundaries = camera_boundaries;
+}
+
 void CameraManager::update_motion() {
 	if (this->move_motion_directions != static_cast<int>(MoveDirection::NONE)) {
 		Eigen::Vector3f move_dir{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
@@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ void CameraManager::update_motion() {
 			move_dir += Eigen::Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
 		}
 
-		this->camera->move_rel(move_dir, this->move_motion_speed);
+		this->camera->move_rel(move_dir, this->move_motion_speed, this->camera_boundaries);
 	}
 
 	if (this->zoom_motion_direction != static_cast<int>(ZoomDirection::NONE)) {

libopenage/renderer/stages/camera/manager.h

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <utility>
 
+#include "renderer/camera/camera.h"
 
 namespace openage::renderer {
 class UniformBufferInput;
@@ -47,8 +49,10 @@ class CameraManager {
 	 * Create a new camera manager.
 	 *
 	 * @param camera Camera to manage.
+	 * @param camera_boundaries Boundaries for the camera movement in the scene.
 	 */
-	CameraManager(const std::shared_ptr<renderer::camera::Camera> &camera);
+	CameraManager(const std::shared_ptr<renderer::camera::Camera> &camera,
+	              const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries = DEFAULT_CAM_BOUNDARIES);
 	~CameraManager() = default;
 
 	/**
@@ -103,6 +107,13 @@ class CameraManager {
 	 */
 	void set_zoom_motion_speed(float speed);
 
+	/**
+	 * Set boundaries for camera movement in the scene.
+	 *
+	 * @param camera_boundaries XYZ boundaries for the camera movement.
+	 */
+	void set_camera_boundaries(const CameraBoundaries &camera_boundaries);
+
 private:
 	/**
 	 * Update the camera parameters.
@@ -143,6 +154,11 @@ class CameraManager {
 	 * Uniform buffer input for the camera.
 	 */
 	std::shared_ptr<renderer::UniformBufferInput> uniforms;
+
+	/**
+	 * Camera boundaries for X and Z movement. Contains minimum and maximum values for each axes.
+	 */
+	CameraBoundaries camera_boundaries;
 };
 
 } // namespace camera