Update dependency @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable to v4.9.6 [SECURITY]

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Adoption	Passing	Confidence
@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable (source)	4.7.3 -> 4.9.6

GitHub Vulnerability Alerts

CVE-2023-30541

Impact

A function in the implementation contract may be inaccessible if its selector clashes with one of the proxy's own selectors. Specifically, if the clashing function has a different signature with incompatible ABI encoding, the proxy could revert while attempting to decode the arguments from calldata.

The probability of an accidental clash is negligible, but one could be caused deliberately.

Patches

The issue has been fixed in v4.8.3.

Workarounds

If a function appears to be inaccessible for this reason, it may be possible to craft the calldata such that ABI decoding does not fail at the proxy and the function is properly proxied through.

References

https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4154

CVE-2023-30542

Impact

The proposal creation entrypoint (propose) in GovernorCompatibilityBravo allows the creation of proposals with a signatures array shorter than the calldatas array. This causes the additional elements of the latter to be ignored, and if the proposal succeeds the corresponding actions would eventually execute without any calldata. The ProposalCreated event correctly represents what will eventually execute, but the proposal parameters as queried through getActions appear to respect the original intended calldata.

Patches

This issue has been patched in v4.8.3.

Workarounds

Ensure that all proposals that pass through governance have equal length signatures and calldatas parameters.

CVE-2023-34234

Impact

By frontrunning the creation of a proposal, an attacker can become the proposer and gain the ability to cancel it. The attacker can do this repeatedly to try to prevent a proposal from being proposed at all.

This impacts the Governor contract in v4.9.0 only, and the GovernorCompatibilityBravo contract since v4.3.0.

Patches

The problem has been patched in 4.9.1 by introducing opt-in frontrunning protection.

Workarounds

Submit the proposal creation transaction to an endpoint with frontrunning protection.

Credit

Reported by Lior Abadi and Joaquin Pereyra from Coinspect.

References

https://www.coinspect.com/openzeppelin-governor-dos/

CVE-2023-34459

Impact

When the verifyMultiProof, verifyMultiProofCalldata, processMultiProof, or processMultiProofCalldata functions are in use, it is possible to construct merkle trees that allow forging a valid multiproof for an arbitrary set of leaves.

A contract may be vulnerable if it uses multiproofs for verification and the merkle tree that is processed includes a node with value 0 at depth 1 (just under the root). This could happen inadvertently for balanced trees with 3 leaves or less, if the leaves are not hashed. This could happen deliberately if a malicious tree builder includes such a node in the tree.

A contract is not vulnerable if it uses single-leaf proving (verify, verifyCalldata, processProof, or processProofCalldata), or if it uses multiproofs with a known tree that has hashed leaves. Standard merkle trees produced or validated with the @​openzeppelin/merkle-tree library are safe.

Patches

The problem has been patched in 4.9.2.

Workarounds

If you are using multiproofs: When constructing merkle trees hash the leaves and do not insert empty nodes in your trees. Using the @​openzeppelin/merkle-tree package eliminates this issue. Do not accept user-provided merkle roots without reconstructing at least the first level of the tree. Verify the merkle tree structure by reconstructing it from the leaves.

CVE-2023-40014

Impact

OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.9.3, contracts using ERC2771Context along with a custom trusted forwarder may see _msgSender return address(0) in calls that originate from the forwarder with calldata shorter than 20 bytes. This combination of circumstances does not appear to be common, in particular it is not the case for MinimalForwarder from OpenZeppelin Contracts, or any deployed forwarder the team is aware of, given that the signer address is appended to all calls that originate from these forwarders.

Patches

The problem has been patched in v4.9.3.

CVE-2024-27094

Impact

The Base64.encode function encodes a bytes input by iterating over it in chunks of 3 bytes. When this input is not a multiple of 3, the last iteration may read parts of the memory that are beyond the input buffer.

Although the encode function pads the output for these cases, up to 4 bits of data are kept between the encoding and padding, corrupting the output if these bits were dirty (i.e. memory after the input is not 0). These conditions are more frequent in the following scenarios:

• A bytes memory struct is allocated just after the input and the first bytes of it are non-zero.
• The memory pointer is set to a non-empty memory location before allocating the input.

Developers should evaluate whether the extra bits can be maliciously manipulated by an attacker.

Patches

Upgrade to 5.0.2 or 4.9.6.

References

This issue was reported by the Independent Security Researcher Riley Holterhus through Immunefi (@​rileyholterhus on X)

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Release Notes

OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable (@​openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable)

v4.9.6

Compare Source

• Base64: Fix issue where dirty memory located just after the input buffer is affecting the result. (#​4929)

v4.9.5

Compare Source

• Multicall: Patch duplicated Address.functionDelegateCall.

v4.9.4

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• ERC2771Context and Context: Introduce a _contextPrefixLength() getter, used to trim extra information appended to msg.data.
• Multicall: Make aware of non-canonical context (i.e. msg.sender is not _msgSender()), allowing compatibility with ERC2771Context.

v4.9.3

Compare Source

Note
This release contains a fix for GHSA-g4vp-m682-qqmp.

• ERC2771Context: Return the forwarder address whenever the msg.data of a call originating from a trusted forwarder is not long enough to contain the request signer address (i.e. msg.data.length is less than 20 bytes), as specified by ERC-2771. (#​4481)
• ERC2771Context: Prevent revert in _msgData() when a call originating from a trusted forwarder is not long enough to contain the request signer address (i.e. msg.data.length is less than 20 bytes). Return the full calldata in that case. (#​4484)

v4.9.2

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• MerkleProof: Fix a bug in processMultiProof and processMultiProofCalldata that allows proving arbitrary leaves if the tree contains a node with value 0 at depth 1.

v4.9.1

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• Governor: Add a mechanism to restrict the address of the proposer using a suffix in the description.

v4.9.0

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• ReentrancyGuard: Add a _reentrancyGuardEntered function to expose the guard status. (#​3714)
• ERC721Wrapper: add a new extension of the ERC721 token which wraps an underlying token. Deposit and withdraw guarantee that the ownership of each token is backed by a corresponding underlying token with the same identifier. (#​3863)
• EnumerableMap: add a keys() function that returns an array containing all the keys. (#​3920)
• Governor: add a public cancel(uint256) function. (#​3983)
• Governor: Enable timestamp operation for blockchains without a stable block time. This is achieved by connecting a Governor's internal clock to match a voting token's EIP-6372 interface. (#​3934)
• Strings: add equal method. (#​3774)
• IERC5313: Add an interface for EIP-5313 that is now final. (#​4013)
• IERC4906: Add an interface for ERC-4906 that is now Final. (#​4012)
• StorageSlot: Add support for string and bytes. (#​4008)
• Votes, ERC20Votes, ERC721Votes: support timestamp checkpointing using EIP-6372. (#​3934)
• ERC4626: Add mitigation to the inflation attack through virtual shares and assets. (#​3979)
• Strings: add toString method for signed integers. (#​3773)
• ERC20Wrapper: Make the underlying variable private and add a public accessor. (#​4029)
• EIP712: add EIP-5267 support for better domain discovery. (#​3969)
• AccessControlDefaultAdminRules: Add an extension of AccessControl with additional security rules for the DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE. (#​4009)
• SignatureChecker: Add isValidERC1271SignatureNow for checking a signature directly against a smart contract using ERC-1271. (#​3932)
• SafeERC20: Add a forceApprove function to improve compatibility with tokens behaving like USDT. (#​4067)
• ERC1967Upgrade: removed contract-wide oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall annotation, replaced by granular annotation in UUPSUpgradeable. (#​3971)
• ERC20Wrapper: self wrapping and deposit by the wrapper itself are now explicitly forbidden. (#​4100)
• ECDSA: optimize bytes32 computation by using assembly instead of abi.encodePacked. (#​3853)
• ERC721URIStorage: Emit ERC-4906 MetadataUpdate in _setTokenURI. (#​4012)
• ShortStrings: Added a library for handling short strings in a gas efficient way, with fallback to storage for longer strings. (#​4023)
• SignatureChecker: Allow return data length greater than 32 from EIP-1271 signers. (#​4038)
• UUPSUpgradeable: added granular oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable annotation to improve upgrade safety checks on latest version of the Upgrades Plugins (starting with @openzeppelin/[email protected]). (#​3971)
• Initializable: optimize _disableInitializers by using != instead of <. (#​3787)
• Ownable2Step: make acceptOwnership public virtual to enable usecases that require overriding it. (#​3960)
• UUPSUpgradeable.sol: Change visibility to the functions upgradeTo and upgradeToAndCall from external to public. (#​3959)
• TimelockController: Add the CallSalt event to emit on operation schedule. (#​4001)
• Reformatted codebase with latest version of Prettier Solidity. (#​3898)
• Math: optimize log256 rounding check. (#​3745)
• ERC20Votes: optimize by using unchecked arithmetic. (#​3748)
• Multicall: annotate multicall function as upgrade safe to not raise a flag for its delegatecall. (#​3961)
• ERC20Pausable, ERC721Pausable, ERC1155Pausable: Add note regarding missing public pausing functionality (#​4007)
• ECDSA: Add a function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash that encodes data with version 0x00 following EIP-191. (#​4063)
• MerkleProof: optimize by using unchecked arithmetic. (#​3745)

Breaking changes

• EIP712: Addition of ERC5267 support requires support for user defined value types, which was released in Solidity version 0.8.8. This requires a pragma change from ^0.8.0 to ^0.8.8.
• EIP712: Optimization of the cache for the upgradeable version affects the way name and version are set. This is no longer done through an initializer, and is instead part of the implementation's constructor. As a consequence, all proxies using the same implementation will necessarily share the same name and version. Additionally, an implementation upgrade risks changing the EIP712 domain unless the same name and version are used when deploying the new implementation contract.

Deprecations

• ERC20Permit: Added the file IERC20Permit.sol and ERC20Permit.sol and deprecated draft-IERC20Permit.sol and draft-ERC20Permit.sol since EIP-2612 is no longer a Draft. Developers are encouraged to update their imports. (#​3793)
• Timers: The Timers library is now deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. (#​4062)
• ERC777: The ERC777 token standard is no longer supported by OpenZeppelin. Our implementation is now deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. The corresponding standard interfaces remain available. (#​4066)
• ERC1820Implementer: The ERC1820 pseudo-introspection mechanism is no longer supported by OpenZeppelin. Our implementation is now deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. The corresponding standard interfaces remain available. (#​4066)

v4.8.3

Compare Source

• GovernorCompatibilityBravo: Fix encoding of proposal data when signatures are missing.
• TransparentUpgradeableProxy: Fix transparency in case of selector clash with non-decodable calldata or payable mutability. (#​4154)

v4.8.2

Compare Source

• ERC721Consecutive: Fixed a bug when _mintConsecutive is used for batches of size 1 that could lead to balance overflow. Refer to the breaking changes section in the changelog for a note on the behavior of ERC721._beforeTokenTransfer.

Breaking changes

• ERC721: The internal function _beforeTokenTransfer no longer updates balances, which it previously did when batchSize was greater than 1. This change has no consequence unless a custom ERC721 extension is explicitly invoking _beforeTokenTransfer. Balance updates in extensions must now be done explicitly using __unsafe_increaseBalance, with a name that indicates that there is an invariant that has to be manually verified.

v4.8.1

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• ERC4626: Use staticcall instead of call when fetching underlying ERC-20 decimals. (#​3943)

v4.8.0

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• TimelockController: Added a new admin constructor parameter that is assigned the admin role instead of the deployer account. (#​3722)
• Initializable: add internal functions _getInitializedVersion and _isInitializing (#​3598)
• ERC165Checker: add supportsERC165InterfaceUnchecked for consulting individual interfaces without the full ERC165 protocol. (#​3339)
• Address: optimize functionCall by calling functionCallWithValue directly. (#​3468)
• Address: optimize functionCall functions by checking contract size only if there is no returned data. (#​3469)
• Governor: make the relay function payable, and add support for EOA payments. (#​3730)
• GovernorCompatibilityBravo: remove unused using statements. (#​3506)
• ERC20: optimize _transfer, _mint and _burn by using unchecked arithmetic when possible. (#​3513)
• ERC20Votes, ERC721Votes: optimize getPastVotes for looking up recent checkpoints. (#​3673)
• ERC20FlashMint: add an internal _flashFee function for overriding. (#​3551)
• ERC4626: use the same decimals() as the underlying asset by default (if available). (#​3639)
• ERC4626: add internal _initialConvertToShares and _initialConvertToAssets functions to customize empty vaults behavior. (#​3639)
• ERC721: optimize transfers by making approval clearing implicit instead of emitting an event. (#​3481)
• ERC721: optimize burn by making approval clearing implicit instead of emitting an event. (#​3538)
• ERC721: Fix balance accounting when a custom _beforeTokenTransfer hook results in a transfer of the token under consideration. (#​3611)
• ERC721: use unchecked arithmetic for balance updates. (#​3524)
• ERC721Consecutive: Implementation of EIP-2309 that allows batch minting of ERC721 tokens during construction. (#​3311)
• ReentrancyGuard: Reduce code size impact of the modifier by using internal functions. (#​3515)
• SafeCast: optimize downcasting of signed integers. (#​3565)
• ECDSA: Remove redundant check on the v value. (#​3591)
• VestingWallet: add releasable getters. (#​3580)
• VestingWallet: remove unused library Math.sol. (#​3605)
• VestingWallet: make constructor payable. (#​3665)
• Create2: optimize address computation by using assembly instead of abi.encodePacked. (#​3600)
• Clones: optimized the assembly to use only the scratch space during deployments, and optimized predictDeterministicAddress to use fewer operations. (#​3640)
• Checkpoints: Use procedural generation to support multiple key/value lengths. (#​3589)
• Checkpoints: Add new lookup mechanisms. (#​3589)
• Arrays: Add unsafeAccess functions that allow reading and writing to an element in a storage array bypassing Solidity's "out-of-bounds" check. (#​3589)
• Strings: optimize toString. (#​3573)
• Ownable2Step: extension of Ownable that makes the ownership transfers a two step process. (#​3620)
• Math and SignedMath: optimize function max by using > instead of >=. (#​3679)
• Math: Add log2, log10 and log256. (#​3670)
• Arbitrum: Update the vendored arbitrum contracts to match the nitro upgrade. (#​3692)

Breaking changes

• ERC721: In order to add support for batch minting via ERC721Consecutive it was necessary to make a minor breaking change in the internal interface of ERC721. Namely, the hooks _beforeTokenTransfer and _afterTokenTransfer have one additional argument that may need to be added to overrides:

 function _beforeTokenTransfer(
     address from,
     address to,
     uint256 tokenId,
+    uint256 batchSize
 ) internal virtual override

• ERC4626: Conversion from shares to assets (and vice-versa) in an empty vault used to consider the possible mismatch between the underlying asset's and the vault's decimals. This initial conversion rate is now set to 1-to-1 irrespective of decimals, which are meant for usability purposes only. The vault now uses the assets decimals by default, so off-chain the numbers should appear the same. Developers overriding the vault decimals to a value that does not match the underlying asset may want to override the _initialConvertToShares and _initialConvertToAssets to replicate the previous behavior.

• TimelockController: During deployment, the TimelockController used to grant the TIMELOCK_ADMIN_ROLE to the deployer and to the timelock itself. The deployer was then expected to renounce this role once configuration of the timelock is over. Failing to renounce that role allows the deployer to change the timelock permissions (but not to bypass the delay for any time-locked actions). The role is no longer given to the deployer by default. A new parameter admin can be set to a non-zero address to grant the admin role during construction (to the deployer or any other address). Just like previously, this admin role should be renounced after configuration. If this param is given address(0), the role is not allocated and doesn't need to be revoked. In any case, the timelock itself continues to have this role.

Deprecations

• EIP712: Added the file EIP712.sol and deprecated draft-EIP712.sol since the EIP is no longer a Draft. Developers are encouraged to update their imports. (#​3621)

-import "@​openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol";
+import "@​openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";

• ERC721Votes: Added the file ERC721Votes.sol and deprecated draft-ERC721Votes.sol since it no longer depends on a Draft EIP (EIP-712). Developers are encouraged to update their imports. (#​3699)

-import "@​openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/draft-ERC721Votes.sol";
+import "@​openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Votes.sol";

ERC-721 Compatibility Note

ERC-721 integrators that interpret contract state from events should make sure that they implement the clearing of approval that is implicit in every transfer according to the EIP. Previous versions of OpenZeppelin Contracts emitted an explicit Approval event even though it was not required by the specification, and this is no longer the case.

With the new ERC721Consecutive extension, the internal workings of ERC721 are slightly changed. Custom extensions to ERC721 should be reviewed to ensure they remain correct. The internal functions that should be considered are _ownerOf (new), _beforeTokenTransfer, and _afterTokenTransfer.

ERC-4626 Upgrade Note

Existing ERC4626 contracts that are upgraded to 4.8 must initialize a new variable that holds the vault token decimals. The recommended way to do this is to use a reinitializer:

function migrateToV48() public reinitializer(2) {
  __ERC4626_init(IERC20Upgradeable(asset()));
}

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