Implement initial Windows CI support for the Python cuda-cccl library.

[tpn]

This looks ready for a more thorough review now, all tests are passing. This PR supersedes the WIP PR that was created pre compute/coop rename. I figured it was easier to create a new branch and squash all those commits to make the rebase from main easier.

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[tpn]

/ok to test 288ee4c

[tpn]

/ok to test a5b63f5

[tpn]

/ok to test 6c8a2f2

[alliepiper]

Did an initial review of the infra side of things, left a couple notes.

Run a test with an override matrix of

  - {jobs: ['test'], project: 'python', ctk: ['12.0', '12.X', '13.0', '13.X'], cxx: ['msvc'], py_version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13'], gpu: 'l4'}

to make sure that this works on the same matrix as the linux wheels. We'll need to add coverage to the pr/nightly/weekly workflows once that's working.

[cryos]

Everything outside of the powershell looks good to me, there is a lot of new powershell and I am not overly familiar with it, so I would defer to others there.

[leofang]

The way CCCL uses docker can only get more insane, not less! 😂

[leofang]

Not sure if I mentioned in the meeting, but one thing we could do is to install Git Bash in the CI so as to reuse the same bash scripts on Windows. (ps. I did not review the powershell scripts either 😛)

[alliepiper]

We do have git bash installed -- this is something I'd like to move towards (and have started with the artifact/workflow util scripts), but would be difficult with the current python docker build requirements.

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