[RISCV] Support Global Dynamic TLSDESC in the RISC-V backend

This patch adds basic TLSDESC support for the global dynamic case in the
RISC-V backend by adding new relocation types for TLSDESC, as prescribed
in riscv-non-isa/riscv-elf-psabi-doc#373.

We also add a new pseudo instruction to simplify code generation.

Possible improvements for the local dynamic case will be addressed in separate
patches.

The current implementation is only enabled when passing the
-riscv-enable-tlsdesc flag.

llvm/include/llvm/BinaryFormat/ELFRelocs/RISCV.def

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLS_DTPREL32,       8)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLS_DTPREL64,       9)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLS_TPREL32,       10)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLS_TPREL64,       11)
+ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLSDESC,           12)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_BRANCH,            16)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_JAL,               17)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_CALL,              18)
@@ -56,3 +57,7 @@ ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_IRELATIVE,         58)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_PLT32,             59)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_SET_ULEB128,       60)
 ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_SUB_ULEB128,       61)
+ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLSDESC_HI20,      62)
+ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLSDESC_LOAD_LO12, 63)
+ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12,  64)
+ELF_RELOC(R_RISCV_TLSDESC_CALL,      65)

llvm/include/llvm/CodeGen/CommandFlags.h

@@ -117,6 +117,9 @@ unsigned getTLSSize();
 bool getEmulatedTLS();
 std::optional<bool> getExplicitEmulatedTLS();
 
+bool getEnableTLSDESC();
+std::optional<bool> getExplicitEnableTLSDESC();
+
 bool getUniqueSectionNames();
 
 bool getUniqueBasicBlockSectionNames();

llvm/include/llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h

@@ -248,6 +248,9 @@ class TargetMachine {
   /// Returns true if this target uses emulated TLS.
   bool useEmulatedTLS() const;
 
+  /// Returns true if this target uses TLS Descriptors.
+  bool useTLSDESC() const;
+
   /// Returns the TLS model which should be used for the given global variable.
   TLSModel::Model getTLSModel(const GlobalValue *GV) const;
 

llvm/include/llvm/Target/TargetOptions.h

@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@ namespace llvm {
           IgnoreXCOFFVisibility(false), XCOFFTracebackTable(true),
           UniqueSectionNames(true), UniqueBasicBlockSectionNames(false),
           TrapUnreachable(false), NoTrapAfterNoreturn(false), TLSSize(0),
-          EmulatedTLS(false), EnableIPRA(false), EmitStackSizeSection(false),
-          EnableMachineOutliner(false), EnableMachineFunctionSplitter(false),
-          SupportsDefaultOutlining(false), EmitAddrsig(false),
-          EmitCallSiteInfo(false), SupportsDebugEntryValues(false),
-          EnableDebugEntryValues(false), ValueTrackingVariableLocations(false),
-          ForceDwarfFrameSection(false), XRayFunctionIndex(true),
-          DebugStrictDwarf(false), Hotpatch(false),
+          EmulatedTLS(false), EnableTLSDESC(false), EnableIPRA(false),
+          EmitStackSizeSection(false), EnableMachineOutliner(false),
+          EnableMachineFunctionSplitter(false), SupportsDefaultOutlining(false),
+          EmitAddrsig(false), EmitCallSiteInfo(false),
+          SupportsDebugEntryValues(false), EnableDebugEntryValues(false),
+          ValueTrackingVariableLocations(false), ForceDwarfFrameSection(false),
+          XRayFunctionIndex(true), DebugStrictDwarf(false), Hotpatch(false),
           PPCGenScalarMASSEntries(false), JMCInstrument(false),
           EnableCFIFixup(false), MisExpect(false), XCOFFReadOnlyPointers(false),
           FPDenormalMode(DenormalMode::IEEE, DenormalMode::IEEE) {}
@@ -295,6 +295,9 @@ namespace llvm {
     /// function in the runtime library..
     unsigned EmulatedTLS : 1;
 
+    /// EnableTLSDESC - This flag enables TLS Descriptors.
+    unsigned EnableTLSDESC : 1;
+
     /// This flag enables InterProcedural Register Allocation (IPRA).
     unsigned EnableIPRA : 1;
 

llvm/include/llvm/TargetParser/Triple.h

@@ -1033,6 +1033,13 @@ class Triple {
            isWindowsCygwinEnvironment() || isOHOSFamily();
   }
 
+  /// Tests whether the target uses TLS Descriptor by default.
+  bool hasDefaultTLSDESC() const {
+    // TODO: Improve check for other platforms, like Android, and RISC-V
+    // Note: This is currently only used on RISC-V.
+    return isOSBinFormatELF() && isAArch64();
+  }
+
   /// Tests whether the target uses -data-sections as default.
   bool hasDefaultDataSections() const {
     return isOSBinFormatXCOFF() || isWasm();

llvm/lib/CodeGen/CommandFlags.cpp

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ CGOPT(bool, XCOFFTracebackTable)
 CGOPT(std::string, BBSections)
 CGOPT(unsigned, TLSSize)
 CGOPT_EXP(bool, EmulatedTLS)
+CGOPT_EXP(bool, EnableTLSDESC)
 CGOPT(bool, UniqueSectionNames)
 CGOPT(bool, UniqueBasicBlockSectionNames)
 CGOPT(EABI, EABIVersion)
@@ -404,6 +405,11 @@ codegen::RegisterCodeGenFlags::RegisterCodeGenFlags() {
       "emulated-tls", cl::desc("Use emulated TLS model"), cl::init(false));
   CGBINDOPT(EmulatedTLS);
 
+  static cl::opt<bool> EnableTLSDESC(
+      "enable-tlsdesc", cl::desc("Enable the use of TLS Descriptors"),
+      cl::init(false));
+  CGBINDOPT(EnableTLSDESC);
+
   static cl::opt<bool> UniqueSectionNames(
       "unique-section-names", cl::desc("Give unique names to every section"),
       cl::init(true));
@@ -568,6 +574,8 @@ codegen::InitTargetOptionsFromCodeGenFlags(const Triple &TheTriple) {
   Options.TLSSize = getTLSSize();
   Options.EmulatedTLS =
       getExplicitEmulatedTLS().value_or(TheTriple.hasDefaultEmulatedTLS());
+  Options.EnableTLSDESC =
+      getExplicitEnableTLSDESC().value_or(TheTriple.hasDefaultTLSDESC());
   Options.ExceptionModel = getExceptionModel();
   Options.EmitStackSizeSection = getEnableStackSizeSection();
   Options.EnableMachineFunctionSplitter = getEnableMachineFunctionSplitter();

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/AsmParser/RISCVAsmParser.cpp

@@ -169,6 +169,12 @@ class RISCVAsmParser : public MCTargetAsmParser {
   // 'add' is an overloaded mnemonic.
   bool checkPseudoAddTPRel(MCInst &Inst, OperandVector &Operands);
 
+  // Checks that a PseudoTLSDESCCall is using x5/t0 in its output operand.
+  // Enforcing this using a restricted register class for the output
+  // operand of PseudoTLSDESCCall results in a poor diagnostic due to the fact
+  // 'jalr' is an overloaded mnemonic.
+  bool checkPseudoTLSDESCCall(MCInst &Inst, OperandVector &Operands);
+
   // Check instruction constraints.
   bool validateInstruction(MCInst &Inst, OperandVector &Operands);
 
@@ -549,6 +555,16 @@ struct RISCVOperand final : public MCParsedAsmOperand {
            VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TPREL_ADD;
   }
 
+  bool isTLSDESCCallSymbol() const {
+    int64_t Imm;
+    RISCVMCExpr::VariantKind VK = RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_None;
+    // Must be of 'immediate' type but not a constant.
+    if (!isImm() || evaluateConstantImm(getImm(), Imm, VK))
+      return false;
+    return RISCVAsmParser::classifySymbolRef(getImm(), VK) &&
+           VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_CALL;
+  }
+
   bool isCSRSystemRegister() const { return isSystemRegister(); }
 
   bool isVTypeImm(unsigned N) const {
@@ -601,7 +617,10 @@ struct RISCVOperand final : public MCParsedAsmOperand {
     if (!isImm())
       return false;
     bool IsConstantImm = evaluateConstantImm(getImm(), Imm, VK);
-    if (VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_LO || VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_LO)
+    if (VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_LO ||
+        VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_LO ||
+        VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_LOAD_LO ||
+        VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_ADD_LO)
       return true;
     // Given only Imm, ensuring that the actually specified constant is either
     // a signed or unsigned 64-bit number is unfortunately impossible.
@@ -854,7 +873,9 @@ struct RISCVOperand final : public MCParsedAsmOperand {
     return IsValid && ((IsConstantImm && VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_None) ||
                        VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_LO ||
                        VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_LO ||
-                       VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TPREL_LO);
+                       VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TPREL_LO ||
+                       VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_LOAD_LO ||
+                       VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_ADD_LO);
   }
 
   bool isSImm12Lsb0() const { return isBareSimmNLsb0<12>(); }
@@ -911,14 +932,16 @@ struct RISCVOperand final : public MCParsedAsmOperand {
       return IsValid && (VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_HI ||
                          VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_GOT_HI ||
                          VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GOT_HI ||
-                         VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GD_HI);
-    } else {
-      return isUInt<20>(Imm) && (VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_None ||
-                                 VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_HI ||
-                                 VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_GOT_HI ||
-                                 VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GOT_HI ||
-                                 VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GD_HI);
+                         VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GD_HI ||
+                         VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_HI);
     }
+
+    return isUInt<20>(Imm) && (VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_None ||
+                               VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_PCREL_HI ||
+                               VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_GOT_HI ||
+                               VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GOT_HI ||
+                               VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLS_GD_HI ||
+                               VK == RISCVMCExpr::VK_RISCV_TLSDESC_HI);
   }
 
   bool isSImm21Lsb0JAL() const { return isBareSimmNLsb0<21>(); }
@@ -1556,6 +1579,11 @@ bool RISCVAsmParser::MatchAndEmitInstruction(SMLoc IDLoc, unsigned &Opcode,
     SMLoc ErrorLoc = ((RISCVOperand &)*Operands[ErrorInfo]).getStartLoc();
     return Error(ErrorLoc, "operand must be a symbol with %tprel_add modifier");
   }
+  case Match_InvalidTLSDESCCallSymbol: {
+    SMLoc ErrorLoc = ((RISCVOperand &)*Operands[ErrorInfo]).getStartLoc();
+    return Error(ErrorLoc,
+                 "operand must be a symbol with %tlsdesc_call modifier");
+  }
   case Match_InvalidRTZArg: {
     SMLoc ErrorLoc = ((RISCVOperand &)*Operands[ErrorInfo]).getStartLoc();
     return Error(ErrorLoc, "operand must be 'rtz' floating-point rounding mode");
@@ -3324,6 +3352,19 @@ bool RISCVAsmParser::checkPseudoAddTPRel(MCInst &Inst,
   return false;
 }
 
+bool RISCVAsmParser::checkPseudoTLSDESCCall(MCInst &Inst,
+                                            OperandVector &Operands) {
+  assert(Inst.getOpcode() == RISCV::PseudoTLSDESCCall && "Invalid instruction");
+  assert(Inst.getOperand(0).isReg() && "Unexpected operand kind");
+  if (Inst.getOperand(0).getReg() != RISCV::X5) {
+    SMLoc ErrorLoc = ((RISCVOperand &)*Operands[3]).getStartLoc();
+    return Error(ErrorLoc, "the output operand must be t0/x5 when using "
+                           "%tlsdesc_call modifier");
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
 std::unique_ptr<RISCVOperand> RISCVAsmParser::defaultMaskRegOp() const {
   return RISCVOperand::createReg(RISCV::NoRegister, llvm::SMLoc(),
                                  llvm::SMLoc());
@@ -3559,6 +3600,10 @@ bool RISCVAsmParser::processInstruction(MCInst &Inst, SMLoc IDLoc,
     if (checkPseudoAddTPRel(Inst, Operands))
       return true;
     break;
+  case RISCV::PseudoTLSDESCCall:
+    if (checkPseudoTLSDESCCall(Inst, Operands))
+      return true;
+    break;
   case RISCV::PseudoSEXT_B:
     emitPseudoExtend(Inst, /*SignExtend=*/true, /*Width=*/8, IDLoc, Out);
     return false;

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVAsmBackend.cpp

@@ -86,6 +86,12 @@ RISCVAsmBackend::getFixupKindInfo(MCFixupKind Kind) const {
       {"fixup_riscv_call_plt", 0, 64, MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel},
       {"fixup_riscv_relax", 0, 0, 0},
       {"fixup_riscv_align", 0, 0, 0},
+
+      {"fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_hi20", 12, 20,
+       MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel | MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsTarget},
+      {"fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_load_lo12", 20, 12, 0},
+      {"fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_add_lo12", 20, 12, 0},
+      {"fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_call", 0, 0, 0},
   };
   static_assert((std::size(Infos)) == RISCV::NumTargetFixupKinds,
                 "Not all fixup kinds added to Infos array");
@@ -126,6 +132,7 @@ bool RISCVAsmBackend::shouldForceRelocation(const MCAssembler &Asm,
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_got_hi20:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tls_got_hi20:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tls_gd_hi20:
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_hi20:
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -411,6 +418,7 @@ static uint64_t adjustFixupValue(const MCFixup &Fixup, uint64_t Value,
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_got_hi20:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tls_got_hi20:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tls_gd_hi20:
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_hi20:
     llvm_unreachable("Relocation should be unconditionally forced\n");
   case FK_Data_1:
   case FK_Data_2:
@@ -421,6 +429,7 @@ static uint64_t adjustFixupValue(const MCFixup &Fixup, uint64_t Value,
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_lo12_i:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_pcrel_lo12_i:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tprel_lo12_i:
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_load_lo12:
     return Value & 0xfff;
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_12_i:
     if (!isInt<12>(Value)) {
@@ -524,6 +533,7 @@ bool RISCVAsmBackend::evaluateTargetFixup(
   switch (Fixup.getTargetKind()) {
   default:
     llvm_unreachable("Unexpected fixup kind!");
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_hi20:
   case RISCV::fixup_riscv_pcrel_hi20:
     AUIPCFixup = &Fixup;
     AUIPCDF = DF;

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVBaseInfo.h

@@ -264,11 +264,15 @@ enum {
   MO_TPREL_ADD = 10,
   MO_TLS_GOT_HI = 11,
   MO_TLS_GD_HI = 12,
+  MO_TLSDESC_HI = 13,
+  MO_TLSDESC_LOAD_LO = 14,
+  MO_TLSDESC_ADD_LO = 15,
+  MO_TLSDESC_CALL = 16,
 
   // Used to differentiate between target-specific "direct" flags and "bitmask"
   // flags. A machine operand can only have one "direct" flag, but can have
   // multiple "bitmask" flags.
-  MO_DIRECT_FLAG_MASK = 15
+  MO_DIRECT_FLAG_MASK = 31
 };
 } // namespace RISCVII
 

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVELFObjectWriter.cpp

@@ -77,6 +77,14 @@ unsigned RISCVELFObjectWriter::getRelocType(MCContext &Ctx,
       return ELF::R_RISCV_TLS_GOT_HI20;
     case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tls_gd_hi20:
       return ELF::R_RISCV_TLS_GD_HI20;
+    case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_hi20:
+      return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_HI20;
+    case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_load_lo12:
+      return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_LOAD_LO12;
+    case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_add_lo12:
+      return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12;
+    case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_call:
+      return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_CALL;
     case RISCV::fixup_riscv_jal:
       return ELF::R_RISCV_JAL;
     case RISCV::fixup_riscv_branch:
@@ -96,6 +104,13 @@ unsigned RISCVELFObjectWriter::getRelocType(MCContext &Ctx,
   default:
     Ctx.reportError(Fixup.getLoc(), "unsupported relocation type");
     return ELF::R_RISCV_NONE;
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_load_lo12:
+    return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_LOAD_LO12;
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_add_lo12:
+    return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12;
+  case RISCV::fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_call:
+    return ELF::R_RISCV_TLSDESC_CALL;
+
   case FK_Data_1:
     Ctx.reportError(Fixup.getLoc(), "1-byte data relocations not supported");
     return ELF::R_RISCV_NONE;

llvm/lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVFixupKinds.h

@@ -71,6 +71,12 @@ enum Fixups {
   // Used to generate an R_RISCV_ALIGN relocation, which indicates the linker
   // should fixup the alignment after linker relaxation.
   fixup_riscv_align,
+  // Fixups indicating a TLS descriptor code sequence, corresponding to auipc,
+  // lw/ld, addi, and jalr, respectively.
+  fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_hi20,
+  fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_load_lo12,
+  fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_add_lo12,
+  fixup_riscv_tlsdesc_call,
 
   // Used as a sentinel, must be the last
   fixup_riscv_invalid,