Raspberry Pi 4 Cheat Sheet

List of commands, configurations and tips for Raspberry Pi and Linux beginners. Also known as a quick start guide.

Table of contents

• Raspberry Pi OS / Linux
• Pi-hole
• Git
• Node.js
• Docker
• Speedtest.net

Raspberry Pi OS / Linux

Pi user default password

Default password for pi user is "raspberry"

Enable SSH

To enable SSH, which is disabled by default in Raspbian, just put an empty ssh file with no extension on /boot partition.

Useful configs

Go to /boot/config.txt and add these entries in the end of the file.

Or directly from terminal

sudo nano /boot/config.txt

Overclocking

CPU

over_voltage=6
arm_freq=2000
core_freq=600

GPU

gpu_freq=750
gpu_mem=128

Override temperature limit

temp_limit=75

Enable 64-bit kernel

arm_64bit=1

Miscellaneous

Prevent HDMI TV from turning on when Raspberry Pi is booting

hdmi_ignore_cec_init=1

Disable splash screen

disable_splash=1

Disable Wi-Fi

dtoverlay=disable-wifi

Disable Bluetooth

dtoverlay=disable-bt

Disable camera

start_x=0

Beta / stable releases

Edit rpi-eeprom-update file

sudo nano /etc/default/rpi-eeprom-update

and change content to

FIRMWARE_RELEASE_STATUS="beta"

or

FIRMWARE_RELEASE_STATUS="stable"

Shutdown / Reboot

Shutdown

sudo shutdown -h now

Reboot

sudo shutdown -r now

Uptime

uptime -p

Last boot time

uptime -s

Kernel version

Check kernel version and info

uname -a

Working with PATH variable

Print PATH variable line by line

echo $PATH | tr : '\n'.

Add to PATH

export PATH=<path to be added>:$PATH

Update / Upgrade everything

One-liner

sudo apt-get update -y && sudo apt-get upgrade -y && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y && sudo apt-get autoremove -y && sudo rpi-eeprom-update -a

Read system logs in real-time

List last 30 lines from system logs and updates in real-time

tail -f -n 30 /var/log/syslog

Audio

Testing audio on default output

speaker-test -c2 -twav -l7

MicroSD

Benchmark

sudo apt install agnostics

sh /usr/share/agnostics/sdtest.sh

Chromium / Chrome

Chromium screen tearing fix

sudo rm /etc/xdg/autostart/xcompmgr.desktop

Read temperature

One time read CPU temp

echo "$(($(</sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp)/1000))'C"

One time read GPU temp

vcgencmd measure_temp

One time read GPU temp

watch -n 0.1 vcgencmd measure_temp

RAM

Currently free memory and swap usage

free -m

Date

Display date and time

date

Cron

View cron tab

crontab -e

View Cron logs

grep CRON /var/log/syslog

Repositories

Add source

curl -sS https://download.spotify.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | sudo apt-key add - 

List sources

sudo apt-key list

Remove source

sudo apt-key del "2EBF 997C 15BD A244 B6EB  F5D8 4773 BD5E 130D 1D45"

Connectivity

Wi-Fi

Scan for nearby Wi-Fi networks

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

Setup Wi-Fi password through terminal

sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

Add this entry to the file with changed SSID and Password

network={
    ssid="Wi-Fi SSID"
    psk="WiFI Password"
    key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
}

Bluetooth

Scan for nearby bluetooth devices

sudo hcitool scan

Network

Check public IP

curl ifconfig.me

Pi-hole

Installation

Original instruction is missing sudo for bash

sudo curl -sSL https://install.pi-hole.net | sudo bash

Repair install

pihole reconfigure

Set password

Set password for the dashboard or completely remove it

pihole -a -p

Upgrade Pi-hole

Download and install the latest version

pihole -up

Pi-hole Crontab

Edit pi-hole crontab for auto-updates

sudo nano /etc/cron.d/pihole

And change appropriate line to in example:

0 2 * * *   root    PATH="$PATH:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin/" pihole updateGravity >/var/log/pihole_updateGravity.log || cat /var/log/pihole_updateGravity.log

Which means every day at 2AM

Update Gravity

Download latest blocklists

pihole updateGravity

Gravity update logs

Read last gravity update logs or watch it in real-time.

tail -f -n 30 /var/log/pihole_updateGravity.log

Set additional DNS servers

Pi-hole dashboard allows to set only 1 custom DNS server

sudo nano /etc/pihole/setupVars.conf

Then add new servers like this

PIHOLE_DNS_1=8.8.8.8
PIHOLE_DNS_2=2001:4860:4860:0:0:0:0:8888
PIHOLE_DNS_3=1.1.1.1
PIHOLE_DNS_4=2606:4700:4700::1111
PIHOLE_DNS_5=62.179.1.60
PIHOLE_DNS_6=62.179.1.61
PIHOLE_DNS_7=62.179.1.62
PIHOLE_DNS_8=62.179.1.63

Restart service

sudo service pihole-FTL restart

Git

Configuration

Create store for user credentials

git config --global credential.helper store

Set account's default identity

git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
git config --global user.name "Lukasz Lapaj"

Node.js

Installation

Preinstalled Raspberry Pi OS repository version is outdated, use version below:

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

Docker

Installation

Remove old versions

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

Install pre-requirements

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

Add Docker’s official GPG key

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Install docker

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

Speedtest.net

Installation

Pre-requirements

sudo apt-get install gnupg1 apt-transport-https dirmngr
export INSTALL_KEY=379CE192D401AB61
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys $INSTALL_KEY
echo "deb https://ookla.bintray.com/debian generic main" | sudo tee  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/speedtest.list

Install

sudo apt-get install speedtest