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## web3 的常见问题: | ||
1. 什么是web3?web2和web3的区别? | ||
2. PoW(工作量证明)和PoS( 权益证明)有什么区别? | ||
3. 比特币和以太坊有什么区别? | ||
4. 什么是智能合约? | ||
5. 公钥和私钥? | ||
6. 简要说一下什么是dapp,dao , gamefi, defi? | ||
7. 什么是Gas? | ||
8. 你用一句话讲一下amm机制? | ||
9. 你玩过一些什么应用? | ||
10. opensea和looksrare的区别? | ||
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## 元宇宙 | ||
![img](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HarryPoint/oss@main/uPic/2024-07-12_22:31:48_A07Agb.png) | ||
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## NFT | ||
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NFT(Non-fungible token), 不可互换的代币。 | ||
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> FT: 同质化代币,例如 BTC | ||
NFT类型: | ||
- 土地NFT:例如 Decentraland、 Otherside、Sandbox | ||
- 游戏NFT:例如 Player to Earn: Axie infinity | ||
- 数字藏品NFT:例如 `Everydays: The First 5000 Days`, `Murakami.Flowers` | ||
- 数字孪生NFT:例如 数字虚拟人 | ||
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## web3.0 | ||
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![img](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HarryPoint/oss@main/uPic/2024-07-12_22:53:12_B5Zdcd.png) | ||
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## 区块链 | ||
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- 定义:区块 + 链 | ||
- 特征:去中心化、共识机制(PoW和PoS)、不可篡改 | ||
- 类型:公链、私链、联盟链、混合链 | ||
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区块链类型: | ||
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| | 公链 | 私链 | 联盟链 | | ||
| :------: | :----: | :----------: | :--------: | | ||
| 准入限制 | 无 | 有 | 有 | | ||
| 读取者 | 任何人 | 仅限受邀用户 | 相关联用户 | | ||
| 写入者 | 任何人 | 获批参与者 | 获批参与者 | | ||
| 所属者 | 无 | 单一实体 | 多方实体 | | ||
| 匿名性 | 是 | 否 | 否 | | ||
| 交易速度 | 慢 | 快 | 快 | | ||
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[blockchain-demo](https://github.com/anders94/blockchain-demo) | ||
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### hash算法 | ||
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特点: | ||
- 从hash值不可以反向推导出原始的数据 | ||
- 输入数据的微小变化会得到完全不同的hash值 | ||
- 相同的数据会得到相同的值 | ||
- 执行效率要高效,长的文本也能快速地计算出哈希值 | ||
- hash算法的冲突概率要小 | ||
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### 区块 | ||
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> 一般以 `0000`开头 | ||
`第n块的Hash值 = Hash(第n-1块的Hash值 + 第n块的账本数据)` | ||
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0号区块前指针是以 0 组成的字符串 | ||
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### P2P网络 | ||
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链上每一台电脑都是一个节点,都是客户端,也都是服务器,组成P2P网络 | ||
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### 记账和挖矿 | ||
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比特币采用POW(工作量证明)来选择使用谁的账本 | ||
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### 共识机制 | ||
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广泛应用的共识机制 | ||
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- POW(工作量证明机制):比特币 | ||
- POS(权益证明机制):以太坊 | ||
- POA(权威证明机制):结合了pow和pos | ||
- POC(容量证明机制):Chia | ||
- CPOC(有条件的容量证明机制) :结合了poc和pos | ||
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## 比特币 | ||
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Cypherpunk(密码朋克) 中本聪 | ||
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## 以太坊 | ||
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维塔利克·布特林(Vitalik Buterin),以太坊发明人。 | ||
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### 以太币 | ||
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以太坊区块链上的代币称为以太币(Ether),代码为 ETH。 | ||
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作用: | ||
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- 质押挖矿 | ||
- 发布合约 | ||
- 交易 | ||
- 投资 | ||
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单位: | ||
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| 单位 | Wei 值 | Wei | | ||
| :--------: | :------: | :-----------------------: | | ||
| wei | 1 wei | 1 | | ||
| Kwei | 1e3 wei | 1,000 | | ||
| Mwei | 1e6 wei | 1,000,000 | | ||
| Gwei | 1e9 wei | 1,000,000,000 | | ||
| microEther | 1e12 wei | 1,000,000,000,000 | | ||
| milliEther | 1e15 wei | 1,000,000,000,000,000 | | ||
| Ether | 1e18 wei | 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 | | ||
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如何获取以太币? | ||
主网: | ||
![img](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HarryPoint/oss@main/uPic/2024-07-13_00:29:43_7CCOZp.png) | ||
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测试网: | ||
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- Goerli 官网:https://goerli.net/ | ||
- Sepolia 官网:https://sepolia.dev/ | ||
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### 以太网 | ||
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当前应用: | ||
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- [谜恋猫](https://www.cryptokitties.co) 虚拟猫咪休闲游戏 | ||
- [opensea](https://opensea.io) NFT交易龙头 | ||
- [uniswap](https://uniswap.org) 去中心化的DeFi交易所 | ||
- [Dao botto](https://botto.com) 去中心化的自治组织 | ||
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## 以太坊-钱包 | ||
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> 钱包只存账户信息,资产在链上 | ||
区块链钱包分类:热钱包(Hot Wallet)、冷钱包(Cold Wallet) | ||
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概念内容:密码、私钥、公钥、keystore、助记词 | ||
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![img](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HarryPoint/oss@main/uPic/2024-07-13_00:50:30_0JbQgC.png) | ||
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挖矿地址: | ||
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- 以太坊: https://www.tokenpocket.pro/ | ||
- 测试网(goerli): https://goerli-faucet.pk910.de/ | ||
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## 以太坊-智能合约 | ||
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### DApp | ||
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web3书籍推荐 | ||
![img](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/HarryPoint/oss@main/uPic/2024-07-13_02:09:29_b53ADe.png) |