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Changed velocity sampling to be consistent with standard ALM definition #882

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merged 3 commits into from
Sep 26, 2023
Merged

Changed velocity sampling to be consistent with standard ALM definition #882

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2bcbd75
Changed velocity sampling to be consistent with standard ALM definition
tonyinme Jul 19, 2023
224c74d
Ensure that the local coordinate system is always orthogonal
tonyinme Jul 20, 2023
2288ec7
Merge branch 'main' into fixed_wing_fixes
tonyinme Sep 26, 2023
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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions amr-wind/wind_energy/actuator/wing/ActuatorWing.H
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ struct WingBaseData
//! Ending coordinate of the wing
vs::Vector end;

//! The normal vector perpendicular to the span
vs::Vector blade_x{1.0, 0, 0};

//! Gaussian smearing factor input by user
vs::Vector eps_inp;

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34 changes: 24 additions & 10 deletions amr-wind/wind_energy/actuator/wing/wing_ops.H
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Expand Up @@ -118,14 +118,25 @@ struct ComputeForceOp<
amrex::Real total_lift = 0.0;
amrex::Real total_drag = 0.0;
for (int ip = 0; ip < npts; ++ip) {
const auto& tmat = grid.orientation[ip];
// Effective velocity at the wing control point in local frame
auto wvel = tmat & grid.vel[ip];
// Set spanwise component to zero to get a pure 2D velocity
wvel.y() = 0.0;

const auto vmag = vs::mag(wvel);
const auto aoa = std::atan2(wvel.z(), wvel.x());
// Build the local reference frame
vs::Vector wspan = wdata.end - wdata.start;
wspan = wspan.unit();

// Use the global coord to orient the blade
// This works only for inflow in the x direction
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auto blade_x = wdata.blade_x;
auto blade_y = wspan;
auto blade_z = (blade_x ^ blade_y).unit();

vs::Vector windvector;
windvector[0] = grid.vel[ip] & blade_x;
windvector[1] = 0;
windvector[2] = grid.vel[ip] & blade_z;

const auto vmag = vs::mag(windvector);
const auto aoa = std::atan2(windvector[2], windvector[0]) +
amr_wind::utils::radians(wdata.pitch);

// Make up some Cl, Cd values
amrex::Real cl, cd;
Expand All @@ -135,16 +146,19 @@ struct ComputeForceOp<
const auto qval = 0.5 * vmag * vmag * chord[ip] * dx[ip];
const auto lift = qval * cl;
const auto drag = qval * cd;

// Determine unit vector parallel and perpendicular to velocity
// vector
const auto drag_dir = wvel.unit() & tmat;
const auto lift_dir = drag_dir ^ tmat.y();
// Directions
const auto drag_dir =
(blade_x * windvector.x() + blade_z * windvector.z()).unit();
const auto lift_dir = (drag_dir ^ blade_y).unit();

// Compute force on fluid from this section of wing
grid.force[ip] = -(lift_dir * lift + drag * drag_dir);

// Assign values for output
wdata.vel_rel[ip] = wvel;
wdata.vel_rel[ip] = windvector;
wdata.aoa[ip] = amr_wind::utils::degrees(aoa);
wdata.cl[ip] = cl;
wdata.cd[ip] = cd;
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