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7 changes: 4 additions & 3 deletions _sources/index.rst.txt
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Expand Up @@ -26,9 +26,10 @@ development effort. As with other codes in the
`Exawind <https://github.com/exawind>`_ ecosystem, AMR-wind shares the following
objectives:

- an open, well-documented implementation of the state-of-the-art computational
models for modeling wind farm flow physics at various fidelities that are
backed by a comprehensive verification and validation (V&V) process;
- an open, well-documented implementation of the state-of-the-art
computational models for modeling wind farm flow physics at various
fidelities that are backed by a comprehensive verification and
validation (V&V) process (:ref:`capabilities`);

- be capable of performing the highest-fidelity simulations of flowfields within
wind farms; and
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52 changes: 32 additions & 20 deletions _sources/theory/theory.rst.txt
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@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
Theory Manual
================================
=============

.. _governing_equations:

Governing equations
------------------------------------
-------------------

Conservation of fluid mass:

Expand All @@ -21,11 +23,19 @@ Tracer(s) advection:

.. math:: \frac{\partial \rho s}{\partial t} + \nabla \cdot (\rho U s) = 0

Discretization
-------------------------------------
The numerical methdology used to solve the partial differential equations (PDEs)
within AMR-Wind is documented in `Almgren et al. (JCP 1998)
<https://ccse.lbl.gov/Publications/almgren/abchw.pdf>`_.
.. _discretization:

Discretization
--------------

The numerical methdology used to solve the partial differential
equations (PDEs) within AMR-Wind is documented in `Almgren et
al. (JCP 1998)
<https://ccse.lbl.gov/Publications/almgren/abchw.pdf>`_. AMR-Wind uses
`AMReX-Hydro
<https://amrex-fluids.github.io/amrex-hydro/docs_html/Schemes.html>`_
for many advection routines. The reader is referred to their
documentation for implementation details.

Time Step -- MOL
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -135,8 +145,10 @@ Often for simulations involving walls, (e.g., channel flows, complex terrains et

mapping.rst

.. _multiphase:

Multiphase flow modelling
------------------------------------
-------------------------

AMR-Wind employs the volume-of-fluid method for simulating two-phase (water-air) flows.
More specifically, the volume fraction field is advected explicitly using a
Expand All @@ -148,8 +160,10 @@ is not modeled by AMR-Wind currently. For further detail, see
`Kuhn, Deskos, Sprague (Computers & Fluids 2023)
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2022.105770>`_.

.. _source_terms:

Source terms
------------------------------------
------------

Gravity Forcing
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Expand All @@ -174,6 +188,7 @@ Using the perturbational form implies that the hydrostatic pressure is removed f

.. math:: p = p' - \int_z^{z_{max}} \rho_0 g dz + p(z = z_{max}) = p' - \int_z^{z_{max}} \rho_0 g dz

.. _mesoscale_forcing:

Mesoscale Forcing
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Expand All @@ -196,17 +211,12 @@ approach can be used with NWP model output or observational data. For more
information, see `Allaerts et al. (BLM 2020)
<https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-020-00538-5>`_

The application of these forcing approaches is detailed in:

.. toctree::
:glob:
:maxdepth: 2

../user/inputs_ABL_meso_forcing.rst
The application of these forcing approaches is detailed :ref:`here <inputs_meso_forcing>`.

.. _turbulence:

Turbulence Models
-----------------------------
-----------------

LES models for subgrid scales
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -306,11 +316,13 @@ length scale is modified as follows
Here the term :math:`H=1.5 dz` specifies the location at which the length scale switches to :math:`L=C_s\Delta` and :math:`\phi_M`
is the atmospheric stability function. Currently, the implementation for the stability function uses a single global value.
The implementation of the non-linear model is split into two parts. The subgrid-scale viscosity term is directly used
within the ``AMR-wind`` diffusion framework. The last two terms in :math:`M_{ij}` are added as source-terms in the momentum equation.
within the ``AMR-Wind`` diffusion framework. The last two terms in :math:`M_{ij}` are added as source-terms in the momentum equation.

.. _wall_models:

Wall models
-----------
The wall models described in this section are implemented in ``AMR-wind`` for
The wall models described in this section are implemented in ``AMR-Wind`` for
running wall-bounded flows (non-ABL cases).

Log-law wall model
Expand All @@ -329,7 +341,7 @@ Given a horizontal velocity magnitude
:math:`z = z_{\mathrm{ref}}`, :math:`u_\tau` can be computed using a
non-linear solve to satisfy `[eq:loglaw] <#eq:loglaw>`__.

In ``AMR-wind`` Newton-Raphson iterations are used with a convergence
In ``AMR-Wind`` Newton-Raphson iterations are used with a convergence
criterion of :math:`\lvert u_\tau^{n+1} - u_\tau^n \rvert < 10^{-5}`.
For this, derivative of
:math:`\frac{\partial u_{\mathrm{mag}}}{\partial {u_\tau}}` is used,
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17 changes: 9 additions & 8 deletions _sources/user/build.rst.txt
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Expand Up @@ -28,7 +28,11 @@ your system. The main dependencies are listed below:

#. `Intel OneAPI
<https://software.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi.html>`_
for building with DPC++.
for building with SyCL.

#. `AMD GPU
<https://www.amd.com/en/products/software/rocm.html>`_
for building with ROCM.

Building from source
--------------------
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -84,6 +88,10 @@ Architecture options

Enable `Intel OneAPI SyCL <https://software.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi.html>`_ builds. Default: OFF

.. cmakeval:: AMR_WIND_ENABLE_ROCM

Enable `AMD ROCM GPU <https://www.amd.com/en/products/software/rocm.html>`_ builds. Default: OFF

Dependencies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -135,13 +143,6 @@ Other AMR-Wind specific options

Enable compiler warnings during build. Default: OFF

.. cmakeval:: AMR_WIND_ENABLE_FORTRAN

Build Fortran interfaces. Default: OFF

AMR-Wind itself has no Fortran code. This option is unused if
:cmakeval:`AMR_WIND_USE_INTERNAL_AMREX` is set to ``OFF``.

General CMake options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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186 changes: 186 additions & 0 deletions _sources/user/features.rst.txt
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@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
.. _capabilities:

Capabilities and Roadmap
========================

This section documents a non-exhaustive list of current AMR-Wind
capabilities and roadmap for future capabilities.

.. tip::

If your project relies on a capability that is not yet present in
AMR-Wind, please create an issue on the code project page.


.. note::

This reflects the capabilities for AMR-Wind version 2.1.0 and above.


Capabilities
------------

.. tip::

The capabilities are linked to the relevant input file references
(keyword `inp`) and documentation (keyword `doc`). Searching for
those keywords in the `test/test_files` directory will give
concrete examples of the feature usage.


Methods and models
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* Numerical methods

* Advection: second order, piecewise parabolic, piecewise linear, WENO, Bell-Dawson-Shubin [:ref:`doc <discretization>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_incflo_advection>`]

* Diffusion: second order, explicit, Crank-Nicolson, and implicit [:ref:`doc <discretization>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_incflo_diffusion>`]

* Mesh refinement: static refinement for specified regions [:ref:`inp <inputs_static_refinement>`], adaptive mesh refinement [:ref:`inp <inputs_amr>`] (e.g., field based, curvature, q-criterion, vorticity [:ref:`inp <inputs_tagging>`])

* Mesh mapping for non-uniform cartesian grids [:ref:`doc <mapping>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_geometry>`]

* Equations systems

* Incompressible and low Mach formulations of Navier-Stokes :ref:`[doc] <governing_equations>`

* Temperature

* Level set

* Subgrid scale kinetic energy :ref:`[doc] <turbulence>`

* Specific dissipation rate :ref:`[doc] <turbulence>`

* Passive scalar

* Source terms for these PDEs [:ref:`doc <source_terms>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_momentum_sources>`]

* Turbulence modeling

* Large Eddy Simulation: constant Smagorinsky, AMD, one equation :math:`k_{sgs}`, Kosovic [:ref:`doc <turbulence>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_turbulence>`]

* Wall models: log-law, constant stress, Schumann [:ref:`doc <wall_models>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_abl>`]

* Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes: :math:`k`-:math:`\omega` SST (and IDDES variant) [:ref:`doc <turbulence>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_turbulence>`]

* Transport models

* Constant transport coefficients [:ref:`inp <inputs_transport>`]

* Two phase transport (separate coefficients for each material) [:ref:`inp <inputs_transport>`]

Flow physics
~~~~~~~~~~~~

* Wind energy physics

* Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL): various stability states (stable, unstable, neutral), precursor simulations with inflow boundary planes for wind farm simulations, anelastic formulation, mesoscale forcing, geostrophic forcing, Coriolis forcing, Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, gravity forcing, gravity wave damping [:ref:`inp <inputs_abl>`]

* Actuator turbine representations: Joukowsky disks, uniform disks, actuator line [:ref:`inp <inputs_actuator>`]

* Coupling with OpenFAST

* Coupling with Nalu-Wind for blade resolved simulations

* Multiphase flows [:ref:`doc <multiphase>`]

* Prescribed flow cases for verification of volume-of-fluid transport: Zalesak disk, vortex patch

* Prescribed flow cases for verification of momentum equation coupled to volume-of-fluid transport: Zalesak disk scalar vel, vortex patch scalar vel

* Validation and demonstration cases: sloshing tank, dam break, breaking waves, falling or inertial droplet

* Methods to initialize volume-of-fluid field from an initial levelset field

* Monitors conservation of mass and momentum

* Ocean wave forcing (for multiphase flows) [:ref:`inp <inputs_ocean_waves>`]

* Wave types: linear (monochromatic), Stokes (2nd- to 5th-order), irregular (input by modes files from HOS-Ocean)

* Relaxation zones force wave profile to generate waves at lower x boundary or force toward quiescent flat interface at upper x boundary. Wave profile can also be enforced (instead of numerical beach) at upper x boundary for periodic simulations.

* Boundary conditions

* Periodic, outflow, inflow, walls, user-defined inflows [:ref:`inp <inputs_boundary_conditions>`]

* Wall models (e.g., wall functions, stress) [:ref:`doc <wall_models>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_abl>`]

* Inflow planes from precursor simulations [:ref:`doc <amrwind-abl-bndry-io>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_abl>`]

* Mesoscale forcing [:ref:`doc <mesoscale_forcing>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_meso_forcing>`]

* Synthetic turbulence [:ref:`inp <inputs_synthetic_turbulence>`]

* Geometry

* Immersed boundary

* Coupling with Nalu-Wind for body-conforming meshes with overset methodology

* Miscellaneous cases

* Verification and validation cases: method of manufactured solutions, convecting Taylor-Vortex, Rayleigh-Taylor, passive scalar, Burggraf flow, channel flow, Ekman spiral, vortex dipole, vortex ring

* Postprocessing

* Visualization with VisIt, Paraview, yt

* Sampling of fields with planes, point probes, lines, volumes, lidar, and radar [:ref:`doc <post_processing>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_sampling>`]

* Sampling of fields at probes that follow free surface of liquid-gas flows [:ref:`inp <inputs_sampling_freesurface_sampler>`]

* Scalar outputs such as kinetic energy, enstrophy, total wave energy, and norms [:ref:`doc <post_processing>`, :ref:`inp <inputs_sampling>`]

* Turbulence averaging quantities such as Reynolds stresses [:ref:`inp <inputs_averaging>`]

* Field plane averaging and second and third order moments

* Derived fields and field operators such as vorticity, q-criterion, strain-rates, gradients, divergence, laplacian

* in-situ post-processing with Ascent

High performance computing
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* Highly parallelized and performance portable

* Shared memory parallelism with OpenMP threading

* Distributed memory parallelism with MPI

* Supports all major compilers (e.g., GCC, Intel, LLVM)

* Runs on all major GPU vendors (NVIDIA, AMD, Intel)

* Supported build systems: cmake, spack

* Supported linear solvers

* native AMReX solvers such as MLMG [:ref:`inp <inputs_mlmg>`]

* hypre


Roadmap
-------

The roadmap is an evolving, living document and does not purport to
track every future capability. It is not a promise of future
capabilities. The main use case is to inform users of
potential upcoming new capabilities.

Current development
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* Inflow-outflow BCs to enable coupling amr-wind to ERF mesoscale modeling software

* Temporal and spatial varying MMC forcing

* Complex terrain

* Improved wall conditions, e.g., non-uniform roughness, temperature and heat fluxes

* Complex terrain though immersed boundary methods
5 changes: 2 additions & 3 deletions _sources/user/inputs.rst.txt
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Expand Up @@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ Section Description
======================= ============================================================
``geometry`` Computational domain information
``amr`` Mesh refinement controls
``tagging`` Static and dynamic refinement options
``time`` Simulation time controls
``io`` Input/Output controls
``incflo`` CFD algorithm and physics controls
Expand All @@ -49,7 +50,6 @@ Section Description
``Momentum sources`` Activate Momentum source terms and their parameters
``Boundary conditions`` Boundary condition types and gradients
``MLMG options`` Multi-Level Multi-Grid Linear solver options
``Tagging`` Static and dynamic refinement options
``Sampling`` Data probes to sample field data during simulations
``Averaging`` Time averaging and correlations
======================= ============================================================
Expand All @@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ This section documents the parameters available within each section.

inputs_geometry.rst
inputs_amr.rst
inputs_tagging.rst
inputs_time.rst
inputs_io.rst
inputs_incflo.rst
Expand All @@ -80,10 +81,8 @@ This section documents the parameters available within each section.
inputs_ABL.rst
inputs_ABL_meso_forcing.rst
inputs_SyntheticTurbulence.rst
inputs_Static_Refinement.rst
inputs_Boundary_conditions.rst
inputs_MLMG.rst
inputs_AMR_Tagging.rst
inputs_Sampling.rst
inputs_Averaging.rst
inputs_KineticEnergy.rst
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4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion _sources/user/inputs_ABL.rst.txt
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@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
.. _inputs_abl:

Section: ABL
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~

This section is for setting atmospheric boundary layer parameters.

Expand Down
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