U-KAN Makes Strong Backbone for Medical Image Segmentation and Generation

📌 This is an official PyTorch implementation of U-KAN Makes Strong Backbone for Medical Image Segmentation and Generation

We explore the untapped potential of Kolmogorov-Anold Network (aka. KAN) in improving backbones for vision tasks. We investigate, modify and re-design the established U-Net pipeline by integrating the dedicated KAN layers on the tokenized intermediate representation, termed U-KAN. Rigorous medical image segmentation benchmarks verify the superiority of U-KAN by higher accuracy even with less computation cost. We further delved into the potential of U-KAN as an alternative U-Net noise predictor in diffusion models, demonstrating its applicability in generating task-oriented model architectures. These endeavours unveil valuable insights and sheds light on the prospect that with U-KAN, you can make strong backbone for medical image segmentation and generation.

## 📰News **[2024.6]** Some modifications are done in Seg_UKAN for better performance reproduction. The previous code can be quickly updated by replacing the contents of train.py and archs.py with the new ones. **[2024.6]** Model checkpoints and training logs are released! **[2024.6]** Code and paper of U-KAN are released! ## 💡Key Features - The first effort to incorporate the advantage of emerging KAN to improve established U-Net pipeline to be more **accurate, efficient and interpretable**. - A Segmentation U-KAN with **tokenized KAN block to effectively steer the KAN operators** to be compatible with the exiting convolution-based designs. - A Diffusion U-KAN as an **improved noise predictor** demonstrates its potential in backboning generative tasks and broader vision settings. ## 🛠Setup ```bash git clone https://github.com/CUHK-AIM-Group/U-KAN.git cd U-KAN conda create -n ukan python=3.10 conda activate ukan cd Seg_UKAN && pip install -r requirements.txt ``` **Tips A**: We test the framework using pytorch=1.13.0, and the CUDA compile version=11.6. Other versions should be also fine but not totally ensured. ## 📚Data Preparation **BUSI**: The dataset can be found [here](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/aryashah2k/breast-ultrasound-images-dataset). **GLAS**: The dataset can be found [here](https://websignon.warwick.ac.uk/origin/slogin?shire=https%3A%2F%2Fwarwick.ac.uk%2Fsitebuilder2%2Fshire-read&providerId=urn%3Awarwick.ac.uk%3Asitebuilder2%3Aread%3Aservice&target=https%3A%2F%2Fwarwick.ac.uk%2Ffac%2Fcross_fac%2Ftia%2Fdata%2Fglascontest&status=notloggedin).

CVC-ClinicDB: The dataset can be found here.

We also provide all the pre-processed dataset without requiring any further data processing. You can directly download and put them into the data dir.

The resulted file structure is as follows.

Seg_UKAN
├── inputs
│   ├── busi
│     ├── images
│           ├── malignant (1).png
|           ├── ...
|     ├── masks
│        ├── 0
│           ├── malignant (1)_mask.png
|           ├── ...
│   ├── GLAS
│     ├── images
│           ├── 0.png
|           ├── ...
|     ├── masks
│        ├── 0
│           ├── 0.png
|           ├── ...
│   ├── CVC-ClinicDB
│     ├── images
│           ├── 0.png
|           ├── ...
|     ├── masks
│        ├── 0
│           ├── 0.png
|           ├── ...

🔖Evaluating Segmentation U-KAN

You can directly evaluate U-KAN from the checkpoint model. Here is an example for quick usage for using our pre-trained models in Segmentation Model Zoo:

1. Download the pre-trained weights and put them to {args.output_dir}/{args.name}/model.pth
2. Run the following scripts to

cd Seg_UKAN
python val.py --name ${dataset}_UKAN --output_dir [YOUR_OUTPUT_DIR] 

⏳Training Segmentation U-KAN

You can simply train U-KAN on a single GPU by specifing the dataset name --dataset and input size --input_size.

cd Seg_UKAN
python train.py --arch UKAN --dataset {dataset} --input_w {input_size} --input_h {input_size} --name {dataset}_UKAN  --data_dir [YOUR_DATA_DIR]

For example, train U-KAN with the resolution of 256x256 with a single GPU on the BUSI dataset in the inputs dir:

cd Seg_UKAN
python train.py --arch UKAN --dataset busi --input_w 256 --input_h 256 --name busi_UKAN  --data_dir ./inputs

Please see Seg_UKAN/scripts.sh for more details. Note that the resolution of glas is 512x512, differing with other datasets (256x256).

🎪Segmentation Model Zoo

We provide all the pre-trained model checkpoints Here is an overview of the released performance&checkpoints. Note that results on a single run and the reported average results in the paper differ.

Method	Dataset	IoU	F1	Checkpoints
Seg U-KAN	BUSI	65.26	78.75	Link
Seg U-KAN	GLAS	87.51	93.33	Link
Seg U-KAN	CVC-ClinicDB	85.61	92.19	Link

The parameter ``--no_kan'' denotes the baseline model that is replaced the KAN layers with MLP layers. Please note: it is reasonable to find occasional inconsistencies in performance, and the average results over multiple runs can reveal a more obvious trend.

Method	Layer Type	IoU	F1	Checkpoints
Seg U-KAN (--no_kan)	MLP Layer	63.49	77.07	Link
Seg U-KAN	KAN Layer	65.26	78.75	Link

🎇Medical Image Generation with Diffusion U-KAN

Please refer to Diffusion_UKAN

🛒TODO List

• Release code for Seg U-KAN.
• Release code for Diffusion U-KAN.
• Upload the pretrained checkpoints.

🎈Acknowledgements

Greatly appreciate the tremendous effort for the following projects!

• CKAN