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                            <h1 class="main">ORM</h1>
<p>(This is still in an alpha state)</p>
<p>V has a built-in ORM (object-relational mapping) which supports SQLite, MySQL and Postgres,
but soon it will support MS SQL and Oracle.</p>
<p>V's ORM provides a number of benefits:</p>
<ul>
<li>One syntax for all SQL dialects. (Migrating between databases becomes much easier.)</li>
<li>Queries are constructed using V's syntax. (There's no need to learn another syntax.)</li>
<li>Safety. (All queries are automatically sanitised to prevent SQL injection.)</li>
<li>Compile time checks. (This prevents typos which can only be caught during runtime.)</li>
<li>Readability and simplicity. (You don't need to manually parse the results of a query and
then manually construct objects from the parsed results.)</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-v">import db.sqlite

// sets a custom table name. Default is struct name (case-sensitive)
@[table: 'customers']
struct Customer {
    id        int @[primary; serial] // a field named `id` of integer type must be the first field
    name      string
    nr_orders int
    country   ?string
}

db := sqlite.connect('customers.db')!

// You can create tables from your struct declarations. For example the next query will issue SQL similar to this:
// CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Customer` (
//      `id` INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
//      `name` TEXT NOT NULL,
//      `nr_orders` INTEGER NOT NULL,
//      `country` TEXT
// )
sql db {
    create table Customer
}!

// insert a new customer:
new_customer := Customer{
    name:      'Bob'
    country:   'uk'
    nr_orders: 10
}
sql db {
    insert new_customer into Customer
}!

us_customer := Customer{
    name:      'Martin'
    country:   'us'
    nr_orders: 5
}
sql db {
    insert us_customer into Customer
}!

none_country_customer := Customer{
    name:      'Dennis'
    country:   none
    nr_orders: 2
}
sql db {
    insert none_country_customer into Customer
}!

// update a customer:
sql db {
    update Customer set nr_orders = nr_orders + 1 where name == 'Bob'
}!

// select count(*) from customers
nr_customers := sql db {
    select count from Customer
}!
println('number of all customers: ${nr_customers}')

// V's syntax can be used to build queries:
uk_customers := sql db {
    select from Customer where country == 'uk' &amp;&amp; nr_orders &gt; 0
}!
println('We found a total of ${uk_customers.len} customers matching the query.')
for c in uk_customers {
    println('customer: ${c.id}, ${c.name}, ${c.country}, ${c.nr_orders}')
}

none_country_customers := sql db {
    select from Customer where country is none
}!
println('We found a total of ${none_country_customers.len} customers, with no country set.')
for c in none_country_customers {
    println('customer: ${c.id}, ${c.name}, ${c.country}, ${c.nr_orders}')
}

// delete a customer
sql db {
    delete from Customer where name == 'Bob'
}!
</div>
<p>For more examples and the docs, see <a href="https://github.com/vlang/v/tree/master/vlib/orm">vlib/orm</a>.</p>

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