From 4aaded4e5be8950caad266986ab24c0eb54e6bb3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?V=C3=ADctor?= <victor.ballester.ribo@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 11 Sep 2023 21:31:08 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] updated probability and analysis

---
 .../Real_and_functional_analysis.tex          |   22 +-
 .../Advanced_probability.tex                  |   52 +
 ...topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs.tex |   51 +
 README.md                                     |    2 +-
 index.html                                    |    2 +-
 main_math.idx                                 | 6073 +++++++++--------
 main_math.ilg                                 |    6 +-
 main_math.ind                                 | 4996 +++++++-------
 main_math.tex                                 |   10 +
 9 files changed, 5705 insertions(+), 5509 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Mathematics/4th/Real_and_functional_analysis/Real_and_functional_analysis.tex b/Mathematics/4th/Real_and_functional_analysis/Real_and_functional_analysis.tex
index dc87479..ec8ed6b 100644
--- a/Mathematics/4th/Real_and_functional_analysis/Real_and_functional_analysis.tex
+++ b/Mathematics/4th/Real_and_functional_analysis/Real_and_functional_analysis.tex
@@ -1172,7 +1172,10 @@
     \end{enumerate}
   \end{definition}
   \begin{definition}
-    Let $E$ be a normed vector space. The Banach space $E^*:=\mathcal{L}(E,\KK)$ is called \emph{dual space} of $E$.
+    Let $E$ be a normed vector space. The Banach space $E^*:=\mathcal{L}(E,\KK)$ is called \emph{dual space} of $E$. The \emph{bidual space} of $E$ is $E^{**}:=(E^*)^*$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $E$ be a normed vector space. We say that $E$ is \emph{reflexive} if $E=E^{**}$.
   \end{definition}
   \subsubsection{Compact operators}
   \begin{definition}
@@ -1265,7 +1268,7 @@
     \end{enumerate}
   \end{definition}
   \begin{theorem}[Hahn-Banach theorem]
-    Let $E$ be a real vector space, $F\subseteq E$ be a subspace, $p:E\rightarrow\RR$ be a convex functional and $u\in F^*$. If $u(z)\leq p(z)$ $\forall z\in F$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that $v(z)=u(z)$ $\forall z\in F$ and $v(x)\leq p(x)$ $\forall x\in E$ ($v$ is called a \emph{prolongation} of $u$).
+    Let $E$ be a real vector space, $F\subseteq E$ be a subspace, $p:E\rightarrow\RR$ be a convex functional and $u\in F^*$. If $u(z)\leq p(z)$ $\forall z\in F$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that $v(z)=u(z)$ $\forall z\in F$ and $v(x)\leq p(x)$ $\forall x\in E$ ($v$ is called an \emph{extension} of $u$).
   \end{theorem}
   \begin{definition}[Seminorm]
     Let $E$ be a vector space over $\KK$. A \emph{seminorm} $p:E\rightarrow[0,\infty)$ is a functional that satisfies:
@@ -1278,12 +1281,12 @@
     Let $E$ be a vector space over $\KK$. A norm defined on $E$ is a seminorm.
   \end{lemma}
   \begin{theorem}[Hahn-Banach theorem]
-    Let $E$ be a vector space over $\KK=\RR,\CC$, $F\subseteq E$ be a subspace, $p:E\rightarrow\RR$ be a seminorm and $u\in F^*$. If $\abs{u(z)}\leq p(z)$ $\forall z\in F$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that $v(z)=u(z)$ $\forall z\in F$ and $\abs{v(x)}\leq p(x)$ $\forall x\in E$. That is, $v$ prolongates $u$.
+    Let $E$ be a vector space over $\KK=\RR,\CC$, $F\subseteq E$ be a subspace, $p:E\rightarrow\RR$ be a seminorm and $u\in F^*$. If $\abs{u(z)}\leq p(z)$ $\forall z\in F$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that $v(z)=u(z)$ $\forall z\in F$ and $\abs{v(x)}\leq p(x)$ $\forall x\in E$. That is, $v$ extends $u$.
   \end{theorem}
   \begin{theorem}[Hahn-Banach theorem]
     Let $E\ne\{0\}$ be a normed vector space.
     \begin{enumerate}
-      \item If $F\subseteq E$ is a subspace and $u\in F^*$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that prolongates $u$ and $\norm{v}=\norm{u}$.
+      \item If $F\subseteq E$ is a subspace and $u\in F^*$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that extends $u$ and $\norm{v}=\norm{u}$.
       \item For all $a\in E$, $\exists v\in E^*$ such that $v(a)=\norm{a}$ and $\norm{v}=1$.
       \item If $F\subseteq E$ is a closed subspace and $a\in E\setminus F$, then $\exists v\in E^*$ such that $v(a)=1$ and $v(F)=\{0\}$.
     \end{enumerate}
@@ -1306,6 +1309,15 @@
   \begin{proposition}
     Let $E$, $F$ be normed vector spaces. The function $$\function{}{\mathcal{L}(E,F)}{\mathcal{L}(F^*,E^*)}{T}{T^*}$$ is linear, bijective and isometric. That is, $\norm{T}=\norm{T^*}$.
   \end{proposition}
+  \begin{theorem}
+    Let $\Omega\subseteq \RR^n$ be a measurable set, $1\leq p\leq \infty$ and $q$ be the Hölder conjugate of $p$. Then:
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item If $1<p<\infty$, then ${(L^p(\Omega))}^*=L^q(\Omega)$.
+      \item If $p=1$, then ${(L^1(\Omega))}^*=L^\infty(\Omega)$.
+      \item If $p=\infty$, then ${(L^\infty(\Omega))}^*\supsetneq L^1(\Omega)$.
+    \end{itemize}
+    In particular, for $1<p<\infty$, $L^p(\Omega)$ is reflexive, while $L^1(\Omega)$ and $L^\infty(\Omega)$ are not.
+  \end{theorem}
   \subsubsection{Spectrum and eigenvalues}
   \begin{proposition}
     Let $E$ be a Banach space and $T\in\mathcal{L}(E)$. Then, $\forall \alpha\in\KK$, $\im(T-\alpha\id)$ and $\ker(T-\alpha\id)$ are invariant over $T$. Moreover, if $\alpha\ne 0$, the function $$\function{S}{\ker(T-\alpha\id)}{\ker(T-\alpha\id)}{x}{\alpha x}$$ is an isomorphism.
@@ -1372,7 +1384,7 @@
       \item The limit $Tx:=\displaystyle\lim_{n\to\infty}T_nx$ exists $\forall x\in D\subseteq E$, where $D$ is a dense set in $E$.
       \item The sequence $(T_nx)$ is bounded $\forall x\in E$.
     \end{itemize}
-    Then, $T$ can be prolongated into a bounded operator such that: $$\norm{T}\leq \liminf_{n\to\infty}\norm{T_n}$$
+    Then, $T$ can be extended into a bounded operator such that: $$\norm{T}\leq \liminf_{n\to\infty}\norm{T_n}$$
   \end{corollary}
   \subsection{Hilbert spaces}
   \subsubsection{Inner products}
diff --git a/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_probability/Advanced_probability.tex b/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_probability/Advanced_probability.tex
index 7a48689..f54cd1c 100644
--- a/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_probability/Advanced_probability.tex
+++ b/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_probability/Advanced_probability.tex
@@ -221,5 +221,57 @@
       \Exp(f(X)\mid Y)=\int_\RR{f(x)\dd{\mathcal{L}^{X\mid Y}(Y,x)}}
     $$
   \end{theorem}
+  \subsection{Martingales}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob)$ be a probability space. A \emph{filtration} is a sequence of sub-$\sigma$-algebras ${(F_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ such that $\forall n\in\NN$, $F_n\subseteq F_{n+1}$. The tuple $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ is called a \emph{filtered probability space}.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space. A stochastic process ${(X_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ is \emph{adapted} to ${(F_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ if $\forall n\in\NN$, $X_n$ is $F_n$-measurable.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space and ${(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be an adapted stochastic process. We say that ${(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ is a \emph{martingale} if $\forall n\in\NN$, $\Exp(\abs{M_n})<\infty$ and $\Exp(M_{n+1}\mid F_n)=M_n$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{remark}
+    A \emph{submartingale} and \emph{supermartingale} are defined similarly, but with $\Exp(M_{n+1}\mid F_n)\geq M_n$ and $\Exp(M_{n+1}\mid F_n)\leq M_n$ respectively.
+  \end{remark}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space. A \emph{stopping time} is a random variable $\tau:\Omega\to \NN\cup\{\infty\}$ such that $\forall n\in\NN$, $\{\tau\leq n\}\in F_n$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space, $\tau$ be a stopping time and $M:={(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be a process. We define the \emph{stopped process} $M^\tau:={(M_{\tau\wedge n})}_{n\in\NN}$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{proposition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space, $\tau$ be a stopping time and $M:={(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be a martingale. Then, $M^\tau:={(M_{\tau\wedge n})}_{n\in\NN}$ is a martingale.
+  \end{proposition}
+  \begin{corollary}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space, $\tau$ be a bounded stopping time and $M:={(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be a martingale. Then, $\Exp(M_\tau)=\Exp(M_0)$.
+  \end{corollary}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space, $\tau$ be a stopping time. We define:
+    $$
+      \mathcal{F}_\tau:=\{A\in\mathcal{F}:\forall n\in\NN, A\cap \{\tau=n\}\in F_n\}
+    $$
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{remark}
+    It can be seen that in the above definition, $\mathcal{F}_\tau$ is a $\sigma$-algebra.
+  \end{remark}
+  \begin{proposition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob,{(F_n)}_{n\in\NN})$ be a filtered probability space, $\rho\leq\tau$ be two bounded stopping times, and $M$ be a martingale. Then, $\Exp(M_\tau\mid \mathcal{F}_\rho)=M_\rho$.
+  \end{proposition}
+  \begin{theorem}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob)$ be a probability space and ${(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be a martingale such that $\sup_{n\in\NN}{\Exp(\abs{M_n})}<\infty$. Then, there exists a random variable $M_\infty$ such that $M_n\overset{\text{a.s.}}{\to} M_\infty$.
+  \end{theorem}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob)$ be a probability space. A family of random variables ${(X_t)}_{t\in I}$ is said to be \emph{uniformly integrable} if:
+    $$
+      \lim_{a\to\infty}{\sup_{t\in I}{\Exp(\abs{X_t}\indi{\abs{X_t}>a})}}=0
+    $$
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{proposition}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob)$ be a probability space and ${(X_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be a family of uniformly integrable random variables such that $X_n\overset{\text{a.s.}}{\to} X$. Then, $X$ is integrable and $\Exp(X_n)\to \Exp(X)$.
+  \end{proposition}
+  \begin{theorem}
+    Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\Prob)$ be a probability space and ${(M_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ be a martingale bounded in $L^p$, $1<p<\infty$. Then, there exists a random variable $M_\infty$ such that $M_n\overset{L^p}{\to} M_\infty$ and $M_n\overset{\text{a.s.}}{\to} M_\infty$.
+  \end{theorem}
 \end{multicols}
 \end{document}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs.tex b/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs.tex
index 4e87267..0701f64 100644
--- a/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs.tex
+++ b/Mathematics/5th/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs.tex
@@ -3,6 +3,57 @@
 \begin{document}
 \changecolor{ATFAPDE}
 \begin{multicols}{2}[\section{Advanced topics in functional analysis and PDEs}]
+  \subsection{\texorpdfstring{$L^p$}{Lp} spaces}
+  \subsubsection{Topologies of \texorpdfstring{$L^p$}{Lp} spaces}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $E$ be a Banach space and ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}\in E$. We say that ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ \emph{converges weakly} to $x\in E$ if $\forall f\in E^*$ we have:
+    $$
+      \lim_{n\to\infty}{f(x_n)}=f(x)
+    $$
+    We denote this by $x_n\rightharpoonup x$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $E$ be a Banach space and ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}\in E$. We say that ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ \emph{converges strongly} to $x\in E$ if $\forall f\in E^*$ we have:
+    $$
+      \lim_{n\to\infty}{\norm{x_n-x}}=0
+    $$
+    We denote this by $x_n\to x$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $E$ be a Banach space and ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}\in E$. Assume $E=F^*$, where $F$ is a Banach space. Then, we say that ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}$ \emph{converges weakly-*} to $x\in E$ if $\forall f\in F$ we have:
+    $$
+      \lim_{n\to\infty}{x_n(f)}=x(f)
+    $$
+    We denote this by $x_n\overset{*}\rightharpoonup x$.
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{theorem}
+    Let $E$ be a Banach space and ${(x_n)}_{n\in\NN}\in E$. Then:
+    \begin{enumerate}
+      \item If $x_n\to x$, then $x_n\rightharpoonup x$.
+      \item If $E$ is reflexive then weak convergence is equivalent to weak-* convergence.
+      \item If $x_n\to x$, $x_n\rightharpoonup x$ or $x_n\overset{*}\rightharpoonup x$, then $(x_n)$ is bounded.
+      \item Let ${(L_n)}_{n\in\NN}\in E^*$. If $x_n\to x$ in $E$ and $L_n\overset{*}\rightharpoonup L$ in $E^*$, then $L_n(x_n)\to L(x)$ in $\CC$.
+    \end{enumerate}
+  \end{theorem}
+  \begin{theorem}[Banach-Alaoglu theorem]
+    Let $\Omega\subseteq \RR^d$ be a set and $1<p<\infty$. If $(f_n)$ is a bounded sequence in $L^p(\Omega)$, then there is a subsequence $(f_{n_k})$ and $f\in L^p(\Omega)$ so that $f_{n_k}\rightharpoonup f$ in $L^p(\Omega)$. If $p=\infty$, then there is a subsequence $(f_{n_k})$ and $f\in L^\infty(\Omega)$ so that $f_{n_k}\overset{*}\rightharpoonup f$ in $L^\infty(\Omega)$.
+  \end{theorem}
+  \subsubsection{Lower-semicontinuous functions and convexity}
+  \begin{definition}
+    Let $E$ be a Banach space, $(x_n)\in E$ and $f:E\to\RR$. We say that $f$ is \emph{strongly lower-semicontinuous} if:
+    $$
+      x_n\to x\implies f(x)\leq \liminf_{n\to\infty}{f(x_n)}
+    $$
+  \end{definition}
+  \begin{remark}
+    Analogously, we can define \emph{weakly lower-semicontinuity} and \emph{weak-* lower-semicontinuity} by replacing $x_n\to x$ by $x_n\rightharpoonup x$ and $x_n\overset{*}\rightharpoonup x$ respectively.
+  \end{remark}
+  \begin{theorem}
+    Let $E$ be a Banach space and $f:E\to\RR$ be convex. Then, $f$ is strongly lower-semicontinuous if and only if $f$ is weakly lower-semicontinuous. In particular, the map ${\norm{\cdot}}_E$ is weakly lower-semicontinuous.
+  \end{theorem}
+  \begin{theorem}
+    Let $\Omega\subseteq \RR^d$ be a set and $1<p<\infty$. Then if $f_n\rightharpoonup f$ in $L^p(\Omega)$, then: $$\norm{f}_p\leq \liminf_{n\to\infty}{\norm{f_n}_p}$$ In addition, if $\displaystyle\norm{f}_p=\lim_{n\to\infty}{\norm{f_n}_p}$, then $f_n\to f$ in $L^p(\Omega)$.
+  \end{theorem}
   \subsection{Sobolev spaces}
   \begin{definition}[Sobolev spaces]
     Let $\Omega\subseteq \RR^d$ be an open set, $m\in\NN$ and $1\leq p\leq \infty$. We define the \emph{Sobolev spaces} $W^{m,p}$ as:
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 71aef6c..ac96a8e 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Mathematics and Physics summaries
 
-Summary of each subject in Mathematics and Physics degree at UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona).
+Summary of each subject in Mathematics and Physics degree at UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) at Paris Dauphine - PSL University.
 
 ### TODO
 
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 2081a8d..a84247f 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
   <div class="header">
     <h1 class="special-color">Mathematics and Physics notes</h1>
     <br>
-    <p>This website intends to summarize some notes about each <q>important</q> subject in Mathematics and Physics degree at Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB).</p>
+    <p>This website intends to summarize some notes about each <q>important</q> subject in Mathematics and Physics degree at Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) and at Paris Dauphine - PSL University.</p>
     <p>You can download the sections separately as you like or the whole file of Mathematics or Physics (better in order to avoid linking errors).</p>
   </div>
   <div class="row">
diff --git a/main_math.idx b/main_math.idx
index e55f700..31e0bbc 100644
--- a/main_math.idx
+++ b/main_math.idx
@@ -1,3055 +1,3096 @@
-\indexentry{Peano axioms|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{Induction axiom|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{Induction axiom|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{set|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{cardinal|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{subset|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{Axiom of extensionality|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{equal|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{power set|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{empty set|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{intersection|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{union|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{complement|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{De Morgan's laws|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{set difference|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{predicate|hyperpage}{5}
-\indexentry{Cartesian product|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{function|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{composition|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{preimage|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{preimage|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{injective|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{surjective|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{bijective|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{inverse function|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{invertible|hyperpage}{6}
-\indexentry{negation|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{$P$ and $Q$ are both true|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{either $P$ or $Q$ are true|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{$Q$ is true whenever $P$ is true|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{$P$ and $Q$ have the same truth-value|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{symmetric group|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{order|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{support|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{orbit|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{Orbit structure|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{Orbit linear structure|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{cycle|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{transposition|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{sign|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{equivalence relation|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{equivalence class|hyperpage}{7}
-\indexentry{partial order relation|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{partially ordered set|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{poset|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{minimal element|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{least element|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{maximal element|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{total order relation|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{well-order relation|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{well-ordered set|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{Cantor-Bernstein theorem|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{Cantor's theorem|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{characteristic function|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{indicator function|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{Binomial coefficient formulas|hyperpage}{8}
-\indexentry{Pigeonhole principle|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Combinations without repetition|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Combinations with repetition|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Variations without repetition|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Variacions with repetition|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{multiple|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{least common multiple|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{greatest common divisor|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{coprime|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{relatively prime|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{prime|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Bézout's theorem|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss ' theorem|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Prime number theorem|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of arithmetic|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Euclid's theorem|hyperpage}{9}
-\indexentry{Chinese remainder theorem|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{Euler's totient function|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{Euler's theorem|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{Fermat's little theorem|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{polynomial|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{variable|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{indeterminate|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{coefficients|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{constant term|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{leading coefficient|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{degree|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{sum|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{product|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{Euclidian division|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{monic|hyperpage}{10}
-\indexentry{Bézout's theorem|hyperpage}{10}
+\indexentry{Peano axioms|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{Induction axiom|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{Induction axiom|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{set|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{cardinal|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{subset|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{Axiom of extensionality|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{equal|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{power set|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{empty set|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{intersection|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{union|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{complement|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{De Morgan's laws|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{set difference|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{predicate|hyperpage}{6}
+\indexentry{Cartesian product|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{function|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{composition|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{preimage|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{preimage|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{injective|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{surjective|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{bijective|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{inverse function|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{invertible|hyperpage}{7}
+\indexentry{negation|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{$P$ and $Q$ are both true|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{either $P$ or $Q$ are true|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{$Q$ is true whenever $P$ is true|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{$P$ and $Q$ have the same truth-value|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{symmetric group|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{order|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{support|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{orbit|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{Orbit structure|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{Orbit linear structure|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{cycle|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{transposition|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{sign|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{equivalence relation|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{equivalence class|hyperpage}{8}
+\indexentry{partial order relation|hyperpage}{9}
+\indexentry{partially ordered set|hyperpage}{9}
+\indexentry{poset|hyperpage}{9}
+\indexentry{minimal element|hyperpage}{9}
+\indexentry{least element|hyperpage}{9}
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+\indexentry{Combinations with repetition|hyperpage}{10}
+\indexentry{Variations without repetition|hyperpage}{10}
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 \indexentry{coprime|hyperpage}{10}
 \indexentry{relatively prime|hyperpage}{10}
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-\indexentry{row echelon form|hyperpage}{13}
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-\indexentry{orthonormal|hyperpage}{21}
-\indexentry{orthogonal complement|hyperpage}{21}
-\indexentry{radical|hyperpage}{21}
-\indexentry{nonsingular|hyperpage}{21}
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+\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of arithmetic|hyperpage}{10}
+\indexentry{Euclid's theorem|hyperpage}{10}
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+\indexentry{Euler's totient function|hyperpage}{11}
+\indexentry{Euler's theorem|hyperpage}{11}
+\indexentry{Fermat's little theorem|hyperpage}{11}
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+\indexentry{rank|hyperpage}{14}
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+\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{17}
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+\indexentry{bilinear form|hyperpage}{22}
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-\indexentry{orthogonal projection|hyperpage}{22}
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-\indexentry{norm associated with the inner product|hyperpage}{23}
-\indexentry{angle|hyperpage}{23}
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 \indexentry{orthogonal|hyperpage}{23}
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-\indexentry{finite|hyperpage}{24}
-\indexentry{countable|hyperpage}{24}
-\indexentry{uncountable|hyperpage}{24}
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 \indexentry{bounded from above|hyperpage}{25}
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 \indexentry{bounded from below|hyperpage}{25}
-\indexentry{bounded|hyperpage}{25}
-\indexentry{Limit|hyperpage}{25}
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-\indexentry{monotonically decreasing|hyperpage}{25}
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-\indexentry{Subsequence|hyperpage}{25}
-\indexentry{subsequence|hyperpage}{25}
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-\indexentry{Cauchy sequence|hyperpage}{26}
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+\indexentry{lower bound|hyperpage}{25}
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 \indexentry{bounded|hyperpage}{26}
-\indexentry{right-sided limit of $f$ at $x_0$|hyperpage}{26}
-\indexentry{left-sided limit of $f$ at $x_0$|hyperpage}{26}
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-\indexentry{Discontinuity of the second kind|hyperpage}{27}
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-\indexentry{strictly decreasing|hyperpage}{27}
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-\indexentry{class $\mathcal  {C}^\infty $ at $a$|hyperpage}{30}
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-\indexentry{quotient group|hyperpage}{38}
-\indexentry{First isomorphism theorem|hyperpage}{38}
-\indexentry{products of group subsets|hyperpage}{39}
-\indexentry{Second isomorphism theorem|hyperpage}{39}
-\indexentry{Correspondence theorem|hyperpage}{39}
-\indexentry{Third isomorphism theorem|hyperpage}{39}
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-\indexentry{(left) $G$-set|hyperpage}{39}
-\indexentry{orbit|hyperpage}{39}
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-\indexentry{center|hyperpage}{40}
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-\indexentry{dihedral group|hyperpage}{41}
-\indexentry{quaternion group|hyperpage}{41}
-\indexentry{dicyclic group|hyperpage}{41}
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-\indexentry{ring|hyperpage}{41}
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+\indexentry{Mean value theorem for vector-valued functions|hyperpage}{56}
+\indexentry{partial derivative of order $k$|hyperpage}{56}
+\indexentry{Hessian matrix|hyperpage}{56}
+\indexentry{Schwarz's theorem|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{Inverse function theorem|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{diffeomorphism|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{Implicit function theorem|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{Taylor's theorem|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{multi-index notation|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{local maximum|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{local minimum|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{local extremum|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{global maximum|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{global minimum|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{critical point|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{saddle point|hyperpage}{57}
+\indexentry{Sylvester's criterion|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{Lagrange multipliers theorem|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{rectangle|hyperpage}{58}
 \indexentry{$n$-dimensional volume|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{Cavalieri's principle|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{Center of mass|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{center of mass|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{Moment of inertia|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{moment of inertia|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{integrable function|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{Riemann-integrable function|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{$y$-simple|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{$yz$-simple|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{$xz$-simple|hyperpage}{58}
-\indexentry{Change of variable theorem|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{Integral in polar coordinates|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{Integral in cylindrical coordinates|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{Integral in spherical coordinates|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{length of the polygonal|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{arc length|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{rectifiable|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{reparametrization|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{arc length parameter|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{vector field|hyperpage}{59}
-\indexentry{curvature|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{line integral|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{line integral|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{circulation|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{Jordan arc|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{Jordan closed curve|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{conservative|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{gradient vector field|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{potential|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{divergence|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{curl|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{Laplacian|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{parametrized surface|hyperpage}{60}
-\indexentry{surface integral|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{length|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{surface|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{partition|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{finer than|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{lower sum|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{upper sum|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{lower integral|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{upper integral|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{Riemann-integrable|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{Riemann sum|hyperpage}{58}
+\indexentry{Fubini's theorem|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{elementary region|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{$x$-simple|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{$xy$-simple|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{Fubini's theorem for elementary regions|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{$n$-dimensional volume|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{Cavalieri's principle|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{Center of mass|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{center of mass|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{Moment of inertia|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{moment of inertia|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{integrable function|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{Riemann-integrable function|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{$y$-simple|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{$yz$-simple|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{$xz$-simple|hyperpage}{59}
+\indexentry{Change of variable theorem|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{Integral in polar coordinates|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{Integral in cylindrical coordinates|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{Integral in spherical coordinates|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{length of the polygonal|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{arc length|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{rectifiable|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{reparametrization|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{arc length parameter|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{vector field|hyperpage}{60}
+\indexentry{curvature|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{line integral|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{line integral|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{circulation|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{Jordan arc|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{Jordan closed curve|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{conservative|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{gradient vector field|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{potential|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{divergence|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{curl|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{Laplacian|hyperpage}{61}
+\indexentry{parametrized surface|hyperpage}{61}
 \indexentry{surface integral|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{flux|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{differential 1-form|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{Green's theorem|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^2$|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{Stokes' theorem|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{symmetric|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^3$|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{2-forms|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{3-forms|hyperpage}{61}
-\indexentry{Euclid's axioms|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Playfair's axiom|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{points|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{lines|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{incidence relation|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{order relation|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{congruence relation|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Incidence axioms|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Order axioms|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Pasch's axiom|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{ray|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{half-line|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{half-plane|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{angle|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Congruence axioms|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{SAS criterion|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Continuity axioms|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Axiom of Archimedes|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{Axiom of completeness|hyperpage}{62}
-\indexentry{RC|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{CC|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Axiom of Parallels|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Hilbert plane|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Pythagorean plane|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Euclidean plane|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Cartesian geometry|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Absolute geometry|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{surface integral|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{flux|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{differential 1-form|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{Green's theorem|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^2$|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{Stokes' theorem|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{symmetric|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^3$|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{2-forms|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{3-forms|hyperpage}{62}
+\indexentry{Euclid's axioms|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Playfair's axiom|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{points|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{lines|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{incidence relation|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{order relation|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{congruence relation|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Incidence axioms|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Order axioms|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Pasch's axiom|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{ray|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{half-line|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{half-plane|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{angle|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Congruence axioms|hyperpage}{63}
 \indexentry{SAS criterion|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{SSS criterion|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Exterior angle theorem|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{ASA criterion|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{SAA criterion|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Saccheri-Legendre theorem|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{ordered field|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Pythagorean|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Archimedean|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Euclidean|hyperpage}{63}
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-\indexentry{constructible field|hyperpage}{63}
-\indexentry{Hyperbolic geometry|hyperpage}{64}
-\indexentry{Hyperbolic geometry|hyperpage}{64}
-\indexentry{Non-Paschian geometry|hyperpage}{64}
-\indexentry{Non-Paschian geometry|hyperpage}{64}
-\indexentry{Construction of a non-Paschian geometry|hyperpage}{64}
-\indexentry{Non-SAS geometry|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Non-SAS geometry|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Construction of a non-SAS geometry|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Non-Archimedean geometry|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Non-Archimedean geometry|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{axiomatic projective space|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Projective axiom|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{projective subvariety|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{collineation|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{dimension|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{projective plane|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Duality principle|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{affine plane|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Passage from the projective plane to the affine plane|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{Passage from the affine plane to the projective plane|hyperpage}{65}
-\indexentry{$n$-dimensional projective space|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{homography|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{semilinear isomorphism|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{isomorphism between projective spaces|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{$m$-dimensional projective subvariety|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{line|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{hyperplane|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{homogeneous coordinates|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{projective frame|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{equation of the hyperplane|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{Gra\ss mann formula|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{configuration|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{realizable|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{theorem|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{Fano configuration|hyperpage}{66}
-\indexentry{Pappus configuration|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{in perspective with respect to a point|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{centre of perspectivity|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{in perspective with respect to a line|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{axis of perspectivity|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{Desargues' theorem|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{Desargues configuration|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{non-Desarguesian planes|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{Coordination theorem|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of projective geometry|hyperpage}{67}
-\indexentry{Cross ratio|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{cross ratio|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{harmonic ratio|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{cross ratio|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{perspectivity|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{projectivity|hyperpage}{68}
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-\indexentry{affine space|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{dimension|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{affine combination|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{affinely independents|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{barycenter|hyperpage}{68}
-\indexentry{affine subvariety|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{director subspace|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{line|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{hyperplane|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{parallel|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{sum|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{Affine Gra\ss mann formulas|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{origin|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{affine coordinates|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{homogenization|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{dehomogenization|hyperpage}{69}
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-\indexentry{affinity|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{differential|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{semiaffinity|hyperpage}{69}
-\indexentry{similar|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{fixed point|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{invariant under an affinity|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{invariance level|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Translations|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{translation|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Properties of translations|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Reflections|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{reflection|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{mirror of the reflection|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{root of the reflection|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Properties of reflections|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Projections|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{projection|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Properties of projections|hyperpage}{70}
-\indexentry{Homotheties|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{homothety|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{similitude ratio of the homothety|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Properties of homotheties|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{glide reflection|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Simple ratio|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{simple ratio|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of affine geometry|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Euclidean affine space|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{distance between two points|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{segment|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Triangular inequality|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Pythagorean theorem|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{orthogonal|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{distance between two affine subvarieties|hyperpage}{71}
-\indexentry{Euclidean motion|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{Examples of Euclidean motions|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{orthogonal reflections|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{Glide orthogonal reflections|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{Classification of isometries|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{glide vector|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{Classification of Euclidean motions|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{quadric|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{points of the quadric|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{conic|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{equivalent|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{quadric|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{points of the quadric|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{equivalent|hyperpage}{72}
-\indexentry{Homogenization|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Dehomogenization|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{anisotropic|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{elliptic|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{hyperbolic plane|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{quadratic form|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{non-degenerate|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{quadratic space|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{isometry|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{totally isotropic|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{rank|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Witt's theorem|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{index|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$|hyperpage}{73}
-\indexentry{Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$|hyperpage}{74}
-\indexentry{Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$|hyperpage}{74}
-\indexentry{Classification of affine quadrics|hyperpage}{74}
-\indexentry{numeric series|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{general term of the series|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{$N$-th partial sum of the series|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{convergent|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{sum of the series|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{divergent|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Cauchy's test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Linearity|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Associative property|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Comparison test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Limit comparison test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Root test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Ratio test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Raabe's test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Condensation test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Logarithmic test|hyperpage}{75}
-\indexentry{Integral test|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{alternating series|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{Leibnitz's test|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{Abel's summation formula|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet's test|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{Abel's test|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{absolutely convergent|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{rearrangement of the sequence|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{rearrangement of the series|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{positive part|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{negative part|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{Riemann's theorem|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{sequence of real functions|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{converges pointwise|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{converges uniformly|hyperpage}{76}
-\indexentry{Cauchy's test|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{series of functions|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{converges pointwise|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{sum of the series in a pointwise sense|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{converges uniformly|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{sum of the series in an uniform sense|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{Cauchy's test|hyperpage}{77}
-\indexentry{Weierstra\ss \ M-test|hyperpage}{77}
+\indexentry{Continuity axioms|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Axiom of Archimedes|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{Axiom of completeness|hyperpage}{63}
+\indexentry{RC|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{CC|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Axiom of Parallels|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Hilbert plane|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Pythagorean plane|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Euclidean plane|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Cartesian geometry|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Absolute geometry|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{SAS criterion|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{SSS criterion|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Exterior angle theorem|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{ASA criterion|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{SAA criterion|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Saccheri-Legendre theorem|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{ordered field|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Pythagorean|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Archimedean|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Euclidean|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Hilbert field|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{constructible field|hyperpage}{64}
+\indexentry{Hyperbolic geometry|hyperpage}{65}
+\indexentry{Hyperbolic geometry|hyperpage}{65}
+\indexentry{Non-Paschian geometry|hyperpage}{65}
+\indexentry{Non-Paschian geometry|hyperpage}{65}
+\indexentry{Construction of a non-Paschian geometry|hyperpage}{65}
+\indexentry{Non-SAS geometry|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Non-SAS geometry|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Construction of a non-SAS geometry|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Non-Archimedean geometry|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Non-Archimedean geometry|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{axiomatic projective space|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Projective axiom|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{projective subvariety|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{collineation|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{dimension|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{projective plane|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Duality principle|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{affine plane|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Passage from the projective plane to the affine plane|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{Passage from the affine plane to the projective plane|hyperpage}{66}
+\indexentry{$n$-dimensional projective space|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{homography|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{semilinear isomorphism|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{isomorphism between projective spaces|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{$m$-dimensional projective subvariety|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{line|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{hyperplane|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{homogeneous coordinates|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{projective frame|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{equation of the hyperplane|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{Gra\ss mann formula|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{configuration|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{realizable|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{theorem|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{Fano configuration|hyperpage}{67}
+\indexentry{Pappus configuration|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{in perspective with respect to a point|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{centre of perspectivity|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{in perspective with respect to a line|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{axis of perspectivity|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{Desargues' theorem|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{Desargues configuration|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{non-Desarguesian planes|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{Coordination theorem|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of projective geometry|hyperpage}{68}
+\indexentry{Cross ratio|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{cross ratio|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{harmonic ratio|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{cross ratio|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{perspectivity|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{projectivity|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{Plücker coordinates|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{affine space|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{dimension|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{affine combination|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{affinely independents|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{barycenter|hyperpage}{69}
+\indexentry{affine subvariety|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{director subspace|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{line|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{hyperplane|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{parallel|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{sum|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{Affine Gra\ss mann formulas|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{origin|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{affine coordinates|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{homogenization|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{dehomogenization|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{parametric equations|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{Cartesian equations|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{affinity|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{differential|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{semiaffinity|hyperpage}{70}
+\indexentry{similar|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{fixed point|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{invariant under an affinity|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{invariance level|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Translations|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{translation|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Properties of translations|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Reflections|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{reflection|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{mirror of the reflection|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{root of the reflection|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Properties of reflections|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Projections|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{projection|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Properties of projections|hyperpage}{71}
+\indexentry{Homotheties|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{homothety|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{similitude ratio of the homothety|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Properties of homotheties|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{glide reflection|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Simple ratio|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{simple ratio|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of affine geometry|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Euclidean affine space|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{distance between two points|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{segment|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Triangular inequality|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Pythagorean theorem|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{orthogonal|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{distance between two affine subvarieties|hyperpage}{72}
+\indexentry{Euclidean motion|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{Examples of Euclidean motions|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{orthogonal reflections|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{Glide orthogonal reflections|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{Classification of isometries|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{glide vector|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{Classification of Euclidean motions|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{quadric|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{points of the quadric|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{conic|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{equivalent|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{quadric|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{points of the quadric|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{equivalent|hyperpage}{73}
+\indexentry{Homogenization|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Dehomogenization|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{anisotropic|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{elliptic|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{hyperbolic plane|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{quadratic form|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{non-degenerate|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{quadratic space|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{isometry|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{totally isotropic|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{rank|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Witt's theorem|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{index|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$|hyperpage}{74}
+\indexentry{Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$|hyperpage}{75}
+\indexentry{Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$|hyperpage}{75}
+\indexentry{Classification of affine quadrics|hyperpage}{75}
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+\indexentry{Associative property|hyperpage}{76}
+\indexentry{Comparison test|hyperpage}{76}
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+\indexentry{Root test|hyperpage}{76}
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+\indexentry{Condensation test|hyperpage}{76}
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+\indexentry{alternating series|hyperpage}{77}
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 \indexentry{Dirichlet's test|hyperpage}{77}
 \indexentry{Abel's test|hyperpage}{77}
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+\indexentry{odd extension|hyperpage}{84}
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 \indexentry{Wirtinger's inequality|hyperpage}{87}
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-\indexentry{has $u$ significant digits|hyperpage}{88}
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-\indexentry{absolute condition numbers|hyperpage}{88}
-\indexentry{Propagation of relative errors|hyperpage}{88}
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-\indexentry{numerically stable|hyperpage}{89}
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-\indexentry{zero|hyperpage}{89}
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-\indexentry{simple|hyperpage}{89}
-\indexentry{double|hyperpage}{89}
-\indexentry{triple|hyperpage}{89}
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-\indexentry{Steffensen's method|hyperpage}{91}
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-\indexentry{Newton's divided differences\\method|hyperpage}{92}
-\indexentry{equally-spaced|hyperpage}{92}
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-\indexentry{Spline|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{spline|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{cubic splines|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{Natural cubic spline|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{Cubic Hermite spline|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{Cubic periodic spline|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{seminorm|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{Intermediate value theorem|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{Forward and backward difference formula of order 1|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{seminorm|hyperpage}{93}
-\indexentry{norm|hyperpage}{93}
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-\indexentry{Symmetric difference formula of order 2|hyperpage}{94}
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-\indexentry{quadrature formula|hyperpage}{94}
-\indexentry{degree of precision|hyperpage}{94}
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-\indexentry{Closed Newton-Cotes Formulas|hyperpage}{94}
-\indexentry{Trapezoidal rule|hyperpage}{94}
-\indexentry{Simpson's rule|hyperpage}{94}
-\indexentry{Composite Trapezoidal rule|hyperpage}{94}
-\indexentry{Composite Simpson's rule|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Bernoulli polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Bernoulli numbers|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Euler-Maclaurin formula|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Romberg method|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Orthogonal polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{orthogonal with respect to the weight $\omega (x)$|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{orthogonal basis|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Existence of orthogonal polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Chebyshev polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Chebyshev polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Laguerre polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Laguerre polynomials|hyperpage}{95}
-\indexentry{Legendre polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
-\indexentry{Legendre polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
-\indexentry{quadrature formula with weight $\omega (x)$|hyperpage}{96}
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-\indexentry{lower triangular|hyperpage}{96}
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-\indexentry{condition number|hyperpage}{98}
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-\indexentry{Jacobi method|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss -Seidel method|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss -Seidel method|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{Over-relaxation methods|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{relaxation factor|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{Over-relaxation methods|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{Successive over-relaxation \\method|hyperpage}{99}
-\indexentry{Successive over-relaxation method|hyperpage}{99}
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-\indexentry{irreducible|hyperpage}{99}
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-\indexentry{power method|hyperpage}{100}
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-\indexentry{normalized power method|hyperpage}{100}
-\indexentry{Rayleigh quotient|hyperpage}{100}
-\indexentry{Rayleigh quotient|hyperpage}{100}
-\indexentry{Inverse power method|hyperpage}{100}
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-\indexentry{Complete pivoting|hyperpage}{101}
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-\indexentry{$N$-th partial sum of the series|hyperpage}{104}
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+\indexentry{asymptotic error constant|hyperpage}{91}
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+\indexentry{Aitken's $\Delta ^2$ method|hyperpage}{91}
+\indexentry{Steffensen's method|hyperpage}{92}
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+\indexentry{Sturm's sequence|hyperpage}{92}
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+\indexentry{Descartes' rule of signs|hyperpage}{92}
+\indexentry{Gershgorin circle theorem|hyperpage}{92}
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+\indexentry{support points|hyperpage}{93}
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+\indexentry{Lagrange basis polynomials|hyperpage}{93}
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+\indexentry{divided difference|hyperpage}{93}
+\indexentry{Newton's divided differences\\method|hyperpage}{93}
+\indexentry{equally-spaced|hyperpage}{93}
+\indexentry{Hermite interpolation problem|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Spline|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{spline|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{cubic splines|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Natural cubic spline|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Cubic Hermite spline|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Cubic periodic spline|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{seminorm|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Intermediate value theorem|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Forward and backward difference formula of order 1|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{seminorm|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{norm|hyperpage}{94}
+\indexentry{Symmetric difference formula of order 1|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Symmetric difference formula of order 2|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Richardson extrapolation|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{quadrature formula|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{degree of precision|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Mean value theorem for integrals|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Closed Newton-Cotes Formulas|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Trapezoidal rule|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Simpson's rule|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Composite Trapezoidal rule|hyperpage}{95}
+\indexentry{Composite Simpson's rule|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Bernoulli polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Bernoulli numbers|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Euler-Maclaurin formula|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Romberg method|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Orthogonal polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{orthogonal with respect to the weight $\omega (x)$|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{orthogonal basis|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Existence of orthogonal polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Chebyshev polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Chebyshev polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Laguerre polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
+\indexentry{Laguerre polynomials|hyperpage}{96}
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+\indexentry{Legendre polynomials|hyperpage}{97}
+\indexentry{quadrature formula with weight $\omega (x)$|hyperpage}{97}
+\indexentry{upper triangular|hyperpage}{97}
+\indexentry{lower triangular|hyperpage}{97}
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+\indexentry{subordinated matrix norm|hyperpage}{97}
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+\indexentry{spectral radius|hyperpage}{98}
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+\indexentry{condition number|hyperpage}{99}
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+\indexentry{strictly diagonally dominant by columns|hyperpage}{99}
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+\indexentry{Jacobi method|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss -Seidel method|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss -Seidel method|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{Over-relaxation methods|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{relaxation factor|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{Over-relaxation methods|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{Successive over-relaxation \\method|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{Successive over-relaxation method|hyperpage}{100}
+\indexentry{SOR|hyperpage}{100}
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+\indexentry{dominant eigenvector|hyperpage}{100}
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+\indexentry{irreducible|hyperpage}{100}
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+\indexentry{power method|hyperpage}{101}
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+\indexentry{normalized power method|hyperpage}{101}
+\indexentry{Rayleigh quotient|hyperpage}{101}
+\indexentry{Rayleigh quotient|hyperpage}{101}
+\indexentry{Inverse power method|hyperpage}{101}
+\indexentry{inverse power method|hyperpage}{101}
+\indexentry{Gaussian elimination|hyperpage}{101}
+\indexentry{Partial pivoting|hyperpage}{102}
+\indexentry{Complete pivoting|hyperpage}{102}
+\indexentry{LU descompostion|hyperpage}{102}
+\indexentry{LU decomposition|hyperpage}{102}
+\indexentry{permutation matrix|hyperpage}{102}
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+\indexentry{complex conjugate|hyperpage}{104}
+\indexentry{conjugate|hyperpage}{104}
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+\indexentry{imaginary part|hyperpage}{104}
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+\indexentry{argument|hyperpage}{104}
+\indexentry{multivalued function|hyperpage}{104}
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+\indexentry{extended complex plane|hyperpage}{105}
+\indexentry{extended real numbers|hyperpage}{105}
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+\indexentry{stereographic projection|hyperpage}{105}
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+\indexentry{limit|hyperpage}{105}
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 \indexentry{convergent|hyperpage}{105}
-\indexentry{sum of the series|hyperpage}{105}
 \indexentry{divergent|hyperpage}{105}
-\indexentry{reordering|hyperpage}{105}
-\indexentry{Abel's summation formula|hyperpage}{105}
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-\indexentry{converges uniformly|hyperpage}{105}
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 \indexentry{converges pointwise|hyperpage}{106}
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 \indexentry{converges uniformly|hyperpage}{106}
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-\indexentry{Morera's theorem|hyperpage}{113}
-\indexentry{Weierstra\ss ' theorem|hyperpage}{113}
-\indexentry{multiplicity|hyperpage}{113}
-\indexentry{Analytic continuation theorem|hyperpage}{113}
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-\indexentry{Minimum modulus principle|hyperpage}{113}
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-\indexentry{domain|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{region|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{star domain|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{convex|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{Mean value property|hyperpage}{114}
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-\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{cycle|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{index|hyperpage}{114}
-\indexentry{homologous to zero|hyperpage}{114}
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-\indexentry{Cauchy's integral theorem|hyperpage}{115}
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-\indexentry{simply connected|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{isolated singularity|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{Removable singularity|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{removable singularity|hyperpage}{115}
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-\indexentry{pole|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{Pole|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{order|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{simple|hyperpage}{115}
-\indexentry{residue|hyperpage}{115}
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-\indexentry{essential singularity|hyperpage}{116}
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-\indexentry{uniformly convergent|hyperpage}{116}
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-\indexentry{Laurent series|hyperpage}{116}
-\indexentry{Partial fraction decomposition theorem|hyperpage}{116}
-\indexentry{Residues theorem|hyperpage}{116}
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-\indexentry{Casorati-Weierstra\ss \ theorem|hyperpage}{117}
-\indexentry{Little Picard's theorem|hyperpage}{117}
-\indexentry{Great Picard's theorem|hyperpage}{117}
-\indexentry{meromorphic|hyperpage}{117}
-\indexentry{Argument principle|hyperpage}{117}
-\indexentry{Generalized argument principle|hyperpage}{117}
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-\indexentry{Hurwitz's theorem|hyperpage}{118}
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-\indexentry{conformal|hyperpage}{118}
-\indexentry{conformal representation|hyperpage}{118}
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-\indexentry{translation|hyperpage}{118}
-\indexentry{rotation|hyperpage}{118}
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-\indexentry{inversion|hyperpage}{118}
-\indexentry{cross ratio|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{circle|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{orientation|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Right side|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Left side|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Center|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Orientation principle|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{reflection|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Symmetry principle|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Schwarz lemma|hyperpage}{119}
-\indexentry{Schwarz-Pick lemma|hyperpage}{120}
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-\indexentry{ode|hyperpage}{121}
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-\indexentry{non-autonomous|hyperpage}{121}
-\indexentry{linear|hyperpage}{121}
-\indexentry{homogeneous|hyperpage}{121}
-\indexentry{constant coefficients|hyperpage}{121}
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-\indexentry{ivp|hyperpage}{121}
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-\indexentry{Bernoulli differential equation|hyperpage}{122}
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-\indexentry{Riccati differential equation|hyperpage}{122}
-\indexentry{Integrating factor|hyperpage}{123}
-\indexentry{integrating factor|hyperpage}{123}
-\indexentry{Lipschitz continuous with respect to the second variable|hyperpage}{123}
-\indexentry{locally Lipschitz continuous with respect to the second variable|hyperpage}{123}
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-\indexentry{generalized eigenspace|hyperpage}{127}
-\indexentry{flow|hyperpage}{127}
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-\indexentry{Dependence on $t_0$|hyperpage}{128}
-\indexentry{Dependence on $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {\lambda }}$|hyperpage}{128}
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-\indexentry{local conjugacy|hyperpage}{131}
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-\indexentry{stable node|hyperpage}{132}
-\indexentry{stable degenerated node|hyperpage}{132}
-\indexentry{stable star|hyperpage}{132}
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-\indexentry{Poincaré-Bendixson theorem|hyperpage}{135}
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-\indexentry{Generalized Bendixson-Dulac theorem|hyperpage}{136}
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-\indexentry{Poincaré disk|hyperpage}{137}
-\indexentry{integrating factor|hyperpage}{137}
-\indexentry{exponential factor|hyperpage}{137}
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-\indexentry{index|hyperpage}{137}
-\indexentry{homotopic|hyperpage}{138}
-\indexentry{homotopy|hyperpage}{138}
-\indexentry{contractible|hyperpage}{138}
+\indexentry{Cauchy's test|hyperpage}{107}
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+\indexentry{complex natural logarithm|hyperpage}{108}
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+\indexentry{$\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$-differentiable|hyperpage}{109}
+\indexentry{derivative of $f$ at $z_0$|hyperpage}{109}
+\indexentry{Chain rule|hyperpage}{109}
+\indexentry{holomorphic|hyperpage}{109}
+\indexentry{entire function|hyperpage}{109}
+\indexentry{determination|hyperpage}{110}
+\indexentry{determination of the logarithm|hyperpage}{110}
+\indexentry{determination|hyperpage}{110}
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+\indexentry{$\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$-differentiable|hyperpage}{110}
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+\indexentry{Cauchy-Riemann theorem|hyperpage}{111}
+\indexentry{Cauchy-Riemann equations|hyperpage}{111}
+\indexentry{Wirtinger operators|hyperpage}{111}
+\indexentry{integral|hyperpage}{111}
+\indexentry{line integral|hyperpage}{112}
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+\indexentry{Local Cauchy's integral theorem|hyperpage}{112}
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+\indexentry{winding number|hyperpage}{113}
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+\indexentry{Local Cauchy's integral formula for derivatives|hyperpage}{113}
+\indexentry{Cauchy's inequality|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{Liouville's theorem|hyperpage}{114}
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+\indexentry{Cardano-Vieta's formulas|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{Morera's theorem|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{Weierstra\ss ' theorem|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{multiplicity|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{Analytic continuation theorem|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{Maximum modulus principle|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{Minimum modulus principle|hyperpage}{114}
+\indexentry{harmonic|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{domain|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{region|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{star domain|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{convex|hyperpage}{115}
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+\indexentry{image|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{cycle|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{index|hyperpage}{115}
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+\indexentry{General Cauchy's integral formula|hyperpage}{115}
+\indexentry{Cauchy's integral theorem|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{General Cauchy's integral formula for derivatives|hyperpage}{116}
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+\indexentry{Open mapping theorem|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{simply connected|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{simply connected|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{isolated singularity|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{Removable singularity|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{removable singularity|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{Riemann's theorem on removable singularities|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{pole|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{Pole|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{order|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{simple|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{residue|hyperpage}{116}
+\indexentry{Essential singularity|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{essential singularity|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{convergent|hyperpage}{117}
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+\indexentry{uniformly convergent|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{Laurent series theorem|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{Laurent series|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{Partial fraction decomposition theorem|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{Residues theorem|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{Calculation of integrals|hyperpage}{117}
+\indexentry{Casorati-Weierstra\ss \ theorem|hyperpage}{118}
+\indexentry{Little Picard's theorem|hyperpage}{118}
+\indexentry{Great Picard's theorem|hyperpage}{118}
+\indexentry{meromorphic|hyperpage}{118}
+\indexentry{Argument principle|hyperpage}{118}
+\indexentry{Generalized argument principle|hyperpage}{118}
+\indexentry{Rouché's theorem|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{Binomial theorem|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{Hurwitz's theorem|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{conformal|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{conformal|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{conformal representation|hyperpage}{119}
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+\indexentry{Möbius transformation|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{translation|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{rotation|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{dilatation|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{inversion|hyperpage}{119}
+\indexentry{cross ratio|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{circle|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{orientation|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Right side|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Left side|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Center|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Orientation principle|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{reflection|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Symmetry principle|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Schwarz lemma|hyperpage}{120}
+\indexentry{Schwarz-Pick lemma|hyperpage}{121}
+\indexentry{surjective|hyperpage}{121}
+\indexentry{relatively compact|hyperpage}{121}
+\indexentry{normal|hyperpage}{121}
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+\indexentry{bounded by compact sets|hyperpage}{121}
+\indexentry{Montel's theorem|hyperpage}{121}
+\indexentry{Riemann conformal representation theorem|hyperpage}{121}
+\indexentry{ordinary differential equation|hyperpage}{122}
+\indexentry{ode|hyperpage}{122}
+\indexentry{implicit form|hyperpage}{122}
+\indexentry{independent variable|hyperpage}{122}
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+\indexentry{non-autonomous|hyperpage}{122}
+\indexentry{linear|hyperpage}{122}
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+\indexentry{initial value problem|hyperpage}{122}
+\indexentry{ivp|hyperpage}{122}
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+\indexentry{initial conditions|hyperpage}{122}
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+\indexentry{Variation of constants|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Characteristic equation|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{characteristic equation|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Reducible linear ode of second order|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Bernoulli differential equation|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Bernoulli differential equation|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Riccati differential equation|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Riccati differential equation|hyperpage}{123}
+\indexentry{Integrating factor|hyperpage}{124}
+\indexentry{integrating factor|hyperpage}{124}
+\indexentry{Lipschitz continuous with respect to the second variable|hyperpage}{124}
+\indexentry{locally Lipschitz continuous with respect to the second variable|hyperpage}{124}
+\indexentry{operator|hyperpage}{124}
+\indexentry{Banach fixed-point theorem|hyperpage}{125}
+\indexentry{Picard theorem|hyperpage}{125}
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+\indexentry{positive|hyperpage}{158}
+\indexentry{orientation induced by $M$|hyperpage}{158}
+\indexentry{integral|hyperpage}{158}
+\indexentry{integral|hyperpage}{158}
 \indexentry{integral|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{Change of variables|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{Stokes theorem|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{Green's formula|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{line intergal|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{circulation|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{surface intergal|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{flux|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{Curl theorem|hyperpage}{158}
-\indexentry{Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^3$|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{Divergence theorem|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{simple region|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{edges|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{vertices|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{exterior angle|hyperpage}{159}
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-\indexentry{triangle|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{regular region|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{Global Gau\ss -Bonnet theorem|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{singular point|hyperpage}{159}
-\indexentry{isolated singular point|hyperpage}{159}
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-\indexentry{symmetric polynomial|hyperpage}{162}
-\indexentry{elementary symmetric polynomials|hyperpage}{162}
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-\indexentry{lexicographic degree|hyperpage}{162}
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-\indexentry{Tower formula|hyperpage}{164}
-\indexentry{tower of fields|hyperpage}{164}
-\indexentry{finitely generated|hyperpage}{164}
-\indexentry{compositum|hyperpage}{164}
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+\indexentry{circulation|hyperpage}{159}
+\indexentry{surface intergal|hyperpage}{159}
+\indexentry{flux|hyperpage}{159}
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+\indexentry{Divergence theorem|hyperpage}{160}
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+\indexentry{edges|hyperpage}{160}
+\indexentry{vertices|hyperpage}{160}
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+\indexentry{field of rational functions|hyperpage}{163}
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+\indexentry{$n$-th cyclotomic polynomial|hyperpage}{164}
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 \indexentry{algebraic|hyperpage}{164}
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-\indexentry{Galois|hyperpage}{167}
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-\indexentry{transitive|hyperpage}{168}
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-\indexentry{abelian|hyperpage}{169}
-\indexentry{cyclic|hyperpage}{169}
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-\indexentry{Countable subadditivity|hyperpage}{172}
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-\indexentry{cdf|hyperpage}{175}
-\indexentry{càdlàg|hyperpage}{175}
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-\indexentry{pmf|hyperpage}{175}
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-\indexentry{success|hyperpage}{176}
-\indexentry{true|hyperpage}{176}
-\indexentry{failure|hyperpage}{176}
-\indexentry{false|hyperpage}{176}
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-\indexentry{negative binomial distribution|hyperpage}{177}
-\indexentry{absolutely continuous|hyperpage}{177}
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-\indexentry{pdf|hyperpage}{177}
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-\indexentry{continuous uniform distribution|hyperpage}{177}
-\indexentry{Exponential distribution|hyperpage}{177}
-\indexentry{exponential distribution|hyperpage}{177}
-\indexentry{Continuous memorylessness property|hyperpage}{177}
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+\indexentry{Continuity from above|hyperpage}{173}
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+\indexentry{pmf|hyperpage}{176}
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 \indexentry{memoryless|hyperpage}{177}
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-\indexentry{standard normal distribution|hyperpage}{177}
-\indexentry{Normal distribution|hyperpage}{177}
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-\indexentry{marginal probability density functions|hyperpage}{179}
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-\indexentry{integrable|hyperpage}{181}
-\indexentry{expectation|hyperpage}{181}
-\indexentry{not integrable|hyperpage}{181}
-\indexentry{Expectation|hyperpage}{182}
+\indexentry{Hypergeometric distribution|hyperpage}{177}
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+\indexentry{success|hyperpage}{177}
+\indexentry{true|hyperpage}{177}
+\indexentry{failure|hyperpage}{177}
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+\indexentry{negative binomial distribution|hyperpage}{178}
+\indexentry{absolutely continuous|hyperpage}{178}
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+\indexentry{pdf|hyperpage}{178}
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+\indexentry{continuous uniform distribution|hyperpage}{178}
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+\indexentry{memoryless|hyperpage}{178}
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+\indexentry{standard normal distribution|hyperpage}{178}
+\indexentry{Normal distribution|hyperpage}{178}
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+\indexentry{marginal probability density functions|hyperpage}{180}
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+\indexentry{multivariate normal distribution|hyperpage}{180}
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 \indexentry{finite expectation|hyperpage}{182}
 \indexentry{integrable|hyperpage}{182}
 \indexentry{expectation|hyperpage}{182}
-\indexentry{Comparison test|hyperpage}{182}
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-\indexentry{Dominated convergence theorem|hyperpage}{183}
-\indexentry{Fatou's lemma|hyperpage}{183}
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+\indexentry{Expectation|hyperpage}{183}
 \indexentry{finite expectation|hyperpage}{183}
+\indexentry{integrable|hyperpage}{183}
 \indexentry{expectation|hyperpage}{183}
-\indexentry{Moment|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{finite moment of order $k$|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{finite $k$-th moment|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Cauchy-Schwarz inequality|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Variance|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{variance|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Standard deviation|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{standard deviation|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{standard error|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Covariance|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{covariance|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{uncorrelated|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Pearson correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Pearson correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Markov's inequality|hyperpage}{184}
-\indexentry{Chebyshev's inequality|hyperpage}{185}
-\indexentry{Moment-generating function|hyperpage}{185}
-\indexentry{moment-generating function|hyperpage}{185}
-\indexentry{conditional expectation|hyperpage}{185}
-\indexentry{Law of total expectation|hyperpage}{185}
-\indexentry{conditional expectation|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Comparison test|hyperpage}{183}
+\indexentry{dyadic partition of order $n$|hyperpage}{183}
+\indexentry{Monotone convergence theorem|hyperpage}{184}
+\indexentry{Dominated convergence theorem|hyperpage}{184}
+\indexentry{Fatou's lemma|hyperpage}{184}
+\indexentry{finite expectation|hyperpage}{184}
+\indexentry{expectation|hyperpage}{184}
+\indexentry{Moment|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{finite moment of order $k$|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{finite $k$-th moment|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Cauchy-Schwarz inequality|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Variance|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{variance|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Standard deviation|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{standard deviation|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{standard error|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Covariance|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{covariance|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{uncorrelated|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Pearson correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Pearson correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Markov's inequality|hyperpage}{185}
+\indexentry{Chebyshev's inequality|hyperpage}{186}
+\indexentry{Moment-generating function|hyperpage}{186}
+\indexentry{moment-generating function|hyperpage}{186}
+\indexentry{conditional expectation|hyperpage}{186}
 \indexentry{Law of total expectation|hyperpage}{186}
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-\indexentry{metrizable|hyperpage}{186}
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-\indexentry{Cauchy in probability|hyperpage}{186}
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-\indexentry{limit inferior|hyperpage}{187}
-\indexentry{limit|hyperpage}{187}
-\indexentry{First Borel-Cantelli lemma|hyperpage}{187}
-\indexentry{Second Borel-Cantelli lemma|hyperpage}{187}
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-\indexentry{converges in distribution|hyperpage}{188}
-\indexentry{Skorokhod's representation theorem|hyperpage}{189}
-\indexentry{Slutsky's theorem|hyperpage}{189}
-\indexentry{Weak law|hyperpage}{189}
-\indexentry{Weak law|hyperpage}{189}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov's strong law|hyperpage}{189}
-\indexentry{Strong law|hyperpage}{189}
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-\indexentry{normal|hyperpage}{189}
-\indexentry{Borel's theorem|hyperpage}{189}
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-\indexentry{Lévy-Lindeberg central limit theorem|hyperpage}{190}
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-\indexentry{sample space|hyperpage}{192}
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-\indexentry{parametric|hyperpage}{192}
-\indexentry{Statistic|hyperpage}{192}
-\indexentry{statistic|hyperpage}{192}
-\indexentry{dimension|hyperpage}{192}
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+\indexentry{Law of total expectation|hyperpage}{187}
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+\indexentry{metrizable|hyperpage}{187}
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+\indexentry{limit superior|hyperpage}{188}
+\indexentry{limit inferior|hyperpage}{188}
+\indexentry{limit|hyperpage}{188}
+\indexentry{First Borel-Cantelli lemma|hyperpage}{188}
+\indexentry{Second Borel-Cantelli lemma|hyperpage}{189}
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+\indexentry{Cauchy in $p$-th mean|hyperpage}{189}
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+\indexentry{Skorokhod's representation theorem|hyperpage}{190}
+\indexentry{Slutsky's theorem|hyperpage}{190}
+\indexentry{Weak law|hyperpage}{190}
+\indexentry{Weak law|hyperpage}{190}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov's strong law|hyperpage}{191}
+\indexentry{Strong law|hyperpage}{191}
+\indexentry{simply normal|hyperpage}{191}
+\indexentry{normal|hyperpage}{191}
+\indexentry{Borel's theorem|hyperpage}{191}
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+\indexentry{Characteristic function|hyperpage}{191}
+\indexentry{characteristic function|hyperpage}{191}
+\indexentry{Lévy-Lindeberg central limit theorem|hyperpage}{192}
+\indexentry{Lyapunov central limit theorem|hyperpage}{192}
 \indexentry{sample mean|hyperpage}{192}
-\indexentry{sample variance|hyperpage}{192}
-\indexentry{corrected sample variance|hyperpage}{192}
-\indexentry{estimator|hyperpage}{192}
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-\indexentry{Likelihood|hyperpage}{194}
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-\indexentry{likelihood function|hyperpage}{194}
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-\indexentry{MLE|hyperpage}{194}
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-\indexentry{score function|hyperpage}{194}
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-\indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{194}
-\indexentry{observed information|hyperpage}{194}
-\indexentry{Fisher information|hyperpage}{194}
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+\indexentry{Continuity correction|hyperpage}{192}
+\indexentry{continuity correction|hyperpage}{192}
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+\indexentry{sample space|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{parameter space|hyperpage}{193}
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+\indexentry{simple random sample|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{realization|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{identifiable|hyperpage}{193}
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+\indexentry{Statistic|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{statistic|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{dimension|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{sample mean|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{sample variance|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{corrected sample variance|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{estimator|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{Bias|hyperpage}{193}
+\indexentry{bias|hyperpage}{193}
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+\indexentry{MVUE|hyperpage}{194}
+\indexentry{sufficient|hyperpage}{194}
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+\indexentry{Likelihood|hyperpage}{195}
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+\indexentry{likelihood function|hyperpage}{195}
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+\indexentry{MLE|hyperpage}{195}
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 \indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{195}
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-\indexentry{hypothesis|hyperpage}{198}
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-\indexentry{power|hyperpage}{198}
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+\indexentry{Quantile|hyperpage}{196}
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 \indexentry{significance level|hyperpage}{198}
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-\indexentry{Jeffrey's prior|hyperpage}{202}
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-\indexentry{Maximum metric|hyperpage}{204}
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-\indexentry{ball|hyperpage}{204}
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-\indexentry{topology|hyperpage}{204}
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-\indexentry{points|hyperpage}{204}
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-\indexentry{Particular point topology|hyperpage}{205}
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-\indexentry{closed|hyperpage}{205}
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-\indexentry{digital topology|hyperpage}{205}
-\indexentry{subbasis|hyperpage}{205}
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-\indexentry{interior|hyperpage}{205}
-\indexentry{Closure|hyperpage}{205}
-\indexentry{closure|hyperpage}{205}
-\indexentry{dense|hyperpage}{206}
-\indexentry{Boundary|hyperpage}{206}
-\indexentry{boundary|hyperpage}{206}
-\indexentry{neighbourhood|hyperpage}{206}
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-\indexentry{adherent point|hyperpage}{206}
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-\indexentry{separated|hyperpage}{206}
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-\indexentry{Continuous function|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{homeomorphism|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{homeomorphic|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{Open function|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{open|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{Closed function|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{closed|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{topological subspace|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{subspace topology|hyperpage}{207}
-\indexentry{Cantor set|hyperpage}{208}
-\indexentry{product topology|hyperpage}{208}
-\indexentry{box topology|hyperpage}{208}
-\indexentry{infinite product topology|hyperpage}{208}
-\indexentry{$n-1$-th sphere|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{$n$-th ball|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{Torus|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{torus|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{quotient topology|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{quotient map|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{quotient space|hyperpage}{209}
-\indexentry{quotient space of collapsing a set to a point|hyperpage}{210}
-\indexentry{action|hyperpage}{210}
-\indexentry{$(G,\cdot )$-space|hyperpage}{210}
-\indexentry{Möbius band|hyperpage}{210}
-\indexentry{Klein bottle|hyperpage}{210}
-\indexentry{$T_0$ space|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{$T_1$ space|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{Fréchet|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{$T_2$ space|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{Hausdorff|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{$T_{2\frac  {1}{2}}$ space|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{$T_3$ space|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{normal|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{$T_4$ space|hyperpage}{211}
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-\indexentry{metrizable|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{Urysohn's metrization theorem|hyperpage}{211}
-\indexentry{topological property|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{Cover|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{cover|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{finite|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{countable|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{open cover|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{cover|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{subcover|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{Compact space|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{compact|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{compactness|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{compact subset|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{Tychonoff's theorem|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{Axiom of choice|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{Kelley's theorem|hyperpage}{212}
-\indexentry{topological embedding|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{One-point compactification|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{one-point compactification|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{locally|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{locally compact|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{Heine-Borel theorem|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{Heine-Borel theorem|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{Weierstra\ss ' theorem|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{Connected space|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{connected|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{disconnected|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{connected subset|hyperpage}{213}
-\indexentry{totally disconnected|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{Intermediate value theorem|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{Bolzano's theorem|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{Brouwer's fixed-point theorem|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{Borsuk-Ulam theorem|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{connected components|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{locally connected|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{path|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{initial point|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{terminal point|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{path from $x$ to $y$|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{loop|hyperpage}{214}
-\indexentry{path-connected|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{pivot|hyperpage}{198}
+\indexentry{Interval for $\mu $ with $\sigma $ known|hyperpage}{198}
+\indexentry{Intervals for $\mu $ and $\sigma ^2$|hyperpage}{198}
+\indexentry{Independent samples with known variances|hyperpage}{198}
+\indexentry{Independent samples with unknown equal variances|hyperpage}{198}
+\indexentry{Independent samples with unknown variances|hyperpage}{198}
+\indexentry{Related samples with unknown variances|hyperpage}{199}
+\indexentry{hypothesis|hyperpage}{199}
+\indexentry{null hypothesis|hyperpage}{199}
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+\indexentry{simple|hyperpage}{199}
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+\indexentry{hypothesis test|hyperpage}{199}
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+\indexentry{error of type II|hyperpage}{199}
+\indexentry{power|hyperpage}{199}
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+\indexentry{one-sided left tail test|hyperpage}{199}
+\indexentry{two-sided test|hyperpage}{200}
+\indexentry{uniformly most powerful|hyperpage}{200}
+\indexentry{UMP|hyperpage}{200}
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+\indexentry{Neyman-Pearson test|hyperpage}{200}
+\indexentry{Neyman-Pearson lemma|hyperpage}{200}
+\indexentry{Likelihood-ratio test|hyperpage}{200}
+\indexentry{likelihood ratio test|hyperpage}{200}
+\indexentry{LRT|hyperpage}{200}
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+\indexentry{LRT test statistic|hyperpage}{200}
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+\indexentry{Test of homogenity|hyperpage}{201}
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+\indexentry{$t$-test|hyperpage}{201}
+\indexentry{$t$-test|hyperpage}{201}
+\indexentry{Wald test|hyperpage}{201}
+\indexentry{Wald test|hyperpage}{201}
+\indexentry{contrast matrix|hyperpage}{201}
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+\indexentry{score test|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{Non-parametric bootstrap|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{empirical distribution|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{bootstrap distribution|hyperpage}{202}
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+\indexentry{parametric bootstrap distribution|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{Normal confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{normal confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{Basic bootstrap confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{basic bootstrap confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{Bootstrap-t confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{bootstrap-t confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{Percentile confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{percentile confidence interval|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{prior distribution|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{prior|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{posterior distribution|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{posterior|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{conjugate|hyperpage}{202}
+\indexentry{Bayesian point estimates|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{posterior mean|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{posterior mode|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{posterior median|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{flat|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{improper|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{Jeffrey's prior|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{Jeffrey's prior|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{loss function|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{Quadratic loss function|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{Linear loss function|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{Zero-one loss function|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{Bayes estimate|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{credible region|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{credible interval|hyperpage}{203}
+\indexentry{highest posterior density|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{region|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{Q-Q plots|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{Quantile-Quantile plot|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{Q-Q plots|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{theoretical quantiles|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{sample quantiles|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{Normal Q-Q plots|hyperpage}{204}
+\indexentry{distance|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{metric|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{triangular inequality|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{metric space|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{Euclidean metric|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{Taxicab metric|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{Maximum metric|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{discrete metric|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{ball|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{open|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{Topological space|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{topology|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{topological space|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{points|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{open sets|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{finer|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{Topology induced from the metric|hyperpage}{205}
+\indexentry{Trivial topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Discrete topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Cofinite topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Cocountable topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Particular point topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Excluded point topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Sierpiński topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{closed|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{clopen|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{basis|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{topology generated|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{lower limit topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{digital topology|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{subbasis|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Interior|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{interior|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{Closure|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{closure|hyperpage}{206}
+\indexentry{dense|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{Boundary|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{boundary|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{neighbourhood|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{interior point|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{adherent point|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{Kuratowski's problem|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{separated|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{separated by closed neighbourhoods|hyperpage}{207}
+\indexentry{Continuous function|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{homeomorphism|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{homeomorphic|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{Open function|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{open|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{Closed function|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{closed|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{topological subspace|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{subspace topology|hyperpage}{208}
+\indexentry{Cantor set|hyperpage}{209}
+\indexentry{product topology|hyperpage}{209}
+\indexentry{box topology|hyperpage}{209}
+\indexentry{infinite product topology|hyperpage}{209}
+\indexentry{$n-1$-th sphere|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{$n$-th ball|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{Torus|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{torus|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{quotient topology|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{quotient map|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{quotient space|hyperpage}{210}
+\indexentry{quotient space of collapsing a set to a point|hyperpage}{211}
+\indexentry{action|hyperpage}{211}
+\indexentry{$(G,\cdot )$-space|hyperpage}{211}
+\indexentry{Möbius band|hyperpage}{211}
+\indexentry{Klein bottle|hyperpage}{211}
+\indexentry{$T_0$ space|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{$T_1$ space|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{Fréchet|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{$T_2$ space|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{Hausdorff|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{$T_{2\frac  {1}{2}}$ space|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{$T_3$ space|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{normal|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{$T_4$ space|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{Urysohn's lemma|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{Tietze extension theorem|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{metrizable|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{Urysohn's metrization theorem|hyperpage}{212}
+\indexentry{topological property|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{Cover|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{cover|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{finite|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{countable|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{open cover|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{cover|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{subcover|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{Compact space|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{compact|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{compactness|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{compact subset|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{Tychonoff's theorem|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{Axiom of choice|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{Kelley's theorem|hyperpage}{213}
+\indexentry{topological embedding|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{One-point compactification|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{one-point compactification|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{locally|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{locally compact|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{Heine-Borel theorem|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{Heine-Borel theorem|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{Weierstra\ss ' theorem|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{Connected space|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{connected|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{disconnected|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{connected subset|hyperpage}{214}
+\indexentry{totally disconnected|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{Intermediate value theorem|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{Bolzano's theorem|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{Brouwer's fixed-point theorem|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{Borsuk-Ulam theorem|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{connected components|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{locally connected|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{path|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{initial point|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{terminal point|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{path from $x$ to $y$|hyperpage}{215}
+\indexentry{loop|hyperpage}{215}
 \indexentry{path-connected|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{path-connected components|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{locally path-connected|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{simply connected|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{Topological manifold|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{topological manifold|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{coordinate chart|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{atlas|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{transition functions|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{piecewise linear manifold|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{differentiable manifold|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{holes|hyperpage}{215}
-\indexentry{Connected sum|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{connected sum|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{same orientation|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{opposite orientations|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{orientation|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{oriented vector space|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{unoriented vector space|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{not orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{not orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{orientable|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{Classification of connected 1-manifolds|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{surface|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{Connected sum of surfaces|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{genus $g$ orientable surface|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{genus $h$ non-orientable surface|hyperpage}{216}
-\indexentry{standard $n$-simplex|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{triangularization|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{simple curve|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{Jordan curve theorem|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{Radó theorem|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{fundamental polygon of the surface|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{normalized|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{Euler characteristic|hyperpage}{217}
-\indexentry{Classification of compact connected surfaces|hyperpage}{218}
-\indexentry{equilibrium point|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{fixed point|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{periodic orbit of period $T$|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{symmetric with respect to the $x$-axis|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{symmetric with respect to the $y$-axis|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{holomorphic differential equation|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{linearization|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{minimal|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov system|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{homogeneous of degree $k$|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{homogeneous of degree $k$|hyperpage}{220}
-\indexentry{discrete map of order $m$|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{Characteristic equation|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{linear discrete map|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{Hartman-Grobman theorem|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{The stable manifold theorem|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{stable manifold|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{unstable manifold|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{global stable manifold|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{global unstable manifold|hyperpage}{221}
-\indexentry{The center manifold theorem|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{central manifolds|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{local bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{normal form|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{codimension|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{Saddle-node bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{saddle-node bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{Transcritical bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{transcritical bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{Pitchfork bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{pitchfork bifurcation|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{Lyapunov's theorem|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{Lyapunov's theorem|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{Semi-hyperbolic singular points classification theorem|hyperpage}{222}
-\indexentry{saddle-node|hyperpage}{223}
-\indexentry{nilpotent|hyperpage}{223}
-\indexentry{Nilpotent singular points classification theorem|hyperpage}{223}
-\indexentry{cusp|hyperpage}{223}
-\indexentry{Blow-up in polar coordinates|hyperpage}{224}
-\indexentry{blowing-up|hyperpage}{224}
-\indexentry{blow-down|hyperpage}{224}
-\indexentry{Blow-up in generalized polar coordinates|hyperpage}{224}
-\indexentry{Blow-up in cartesian coordinates|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Lyapunov's method|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{$n$-th Lyapunov constant|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Hopf bifurcation theorem|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Hopf-bifurcation|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Poincaré's method|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Bautin's theorem|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Homoclinic bifurcation|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{homoclinic bifurcation|hyperpage}{225}
-\indexentry{Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{one-parameter family of rotated vector fields|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{positively rotated|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{negatively rotated|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{Melnikov's method|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{Melnikov's method|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{graph|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{non-degenerated|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{linear saddles|hyperpage}{226}
-\indexentry{Liénard system|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{Liénard's theorem|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{Van der Pol oscillator|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{Lorenz system|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{periodic point|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{prime period|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{set of periodic points|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{set of periods|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{logistic map|hyperpage}{227}
-\indexentry{Period-doubling bifurcation|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{period-doubling bifurcation|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{period-halving bifurcation|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{period-doubling cascade|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Sharkovskii's order|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Expansive fixed point theorem|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Itinerary lemma|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Sharkovskii's theorem|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Period three theorem|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Proximity theorem|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{Shift map|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{shift map|hyperpage}{228}
-\indexentry{itinerary|hyperpage}{229}
-\indexentry{topologically transitive|hyperpage}{229}
-\indexentry{sensitive dependence on initial conditions|hyperpage}{229}
-\indexentry{Chaos|hyperpage}{229}
-\indexentry{chaotic|hyperpage}{229}
-\indexentry{Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{230}
-\indexentry{Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{230}
-\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{230}
-\indexentry{inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{230}
-\indexentry{Fourier transform operator|hyperpage}{231}
-\indexentry{Riemann-Lebesgue lemma|hyperpage}{231}
-\indexentry{Inversion theorem|hyperpage}{232}
-\indexentry{partial inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{232}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet kernel|hyperpage}{232}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet kernel|hyperpage}{232}
-\indexentry{Dini's theorem|hyperpage}{233}
-\indexentry{Fejér mean|hyperpage}{233}
-\indexentry{Fejér kernel|hyperpage}{233}
-\indexentry{Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{233}
-\indexentry{Weierstra\ss \ kernel|hyperpage}{233}
-\indexentry{approximations of the identity|hyperpage}{234}
-\indexentry{Minkowski's integral inequality|hyperpage}{234}
-\indexentry{Plancherel theorem|hyperpage}{235}
-\indexentry{Generalized Hölder's inequality|hyperpage}{235}
-\indexentry{Young's convolution inequality|hyperpage}{236}
-\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{236}
-\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{236}
-\indexentry{inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{236}
-\indexentry{Riemann-Lebesgue lemma|hyperpage}{237}
-\indexentry{Plancherel theorem|hyperpage}{237}
-\indexentry{Uncertainty principle|hyperpage}{237}
-\indexentry{Uncertainty principle in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{237}
-\indexentry{Poisson summation formula|hyperpage}{237}
-\indexentry{bandlimited|hyperpage}{238}
-\indexentry{Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem|hyperpage}{238}
-\indexentry{discrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{238}
-\indexentry{DFT|hyperpage}{238}
-\indexentry{inverse discrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{238}
+\indexentry{path-connected|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{path-connected components|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{locally path-connected|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{simply connected|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{Topological manifold|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{topological manifold|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{coordinate chart|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{atlas|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{transition functions|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{piecewise linear manifold|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{differentiable manifold|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{holes|hyperpage}{216}
+\indexentry{Connected sum|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{connected sum|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{same orientation|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{opposite orientations|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{orientation|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{oriented vector space|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{unoriented vector space|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{not orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{not orientation-preserving|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{orientable|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{Classification of connected 1-manifolds|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{surface|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{Connected sum of surfaces|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{genus $g$ orientable surface|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{genus $h$ non-orientable surface|hyperpage}{217}
+\indexentry{standard $n$-simplex|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{triangularization|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{simple curve|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{Jordan curve theorem|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{Radó theorem|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{fundamental polygon of the surface|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{normalized|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{Euler characteristic|hyperpage}{218}
+\indexentry{Classification of compact connected surfaces|hyperpage}{219}
+\indexentry{equilibrium point|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{fixed point|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{periodic orbit of period $T$|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{symmetric with respect to the $x$-axis|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{symmetric with respect to the $y$-axis|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{holomorphic differential equation|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{linearization|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{minimal|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov system|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{homogeneous of degree $k$|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{homogeneous of degree $k$|hyperpage}{221}
+\indexentry{discrete map of order $m$|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{Characteristic equation|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{linear discrete map|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{Hartman-Grobman theorem|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{The stable manifold theorem|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{stable manifold|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{unstable manifold|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{global stable manifold|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{global unstable manifold|hyperpage}{222}
+\indexentry{The center manifold theorem|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{central manifolds|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{local bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{normal form|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{codimension|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{Saddle-node bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{saddle-node bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{Transcritical bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{transcritical bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{Pitchfork bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{pitchfork bifurcation|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{Lyapunov's theorem|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{Lyapunov's theorem|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{Semi-hyperbolic singular points classification theorem|hyperpage}{223}
+\indexentry{saddle-node|hyperpage}{224}
+\indexentry{nilpotent|hyperpage}{224}
+\indexentry{Nilpotent singular points classification theorem|hyperpage}{224}
+\indexentry{cusp|hyperpage}{224}
+\indexentry{Blow-up in polar coordinates|hyperpage}{225}
+\indexentry{blowing-up|hyperpage}{225}
+\indexentry{blow-down|hyperpage}{225}
+\indexentry{Blow-up in generalized polar coordinates|hyperpage}{225}
+\indexentry{Blow-up in cartesian coordinates|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Lyapunov's method|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{$n$-th Lyapunov constant|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Hopf bifurcation theorem|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Hopf-bifurcation|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Poincaré's method|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Bautin's theorem|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Homoclinic bifurcation|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{homoclinic bifurcation|hyperpage}{226}
+\indexentry{Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{one-parameter family of rotated vector fields|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{positively rotated|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{negatively rotated|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{Melnikov's method|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{Melnikov's method|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{graph|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{non-degenerated|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{linear saddles|hyperpage}{227}
+\indexentry{Liénard system|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{Liénard's theorem|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{Van der Pol oscillator|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{Lorenz system|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{periodic point|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{prime period|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{set of periodic points|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{set of periods|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{logistic map|hyperpage}{228}
+\indexentry{Period-doubling bifurcation|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{period-doubling bifurcation|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{period-halving bifurcation|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{period-doubling cascade|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Sharkovskii's order|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Expansive fixed point theorem|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Itinerary lemma|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Sharkovskii's theorem|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Period three theorem|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Proximity theorem|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{Shift map|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{shift map|hyperpage}{229}
+\indexentry{itinerary|hyperpage}{230}
+\indexentry{topologically transitive|hyperpage}{230}
+\indexentry{sensitive dependence on initial conditions|hyperpage}{230}
+\indexentry{Chaos|hyperpage}{230}
+\indexentry{chaotic|hyperpage}{230}
+\indexentry{Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{231}
+\indexentry{Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{231}
+\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{231}
+\indexentry{inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{231}
+\indexentry{Fourier transform operator|hyperpage}{232}
+\indexentry{Riemann-Lebesgue lemma|hyperpage}{232}
+\indexentry{Inversion theorem|hyperpage}{233}
+\indexentry{partial inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{233}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet kernel|hyperpage}{233}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet kernel|hyperpage}{233}
+\indexentry{Dini's theorem|hyperpage}{234}
+\indexentry{Fejér mean|hyperpage}{234}
+\indexentry{Fejér kernel|hyperpage}{234}
+\indexentry{Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{234}
+\indexentry{Weierstra\ss \ kernel|hyperpage}{234}
+\indexentry{approximations of the identity|hyperpage}{235}
+\indexentry{Minkowski's integral inequality|hyperpage}{235}
+\indexentry{Plancherel theorem|hyperpage}{236}
+\indexentry{Jensen's inequality|hyperpage}{236}
+\indexentry{Generalized Hölder's inequality|hyperpage}{237}
+\indexentry{Young's convolution inequality|hyperpage}{237}
+\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{237}
+\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{237}
+\indexentry{inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{237}
+\indexentry{Riemann-Lebesgue lemma|hyperpage}{238}
 \indexentry{Plancherel theorem|hyperpage}{238}
-\indexentry{convolution|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{Poisson summation formula|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{fast Fourier transform|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{FFT|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{Radix-2 DIT Cooley-Tukey FFT algorithm|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{radix-2 decimation-in-time (DIT) FFT|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{bump functions|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{test functions|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{Distribution|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{distribution|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations|hyperpage}{239}
-\indexentry{regular distributions|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{Dirac's $\delta $ distribution|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{Dirac's $\delta $ distribution|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{Cauchy principal value|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{Cauchy principal value|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{distribution of order $N\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {N}}\cup \{0\}$|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{infinite order|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{approximation of identity|hyperpage}{240}
-\indexentry{support|hyperpage}{241}
-\indexentry{distributional derivative|hyperpage}{241}
-\indexentry{Heaviside step function|hyperpage}{241}
-\indexentry{Schwarz theorem|hyperpage}{241}
-\indexentry{Leibnitz rule|hyperpage}{241}
-\indexentry{Schwartz space|hyperpage}{242}
-\indexentry{space of rapidly decreasing functions|hyperpage}{242}
-\indexentry{tempered distribution|hyperpage}{242}
-\indexentry{convolution|hyperpage}{243}
-\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{243}
-\indexentry{inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{243}
-\indexentry{direct product|hyperpage}{243}
-\indexentry{Homogeneous distribution|hyperpage}{244}
-\indexentry{homogeneous of degree $r\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$|hyperpage}{244}
-\indexentry{differential operator over distributions|hyperpage}{244}
-\indexentry{generalized solution|hyperpage}{244}
-\indexentry{fundamental solution|hyperpage}{244}
-\indexentry{fundamental solution|hyperpage}{244}
-\indexentry{Malgrange-Ehrenpreis theorem|hyperpage}{246}
-\indexentry{truncated Hilbert transform|hyperpage}{246}
-\indexentry{Hilbert transform|hyperpage}{246}
-\indexentry{Hölder condition|hyperpage}{246}
-\indexentry{Riesz theorem|hyperpage}{246}
-\indexentry{conjugate Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{247}
-\indexentry{Riesz transform|hyperpage}{247}
-\indexentry{Sample variance and covariance|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{sample covariance|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{sample variance|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{sample correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{expectation|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{covariance matrix|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{covariance|hyperpage}{248}
-\indexentry{Simple model|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{preditions|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{Least-squares method|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{least-squares method|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{residuals|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{General linear model|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{design matrix|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{regressor coefficients|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{regression coefficients|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{preditions|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{Least-squares method|hyperpage}{249}
-\indexentry{MLE method|hyperpage}{250}
-\indexentry{mean square error|hyperpage}{250}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss -Markov|hyperpage}{250}
-\indexentry{BLUE|hyperpage}{250}
-\indexentry{the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator|hyperpage}{250}
-\indexentry{no-intercept|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{coefficient of determination|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{regression sum of squares|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{total sum of squares|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{error sum of squares|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{adjusted coefficient of determination|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{total mean of squares|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{$F$-distribution with degrees of freedom $d_1$ and $d_2$|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{Cochran's theorem|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{Bonferroni's method|hyperpage}{251}
-\indexentry{Model without interaction|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{dummy variable|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{Model with interaction|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{model with interaction|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{Segmented regression|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{response|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{prediction|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{average response|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{estimated average response|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{estimation of the prediction|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{Confidence interval for the average response|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{leverage|hyperpage}{252}
-\indexentry{confidence band|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{Confidence interval for the predicted value|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{prediction band|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{LOF test|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{lack of fit test|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{LOF test|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{internally studentized residuals|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{externally studentized residuals|hyperpage}{253}
-\indexentry{high-leverage points|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{outliars|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{high-leverage point|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{Cook's distance|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{multicollinearity|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{variance inflation factor|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{VIF|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{tolerance|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{Bias on the estimations|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{Bias on the predictions|hyperpage}{254}
-\indexentry{Mallow's $C_p$ statistic|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{Mallow's $C_p$ statistic|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{Information|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{information of an event|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{Cauchy's functional equation|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{Entropy|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{entropy|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{Kullback-Leibler divergence|hyperpage}{255}
-\indexentry{Akaike information criterion|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{Akaike information criterion|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{AIC|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{Box-Cox transformation|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{exponential|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{odds|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{log-odds|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{logit|hyperpage}{256}
-\indexentry{well-posed in the Hadamard sense|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{well-posed|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{step size|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{mesh-points|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{explicit|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{implicit|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{one-step method|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{incremental function|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{local truncation errors|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{global truncation error|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{Euler method|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{forward Euler method|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{explicit Euler method|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{backward Euler method|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{implicit Euler method|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{implicit|hyperpage}{257}
-\indexentry{Trapezoidal method|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{Trapezoidal method|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{Heun method|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{Heun method|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{Taylor method|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{Taylor method of order $r$|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{consistent|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{order of consistency|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{order of accuracy|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{order|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{convergent|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{order of convergence|hyperpage}{258}
-\indexentry{$s$-stage Runge-Kutta methods|hyperpage}{259}
-\indexentry{RK methods|hyperpage}{259}
-\indexentry{Butcher tableau|hyperpage}{259}
-\indexentry{Richardson extrapolation|hyperpage}{259}
-\indexentry{Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method|hyperpage}{259}
-\indexentry{embedded methods|hyperpage}{259}
-\indexentry{stability function|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{absolutely stable|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{stability region|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{A-stable|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{unconditionally absolutely stable|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{conditionally absolutely stable|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{stiff equations|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{Lax theorem|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{test problem|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{Linear multistep method|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{linear $k$-step method|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{first and second characteristic polynomials|hyperpage}{260}
-\indexentry{zero-stable|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{root condition|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Adams method|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Adams method|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Adams-Bashforth method|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Adams-Moulton method|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{local truncation error|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{consistent|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{order of consistency|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{order of accuracy|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Dahlquist's theorem|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Newton method|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{Newton method|hyperpage}{261}
-\indexentry{quasi-Newton method|hyperpage}{262}
-\indexentry{damping parameter|hyperpage}{262}
-\indexentry{Broyden's method|hyperpage}{262}
-\indexentry{Broyden's method|hyperpage}{262}
-\indexentry{secant-like method|hyperpage}{262}
-\indexentry{Descent method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{descent method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{step size|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{descent direction|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Newton method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Inexact Newton method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Steepest descent|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Gradient descent|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Conjugate gradient method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{line search method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{BFGS method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Shooting method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{shooting method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{Multiple shooting method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{multiple shooting method|hyperpage}{263}
-\indexentry{finite difference method|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{Singular value|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{singular values|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{Singular value decomposition|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{singular value decomposition|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{SVD|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{left singular vectors|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{right singular vectors|hyperpage}{264}
-\indexentry{truncated|hyperpage}{265}
-\indexentry{truncated singular value decomposition|hyperpage}{265}
-\indexentry{TSVD|hyperpage}{265}
-\indexentry{QR descompostion|hyperpage}{266}
-\indexentry{QR decomposition|hyperpage}{266}
-\indexentry{thin QR decomposition|hyperpage}{266}
-\indexentry{full QR decomposition|hyperpage}{266}
-\indexentry{hyperbolic|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{grid|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{finite difference scheme|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{number of steps|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{one-step|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{multistep|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{Forward-time forward-space|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{FTFS|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{Forward-time backward-space|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{FTBS|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{Forward-time central-space|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{FTCS|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{Backward-time central-space|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{BTCS|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{Leapfrog scheme|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{Lax-Friedrichs scheme|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{stability region|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{unconditionally convergent|hyperpage}{267}
-\indexentry{conditionally convergent|hyperpage}{268}
-\indexentry{consistent|hyperpage}{268}
-\indexentry{conditional consistency|hyperpage}{268}
-\indexentry{upwind condition|hyperpage}{268}
-\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{268}
-\indexentry{Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition|hyperpage}{269}
-\indexentry{Semidiscrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{269}
-\indexentry{semidiscrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{269}
-\indexentry{inverse semidiscrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{269}
-\indexentry{Semidiscrete Parseval identity|hyperpage}{269}
-\indexentry{amplification factor|hyperpage}{269}
-\indexentry{Lax-Wendroff|hyperpage}{270}
-\indexentry{Lax-Wendroff scheme|hyperpage}{270}
-\indexentry{Crank-Nicolson|hyperpage}{271}
-\indexentry{Crank-Nicolson scheme|hyperpage}{271}
-\indexentry{numerical boundary condition|hyperpage}{271}
-\indexentry{Lax-Richtmyer equivalence theorem|hyperpage}{272}
-\indexentry{amplification polynomial|hyperpage}{272}
-\indexentry{compatibility condition|hyperpage}{272}
-\indexentry{elliptic|hyperpage}{272}
-\indexentry{hyperbolic|hyperpage}{272}
-\indexentry{parabolic|hyperpage}{272}
-\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Forward-time central-space|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Backward-time central-space|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Crank-Nicolson scheme|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Leapfrog scheme|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Du-Fort-Frankel scheme|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Neumann|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Robin|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{discrete laplacian|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Discrete maximum principle|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{Discrete minimum principle|hyperpage}{273}
-\indexentry{finite element method|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{variational formulation|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{weak formulation|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{Galerkin approximation|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{Galerkin approximation|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{Mesh|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{mesh|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{cells|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{finite element method|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{FEM|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{nodes|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{nodes|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{nodal basis|hyperpage}{274}
-\indexentry{stiffness matrix|hyperpage}{275}
-\indexentry{load vector|hyperpage}{275}
-\indexentry{Wave equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{hyperbolic equations|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Navier-Cauchy equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Lamé coefficients|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{elastodynamics|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{material derivative operator|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{incompressible flow|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Continuous equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{continuous equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Cauchy momentum equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Cauchy momentum equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Inviscid flow|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Viscid flow|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{potential|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Poisson equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{elliptic equation|hyperpage}{276}
-\indexentry{Fick's law of diffusion|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{diffusivity|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{diffusion coefficient|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{diffusion flux|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Fick's law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Diffusion equation|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Fourier's law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{thermal conductivity|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{heat flux|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Fourier's law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Heat equation|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{specific heat capacity|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{density|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{thermal diffusivity|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law for magnetism|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law for magnetism|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Maxwell-Faraday equation|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Maxwell-Faraday equation|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Ampère-Maxwell circuital law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Ampère's law|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{displacement current|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{refractive index|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Fermat's principle|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Fermat's principle|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Eikonal equation|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{action|hyperpage}{277}
-\indexentry{Principle of least action|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{small change|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Hamilton-Jacobi equation|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Schrödinger equation|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Schrödinger equation|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{wave function|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Green identities|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Method of characteristics|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{characteristic curves|hyperpage}{278}
-\indexentry{Traffic flow equation|hyperpage}{279}
-\indexentry{Rankine-Hugoniot equation|hyperpage}{279}
-\indexentry{Entropy condition|hyperpage}{279}
-\indexentry{D'Alembert formula|hyperpage}{280}
-\indexentry{Conservation of energy|hyperpage}{281}
-\indexentry{even periodic extension|hyperpage}{282}
-\indexentry{odd periodic extension|hyperpage}{282}
-\indexentry{Separation of variables|hyperpage}{282}
-\indexentry{separation of variables|hyperpage}{282}
-\indexentry{Sturm-Picone comparison theorem|hyperpage}{282}
-\indexentry{self-similar|hyperpage}{283}
-\indexentry{Distribution|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{distribution|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{Dirac's $\delta $ distribution|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{differentiation operator|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{distributional derivative|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{Heaviside step function|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{fundamental solution|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{heat kernel|hyperpage}{284}
-\indexentry{generalized heat kernel|hyperpage}{285}
-\indexentry{Explicit scheme in finite differences|hyperpage}{285}
-\indexentry{Implicit scheme in finite differences|hyperpage}{285}
-\indexentry{Duhamel principle|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{parabolic cylinder|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{parabolic boundary|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{Maximum principle|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{Minimum principle|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{Uniqueness of the heat equation|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{Maximum principle on unbounded domains|hyperpage}{286}
-\indexentry{Minimum principle on unbounded domains|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Uniqueness of the heat equation on the unbounded domains|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Laplace equation|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Laplace equation|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet problem in the disc|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet problem|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet problem|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Uniqueness of Dirichlet problem|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{energy functional|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Dirichlet's principle|hyperpage}{287}
-\indexentry{Sobolev space|hyperpage}{288}
-\indexentry{average|hyperpage}{288}
-\indexentry{Trace theorem|hyperpage}{288}
-\indexentry{trace|hyperpage}{288}
-\indexentry{Poincaré inequality|hyperpage}{288}
-\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{Measure|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{measure|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{$\sigma $-additivity|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{interval|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{volume|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{$m$-th dyadic cube|hyperpage}{290}
-\indexentry{Outer measure|hyperpage}{291}
-\indexentry{outer measure|hyperpage}{291}
-\indexentry{null set|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{almost everywhere|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{a.e.|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{Lebesgue measure|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{Lebesgue measurable|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{measurable|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{Lebesgue measure|hyperpage}{292}
-\indexentry{real function|hyperpage}{293}
-\indexentry{finite|hyperpage}{293}
+\indexentry{Uncertainty principle|hyperpage}{238}
+\indexentry{Uncertainty principle in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{238}
+\indexentry{Poisson summation formula|hyperpage}{238}
+\indexentry{bandlimited|hyperpage}{239}
+\indexentry{Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem|hyperpage}{239}
+\indexentry{discrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{239}
+\indexentry{DFT|hyperpage}{239}
+\indexentry{inverse discrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{239}
+\indexentry{Plancherel theorem|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{convolution|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{Poisson summation formula|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{fast Fourier transform|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{FFT|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{Radix-2 DIT Cooley-Tukey FFT algorithm|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{radix-2 decimation-in-time (DIT) FFT|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{bump functions|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{test functions|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{Distribution|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{distribution|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations|hyperpage}{240}
+\indexentry{regular distributions|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{Dirac's $\delta $ distribution|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{Dirac's $\delta $ distribution|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{Cauchy principal value|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{Cauchy principal value|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{distribution of order $N\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {N}}\cup \{0\}$|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{infinite order|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{approximation of identity|hyperpage}{241}
+\indexentry{support|hyperpage}{242}
+\indexentry{distributional derivative|hyperpage}{242}
+\indexentry{Heaviside step function|hyperpage}{242}
+\indexentry{Schwarz theorem|hyperpage}{243}
+\indexentry{Leibnitz rule|hyperpage}{243}
+\indexentry{Schwartz space|hyperpage}{243}
+\indexentry{space of rapidly decreasing functions|hyperpage}{243}
+\indexentry{tempered distribution|hyperpage}{244}
+\indexentry{convolution|hyperpage}{244}
+\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{244}
+\indexentry{inverse Fourier transform|hyperpage}{244}
+\indexentry{direct product|hyperpage}{245}
+\indexentry{Homogeneous distribution|hyperpage}{245}
+\indexentry{homogeneous of degree $r\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$|hyperpage}{245}
+\indexentry{differential operator over distributions|hyperpage}{245}
+\indexentry{generalized solution|hyperpage}{245}
+\indexentry{fundamental solution|hyperpage}{245}
+\indexentry{fundamental solution|hyperpage}{246}
+\indexentry{Malgrange-Ehrenpreis theorem|hyperpage}{247}
+\indexentry{truncated Hilbert transform|hyperpage}{247}
+\indexentry{Hilbert transform|hyperpage}{247}
+\indexentry{Hölder condition|hyperpage}{247}
+\indexentry{Riesz theorem|hyperpage}{248}
+\indexentry{conjugate Poisson kernel|hyperpage}{248}
+\indexentry{Riesz transform|hyperpage}{248}
+\indexentry{Sample variance and covariance|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{sample covariance|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{sample variance|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{sample correlation coefficient|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{expectation|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{covariance matrix|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{covariance|hyperpage}{249}
+\indexentry{Simple model|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{preditions|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{Least-squares method|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{least-squares method|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{residuals|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{General linear model|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{design matrix|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{regressor coefficients|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{regression coefficients|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{preditions|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{Least-squares method|hyperpage}{250}
+\indexentry{MLE method|hyperpage}{251}
+\indexentry{mean square error|hyperpage}{251}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss -Markov|hyperpage}{251}
+\indexentry{BLUE|hyperpage}{251}
+\indexentry{the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator|hyperpage}{251}
+\indexentry{no-intercept|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{coefficient of determination|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{regression sum of squares|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{total sum of squares|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{error sum of squares|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{adjusted coefficient of determination|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{total mean of squares|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{$F$-distribution with degrees of freedom $d_1$ and $d_2$|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{Cochran's theorem|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{Bonferroni's method|hyperpage}{252}
+\indexentry{Model without interaction|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{dummy variable|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{Model with interaction|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{model with interaction|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{Segmented regression|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{response|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{prediction|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{average response|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{estimated average response|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{estimation of the prediction|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{Confidence interval for the average response|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{leverage|hyperpage}{253}
+\indexentry{confidence band|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{Confidence interval for the predicted value|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{prediction band|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{LOF test|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{lack of fit test|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{LOF test|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{internally studentized residuals|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{externally studentized residuals|hyperpage}{254}
+\indexentry{high-leverage points|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{outliars|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{high-leverage point|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{Cook's distance|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{multicollinearity|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{variance inflation factor|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{VIF|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{tolerance|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{Bias on the estimations|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{Bias on the predictions|hyperpage}{255}
+\indexentry{Mallow's $C_p$ statistic|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{Mallow's $C_p$ statistic|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{Information|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{information of an event|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{Cauchy's functional equation|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{Entropy|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{entropy|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{Kullback-Leibler divergence|hyperpage}{256}
+\indexentry{Akaike information criterion|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{Akaike information criterion|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{AIC|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{Box-Cox transformation|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{exponential|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{odds|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{log-odds|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{logit|hyperpage}{257}
+\indexentry{well-posed in the Hadamard sense|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{well-posed|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{step size|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{mesh-points|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{explicit|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{implicit|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{one-step method|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{incremental function|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{local truncation errors|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{global truncation error|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{Euler method|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{forward Euler method|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{explicit Euler method|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{backward Euler method|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{implicit Euler method|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{implicit|hyperpage}{258}
+\indexentry{Trapezoidal method|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{Trapezoidal method|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{Heun method|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{Heun method|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{Taylor method|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{Taylor method of order $r$|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{consistent|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{order of consistency|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{order of accuracy|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{order|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{convergent|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{order of convergence|hyperpage}{259}
+\indexentry{$s$-stage Runge-Kutta methods|hyperpage}{260}
+\indexentry{RK methods|hyperpage}{260}
+\indexentry{Butcher tableau|hyperpage}{260}
+\indexentry{Richardson extrapolation|hyperpage}{260}
+\indexentry{Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method|hyperpage}{260}
+\indexentry{embedded methods|hyperpage}{260}
+\indexentry{stability function|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{absolutely stable|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{stability region|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{A-stable|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{unconditionally absolutely stable|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{conditionally absolutely stable|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{stiff equations|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{Lax theorem|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{test problem|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{Linear multistep method|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{linear $k$-step method|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{first and second characteristic polynomials|hyperpage}{261}
+\indexentry{zero-stable|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{root condition|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Adams method|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Adams method|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Adams-Bashforth method|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Adams-Moulton method|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{local truncation error|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{consistent|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{order of consistency|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{order of accuracy|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Dahlquist's theorem|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Newton method|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{Newton method|hyperpage}{262}
+\indexentry{quasi-Newton method|hyperpage}{263}
+\indexentry{damping parameter|hyperpage}{263}
+\indexentry{Broyden's method|hyperpage}{263}
+\indexentry{Broyden's method|hyperpage}{263}
+\indexentry{secant-like method|hyperpage}{263}
+\indexentry{Descent method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{descent method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{step size|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{descent direction|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Newton method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Inexact Newton method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Steepest descent|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Gradient descent|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Conjugate gradient method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{line search method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{BFGS method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Shooting method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{shooting method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{Multiple shooting method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{multiple shooting method|hyperpage}{264}
+\indexentry{finite difference method|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{Singular value|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{singular values|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{Singular value decomposition|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{singular value decomposition|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{SVD|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{left singular vectors|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{right singular vectors|hyperpage}{265}
+\indexentry{truncated|hyperpage}{266}
+\indexentry{truncated singular value decomposition|hyperpage}{266}
+\indexentry{TSVD|hyperpage}{266}
+\indexentry{QR descompostion|hyperpage}{267}
+\indexentry{QR decomposition|hyperpage}{267}
+\indexentry{thin QR decomposition|hyperpage}{267}
+\indexentry{full QR decomposition|hyperpage}{267}
+\indexentry{hyperbolic|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{grid|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{finite difference scheme|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{number of steps|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{one-step|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{multistep|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{Forward-time forward-space|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{FTFS|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{Forward-time backward-space|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{FTBS|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{Forward-time central-space|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{FTCS|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{Backward-time central-space|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{BTCS|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{Leapfrog scheme|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{Lax-Friedrichs scheme|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{stability region|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{unconditionally convergent|hyperpage}{268}
+\indexentry{conditionally convergent|hyperpage}{269}
+\indexentry{consistent|hyperpage}{269}
+\indexentry{conditional consistency|hyperpage}{269}
+\indexentry{upwind condition|hyperpage}{269}
+\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{269}
+\indexentry{Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition|hyperpage}{270}
+\indexentry{Semidiscrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{270}
+\indexentry{semidiscrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{270}
+\indexentry{inverse semidiscrete Fourier transform|hyperpage}{270}
+\indexentry{Semidiscrete Parseval identity|hyperpage}{270}
+\indexentry{amplification factor|hyperpage}{270}
+\indexentry{Lax-Wendroff|hyperpage}{271}
+\indexentry{Lax-Wendroff scheme|hyperpage}{271}
+\indexentry{Crank-Nicolson|hyperpage}{272}
+\indexentry{Crank-Nicolson scheme|hyperpage}{272}
+\indexentry{numerical boundary condition|hyperpage}{272}
+\indexentry{Lax-Richtmyer equivalence theorem|hyperpage}{273}
+\indexentry{amplification polynomial|hyperpage}{273}
+\indexentry{compatibility condition|hyperpage}{273}
+\indexentry{elliptic|hyperpage}{273}
+\indexentry{hyperbolic|hyperpage}{273}
+\indexentry{parabolic|hyperpage}{273}
+\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Forward-time central-space|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Backward-time central-space|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Crank-Nicolson scheme|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Leapfrog scheme|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Du-Fort-Frankel scheme|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Neumann|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Robin|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{discrete laplacian|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Discrete maximum principle|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{Discrete minimum principle|hyperpage}{274}
+\indexentry{finite element method|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{variational formulation|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{weak formulation|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{Galerkin approximation|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{Galerkin approximation|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{Mesh|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{mesh|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{cells|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{finite element method|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{FEM|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{nodes|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{nodes|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{nodal basis|hyperpage}{275}
+\indexentry{stiffness matrix|hyperpage}{276}
+\indexentry{load vector|hyperpage}{276}
+\indexentry{Wave equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{hyperbolic equations|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Navier-Cauchy equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Lamé coefficients|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{elastodynamics|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{material derivative operator|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{incompressible flow|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Continuous equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{continuous equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Cauchy momentum equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Cauchy momentum equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Inviscid flow|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Viscid flow|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{potential|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Poisson equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{elliptic equation|hyperpage}{277}
+\indexentry{Fick's law of diffusion|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{diffusivity|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{diffusion coefficient|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{diffusion flux|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Fick's law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Diffusion equation|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Fourier's law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{thermal conductivity|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{heat flux|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Fourier's law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Heat equation|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{specific heat capacity|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{density|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{thermal diffusivity|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law for magnetism|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Gau\ss ' law for magnetism|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Maxwell-Faraday equation|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Maxwell-Faraday equation|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Ampère-Maxwell circuital law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Ampère's law|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{displacement current|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{refractive index|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Fermat's principle|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Fermat's principle|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Eikonal equation|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{action|hyperpage}{278}
+\indexentry{Principle of least action|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{small change|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Hamilton-Jacobi equation|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Schrödinger equation|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Schrödinger equation|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{wave function|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Green identities|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Method of characteristics|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{characteristic curves|hyperpage}{279}
+\indexentry{Traffic flow equation|hyperpage}{280}
+\indexentry{Rankine-Hugoniot equation|hyperpage}{280}
+\indexentry{Entropy condition|hyperpage}{280}
+\indexentry{D'Alembert formula|hyperpage}{281}
+\indexentry{Conservation of energy|hyperpage}{282}
+\indexentry{even periodic extension|hyperpage}{283}
+\indexentry{odd periodic extension|hyperpage}{283}
+\indexentry{Separation of variables|hyperpage}{283}
+\indexentry{separation of variables|hyperpage}{283}
+\indexentry{Sturm-Picone comparison theorem|hyperpage}{283}
+\indexentry{self-similar|hyperpage}{284}
+\indexentry{Distribution|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{distribution|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{Dirac's $\delta $ distribution|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{differentiation operator|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{distributional derivative|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{Heaviside step function|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{fundamental solution|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{heat kernel|hyperpage}{285}
+\indexentry{generalized heat kernel|hyperpage}{286}
+\indexentry{Explicit scheme in finite differences|hyperpage}{286}
+\indexentry{Implicit scheme in finite differences|hyperpage}{286}
+\indexentry{Duhamel principle|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{parabolic cylinder|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{parabolic boundary|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{Maximum principle|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{Minimum principle|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{Uniqueness of the heat equation|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{Maximum principle on unbounded domains|hyperpage}{287}
+\indexentry{Minimum principle on unbounded domains|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Uniqueness of the heat equation on the unbounded domains|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Laplace equation|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Laplace equation|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet problem in the disc|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet problem|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet problem|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Uniqueness of Dirichlet problem|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{energy functional|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Dirichlet's principle|hyperpage}{288}
+\indexentry{Sobolev space|hyperpage}{289}
+\indexentry{average|hyperpage}{289}
+\indexentry{Trace theorem|hyperpage}{289}
+\indexentry{trace|hyperpage}{289}
+\indexentry{Poincaré inequality|hyperpage}{289}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{Measure|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{measure|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-additivity|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{interval|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{volume|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{$m$-th dyadic cube|hyperpage}{291}
+\indexentry{Outer measure|hyperpage}{292}
+\indexentry{outer measure|hyperpage}{292}
+\indexentry{null set|hyperpage}{293}
+\indexentry{almost everywhere|hyperpage}{293}
+\indexentry{a.e.|hyperpage}{293}
+\indexentry{Lebesgue measure|hyperpage}{293}
 \indexentry{Lebesgue measurable|hyperpage}{293}
 \indexentry{measurable|hyperpage}{293}
-\indexentry{Borel $\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{294}
-\indexentry{Borel measurable|hyperpage}{294}
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-\indexentry{integral of $s$ over $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{294}
-\indexentry{integral of $s$ over a measurable set $E$|hyperpage}{294}
-\indexentry{integral of $f$ over $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{295}
-\indexentry{integral of $f$ over a measurable set $E\subseteq \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{295}
-\indexentry{Monotone convergence theorem|hyperpage}{295}
-\indexentry{Chebyshev's inequality|hyperpage}{296}
-\indexentry{Fatou's lemma|hyperpage}{296}
-\indexentry{integral of $f$ over $E$|hyperpage}{296}
-\indexentry{integrable function over $E$|hyperpage}{296}
-\indexentry{Dominated convergence theorem|hyperpage}{296}
-\indexentry{converge in mean|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{exists and it is finite|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Mean value theorem for integrals|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Barrow's law|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of calculus|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Integration by parts|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Hardy-Littlewood maximal function|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Hardy-Littlewood maximal function|hyperpage}{297}
-\indexentry{Lebesgue differentiation theorem|hyperpage}{298}
-\indexentry{section|hyperpage}{298}
-\indexentry{Tonelli's theorem|hyperpage}{298}
-\indexentry{Fubini's theorem|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{change of variables|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{Change of variables|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{distance|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{triangular inequality|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{metric space|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{complete|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{norm|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{triangular inequality|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{normed vector space|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{convergent series|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{absolutely convergent|hyperpage}{299}
-\indexentry{Banach space|hyperpage}{300}
-\indexentry{Banach space|hyperpage}{300}
-\indexentry{uniform norm|hyperpage}{300}
-\indexentry{total subset|hyperpage}{300}
-\indexentry{separable|hyperpage}{300}
-\indexentry{quotient space|hyperpage}{301}
-\indexentry{Young's inequality for products|hyperpage}{301}
-\indexentry{Hölder conjugates|hyperpage}{301}
-\indexentry{Hölder's inequality|hyperpage}{301}
-\indexentry{Minkowski inequality|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{uniform norm|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{uniform norm|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{supremum norm|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{subalgebra|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{separating set|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{separate the points|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{vanishes nowhere|hyperpage}{302}
-\indexentry{self-conjugate|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{Stone-Weierstra\ss \ theorem|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{pointwise bounded|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{locally bounded|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{uniformly bounded|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{equicontinuous at a point|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{pointwise equicontinuous|hyperpage}{303}
-\indexentry{uniformly equicontinuous|hyperpage}{303}
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-\indexentry{operator|hyperpage}{304}
-\indexentry{norm|hyperpage}{304}
-\indexentry{sublinear|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{topological homeomorphism|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{isomorphic|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{is finer than|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{equivalent|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{Almost orthogonality lemma|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{Riesz's theorem|hyperpage}{305}
-\indexentry{normed algebra|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{dual space|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{compact operator|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{Fredholm operator with kernel $K$|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{Volterra operator with kernel $K$|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{Hilbert-Schmidt operator with kernel $K$|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{finite-rank operator|hyperpage}{306}
-\indexentry{Neumann series|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{convex functional|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{Hahn-Banach theorem|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{prolongation|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{Seminorm|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{seminorm|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{Hahn-Banach theorem|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{Hahn-Banach theorem|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{reflexive|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{dual map|hyperpage}{307}
-\indexentry{proper subspace of $T$|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{eigenvectors|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{eigenvalue|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{spectrum|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{spectral values|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{Baire's theorem|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{Open mapping theorem|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{Closed graph theorem|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{Banach-Steinhaus theorem|hyperpage}{308}
-\indexentry{semilinear|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{inner product|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{pre-Hilbert space|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Cauchy-Schwarz inequality|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Minkowski inequality|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Polarization identity|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{orthogonal|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{orthogonal complement|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Pythagorean theorem|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Parallelogram law|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Hilbert space|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{Hilbert space|hyperpage}{309}
-\indexentry{minimizer|hyperpage}{310}
-\indexentry{Projection theorem|hyperpage}{310}
-\indexentry{orthogonal projection on $F$|hyperpage}{310}
-\indexentry{Riesz representation theorem|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{adjoint operator|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{self-adjoint|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{orthogonal system|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{orthonormal system|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{complete|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{Hilbert basis|hyperpage}{311}
-\indexentry{Fourier coefficients|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Fourier series|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Gram-Schmidt process|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{orthonormalization|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Bessel's inequality|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Riesz-Fischer theorem|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Parseval identity|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Spectral theorem|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Hilbert-Schmidt spectral representation theorem|hyperpage}{312}
-\indexentry{Fredholm alternative|hyperpage}{313}
-\indexentry{Law of total probability|hyperpage}{314}
-\indexentry{Substitution principle|hyperpage}{314}
-\indexentry{Law of total expectation|hyperpage}{314}
-\indexentry{Wald theorem|hyperpage}{314}
-\indexentry{probability-generating function|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{pgf|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{Stochastic process|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{stochastic process|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{parameter set|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{state space|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{independent|hyperpage}{315}
-\indexentry{Gambler's ruin problem|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{Markov chain|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{Markov property|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{time-homogeneous Markov chain|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{state space|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{states|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{Stochastic matrix|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{stochastic matrix|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{transition probabilities|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{transition matrix|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{initial distribution|hyperpage}{317}
-\indexentry{Random walk|hyperpage}{318}
-\indexentry{random walk|hyperpage}{318}
-\indexentry{simple random walk|hyperpage}{318}
-\indexentry{$n$-step transition probabilities|hyperpage}{318}
-\indexentry{$n$-step transition matrix|hyperpage}{318}
-\indexentry{$n$-step distribution|hyperpage}{318}
-\indexentry{Chapman-Kolmogorov equation|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{reachable|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{communicate|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{irreducible class|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{irreducible chain|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{period|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{aperiodic|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{aperiodic|hyperpage}{319}
-\indexentry{filtration|hyperpage}{320}
-\indexentry{filtration space|hyperpage}{320}
-\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra generated by $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {X}}$|hyperpage}{320}
-\indexentry{stopping time|hyperpage}{320}
-\indexentry{Strong Markov property|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{Lebesgue measure|hyperpage}{293}
+\indexentry{real function|hyperpage}{294}
+\indexentry{finite|hyperpage}{294}
+\indexentry{Lebesgue measurable|hyperpage}{294}
+\indexentry{measurable|hyperpage}{294}
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+\indexentry{Borel measurable|hyperpage}{295}
+\indexentry{simple function|hyperpage}{295}
+\indexentry{integral of $s$ over $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{295}
+\indexentry{integral of $s$ over a measurable set $E$|hyperpage}{295}
+\indexentry{integral of $f$ over $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{296}
+\indexentry{integral of $f$ over a measurable set $E\subseteq \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$|hyperpage}{296}
+\indexentry{Monotone convergence theorem|hyperpage}{296}
+\indexentry{Chebyshev's inequality|hyperpage}{297}
+\indexentry{Fatou's lemma|hyperpage}{297}
+\indexentry{integral of $f$ over $E$|hyperpage}{297}
+\indexentry{integrable function over $E$|hyperpage}{297}
+\indexentry{Dominated convergence theorem|hyperpage}{297}
+\indexentry{converge in mean|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{exists and it is finite|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Mean value theorem for integrals|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Barrow's law|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Fundamental theorem of calculus|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Integration by parts|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Hardy-Littlewood maximal function|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Hardy-Littlewood maximal function|hyperpage}{298}
+\indexentry{Lebesgue differentiation theorem|hyperpage}{299}
+\indexentry{section|hyperpage}{299}
+\indexentry{Tonelli's theorem|hyperpage}{299}
+\indexentry{Fubini's theorem|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{change of variables|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{Change of variables|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{distance|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{triangular inequality|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{metric space|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{complete|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{norm|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{triangular inequality|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{normed vector space|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{convergent series|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{absolutely convergent|hyperpage}{300}
+\indexentry{Banach space|hyperpage}{301}
+\indexentry{Banach space|hyperpage}{301}
+\indexentry{uniform norm|hyperpage}{301}
+\indexentry{total subset|hyperpage}{301}
+\indexentry{separable|hyperpage}{301}
+\indexentry{quotient space|hyperpage}{302}
+\indexentry{Young's inequality for products|hyperpage}{302}
+\indexentry{Hölder conjugates|hyperpage}{302}
+\indexentry{Hölder's inequality|hyperpage}{302}
+\indexentry{Hölder's inequality|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{Interpolation inequality|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{Minkowski inequality|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{uniform norm|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{uniform norm|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{supremum norm|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{subalgebra|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{separating set|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{separate the points|hyperpage}{303}
+\indexentry{vanishes nowhere|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{self-conjugate|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{Stone-Weierstra\ss \ theorem|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{pointwise bounded|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{locally bounded|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{uniformly bounded|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{equicontinuous at a point|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{pointwise equicontinuous|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{uniformly equicontinuous|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{Arzelà-Ascoli theorem|hyperpage}{304}
+\indexentry{operator|hyperpage}{305}
+\indexentry{norm|hyperpage}{305}
+\indexentry{sublinear|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{topological homeomorphism|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{isomorphic|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{is finer than|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{equivalent|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{Almost orthogonality lemma|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{Riesz's theorem|hyperpage}{306}
+\indexentry{normed algebra|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{dual space|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{compact operator|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{Fredholm operator with kernel $K$|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{Volterra operator with kernel $K$|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{Hilbert-Schmidt operator with kernel $K$|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{finite-rank operator|hyperpage}{307}
+\indexentry{Neumann series|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{convex functional|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{Hahn-Banach theorem|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{prolongation|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{Seminorm|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{seminorm|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{Hahn-Banach theorem|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{Hahn-Banach theorem|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{reflexive|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{dual map|hyperpage}{308}
+\indexentry{proper subspace of $T$|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{eigenvectors|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{eigenvalue|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{spectrum|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{spectral values|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{Baire's theorem|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{Open mapping theorem|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{Closed graph theorem|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{Banach-Steinhaus theorem|hyperpage}{309}
+\indexentry{semilinear|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{inner product|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{pre-Hilbert space|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{Cauchy-Schwarz inequality|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{Minkowski inequality|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{Polarization identity|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{orthogonal|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{orthogonal complement|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{Pythagorean theorem|hyperpage}{310}
+\indexentry{Parallelogram law|hyperpage}{311}
+\indexentry{Hilbert space|hyperpage}{311}
+\indexentry{Hilbert space|hyperpage}{311}
+\indexentry{minimizer|hyperpage}{311}
+\indexentry{Projection theorem|hyperpage}{311}
+\indexentry{orthogonal projection on $F$|hyperpage}{311}
+\indexentry{Riesz representation theorem|hyperpage}{312}
+\indexentry{adjoint operator|hyperpage}{312}
+\indexentry{self-adjoint|hyperpage}{312}
+\indexentry{orthogonal system|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{orthonormal system|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{complete|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Hilbert basis|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Fourier coefficients|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Fourier series|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Gram-Schmidt process|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{orthonormalization|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Bessel's inequality|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Fourier transform|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Riesz-Fischer theorem|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Parseval identity|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Spectral theorem|hyperpage}{313}
+\indexentry{Hilbert-Schmidt spectral representation theorem|hyperpage}{314}
+\indexentry{Fredholm alternative|hyperpage}{314}
+\indexentry{Law of total probability|hyperpage}{315}
+\indexentry{Substitution principle|hyperpage}{315}
+\indexentry{Law of total expectation|hyperpage}{315}
+\indexentry{Wald theorem|hyperpage}{315}
+\indexentry{probability-generating function|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{pgf|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{Stochastic process|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{stochastic process|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{parameter set|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{state space|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{independent|hyperpage}{316}
+\indexentry{Gambler's ruin problem|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{Markov chain|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{Markov property|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{time-homogeneous Markov chain|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{state space|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{states|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{Stochastic matrix|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{stochastic matrix|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{transition probabilities|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{transition matrix|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{initial distribution|hyperpage}{318}
+\indexentry{Random walk|hyperpage}{319}
+\indexentry{random walk|hyperpage}{319}
+\indexentry{simple random walk|hyperpage}{319}
+\indexentry{$n$-step transition probabilities|hyperpage}{319}
+\indexentry{$n$-step transition matrix|hyperpage}{319}
+\indexentry{$n$-step distribution|hyperpage}{319}
+\indexentry{Chapman-Kolmogorov equation|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{reachable|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{communicate|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{irreducible class|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{irreducible chain|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{period|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{aperiodic|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{aperiodic|hyperpage}{320}
+\indexentry{filtration|hyperpage}{321}
+\indexentry{filtration space|hyperpage}{321}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra generated by $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {X}}$|hyperpage}{321}
+\indexentry{stopping time|hyperpage}{321}
 \indexentry{Strong Markov property|hyperpage}{321}
-\indexentry{transient|hyperpage}{321}
-\indexentry{recurrent|hyperpage}{321}
-\indexentry{$k$-th hitting time|hyperpage}{321}
-\indexentry{recurrent|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{transient|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}$|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}^2$|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}^3$|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{positive recurrent|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{null recurrent|hyperpage}{323}
-\indexentry{Ergotic theorem|hyperpage}{323}
+\indexentry{Strong Markov property|hyperpage}{322}
+\indexentry{transient|hyperpage}{322}
+\indexentry{recurrent|hyperpage}{322}
+\indexentry{$k$-th hitting time|hyperpage}{322}
+\indexentry{recurrent|hyperpage}{324}
+\indexentry{transient|hyperpage}{324}
+\indexentry{Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}$|hyperpage}{324}
+\indexentry{Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}^2$|hyperpage}{324}
+\indexentry{Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}^3$|hyperpage}{324}
+\indexentry{positive recurrent|hyperpage}{324}
+\indexentry{null recurrent|hyperpage}{324}
 \indexentry{Ergotic theorem|hyperpage}{324}
-\indexentry{stationary distribution|hyperpage}{324}
-\indexentry{continuous-time Markov chain|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{transition probabilities|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{Chapman-Kolmogorov equation|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{Poisson process|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{independent increments|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{stationary increments|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{trajectories|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{càd|hyperpage}{325}
-\indexentry{holding times|hyperpage}{326}
-\indexentry{inter-arrival times|hyperpage}{326}
-\indexentry{infinitesimal generator|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{infinitesimal transition scheme|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov's backward equation|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov's forward equation|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{jump process|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{conservative|hyperpage}{327}
-\indexentry{stationary distribution|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{balance equation|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{irreducible|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{limit distribution|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{birth and death process|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{pure death process|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{pure birth process|hyperpage}{328}
-\indexentry{Reuter criterion|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{gaussian vector|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{gaussian process|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{mean function|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{covariance function|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{Brownian motion|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{Wiener process|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{standard|hyperpage}{329}
-\indexentry{stochastically equivalent|hyperpage}{330}
-\indexentry{version|hyperpage}{330}
-\indexentry{indistinguishable|hyperpage}{330}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov's continuity theorem|hyperpage}{330}
-\indexentry{Paley-Wiener-Zygmund theorem|hyperpage}{330}
-\indexentry{$d$-dimensional standard Brownian motion|hyperpage}{331}
-\indexentry{Law of the iterated logarithm|hyperpage}{332}
-\indexentry{Finite-dimensional distributions|hyperpage}{332}
-\indexentry{finite-dimensional distributions|hyperpage}{332}
-\indexentry{consistency condition|hyperpage}{332}
-\indexentry{Kolmogorov extension theorem|hyperpage}{332}
+\indexentry{Ergotic theorem|hyperpage}{325}
+\indexentry{stationary distribution|hyperpage}{325}
+\indexentry{continuous-time Markov chain|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{transition probabilities|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{Chapman-Kolmogorov equation|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{Poisson process|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{independent increments|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{stationary increments|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{trajectories|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{càd|hyperpage}{326}
+\indexentry{holding times|hyperpage}{327}
+\indexentry{inter-arrival times|hyperpage}{327}
+\indexentry{infinitesimal generator|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{infinitesimal transition scheme|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov's backward equation|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov's forward equation|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{jump process|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{regular|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{stable|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{conservative|hyperpage}{328}
+\indexentry{stationary distribution|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{balance equation|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{irreducible|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{limit distribution|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{birth and death process|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{pure death process|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{pure birth process|hyperpage}{329}
+\indexentry{Reuter criterion|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{gaussian vector|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{gaussian process|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{mean function|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{covariance function|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{Brownian motion|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{Wiener process|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{standard|hyperpage}{330}
+\indexentry{stochastically equivalent|hyperpage}{331}
+\indexentry{version|hyperpage}{331}
+\indexentry{indistinguishable|hyperpage}{331}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov's continuity theorem|hyperpage}{331}
+\indexentry{Paley-Wiener-Zygmund theorem|hyperpage}{331}
+\indexentry{$d$-dimensional standard Brownian motion|hyperpage}{332}
+\indexentry{Law of the iterated logarithm|hyperpage}{333}
+\indexentry{Finite-dimensional distributions|hyperpage}{333}
+\indexentry{finite-dimensional distributions|hyperpage}{333}
+\indexentry{consistency condition|hyperpage}{333}
+\indexentry{Kolmogorov extension theorem|hyperpage}{333}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{measurable space|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra generated by $\mathcal  {F}$|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{measurable|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{Measure|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{measure|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{measurable space|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{integral of $f$ with respect to $\mu $|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{integral of $f$ with respect to $\mu $|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{Monotone convergence theorem|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{Fatou's lemma|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{Dominated convergence theorem|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{Product measure|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{product measure|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-finite|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{Fubini|hyperpage}{335}
+\indexentry{density|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{absolutely continuous|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{Radon-Nikodym|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{probability space|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{events|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{Random variable|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{$E$-valued random variable|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{Expectation|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{expectation of $X$|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{law of $X$|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{$\sigma $-algebra generated by $X$|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{Jensen's inequality|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{conditional expectation of $X$ given $\mathcal  {G}$|hyperpage}{336}
+\indexentry{Tower property|hyperpage}{337}
+\indexentry{conditional expectation of $X$ given $Y$|hyperpage}{337}
+\indexentry{probability kernel|hyperpage}{337}
+\indexentry{conditional law of $X$ given $Y$|hyperpage}{337}
+\indexentry{Sobolev spaces|hyperpage}{338}
+\indexentry{Sobolev spaces|hyperpage}{338}
+\indexentry{Poincaré's inequality|hyperpage}{338}
+\indexentry{Poincaré-Wirtinger's inequality|hyperpage}{338}
diff --git a/main_math.ilg b/main_math.ilg
index 1e7cd1c..ce7d395 100644
--- a/main_math.ilg
+++ b/main_math.ilg
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 This is makeindex, version 2.17 [TeX Live 2023] (kpathsea + Thai support).
-Scanning input file main_math.idx.......done (3055 entries accepted, 0 rejected).
-Sorting entries..............................done (39602 comparisons).
-Generating output file main_math.ind......done (2608 lines written, 0 warnings).
+Scanning input file main_math.idx.......done (3096 entries accepted, 0 rejected).
+Sorting entries..............................done (40266 comparisons).
+Generating output file main_math.ind......done (2638 lines written, 0 warnings).
 Output written in main_math.ind.
 Transcript written in main_math.ilg.
diff --git a/main_math.ind b/main_math.ind
index e5869d4..a53789b 100644
--- a/main_math.ind
+++ b/main_math.ind
@@ -1,2608 +1,2638 @@
 \begin{theindex}
 
-  \item $(G,\cdot )$-space, \hyperpage{210}
+  \item $(G,\cdot )$-space, \hyperpage{211}
+  \item $E$-valued random variable, \hyperpage{336}
   \item $F$-distribution with degrees of freedom $d_1$ and $d_2$, 
-		\hyperpage{251}
-  \item $F$-linearly independent, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item $K$-field morphism, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item $N$-th partial sum of $Sf$, \hyperpage{82}
-  \item $N$-th partial sum of the series, \hyperpage{75}, 
-		\hyperpage{104}
-  \item $P$ and $Q$ are both true, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item $P$ and $Q$ have the same truth-value, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item $Q$ is true whenever $P$ is true, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item $T$-periodic, \hyperpage{80}
-  \item $T_0$ space, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item $T_1$ space, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item $T_2$ space, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item $T_3$ space, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item $T_4$ space, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item $T_{2\frac  {1}{2}}$ space, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item $\alpha $-limit point, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item $\alpha $-limit set, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$-differentiable, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$-differentiable, \hyperpage{109}
-  \item $\omega $-limit point, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item $\omega $-limit set, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item $\sigma $-additivity, \hyperpage{172}, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{171}, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item $\sigma $-algebra generated, \hyperpage{171}
+		\hyperpage{252}
+  \item $F$-linearly independent, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item $K$-field morphism, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item $N$-th partial sum of $Sf$, \hyperpage{83}
+  \item $N$-th partial sum of the series, \hyperpage{76}, 
+		\hyperpage{105}
+  \item $P$ and $Q$ are both true, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item $P$ and $Q$ have the same truth-value, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item $Q$ is true whenever $P$ is true, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item $T$-periodic, \hyperpage{81}
+  \item $T_0$ space, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item $T_1$ space, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item $T_2$ space, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item $T_3$ space, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item $T_4$ space, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item $T_{2\frac  {1}{2}}$ space, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item $\alpha $-limit point, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item $\alpha $-limit set, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$-differentiable, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$-differentiable, \hyperpage{110}
+  \item $\omega $-limit point, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item $\omega $-limit set, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item $\sigma $-additivity, \hyperpage{173}, \hyperpage{291}
+  \item $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{172}, \hyperpage{291}, 
+		\hyperpage{335}
+  \item $\sigma $-algebra generated, \hyperpage{172}
+  \item $\sigma $-algebra generated by $X$, \hyperpage{336}
   \item $\sigma $-algebra generated by $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {X}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{320}
+		\hyperpage{321}
+  \item $\sigma $-algebra generated by $\mathcal  {F}$, \hyperpage{335}
   \item $\sigma $-algebra of all Lebesgue measurable sets in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$, 
-		\hyperpage{174}
-  \item $d$-dimensional standard Brownian motion, \hyperpage{331}
-  \item $i$-th pivot, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item $k$-linear map, \hyperpage{154}
-  \item $k$-th hitting time, \hyperpage{321}
-  \item $m$-dimensional projective subvariety, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item $m$-th dyadic cube, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item $n$-dimensional projective space, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item $n$-dimensional volume, \hyperpage{57, 58}
-  \item $n$-periodic, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item $n$-step distribution, \hyperpage{318}
-  \item $n$-step transition matrix, \hyperpage{318}
-  \item $n$-step transition probabilities, \hyperpage{318}
-  \item $n$-th Fourier coefficient, \hyperpage{82}
-  \item $n$-th Lyapunov constant, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item $n$-th ball, \hyperpage{209}
-  \item $n$-th cyclotomic polynomial, \hyperpage{163}
+		\hyperpage{175}
+  \item $\sigma $-finite, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item $d$-dimensional standard Brownian motion, \hyperpage{332}
+  \item $i$-th pivot, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item $k$-linear map, \hyperpage{155}
+  \item $k$-th hitting time, \hyperpage{322}
+  \item $m$-dimensional projective subvariety, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item $m$-th dyadic cube, \hyperpage{291}
+  \item $n$-dimensional projective space, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item $n$-dimensional volume, \hyperpage{58, 59}
+  \item $n$-periodic, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item $n$-step distribution, \hyperpage{319}
+  \item $n$-step transition matrix, \hyperpage{319}
+  \item $n$-step transition probabilities, \hyperpage{319}
+  \item $n$-th Fourier coefficient, \hyperpage{83}
+  \item $n$-th Lyapunov constant, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item $n$-th ball, \hyperpage{210}
+  \item $n$-th cyclotomic polynomial, \hyperpage{164}
   \item $n$-th derivative of $f$ at the point $a\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{30}
-  \item $n$-th primitive root of unity, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item $n$-th root of unity, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item $n-1$-th sphere, \hyperpage{209}
-  \item $p$-group, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item $p$-value, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item $s$-stage Runge-Kutta methods, \hyperpage{259}
-  \item $t$-test, \hyperpage{200}
-  \item $x$-simple, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item $xy$-simple, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item $xz$-simple, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item $y$-simple, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item $yz$-simple, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item (left) $G$-set, \hyperpage{39}
-  \item (left) group action, \hyperpage{39}
-  \item 2-forms, \hyperpage{61}
-  \item 3-forms, \hyperpage{61}
+		\hyperpage{31}
+  \item $n$-th primitive root of unity, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item $n$-th root of unity, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item $n-1$-th sphere, \hyperpage{210}
+  \item $p$-group, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item $p$-value, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item $s$-stage Runge-Kutta methods, \hyperpage{260}
+  \item $t$-test, \hyperpage{201}
+  \item $x$-simple, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item $xy$-simple, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item $xz$-simple, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item $y$-simple, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item $yz$-simple, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item (left) $G$-set, \hyperpage{40}
+  \item (left) group action, \hyperpage{40}
+  \item 2-forms, \hyperpage{62}
+  \item 3-forms, \hyperpage{62}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item A-stable, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item a.e., \hyperpage{292}
-  \item Abel's summation formula, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item Abel's test, \hyperpage{76, 77}, \hyperpage{79}, 
-		\hyperpage{106}
-  \item Abel's theorem, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item Abel-Ruffini theorem, \hyperpage{170}
-  \item abelian, \hyperpage{36}, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item absolute condition numbers, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item absolute error, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item Absolute geometry, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item absolute value, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item absolutely continuous, \hyperpage{177}, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item absolutely convergent, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{105}, 
-		\hyperpage{116}, \hyperpage{299}
-  \item absolutely stable, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item acceptation region, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item ACCP, \hyperpage{45}
-  \item accumulation point, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item action, \hyperpage{210}, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Adams method, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item Adams-Bashforth method, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item Adams-Moulton method, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item adherence, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item adherent point, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item adjacency matrix, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item adjacent, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item adjoint, \hyperpage{23}
-  \item adjoint operator, \hyperpage{311}
-  \item adjugate matrix, \hyperpage{14}
-  \item adjusted coefficient of determination, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item affine combination, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item affine coordinates, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item Affine Gra\ss mann formulas, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item affine plane, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item affine space, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item affine subvariety, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item affinely independents, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item affinity, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item AIC, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item Aitken's $\Delta ^2$ method, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item Akaike information criterion, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item Algebra, \hyperpage{171}
-  \item algebra, \hyperpage{171}
-  \item algebraic, \hyperpage{163, 164}
-  \item algebraic closure, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item algebraic curve, \hyperpage{134}
-  \item algebraic multiplicity, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item algebraic value, \hyperpage{152}
-  \item algebraically closed, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item algebraically closed field, \hyperpage{20}
-  \item almost everywhere, \hyperpage{292}
-  \item Almost orthogonality lemma, \hyperpage{305}
-  \item alternating, \hyperpage{154}
-  \item alternating group, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item alternating series, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item alternative hypothesis, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item amplification factor, \hyperpage{269}
-  \item amplification polynomial, \hyperpage{272}
-  \item Ampère's law, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Ampère-Maxwell circuital law, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item an asymptotically normal estimator, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item analytic, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{112}
-  \item analytic at $a$, \hyperpage{31}
-  \item Analytic continuation theorem, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item angle, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item angle-preserving, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item anisotropic, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item annihilator, \hyperpage{18}
-  \item aperiodic, \hyperpage{319}
-  \item approximation of identity, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{240}
-  \item approximations of the identity, \hyperpage{234}
-  \item arc length, \hyperpage{59}
-  \item arc length parameter, \hyperpage{59}
-  \item arc-length function, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item arc-length parameter, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item Archimedean, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Archimedean property, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item argument, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item Argument principle, \hyperpage{117}
-  \item Artin's lemma, \hyperpage{168}
-  \item Arzelà-Ascoli theorem, \hyperpage{120}, \hyperpage{124}, 
-		\hyperpage{303}
-  \item ASA criterion, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item ascending chain condition on principal ideals, \hyperpage{45}
-  \item associated, \hyperpage{44}
-  \item associated multivalued function, \hyperpage{109}
-  \item Associative property, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item Asymptotic behaviour of the LRT, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item asymptotic direction, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item asymptotic efficient estimator, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item asymptotic error constant, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item asymptotic line, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item asymptotically stable, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item asymptotically unbiased estimator, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item atlas, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item attracting, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item attracting parabolic sector, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item attractor fixed point, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item auto-adjoint, \hyperpage{23}
-  \item autonomous, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item average, \hyperpage{288}
-  \item average response, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item Axiom of Archimedes, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Axiom of choice, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item Axiom of completeness, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Axiom of extensionality, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item Axiom of Parallels, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item axiomatic projective space, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item axis of perspectivity, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item A-stable, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item a.e., \hyperpage{293}
+  \item Abel's summation formula, \hyperpage{77}, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item Abel's test, \hyperpage{77, 78}, \hyperpage{80}, 
+		\hyperpage{107}
+  \item Abel's theorem, \hyperpage{79}, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item Abel-Ruffini theorem, \hyperpage{171}
+  \item abelian, \hyperpage{37}, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item absolute condition numbers, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item absolute error, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item Absolute geometry, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item absolute value, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item absolutely continuous, \hyperpage{178}, \hyperpage{180}, 
+		\hyperpage{336}
+  \item absolutely convergent, \hyperpage{77}, \hyperpage{106}, 
+		\hyperpage{117}, \hyperpage{300}
+  \item absolutely stable, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item acceptation region, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item ACCP, \hyperpage{46}
+  \item accumulation point, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item action, \hyperpage{211}, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Adams method, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item Adams-Bashforth method, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item Adams-Moulton method, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item adherence, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item adherent point, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item adjacency matrix, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item adjacent, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item adjoint, \hyperpage{24}
+  \item adjoint operator, \hyperpage{312}
+  \item adjugate matrix, \hyperpage{15}
+  \item adjusted coefficient of determination, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item affine combination, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item affine coordinates, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item Affine Gra\ss mann formulas, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item affine plane, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item affine space, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item affine subvariety, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item affinely independents, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item affinity, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item AIC, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item Aitken's $\Delta ^2$ method, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item Akaike information criterion, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item Algebra, \hyperpage{172}
+  \item algebra, \hyperpage{172}
+  \item algebraic, \hyperpage{164, 165}
+  \item algebraic closure, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item algebraic curve, \hyperpage{135}
+  \item algebraic multiplicity, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item algebraic value, \hyperpage{153}
+  \item algebraically closed, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item algebraically closed field, \hyperpage{21}
+  \item almost everywhere, \hyperpage{293}
+  \item Almost orthogonality lemma, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item alternating, \hyperpage{155}
+  \item alternating group, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item alternating series, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item alternative hypothesis, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item amplification factor, \hyperpage{270}
+  \item amplification polynomial, \hyperpage{273}
+  \item Ampère's law, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Ampère-Maxwell circuital law, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item an asymptotically normal estimator, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item analytic, \hyperpage{79}, \hyperpage{113}
+  \item analytic at $a$, \hyperpage{32}
+  \item Analytic continuation theorem, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item angle, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item angle-preserving, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item anisotropic, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item annihilator, \hyperpage{19}
+  \item aperiodic, \hyperpage{320}
+  \item approximation of identity, \hyperpage{79}, \hyperpage{241}
+  \item approximations of the identity, \hyperpage{235}
+  \item arc length, \hyperpage{60}
+  \item arc length parameter, \hyperpage{60}
+  \item arc-length function, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item arc-length parameter, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item Archimedean, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Archimedean property, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item argument, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item Argument principle, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item Artin's lemma, \hyperpage{169}
+  \item Arzelà-Ascoli theorem, \hyperpage{121}, \hyperpage{125}, 
+		\hyperpage{304}
+  \item ASA criterion, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item ascending chain condition on principal ideals, \hyperpage{46}
+  \item associated, \hyperpage{45}
+  \item associated multivalued function, \hyperpage{110}
+  \item Associative property, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item Asymptotic behaviour of the LRT, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item asymptotic direction, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item asymptotic efficient estimator, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item asymptotic error constant, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item asymptotic line, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item asymptotically stable, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item asymptotically unbiased estimator, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item atlas, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item attracting, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item attracting parabolic sector, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item attractor fixed point, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item auto-adjoint, \hyperpage{24}
+  \item autonomous, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item average, \hyperpage{289}
+  \item average response, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item Axiom of Archimedes, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Axiom of choice, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item Axiom of completeness, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Axiom of extensionality, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item Axiom of Parallels, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item axiomatic projective space, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item axis of perspectivity, \hyperpage{68}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item backward Euler method, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item Backward-time central-space, \hyperpage{267}, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Baire's theorem, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item balance equation, \hyperpage{328}
-  \item ball, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item Banach fixed-point theorem, \hyperpage{124}
-  \item Banach space, \hyperpage{300}
-  \item Banach-Steinhaus theorem, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item bandlimited, \hyperpage{238}
-  \item Barrow's law, \hyperpage{297}
-  \item barycenter, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item Basic bootstrap confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item basic bootstrap confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item basic feasible solutions, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item basin, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item basis, \hyperpage{15}, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item Bautin's theorem, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item Bayes estimate, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item Bayes' formula, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item Bayesian point estimates, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item Bendixson's theorem, \hyperpage{136}
-  \item Bendixson-Dulac theorem, \hyperpage{136}
-  \item Bernoulli differential equation, \hyperpage{122}
-  \item Bernoulli distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item Bernoulli numbers, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Bernoulli polynomials, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Bessel's inequality, \hyperpage{86}, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item Beta distribution, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item beta distribution, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item beta function, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item BFGS method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item Bias, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item bias, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item Bias on the estimations, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item Bias on the predictions, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item biased estimator, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item bijective, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item bilinear, \hyperpage{21}
-  \item bilinear form, \hyperpage{21}
-  \item Binomial coefficient formulas, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item Binomial distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item binomial distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item Binomial theorem, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item binormal vector, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item bipartite, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item birth and death process, \hyperpage{328}
-  \item Bisection method, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item block matrix, \hyperpage{14}
-  \item blow-down, \hyperpage{224}
-  \item Blow-up in cartesian coordinates, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item Blow-up in generalized polar coordinates, \hyperpage{224}
-  \item Blow-up in polar coordinates, \hyperpage{224}
-  \item blowing-up, \hyperpage{224}
-  \item BLUE, \hyperpage{250}
-  \item Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item Bolzano's theorem, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item Bolzano-Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item Bonferroni's method, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item Bonnet's theorem, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item Boolean ring, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item bootstrap distribution, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item Bootstrap-t confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item bootstrap-t confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item Borel $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{171}, \hyperpage{294}
-  \item Borel measurable, \hyperpage{180}, \hyperpage{294}
-  \item Borel's theorem, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item Borsuk-Ulam theorem, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item Boundary, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item boundary, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{156}, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item boundary point, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item bounded, \hyperpage{25, 26}, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item bounded by compact sets, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item bounded from above, \hyperpage{24, 25}
-  \item bounded from below, \hyperpage{24, 25}
-  \item bounded set, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item box topology, \hyperpage{208}
-  \item Box-Cox transformation, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item bridge, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item Brouwer's fixed-point theorem, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item Brownian motion, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item Broyden's method, \hyperpage{262}
-  \item Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item BTCS, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item Budan-Fourier theorem, \hyperpage{91}
-  \item bump functions, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Butcher tableau, \hyperpage{259}
-  \item Bézout's theorem, \hyperpage{9, 10}
+  \item backward Euler method, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item Backward-time central-space, \hyperpage{268}, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Baire's theorem, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item balance equation, \hyperpage{329}
+  \item ball, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item Banach fixed-point theorem, \hyperpage{125}
+  \item Banach space, \hyperpage{301}
+  \item Banach-Steinhaus theorem, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item bandlimited, \hyperpage{239}
+  \item Barrow's law, \hyperpage{298}
+  \item barycenter, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item Basic bootstrap confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item basic bootstrap confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item basic feasible solutions, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item basin, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item basis, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Bautin's theorem, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item Bayes estimate, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item Bayes' formula, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item Bayesian point estimates, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item Bendixson's theorem, \hyperpage{137}
+  \item Bendixson-Dulac theorem, \hyperpage{137}
+  \item Bernoulli differential equation, \hyperpage{123}
+  \item Bernoulli distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item Bernoulli numbers, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Bernoulli polynomials, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Bessel's inequality, \hyperpage{87}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item Beta distribution, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item beta distribution, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item beta function, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item BFGS method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item Bias, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item bias, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item Bias on the estimations, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item Bias on the predictions, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item biased estimator, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item bijective, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item bilinear, \hyperpage{22}
+  \item bilinear form, \hyperpage{22}
+  \item Binomial coefficient formulas, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item Binomial distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item binomial distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item Binomial theorem, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item binormal vector, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item bipartite, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item birth and death process, \hyperpage{329}
+  \item Bisection method, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item block matrix, \hyperpage{15}
+  \item blow-down, \hyperpage{225}
+  \item Blow-up in cartesian coordinates, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item Blow-up in generalized polar coordinates, \hyperpage{225}
+  \item Blow-up in polar coordinates, \hyperpage{225}
+  \item blowing-up, \hyperpage{225}
+  \item BLUE, \hyperpage{251}
+  \item Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item Bolzano's theorem, \hyperpage{28}, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item Bolzano-Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item Bonferroni's method, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item Bonnet's theorem, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item Boolean ring, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item bootstrap distribution, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item Bootstrap-t confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item bootstrap-t confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item Borel $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{172}, \hyperpage{295}
+  \item Borel measurable, \hyperpage{181}, \hyperpage{295}
+  \item Borel's theorem, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item Borsuk-Ulam theorem, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item Boundary, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item boundary, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{157}, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item boundary point, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item bounded, \hyperpage{26, 27}, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item bounded by compact sets, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item bounded from above, \hyperpage{25, 26}
+  \item bounded from below, \hyperpage{25, 26}
+  \item bounded set, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item box topology, \hyperpage{209}
+  \item Box-Cox transformation, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item bridge, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item Brouwer's fixed-point theorem, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item Brownian motion, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item Broyden's method, \hyperpage{263}
+  \item Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item BTCS, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item Budan-Fourier theorem, \hyperpage{92}
+  \item bump functions, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Butcher tableau, \hyperpage{260}
+  \item Bézout's theorem, \hyperpage{10, 11}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Calculation of integrals, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item Calculation of integrals, \hyperpage{117}
   \item canonical form of a linear programming to maximize, 
-		\hyperpage{50}
+		\hyperpage{51}
   \item canonical form of a linear programming to minimize, 
-		\hyperpage{50}
-  \item Cantor set, \hyperpage{208}
-  \item Cantor's theorem, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item Cantor-Bernstein theorem, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item Cardano-Vieta's formulas, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item cardinal, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item Cartesian equations, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item Cartesian form, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item Cartesian geometry, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Cartesian product, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item Casorati-Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{117}
-  \item Cauchy, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item Cauchy condition in $p$-th mean, \hyperpage{188}
-  \item Cauchy condition in probability, \hyperpage{186}
-  \item Cauchy distribution, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item Cauchy in $p$-th mean, \hyperpage{188}
-  \item Cauchy in probability, \hyperpage{186}
-  \item Cauchy momentum equation, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Cauchy principal value, \hyperpage{240}
-  \item Cauchy problem, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item Cauchy product, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item Cauchy sequence, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item Cauchy's functional equation, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item Cauchy's inequality, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item Cauchy's integral theorem, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item Cauchy's mean value theorem, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item Cauchy's test, \hyperpage{75}, \hyperpage{77}, \hyperpage{79}, 
-		\hyperpage{106}
-  \item Cauchy's theorem, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item Cauchy-Hadamard theorem, \hyperpage{106}
-  \item Cauchy-Riemann equations, \hyperpage{110}
-  \item Cauchy-Riemann theorem, \hyperpage{110}
-  \item Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{52}, 
-		\hyperpage{81}, \hyperpage{184}, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item Cavalieri's principle, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item Cayley's theorem, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item Cayley-Hamilton theorem, \hyperpage{20}
-  \item CC, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item cdf, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item cells, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item Center, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item center, \hyperpage{40}, \hyperpage{130}, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item Center of a group, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item Center of mass, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item center of mass, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item Center of masses, \hyperpage{34}
-  \item center of masses, \hyperpage{34}
-  \item central manifolds, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item centre of perspectivity, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item Cesàro summable, \hyperpage{84}
-  \item chain, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item chain of paths, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item Chain rule, \hyperpage{28}, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item Change of basis formula, \hyperpage{17}
-  \item change of parameter, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item Change of variable theorem, \hyperpage{59}
-  \item Change of variables, \hyperpage{158}, \hyperpage{299}
-  \item change of variables, \hyperpage{299}
-  \item change-of-basis matrix, \hyperpage{17}
-  \item Chaos, \hyperpage{229}
-  \item chaotic, \hyperpage{229}
-  \item chaotic behavior, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, \hyperpage{319}, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item characteristic, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item characteristic curves, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Characteristic equation, \hyperpage{122}, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item characteristic equation, \hyperpage{122}
-  \item Characteristic function, \hyperpage{190}
-  \item characteristic function, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{190}
-  \item characteristic polynomial, \hyperpage{19}, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Chebyshev method, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item Chebyshev polynomials, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Chebyshev's inequality, \hyperpage{185}, \hyperpage{296}
+		\hyperpage{51}
+  \item Cantor set, \hyperpage{209}
+  \item Cantor's theorem, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item Cantor-Bernstein theorem, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item Cardano-Vieta's formulas, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item cardinal, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item Cartesian equations, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item Cartesian form, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item Cartesian geometry, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Cartesian product, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item Casorati-Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item Cauchy, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item Cauchy condition in $p$-th mean, \hyperpage{189}
+  \item Cauchy condition in probability, \hyperpage{187}
+  \item Cauchy distribution, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item Cauchy in $p$-th mean, \hyperpage{189}
+  \item Cauchy in probability, \hyperpage{187}
+  \item Cauchy momentum equation, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Cauchy principal value, \hyperpage{241}
+  \item Cauchy problem, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item Cauchy product, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item Cauchy sequence, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item Cauchy's functional equation, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item Cauchy's inequality, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item Cauchy's integral theorem, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item Cauchy's mean value theorem, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item Cauchy's test, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{80}, 
+		\hyperpage{107}
+  \item Cauchy's theorem, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item Cauchy-Hadamard theorem, \hyperpage{107}
+  \item Cauchy-Riemann equations, \hyperpage{111}
+  \item Cauchy-Riemann theorem, \hyperpage{111}
+  \item Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{53}, 
+		\hyperpage{82}, \hyperpage{185}, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item Cavalieri's principle, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item Cayley's theorem, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item Cayley-Hamilton theorem, \hyperpage{21}
+  \item CC, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item cdf, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item cells, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item Center, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item center, \hyperpage{41}, \hyperpage{131}, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item Center of a group, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item Center of mass, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item center of mass, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item Center of masses, \hyperpage{35}
+  \item center of masses, \hyperpage{35}
+  \item central manifolds, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item centre of perspectivity, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item Cesàro summable, \hyperpage{85}
+  \item chain, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item chain of paths, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item Chain rule, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{56}, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item Change of basis formula, \hyperpage{18}
+  \item change of parameter, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item Change of variable theorem, \hyperpage{60}
+  \item Change of variables, \hyperpage{159}, \hyperpage{300}
+  \item change of variables, \hyperpage{300}
+  \item change-of-basis matrix, \hyperpage{18}
+  \item Chaos, \hyperpage{230}
+  \item chaotic, \hyperpage{230}
+  \item chaotic behavior, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, \hyperpage{320}, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item characteristic, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item characteristic curves, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Characteristic equation, \hyperpage{123}, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item characteristic equation, \hyperpage{123}
+  \item Characteristic function, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item characteristic function, \hyperpage{9}, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item characteristic polynomial, \hyperpage{20}, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Chebyshev method, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item Chebyshev polynomials, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Chebyshev's inequality, \hyperpage{186}, \hyperpage{297}
   \item chi-squared distribution with $n$ degrees of freedom, 
-		\hyperpage{196}
-  \item Chinese remainder theorem, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Christoffel symbols, \hyperpage{150}
-  \item circle, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item circulation, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item class, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item class $\mathcal  {C}^\infty $ at $a$, \hyperpage{30}
+		\hyperpage{197}
+  \item Chinese remainder theorem, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Christoffel symbols, \hyperpage{151}
+  \item circle, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item circulation, \hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item class, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item class $\mathcal  {C}^\infty $ at $a$, \hyperpage{31}
   \item class $\mathcal  {C}^n$ at a point $a\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{30}
-  \item class $\mathcal  {C}^p$, \hyperpage{30}
-  \item Classification of affine quadrics, \hyperpage{74}
-  \item Classification of compact connected surfaces, \hyperpage{218}
-  \item Classification of connected 1-manifolds, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item Classification of cyclic groups, \hyperpage{37}
-  \item Classification of Euclidean motions, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item Classification of isometries, \hyperpage{72}
+		\hyperpage{31}
+  \item class $\mathcal  {C}^p$, \hyperpage{31}
+  \item Classification of affine quadrics, \hyperpage{75}
+  \item Classification of compact connected surfaces, \hyperpage{219}
+  \item Classification of connected 1-manifolds, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item Classification of cyclic groups, \hyperpage{38}
+  \item Classification of Euclidean motions, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item Classification of isometries, \hyperpage{73}
   \item Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{73}
-  \item Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$, 
 		\hyperpage{74}
+  \item Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$, 
+		\hyperpage{75}
   \item Classification of projective qua\-drics in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{74}
+		\hyperpage{75}
   \item Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {C}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{73}
+		\hyperpage{74}
   \item Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {F}}_q$, 
-		\hyperpage{73}
+		\hyperpage{74}
   \item Classification of quadratic forms in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{73}
-  \item clopen, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item closed, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{155}, 
-		\hyperpage{205}, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item closed ball, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item Closed forms, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item Closed function, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item Closed graph theorem, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item Closed interval, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item Closed Newton-Cotes Formulas, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item closed trail, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Closure, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item closure, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item Cochran's theorem, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item Cocountable topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item Codazzi-Mainardi equations, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item codimension, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item coefficient of determination, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item coefficients, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item cofactor, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item cofactor matrix, \hyperpage{14}
-  \item Cofinite topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item collineation, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item column rank, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item Combinations with repetition, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item Combinations without repetition, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item communicate, \hyperpage{319}
-  \item commutative, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item compact, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item compact operator, \hyperpage{306}
-  \item Compact space, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item compact subset, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item compact support, \hyperpage{78}
-  \item compactness, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item Comparison test, \hyperpage{75}, \hyperpage{79}, 
-		\hyperpage{182}
-  \item compatibility condition, \hyperpage{272}
-  \item compatible, \hyperpage{148}, \hyperpage{157}
-  \item compatible with, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item complement, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item Complementary property, \hyperpage{51}
-  \item complementary subspace, \hyperpage{16}
-  \item complete, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{299}, \hyperpage{311}
-  \item complete graph, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Complete pivoting, \hyperpage{101}
-  \item complex conjugate, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item complex cosecant, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex cosine, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item complex cotangent, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex exponential function, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item complex function, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item complex hyperbolic cosecant, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex hyperbolic cosine, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex hyperbolic cotangent, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex hyperbolic secant, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex hyperbolic sine, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex hyperbolic tangent, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex natural logarithm, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item complex power series, \hyperpage{106}
-  \item complex random variable, \hyperpage{190}
-  \item complex secant, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item complex sine, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item complex tangent, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item Composite Simpson's rule, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Composite Trapezoidal rule, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item composition, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item compositum, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item Compound probability formula, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item computational efficiency, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item concave, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item Condensation test, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item condition number, \hyperpage{98}
-  \item conditional consistency, \hyperpage{268}
-  \item conditional expectation, \hyperpage{185}
-  \item conditional probability, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item conditional probability density function, \hyperpage{181}
-  \item conditional probability mass function, \hyperpage{181}
-  \item conditionally absolutely stable, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item conditionally convergent, \hyperpage{268}
-  \item cone, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item confidence band, \hyperpage{253}
-  \item Confidence interval for the average response, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item Confidence interval for the predicted value, \hyperpage{253}
-  \item confidence intervals, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item confidence level, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item confidence region, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item configuration, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item conformal, \hyperpage{118}, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item conformal representation, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item Congruence axioms, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item congruence relation, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item conic, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item conjugacy, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item conjugate, \hyperpage{103}, \hyperpage{131}, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item conjugate dynamical systems, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item Conjugate gradient method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item conjugate Poisson kernel, \hyperpage{247}
-  \item conjugation action, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item connected, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item connected components, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item Connected space, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item connected subset, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item Connected sum, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item connected sum, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item Connected sum of surfaces, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item Conservation of energy, \hyperpage{281}
-  \item conservative, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{327}
-  \item consistency condition, \hyperpage{332}
-  \item consistent, \hyperpage{258}, \hyperpage{261}, \hyperpage{268}
-  \item consistent estimator in $L^2$, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item constant coefficients, \hyperpage{121}, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item constant term, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item constructible field, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Construction of a non-Paschian geometry, \hyperpage{64}
-  \item Construction of a non-SAS geometry, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item contact, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item contact of order $\geq n$ at $a$, \hyperpage{30}
-  \item Continuity axioms, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Continuity correction, \hyperpage{191}
-  \item continuity correction, \hyperpage{191}
-  \item Continuity from above, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item Continuity from below, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item continuous, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{105}, 
-		\hyperpage{129}
-  \item continuous at $x_0$, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item Continuous equation, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item continuous equation, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Continuous function, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item Continuous memorylessness property, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item Continuous uniform distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item continuous uniform distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item continuous-time Markov chain, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item contractible, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item contraction, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item contrast matrix, \hyperpage{200}
-  \item converge in mean, \hyperpage{297}
-  \item converge in norm $L^p$, \hyperpage{86}
-  \item convergent, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{75}, 
-		\hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{97}, \hyperpage{104, 105}, 
-		\hyperpage{116}, \hyperpage{258}
-  \item convergent series, \hyperpage{299}
-  \item converges, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item converges absolutely, \hyperpage{79}
-  \item converges almost surely, \hyperpage{187}
-  \item converges in distribution, \hyperpage{188}
-  \item converges in probability, \hyperpage{186}
-  \item converges in the $p$-th mean, \hyperpage{188}
-  \item converges pointwise, \hyperpage{76, 77}, \hyperpage{105, 106}
-  \item converges uniformly, \hyperpage{76, 77}, \hyperpage{105, 106}
-  \item convex, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item convex functional, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item convolution, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{239}, \hyperpage{243}
-  \item Cook's distance, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item coordinate chart, \hyperpage{146}, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item coordinates, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item Coordination theorem, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item coprime, \hyperpage{9, 10}
-  \item corrected sample variance, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item correlation coefficient, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item Correspondence theorem, \hyperpage{39}, \hyperpage{43}
-  \item countable, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item Countable subadditivity, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition, \hyperpage{269}
-  \item Covariance, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item covariance, \hyperpage{184}, \hyperpage{248}
-  \item covariance function, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item covariance matrix, \hyperpage{180}, \hyperpage{195}, 
-		\hyperpage{248}
-  \item covariant derivative, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item Cover, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item cover, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item Cramér-Rao bound, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item Crank-Nicolson, \hyperpage{271}
-  \item Crank-Nicolson scheme, \hyperpage{271}, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item credible interval, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item credible region, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item critical point, \hyperpage{56}, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item critical region, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item cross product, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item Cross ratio, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item cross ratio, \hyperpage{68}, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item cubic convergence, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item Cubic Hermite spline, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item Cubic periodic spline, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item cubic polynomial, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item cubic splines, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item Cumulative distribution function, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item cumulative distribution function, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item curl, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item Curl theorem, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item curvature, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item cusp, \hyperpage{223}
-  \item cycle, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item cyclic, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item cyclic group, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item cyclotomic, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item càd, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item càdlàg, \hyperpage{175}
+		\hyperpage{74}
+  \item clopen, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item closed, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{156}, 
+		\hyperpage{206}, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item closed ball, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item Closed forms, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item Closed function, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item Closed graph theorem, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item Closed interval, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item Closed Newton-Cotes Formulas, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item closed trail, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Closure, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item closure, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Cochran's theorem, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item Cocountable topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Codazzi-Mainardi equations, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item codimension, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item coefficient of determination, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item coefficients, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item cofactor, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item cofactor matrix, \hyperpage{15}
+  \item Cofinite topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item collineation, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item column rank, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item Combinations with repetition, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item Combinations without repetition, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item communicate, \hyperpage{320}
+  \item commutative, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item compact, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item compact operator, \hyperpage{307}
+  \item Compact space, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item compact subset, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item compact support, \hyperpage{79}
+  \item compactness, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item Comparison test, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{80}, 
+		\hyperpage{183}
+  \item compatibility condition, \hyperpage{273}
+  \item compatible, \hyperpage{149}, \hyperpage{158}
+  \item compatible with, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item complement, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item Complementary property, \hyperpage{52}
+  \item complementary subspace, \hyperpage{17}
+  \item complete, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{300}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item complete graph, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Complete pivoting, \hyperpage{102}
+  \item complex conjugate, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item complex cosecant, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex cosine, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item complex cotangent, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex exponential function, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item complex function, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item complex hyperbolic cosecant, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex hyperbolic cosine, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex hyperbolic cotangent, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex hyperbolic secant, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex hyperbolic sine, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex hyperbolic tangent, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex natural logarithm, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item complex power series, \hyperpage{107}
+  \item complex random variable, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item complex secant, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item complex sine, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item complex tangent, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item Composite Simpson's rule, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Composite Trapezoidal rule, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item composition, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item compositum, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item Compound probability formula, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item computational efficiency, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item concave, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item Condensation test, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item condition number, \hyperpage{99}
+  \item conditional consistency, \hyperpage{269}
+  \item conditional expectation, \hyperpage{186}
+  \item conditional expectation of $X$ given $\mathcal  {G}$, 
+		\hyperpage{336}
+  \item conditional expectation of $X$ given $Y$, \hyperpage{337}
+  \item conditional law of $X$ given $Y$, \hyperpage{337}
+  \item conditional probability, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item conditional probability density function, \hyperpage{182}
+  \item conditional probability mass function, \hyperpage{182}
+  \item conditionally absolutely stable, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item conditionally convergent, \hyperpage{269}
+  \item cone, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item confidence band, \hyperpage{254}
+  \item Confidence interval for the average response, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item Confidence interval for the predicted value, \hyperpage{254}
+  \item confidence intervals, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item confidence level, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item confidence region, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item configuration, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item conformal, \hyperpage{119}, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item conformal representation, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item Congruence axioms, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item congruence relation, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item conic, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item conjugacy, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item conjugate, \hyperpage{104}, \hyperpage{132}, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item conjugate dynamical systems, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item Conjugate gradient method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item conjugate Poisson kernel, \hyperpage{248}
+  \item conjugation action, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item connected, \hyperpage{50}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item connected components, \hyperpage{50}, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item Connected space, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item connected subset, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item Connected sum, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item connected sum, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item Connected sum of surfaces, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item Conservation of energy, \hyperpage{282}
+  \item conservative, \hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{328}
+  \item consistency condition, \hyperpage{333}
+  \item consistent, \hyperpage{259}, \hyperpage{262}, \hyperpage{269}
+  \item consistent estimator in $L^2$, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item constant coefficients, \hyperpage{122}, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item constant term, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item constructible field, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Construction of a non-Paschian geometry, \hyperpage{65}
+  \item Construction of a non-SAS geometry, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item contact, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item contact of order $\geq n$ at $a$, \hyperpage{31}
+  \item Continuity axioms, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Continuity correction, \hyperpage{192}
+  \item continuity correction, \hyperpage{192}
+  \item Continuity from above, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item Continuity from below, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item continuous, \hyperpage{28}, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{106}, 
+		\hyperpage{130}
+  \item continuous at $x_0$, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item Continuous equation, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item continuous equation, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Continuous function, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item Continuous memorylessness property, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item Continuous uniform distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item continuous uniform distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item continuous-time Markov chain, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item contractible, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item contraction, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item contrast matrix, \hyperpage{201}
+  \item converge in mean, \hyperpage{298}
+  \item converge in norm $L^p$, \hyperpage{87}
+  \item convergent, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{76}, 
+		\hyperpage{79}, \hyperpage{98}, \hyperpage{105, 106}, 
+		\hyperpage{117}, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item convergent series, \hyperpage{300}
+  \item converges, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item converges absolutely, \hyperpage{80}
+  \item converges almost surely, \hyperpage{188}
+  \item converges in distribution, \hyperpage{190}
+  \item converges in probability, \hyperpage{187}
+  \item converges in the $p$-th mean, \hyperpage{189}
+  \item converges pointwise, \hyperpage{77, 78}, \hyperpage{106, 107}
+  \item converges uniformly, \hyperpage{77, 78}, \hyperpage{106, 107}
+  \item convex, \hyperpage{30}, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item convex functional, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item convolution, \hyperpage{79}, \hyperpage{240}, \hyperpage{244}
+  \item Cook's distance, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item coordinate chart, \hyperpage{147}, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item coordinates, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item Coordination theorem, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item coprime, \hyperpage{10, 11}
+  \item corrected sample variance, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item correlation coefficient, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item Correspondence theorem, \hyperpage{40}, \hyperpage{44}
+  \item countable, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item Countable subadditivity, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition, \hyperpage{270}
+  \item Covariance, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item covariance, \hyperpage{185}, \hyperpage{249}
+  \item covariance function, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item covariance matrix, \hyperpage{181}, \hyperpage{196}, 
+		\hyperpage{249}
+  \item covariant derivative, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item Cover, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item cover, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item Cramér-Rao bound, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item Crank-Nicolson, \hyperpage{272}
+  \item Crank-Nicolson scheme, \hyperpage{272}, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item credible interval, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item credible region, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item critical point, \hyperpage{57}, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item critical region, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item cross product, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item Cross ratio, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item cross ratio, \hyperpage{69}, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item cubic convergence, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item Cubic Hermite spline, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item Cubic periodic spline, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item cubic polynomial, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item cubic splines, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item Cumulative distribution function, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item cumulative distribution function, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item curl, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item Curl theorem, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item curvature, \hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item cusp, \hyperpage{224}
+  \item cycle, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item cyclic, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item cyclic group, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item cyclotomic, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item càd, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item càdlàg, \hyperpage{176}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item D'Alembert formula, \hyperpage{139}, \hyperpage{280}
-  \item D'Alembert theorem, \hyperpage{11}
-  \item Dahlquist's theorem, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item damping parameter, \hyperpage{262}
-  \item Darboux theorem, \hyperpage{137}
-  \item Darboux's theorem, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item De Moivre's formula, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item De Moivre-Laplace theorem, \hyperpage{191}
-  \item De Morgan's laws, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item decreasing, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item Dedekind's lemma, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item Dedekind's test, \hyperpage{106}
-  \item Degenerated distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item degenerated distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item degree, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{44}, \hyperpage{134}, 
-		\hyperpage{154}, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item degree of a vertex, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item degree of precision, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item degree sequence, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Dehomogenization, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item dehomogenization, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item Delta method, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item dense, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item density, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item density function, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item D'Alembert formula, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{281}
+  \item D'Alembert theorem, \hyperpage{12}
+  \item Dahlquist's theorem, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item damping parameter, \hyperpage{263}
+  \item Darboux theorem, \hyperpage{138}
+  \item Darboux's theorem, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item De Moivre's formula, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item De Moivre-Laplace theorem, \hyperpage{192}
+  \item De Morgan's laws, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item decreasing, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item Dedekind's lemma, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item Dedekind's test, \hyperpage{107}
+  \item Degenerated distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item degenerated distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item degree, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{45}, \hyperpage{135}, 
+		\hyperpage{155}, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item degree of a vertex, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item degree of precision, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item degree sequence, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Dehomogenization, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item dehomogenization, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item Delta method, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item dense, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item density, \hyperpage{278}, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item density function, \hyperpage{178}
   \item Dependence on $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {\lambda }}$, 
-		\hyperpage{128}
-  \item Dependence on $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {x}}_0$, \hyperpage{128}
-  \item Dependence on $t_0$, \hyperpage{128}
-  \item depressed equation, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item derivative of $f$ at $x_0$, \hyperpage{28}
-  \item derivative of $f$ at $z_0$, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item Desargues configuration, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item Desargues' theorem, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item Descartes' rule of signs, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{91}
-  \item descent direction, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item Descent method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item descent method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item design matrix, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item Determinant, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item determinant, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item determination, \hyperpage{109}
-  \item determination of the argument of $f$, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item determination of the logarithm, \hyperpage{109}
-  \item determined and consistent, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item developable, \hyperpage{150}
-  \item dextrorotation, \hyperpage{144}
-  \item DFT, \hyperpage{238}
-  \item diagonal, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item diagonalizable, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item Diagonalization theorem, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item dicyclic group, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item diffeomorphism, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item Differentiability criterion, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item differentiable, \hyperpage{28}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{146}, 
-		\hyperpage{151}, \hyperpage{153}, \hyperpage{155, 156}
-  \item differentiable at $x_0\in (a,b)$, \hyperpage{28}
-  \item differentiable manifold, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item differential, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{69}, \hyperpage{109}, 
-		\hyperpage{147}, \hyperpage{154}, \hyperpage{156}
-  \item differential $\ell $-form, \hyperpage{155}
-  \item differential $k$-form, \hyperpage{154}
-  \item differential 1-form, \hyperpage{61}
-  \item differential operator over distributions, \hyperpage{244}
-  \item differential system, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item differentiation operator, \hyperpage{284}
-  \item diffusion coefficient, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Diffusion equation, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item diffusion flux, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item diffusivity, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item digital topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item dihedral group, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item dilatation, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item dimension, \hyperpage{15}, \hyperpage{65}, \hyperpage{68}, 
-		\hyperpage{192}
-  \item Dini's theorem, \hyperpage{84}, \hyperpage{233}
-  \item Dirac's $\delta $ distribution, \hyperpage{240}, 
-		\hyperpage{284}
-  \item direct, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item direct product, \hyperpage{243}
-  \item Direct sum, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item directional derivative, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item director subspace, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item Dirichlet, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Dirichlet kernel, \hyperpage{83}, \hyperpage{232}
-  \item Dirichlet problem, \hyperpage{139}, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item Dirichlet problem in the disc, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item Dirichlet's principle, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item Dirichlet's test, \hyperpage{76, 77}, \hyperpage{79}, 
-		\hyperpage{106}
-  \item disconnected, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item Discontinuity of the first kind, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item Discontinuity of the second kind, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item discrete, \hyperpage{129}, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item discrete $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{171}
-  \item discrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{238}
-  \item discrete laplacian, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item discrete map of order $m$, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item Discrete maximum principle, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Discrete memorylessness property, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item discrete metric, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item Discrete minimum principle, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Discrete topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item Discrete uniform distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item discrete uniform distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item discriminant, \hyperpage{168}
-  \item displacement current, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item distance, \hyperpage{52}, \hyperpage{81}, \hyperpage{204}, 
-		\hyperpage{299}
-  \item distance between two affine subvarieties, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item distance between two points, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item Distribution, \hyperpage{239}, \hyperpage{284}
-  \item distribution, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{179}, \hyperpage{239}, 
-		\hyperpage{284}
-  \item distribution functions, \hyperpage{175}
+		\hyperpage{129}
+  \item Dependence on $\boldsymbol  {\mathrm  {x}}_0$, \hyperpage{129}
+  \item Dependence on $t_0$, \hyperpage{129}
+  \item depressed equation, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item derivative of $f$ at $x_0$, \hyperpage{29}
+  \item derivative of $f$ at $z_0$, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item Desargues configuration, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item Desargues' theorem, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item Descartes' rule of signs, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{92}
+  \item descent direction, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item Descent method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item descent method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item design matrix, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item Determinant, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item determinant, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item determination, \hyperpage{110}
+  \item determination of the argument of $f$, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item determination of the logarithm, \hyperpage{110}
+  \item determined and consistent, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item developable, \hyperpage{151}
+  \item dextrorotation, \hyperpage{145}
+  \item DFT, \hyperpage{239}
+  \item diagonal, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item diagonalizable, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item Diagonalization theorem, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item dicyclic group, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item diffeomorphism, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item Differentiability criterion, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item differentiable, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{147}, 
+		\hyperpage{152}, \hyperpage{154}, \hyperpage{156, 157}
+  \item differentiable at $x_0\in (a,b)$, \hyperpage{29}
+  \item differentiable manifold, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item differential, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{70}, \hyperpage{110}, 
+		\hyperpage{148}, \hyperpage{155}, \hyperpage{157}
+  \item differential $\ell $-form, \hyperpage{156}
+  \item differential $k$-form, \hyperpage{155}
+  \item differential 1-form, \hyperpage{62}
+  \item differential operator over distributions, \hyperpage{245}
+  \item differential system, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item differentiation operator, \hyperpage{285}
+  \item diffusion coefficient, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Diffusion equation, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item diffusion flux, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item diffusivity, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item digital topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item dihedral group, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item dilatation, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item dimension, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{66}, \hyperpage{69}, 
+		\hyperpage{193}
+  \item Dini's theorem, \hyperpage{85}, \hyperpage{234}
+  \item Dirac's $\delta $ distribution, \hyperpage{241}, 
+		\hyperpage{285}
+  \item direct, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item direct product, \hyperpage{245}
+  \item Direct sum, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item directional derivative, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item director subspace, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item Dirichlet, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Dirichlet kernel, \hyperpage{84}, \hyperpage{233}
+  \item Dirichlet problem, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item Dirichlet problem in the disc, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item Dirichlet's principle, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item Dirichlet's test, \hyperpage{77, 78}, \hyperpage{80}, 
+		\hyperpage{107}
+  \item disconnected, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item Discontinuity of the first kind, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item Discontinuity of the second kind, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item discrete, \hyperpage{130}, \hyperpage{176}, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item discrete $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{172}
+  \item discrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{239}
+  \item discrete laplacian, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item discrete map of order $m$, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item Discrete maximum principle, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Discrete memorylessness property, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item discrete metric, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item Discrete minimum principle, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Discrete topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Discrete uniform distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item discrete uniform distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item discriminant, \hyperpage{169}
+  \item displacement current, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item distance, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{82}, \hyperpage{205}, 
+		\hyperpage{300}
+  \item distance between two affine subvarieties, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item distance between two points, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item Distribution, \hyperpage{240}, \hyperpage{285}
+  \item distribution, \hyperpage{176}, \hyperpage{180}, \hyperpage{240}, 
+		\hyperpage{285}
+  \item distribution functions, \hyperpage{176}
   \item distribution of order $N\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {N}}\cup \{0\}$, 
-		\hyperpage{240}
-  \item distributional derivative, \hyperpage{241}, \hyperpage{284}
-  \item divergence, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item Divergence theorem, \hyperpage{159}
+		\hyperpage{241}
+  \item distributional derivative, \hyperpage{242}, \hyperpage{285}
+  \item divergence, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item Divergence theorem, \hyperpage{160}
   \item Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^2$, 
-		\hyperpage{61}
+		\hyperpage{62}
   \item Divergence theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^3$, 
-		\hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item divergent, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{75}, \hyperpage{104, 105}
-  \item divided difference, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item domain, \hyperpage{114}, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item dominant eigenvalue, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item dominant eigenvector, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item Dominated convergence theorem, \hyperpage{183}, \hyperpage{188}, 
-		\hyperpage{296}
-  \item dot product, \hyperpage{52}
-  \item double, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item Double dual space, \hyperpage{18}
-  \item double dual space, \hyperpage{18}
-  \item Du Bois-Reymond's test, \hyperpage{106}
-  \item Du-Fort-Frankel scheme, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item dual basis, \hyperpage{18}
-  \item Dual map, \hyperpage{18}
-  \item dual map, \hyperpage{18}, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item dual program, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item dual space, \hyperpage{18}, \hyperpage{306}
-  \item Duality principle, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item Duhamel principle, \hyperpage{286}
-  \item dummy variable, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item dyadic partition of order $n$, \hyperpage{182}
-  \item dynamical system, \hyperpage{129}
+		\hyperpage{62}, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item divergent, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{105, 106}
+  \item divided difference, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item domain, \hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item dominant eigenvalue, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item dominant eigenvector, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item Dominated convergence theorem, \hyperpage{184}, \hyperpage{189}, 
+		\hyperpage{297}, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item dot product, \hyperpage{53}
+  \item double, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item Double dual space, \hyperpage{19}
+  \item double dual space, \hyperpage{19}
+  \item Du Bois-Reymond's test, \hyperpage{107}
+  \item Du-Fort-Frankel scheme, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item dual basis, \hyperpage{19}
+  \item Dual map, \hyperpage{19}
+  \item dual map, \hyperpage{19}, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item dual program, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item dual space, \hyperpage{19}, \hyperpage{307}
+  \item Duality principle, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item Duhamel principle, \hyperpage{287}
+  \item dummy variable, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item dyadic partition of order $n$, \hyperpage{183}
+  \item dynamical system, \hyperpage{130}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item edges, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item efficient estimator, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item eigenspace, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item eigenvalue, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item eigenvector, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item eigenvectors, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item Eikonal equation, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Eisenstein's criterion, \hyperpage{44}, \hyperpage{46}
-  \item either $P$ or $Q$ are true, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item elastodynamics, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item elementary region, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item elementary symmetric polynomials, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item elliptic, \hyperpage{73}, \hyperpage{272}
-  \item elliptic equation, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item elliptic point, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item elliptic sector, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item embedded methods, \hyperpage{259}
-  \item empirical distribution, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item empty set, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item energy functional, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item entire function, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item Entropy, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item entropy, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item Entropy condition, \hyperpage{279}
-  \item envelope, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item equal, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item equal almost surely, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item equal in distribution, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item equally-spaced, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item equation of the hyperplane, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item equicontinuous, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item equicontinuous at a point, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item equilibrium point, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item equiprobable space, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item equivalence, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item equivalence class, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{16}
-  \item equivalence relation, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item equivalent, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{22}, 
-		\hyperpage{72}, \hyperpage{129}, \hyperpage{131}, 
-		\hyperpage{305}
-  \item equivalent dynamical systems, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item Ergotic theorem, \hyperpage{323, 324}
-  \item error of type I, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item error of type II, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item error sum of squares, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item Essential singularity, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item essential singularity, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item estimated average response, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item estimation of the prediction, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item estimator, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item Euclid's axioms, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Euclid's theorem, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item Euclidean, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Euclidean affine space, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item Euclidean metric, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item Euclidean motion, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item Euclidean plane, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Euclidean space, \hyperpage{52}
-  \item Euclidean vector space, \hyperpage{23}
-  \item Euclidian division, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Euler characteristic, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item Euler method, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item Euler theorem, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item Euler's formula, \hyperpage{107}, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item Euler's theorem, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Euler's totient function, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Euler-Maclaurin formula, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Eulerian, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item Eulerian circuit, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item Eulerian trail, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item evaluation, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item even extension, \hyperpage{83}
-  \item even periodic extension, \hyperpage{282}
-  \item event, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item evolute, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item exact, \hyperpage{155}
-  \item Examples of Euclidean motions, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item Excluded point topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item Existence of orthogonal polynomials, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Existence of the splitting field, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item exists and it is finite, \hyperpage{297}
-  \item Expansive fixed point theorem, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item Expectation, \hyperpage{182}
-  \item expectation, \hyperpage{177}, \hyperpage{181--183}, 
-		\hyperpage{248}
-  \item explicit, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item explicit Euler method, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item explicit form, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item Explicit scheme in finite differences, \hyperpage{285}
-  \item exponent, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item exponential, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item Exponential distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item exponential distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item exponential factor, \hyperpage{137}
-  \item exponential function with base $a$, \hyperpage{28}
-  \item exponential generating function, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item exponential series, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item extended complex plane, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item extended real numbers, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item extension, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item exterior, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item exterior angle, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item Exterior angle theorem, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item exterior differential, \hyperpage{155, 156}
-  \item exterior point, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item exterior product, \hyperpage{154}
-  \item exterior vectors, \hyperpage{156}
-  \item externally studentized residuals, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item edges, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item efficient estimator, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item eigenspace, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item eigenvalue, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item eigenvector, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item eigenvectors, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item Eikonal equation, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Eisenstein's criterion, \hyperpage{45}, \hyperpage{47}
+  \item either $P$ or $Q$ are true, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item elastodynamics, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item elementary region, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item elementary symmetric polynomials, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item elliptic, \hyperpage{74}, \hyperpage{273}
+  \item elliptic equation, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item elliptic point, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item elliptic sector, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item embedded methods, \hyperpage{260}
+  \item empirical distribution, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item empty set, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item energy functional, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item entire function, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item Entropy, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item entropy, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item Entropy condition, \hyperpage{280}
+  \item envelope, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item equal, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item equal almost surely, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item equal in distribution, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item equally-spaced, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item equation of the hyperplane, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item equicontinuous, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item equicontinuous at a point, \hyperpage{125}, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item equilibrium point, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item equiprobable space, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item equivalence, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item equivalence class, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{17}
+  \item equivalence relation, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item equivalent, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{23}, 
+		\hyperpage{73}, \hyperpage{130}, \hyperpage{132}, 
+		\hyperpage{306}
+  \item equivalent dynamical systems, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item Ergotic theorem, \hyperpage{324, 325}
+  \item error of type I, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item error of type II, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item error sum of squares, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item Essential singularity, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item essential singularity, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item estimated average response, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item estimation of the prediction, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item estimator, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item Euclid's axioms, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Euclid's theorem, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item Euclidean, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Euclidean affine space, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item Euclidean metric, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item Euclidean motion, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item Euclidean plane, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Euclidean space, \hyperpage{53}
+  \item Euclidean vector space, \hyperpage{24}
+  \item Euclidian division, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Euler characteristic, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item Euler method, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item Euler theorem, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item Euler's formula, \hyperpage{108}, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item Euler's theorem, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Euler's totient function, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Euler-Maclaurin formula, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Eulerian, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item Eulerian circuit, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item Eulerian trail, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item evaluation, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item even extension, \hyperpage{84}
+  \item even periodic extension, \hyperpage{283}
+  \item event, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item events, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item evolute, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item exact, \hyperpage{156}
+  \item Examples of Euclidean motions, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item Excluded point topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Existence of orthogonal polynomials, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Existence of the splitting field, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item exists and it is finite, \hyperpage{298}
+  \item Expansive fixed point theorem, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item Expectation, \hyperpage{183}, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item expectation, \hyperpage{178}, \hyperpage{182--184}, 
+		\hyperpage{249}
+  \item expectation of $X$, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item explicit, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item explicit Euler method, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item explicit form, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item Explicit scheme in finite differences, \hyperpage{286}
+  \item exponent, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item exponential, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item Exponential distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item exponential distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item exponential factor, \hyperpage{138}
+  \item exponential function with base $a$, \hyperpage{29}
+  \item exponential generating function, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item exponential series, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item extended complex plane, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item extended real numbers, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item extension, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item exterior, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item exterior angle, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item Exterior angle theorem, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item exterior differential, \hyperpage{156, 157}
+  \item exterior point, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item exterior product, \hyperpage{155}
+  \item exterior vectors, \hyperpage{157}
+  \item externally studentized residuals, \hyperpage{254}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item failure, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item false, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item Fano configuration, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item fast Fourier transform, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Fatou's lemma, \hyperpage{183}, \hyperpage{296}
-  \item feasible region, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item feasible solution, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item Fejér kernel, \hyperpage{84}, \hyperpage{233}
-  \item Fejér mean, \hyperpage{233}
-  \item Fejér means, \hyperpage{85}
-  \item Fejér's theorem, \hyperpage{85}
-  \item FEM, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item Fermat's little theorem, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Fermat's principle, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item FFT, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Fick's law, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Fick's law of diffusion, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Field, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item field, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item field extension, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item field morphism, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item field of complex numbers, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item field of fractions, \hyperpage{45}, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item field of rational functions, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item filtration, \hyperpage{320}
-  \item filtration space, \hyperpage{320}
-  \item finer, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item finer than, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item finite, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{163}, 
-		\hyperpage{212}, \hyperpage{293}
-  \item finite $k$-th moment, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item finite difference method, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item finite difference scheme, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item finite element method, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item finite expectation, \hyperpage{181--183}
-  \item Finite field, \hyperpage{165}
-  \item finite field, \hyperpage{165}
-  \item finite moment of order $k$, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item Finite subadditivity, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item Finite-dimensional distributions, \hyperpage{332}
-  \item finite-dimensional distributions, \hyperpage{332}
-  \item finite-rank operator, \hyperpage{306}
-  \item finitely generated, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item first and second characteristic polynomials, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item First Borel-Cantelli lemma, \hyperpage{187}
-  \item first fundamental form, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item first integral, \hyperpage{133}, \hyperpage{153}
-  \item First isomorphism theorem, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{38}, 
-		\hyperpage{43}
-  \item First Sylow theorem, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item Fisher information, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item Fisher's theorem, \hyperpage{196}
-  \item Fisher-Neyman factorization theorem, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item fixed field, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item fixed point, \hyperpage{70}, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item Fixed-point theorem, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item flat, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item Floating-point representation, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item floating-point representation, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item floating-point representation by rounding, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item floating-point representation by truncation, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item flow, \hyperpage{127}, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item Flow box theorem, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item flow of the linear ode, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item flux, \hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item Formal derivative, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item formal derivative, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item failure, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item false, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item Fano configuration, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item fast Fourier transform, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Fatou's lemma, \hyperpage{184}, \hyperpage{297}, 
+		\hyperpage{335}
+  \item feasible region, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item feasible solution, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item Fejér kernel, \hyperpage{85}, \hyperpage{234}
+  \item Fejér mean, \hyperpage{234}
+  \item Fejér means, \hyperpage{86}
+  \item Fejér's theorem, \hyperpage{86}
+  \item FEM, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item Fermat's little theorem, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Fermat's principle, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item FFT, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Fick's law, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Fick's law of diffusion, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Field, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item field, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item field extension, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item field morphism, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item field of complex numbers, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item field of fractions, \hyperpage{46}, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item field of rational functions, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item filtration, \hyperpage{321}
+  \item filtration space, \hyperpage{321}
+  \item finer, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item finer than, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item finite, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{164}, 
+		\hyperpage{213}, \hyperpage{294}
+  \item finite $k$-th moment, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item finite difference method, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item finite difference scheme, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item finite element method, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item finite expectation, \hyperpage{182--184}
+  \item Finite field, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item finite field, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item finite moment of order $k$, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item Finite subadditivity, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item Finite-dimensional distributions, \hyperpage{333}
+  \item finite-dimensional distributions, \hyperpage{333}
+  \item finite-rank operator, \hyperpage{307}
+  \item finitely generated, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item first and second characteristic polynomials, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item First Borel-Cantelli lemma, \hyperpage{188}
+  \item first fundamental form, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item first integral, \hyperpage{134}, \hyperpage{154}
+  \item First isomorphism theorem, \hyperpage{18}, \hyperpage{39}, 
+		\hyperpage{44}
+  \item First Sylow theorem, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item Fisher information, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item Fisher's theorem, \hyperpage{197}
+  \item Fisher-Neyman factorization theorem, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item fixed field, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item fixed point, \hyperpage{71}, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item Fixed-point theorem, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item flat, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item Floating-point representation, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item floating-point representation, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item floating-point representation by rounding, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item floating-point representation by truncation, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item flow, \hyperpage{128}, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item Flow box theorem, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item flow of the linear ode, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item flux, \hyperpage{62}, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item Formal derivative, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item formal derivative, \hyperpage{167}
   \item Forward and backward difference formula of order 1, 
-		\hyperpage{93}
-  \item forward Euler method, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item Forward-time backward-space, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item Forward-time central-space, \hyperpage{267}, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Forward-time forward-space, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item Fourier coefficients, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item Fourier series, \hyperpage{82}, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item Fourier transform, \hyperpage{230}, \hyperpage{236}, 
-		\hyperpage{243}, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item Fourier transform operator, \hyperpage{231}
-  \item Fourier's law, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Fredholm alternative, \hyperpage{313}
-  \item Fredholm operator with kernel $K$, \hyperpage{306}
-  \item free variables, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item Frenet-Serret formulas, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item Frenet-Serret frame, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item Fresnel integrals, \hyperpage{112}
-  \item Frobenius endomorphism, \hyperpage{165}
-  \item Fréchet, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item FTBS, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item FTCS, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item FTFS, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item Fubini's theorem, \hyperpage{58}, \hyperpage{174}, 
-		\hyperpage{299}
-  \item Fubini's theorem for elementary regions, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item full QR decomposition, \hyperpage{266}
-  \item function, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item functionally independent, \hyperpage{133}
-  \item Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations, \hyperpage{239}, 
-		\hyperpage{278}
-  \item fundamental matrix solution, \hyperpage{126}
-  \item fundamental polygon of the surface, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item fundamental solution, \hyperpage{244}, \hyperpage{284}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of affine geometry, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of algebra, \hyperpage{44}, \hyperpage{113}, 
-		\hyperpage{169}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of arithmetic, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of calculus, \hyperpage{32}, 
-		\hyperpage{297}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of curves, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of Galois theory, \hyperpage{168}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of projective geometry, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item Fundamental theorem of symmetric polynomials, \hyperpage{163}
+		\hyperpage{94}
+  \item forward Euler method, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item Forward-time backward-space, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item Forward-time central-space, \hyperpage{268}, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Forward-time forward-space, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item Fourier coefficients, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item Fourier series, \hyperpage{83}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item Fourier transform, \hyperpage{231}, \hyperpage{237}, 
+		\hyperpage{244}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item Fourier transform operator, \hyperpage{232}
+  \item Fourier's law, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Fredholm alternative, \hyperpage{314}
+  \item Fredholm operator with kernel $K$, \hyperpage{307}
+  \item free variables, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item Frenet-Serret formulas, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item Frenet-Serret frame, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item Fresnel integrals, \hyperpage{113}
+  \item Frobenius endomorphism, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item Fréchet, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item FTBS, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item FTCS, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item FTFS, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item Fubini, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item Fubini's theorem, \hyperpage{59}, \hyperpage{175}, 
+		\hyperpage{300}
+  \item Fubini's theorem for elementary regions, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item full QR decomposition, \hyperpage{267}
+  \item function, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item functionally independent, \hyperpage{134}
+  \item Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations, \hyperpage{240}, 
+		\hyperpage{279}
+  \item fundamental matrix solution, \hyperpage{127}
+  \item fundamental polygon of the surface, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item fundamental solution, \hyperpage{245, 246}, \hyperpage{285}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of affine geometry, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of algebra, \hyperpage{45}, \hyperpage{114}, 
+		\hyperpage{170}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of arithmetic, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of calculus, \hyperpage{33}, 
+		\hyperpage{298}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of curves, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of Galois theory, \hyperpage{169}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of projective geometry, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item Fundamental theorem of symmetric polynomials, \hyperpage{164}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Galerkin approximation, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item Galois, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item Galois extension, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item Galois group, \hyperpage{165}
-  \item Gambler's ruin problem, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item Gamma distribution, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item gamma distribution, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item Gamma function, \hyperpage{80}
-  \item Gau\ss ' law, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Gau\ss ' law for magnetism, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item Gau\ss ' lemma, \hyperpage{46}
-  \item Gau\ss ' theorem, \hyperpage{9, 10}, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item Gau\ss ' Theorema Egregium, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item Gau\ss -Markov, \hyperpage{250}
-  \item Gau\ss -Seidel method, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item Gau\ss \ curvature, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item Gau\ss \ equations, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item Gau\ss \ map, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item Gau\ss ian integers, \hyperpage{46}
-  \item Gaussian elimination, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item gaussian process, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item gaussian vector, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item General Cauchy's integral formula, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item Galerkin approximation, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item Galois, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item Galois extension, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item Galois group, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item Gambler's ruin problem, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item Gamma distribution, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item gamma distribution, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item Gamma function, \hyperpage{81}
+  \item Gau\ss ' law, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Gau\ss ' law for magnetism, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item Gau\ss ' lemma, \hyperpage{47}
+  \item Gau\ss ' theorem, \hyperpage{10, 11}, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item Gau\ss ' Theorema Egregium, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item Gau\ss -Markov, \hyperpage{251}
+  \item Gau\ss -Seidel method, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item Gau\ss \ curvature, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item Gau\ss \ equations, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item Gau\ss \ map, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item Gau\ss ian integers, \hyperpage{47}
+  \item Gaussian elimination, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item gaussian process, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item gaussian vector, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item General Cauchy's integral formula, \hyperpage{115}
   \item General Cauchy's integral formula for derivatives, 
-		\hyperpage{115}
-  \item General Eisenstein's criterion, \hyperpage{44}
-  \item General Frenet-Serret formulas, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item General linear model, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item general solution of the ode, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item general term of the series, \hyperpage{75}, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item Generalized argument principle, \hyperpage{117}
-  \item Generalized Bendixson-Dulac theorem, \hyperpage{136}
-  \item Generalized compound probability formula, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item generalized eigenspace, \hyperpage{127}
-  \item generalized eigenvector, \hyperpage{127}
-  \item generalized heat kernel, \hyperpage{285}
-  \item Generalized Hölder's inequality, \hyperpage{235}
-  \item generalized solution, \hyperpage{244}
-  \item generating set, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item generator tree, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item generatrix, \hyperpage{146}
-  \item genus $g$ orientable surface, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item genus $h$ non-orientable surface, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item geodesic, \hyperpage{152}
-  \item geodesic curvature, \hyperpage{152}
-  \item Geometric distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item geometric distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item geometric multiplicity, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item Gershgorin circle theorem, \hyperpage{91}
-  \item Glide orthogonal reflections, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item glide reflection, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item glide vector, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item Global Gau\ss -Bonnet theorem, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item global maximum, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item global minimum, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item global stable manifold, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item global truncation error, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item global unstable manifold, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item Goodness of fit, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item Goursat's theorem, \hyperpage{111}
-  \item Gra\ss mann formula, \hyperpage{15}, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item gradient, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item Gradient descent, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item gradient vector field, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item Gram-Schmidt process, \hyperpage{22}, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item graph, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item Graph of a function, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item Great Picard's theorem, \hyperpage{117}
-  \item greatest common divisor, \hyperpage{9}, \hyperpage{45}
-  \item greatest element, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item Green identities, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Green's formula, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item Green's theorem, \hyperpage{61}
-  \item grid, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item Group, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item group, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item Group morphism, \hyperpage{37}
-  \item group morphism, \hyperpage{37}
-  \item Grönwall's lemma, \hyperpage{128}
+		\hyperpage{116}
+  \item General Eisenstein's criterion, \hyperpage{45}
+  \item General Frenet-Serret formulas, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item General linear model, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item general solution of the ode, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item general term of the series, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item Generalized argument principle, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item Generalized Bendixson-Dulac theorem, \hyperpage{137}
+  \item Generalized compound probability formula, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item generalized eigenspace, \hyperpage{128}
+  \item generalized eigenvector, \hyperpage{128}
+  \item generalized heat kernel, \hyperpage{286}
+  \item Generalized Hölder's inequality, \hyperpage{237}
+  \item generalized solution, \hyperpage{245}
+  \item generating set, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item generator tree, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item generatrix, \hyperpage{147}
+  \item genus $g$ orientable surface, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item genus $h$ non-orientable surface, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item geodesic, \hyperpage{153}
+  \item geodesic curvature, \hyperpage{153}
+  \item Geometric distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item geometric distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item geometric multiplicity, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item Gershgorin circle theorem, \hyperpage{92}
+  \item Glide orthogonal reflections, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item glide reflection, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item glide vector, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item Global Gau\ss -Bonnet theorem, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item global maximum, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item global minimum, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item global stable manifold, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item global truncation error, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item global unstable manifold, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item Goodness of fit, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item Goursat's theorem, \hyperpage{112}
+  \item Gra\ss mann formula, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item gradient, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item Gradient descent, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item gradient vector field, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item Gram-Schmidt process, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item graph, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item Graph of a function, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item Great Picard's theorem, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item greatest common divisor, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{46}
+  \item greatest element, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item Green identities, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Green's formula, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item Green's theorem, \hyperpage{62}
+  \item grid, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item Group, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item group, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item Group morphism, \hyperpage{38}
+  \item group morphism, \hyperpage{38}
+  \item Grönwall's lemma, \hyperpage{129}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Hahn-Banach theorem, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item half-line, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item half-plane, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Hamilton-Jacobi equation, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Hamiltonian, \hyperpage{133}
-  \item Hamiltonian system, \hyperpage{133}
-  \item Handshaking lemma, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Hardy-Littlewood maximal function, \hyperpage{297}
-  \item harmonic, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item harmonic ratio, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item Hartman-Grobman theorem, \hyperpage{133}, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item has $t$ correct decimal digits, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item has $u$ significant digits, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item Hausdorff, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item Heat equation, \hyperpage{139}, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item heat equation, \hyperpage{139}
-  \item heat flux, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item heat kernel, \hyperpage{284}
-  \item Heaviside step function, \hyperpage{241}, \hyperpage{284}
-  \item Heine's theorem, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item Heine-Borel theorem, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item Hermite interpolation problem, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item Hermite reduction method, \hyperpage{34}
-  \item Hessian matrix, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item heteroclinic orbit, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item Heun method, \hyperpage{258}
-  \item high-leverage point, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item high-leverage points, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item highest posterior density, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item Hilbert basis, \hyperpage{311}
-  \item Hilbert field, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Hilbert plane, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Hilbert space, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item Hilbert transform, \hyperpage{246}
-  \item Hilbert's basis theorem, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item Hilbert's Nullstellensatz, \hyperpage{44}
-  \item Hilbert-Schmidt operator with kernel $K$, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item Hahn-Banach theorem, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item half-line, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item half-plane, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Hamilton-Jacobi equation, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Hamiltonian, \hyperpage{134}
+  \item Hamiltonian system, \hyperpage{134}
+  \item Handshaking lemma, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Hardy-Littlewood maximal function, \hyperpage{298}
+  \item harmonic, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item harmonic ratio, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item Hartman-Grobman theorem, \hyperpage{134}, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item has $t$ correct decimal digits, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item has $u$ significant digits, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item Hausdorff, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item Heat equation, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item heat equation, \hyperpage{140}
+  \item heat flux, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item heat kernel, \hyperpage{285}
+  \item Heaviside step function, \hyperpage{242}, \hyperpage{285}
+  \item Heine's theorem, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item Heine-Borel theorem, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item Hermite interpolation problem, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item Hermite reduction method, \hyperpage{35}
+  \item Hessian matrix, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item heteroclinic orbit, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item Heun method, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item high-leverage point, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item high-leverage points, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item highest posterior density, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item Hilbert basis, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item Hilbert field, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Hilbert plane, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Hilbert space, \hyperpage{311}
+  \item Hilbert transform, \hyperpage{247}
+  \item Hilbert's basis theorem, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item Hilbert's Nullstellensatz, \hyperpage{45}
+  \item Hilbert-Schmidt operator with kernel $K$, \hyperpage{307}
   \item Hilbert-Schmidt spectral representation theorem, 
-		\hyperpage{312}
-  \item holding times, \hyperpage{326}
-  \item holes, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item holomorphic, \hyperpage{108}
-  \item holomorphic differential equation, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item homeomorphic, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item homeomorphism, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item Homoclinic bifurcation, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item homoclinic bifurcation, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item homoclinic orbit, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item homogeneous, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{121}, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item homogeneous coordinates, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item Homogeneous distribution, \hyperpage{244}
-  \item homogeneous of degree $k$, \hyperpage{220}
+		\hyperpage{314}
+  \item holding times, \hyperpage{327}
+  \item holes, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item holomorphic, \hyperpage{109}
+  \item holomorphic differential equation, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item homeomorphic, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item homeomorphism, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item Homoclinic bifurcation, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item homoclinic bifurcation, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item homoclinic orbit, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item homogeneous, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{122}, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item homogeneous coordinates, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item Homogeneous distribution, \hyperpage{245}
+  \item homogeneous of degree $k$, \hyperpage{221}
   \item homogeneous of degree $r\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{244}
-  \item Homogenization, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item homogenization, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item homography, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item homologous to zero, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item Homotheties, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item homothety, \hyperpage{18}, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item homotopic, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item homotopy, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item Hopf bifurcation theorem, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item Hopf-bifurcation, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item Hurwitz's theorem, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item hyperbolic, \hyperpage{267}, \hyperpage{272}
-  \item hyperbolic critical point, \hyperpage{133}
-  \item hyperbolic equations, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Hyperbolic geometry, \hyperpage{64}
-  \item hyperbolic matrix, \hyperpage{133}
-  \item hyperbolic periodic orbit, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item hyperbolic plane, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item hyperbolic point, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item hyperbolic sector, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item Hypergeometric distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item hypergeometric distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item hyperplane, \hyperpage{66}, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item hypothesis, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item Hypothesis test, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item hypothesis test, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item Hölder condition, \hyperpage{246}
-  \item Hölder conjugates, \hyperpage{301}
-  \item Hölder's inequality, \hyperpage{301}
+		\hyperpage{245}
+  \item Homogenization, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item homogenization, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item homography, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item homologous to zero, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item Homotheties, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item homothety, \hyperpage{19}, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item homotopic, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item homotopy, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item Hopf bifurcation theorem, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item Hopf-bifurcation, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item Hurwitz's theorem, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item hyperbolic, \hyperpage{268}, \hyperpage{273}
+  \item hyperbolic critical point, \hyperpage{134}
+  \item hyperbolic equations, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Hyperbolic geometry, \hyperpage{65}
+  \item hyperbolic matrix, \hyperpage{134}
+  \item hyperbolic periodic orbit, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item hyperbolic plane, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item hyperbolic point, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item hyperbolic sector, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item Hypergeometric distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item hypergeometric distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item hyperplane, \hyperpage{67}, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item hypothesis, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item Hypothesis test, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item hypothesis test, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item Hölder condition, \hyperpage{247}
+  \item Hölder conjugates, \hyperpage{302}
+  \item Hölder's inequality, \hyperpage{302, 303}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item i.i.d., \hyperpage{180}
-  \item Ideal, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item ideal, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item idempotent, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item identifiable, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item ill-conditioned, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item image, \hyperpage{6}, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{37}, 
-		\hyperpage{114}
-  \item imaginary part, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item Immersion, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item immersion, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item implicit, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item implicit Euler method, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item implicit form, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item Implicit function theorem, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item Implicit scheme in finite differences, \hyperpage{285}
-  \item improper, \hyperpage{36}, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item improper integral, \hyperpage{78}
-  \item in perspective with respect to a line, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item in perspective with respect to a point, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item Incidence axioms, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item incidence relation, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item incident, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item incompressible flow, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item inconsistent, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item increasing, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{180}
-  \item increment, \hyperpage{180}
-  \item incremental function, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item independent, \hyperpage{133}, \hyperpage{180}, \hyperpage{315}
-  \item independent and identically distributed, \hyperpage{180}
-  \item independent events, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item independent increments, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item Independent samples with known variances, \hyperpage{197}
+  \item i.i.d., \hyperpage{181}
+  \item Ideal, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item ideal, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item idempotent, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item identifiable, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item ill-conditioned, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item image, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{38}, 
+		\hyperpage{115}
+  \item imaginary part, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item Immersion, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item immersion, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item implicit, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item implicit Euler method, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item implicit form, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item Implicit function theorem, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item Implicit scheme in finite differences, \hyperpage{286}
+  \item improper, \hyperpage{37}, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item improper integral, \hyperpage{79}
+  \item in perspective with respect to a line, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item in perspective with respect to a point, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item Incidence axioms, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item incidence relation, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item incident, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item incompressible flow, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item inconsistent, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item increasing, \hyperpage{28}, \hyperpage{181}
+  \item increment, \hyperpage{181}
+  \item incremental function, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item independent, \hyperpage{134}, \hyperpage{181}, \hyperpage{316}
+  \item independent and identically distributed, \hyperpage{181}
+  \item independent events, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item independent increments, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item Independent samples with known variances, \hyperpage{198}
   \item Independent samples with unknown equal variances, 
-		\hyperpage{197}
-  \item Independent samples with unknown variances, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item independent variable, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item indeterminate, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item index, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{38}, \hyperpage{73}, 
-		\hyperpage{112}, \hyperpage{114}, \hyperpage{137, 138}, 
-		\hyperpage{159}
-  \item indicator function, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item indistinguishable, \hyperpage{330}
-  \item induced subgraph, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Induction axiom, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item Inexact Newton method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item infimum, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item infinite, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item infinite order, \hyperpage{240}
-  \item infinite product topology, \hyperpage{208}
-  \item infinitesimal generator, \hyperpage{327}
-  \item infinitesimal transition scheme, \hyperpage{327}
-  \item inflection point, \hyperpage{30}
-  \item Information, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item information of an event, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item initial conditions, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item initial distribution, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item initial point, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item Initial value problem, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item initial value problem, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item initial values, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item injective, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item inner product, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{81}, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item integrable, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{181, 182}
-  \item integrable function, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item integrable function over $E$, \hyperpage{296}
-  \item integral, \hyperpage{110}, \hyperpage{157, 158}
-  \item integral curve, \hyperpage{153}
-  \item integral domain, \hyperpage{43}
-  \item Integral in cylindrical coordinates, \hyperpage{59}
-  \item Integral in polar coordinates, \hyperpage{59}
-  \item Integral in spherical coordinates, \hyperpage{59}
+		\hyperpage{198}
+  \item Independent samples with unknown variances, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item independent variable, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item indeterminate, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item index, \hyperpage{14}, \hyperpage{39}, \hyperpage{74}, 
+		\hyperpage{113}, \hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{138, 139}, 
+		\hyperpage{160}
+  \item indicator function, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item indistinguishable, \hyperpage{331}
+  \item induced subgraph, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Induction axiom, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item Inexact Newton method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item infimum, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item infinite, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item infinite order, \hyperpage{241}
+  \item infinite product topology, \hyperpage{209}
+  \item infinitesimal generator, \hyperpage{328}
+  \item infinitesimal transition scheme, \hyperpage{328}
+  \item inflection point, \hyperpage{31}
+  \item Information, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item information of an event, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item initial conditions, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item initial distribution, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item initial point, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item Initial value problem, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item initial value problem, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item initial values, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item injective, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item inner product, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{82}, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item integrable, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{182, 183}
+  \item integrable function, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item integrable function over $E$, \hyperpage{297}
+  \item integral, \hyperpage{111}, \hyperpage{158, 159}
+  \item integral curve, \hyperpage{154}
+  \item integral domain, \hyperpage{44}
+  \item Integral in cylindrical coordinates, \hyperpage{60}
+  \item Integral in polar coordinates, \hyperpage{60}
+  \item Integral in spherical coordinates, \hyperpage{60}
   \item integral of $f$ over $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$, 
-		\hyperpage{295}
-  \item integral of $f$ over $E$, \hyperpage{296}
+		\hyperpage{296}
+  \item integral of $f$ over $E$, \hyperpage{297}
   \item integral of $f$ over a measurable set $E\subseteq \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$, 
-		\hyperpage{295}
-  \item integral of $f$ over the region $R$, \hyperpage{147}
+		\hyperpage{296}
+  \item integral of $f$ over the region $R$, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item integral of $f$ with respect to $\mu $, \hyperpage{335}
   \item integral of $s$ over $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$, 
-		\hyperpage{294}
-  \item integral of $s$ over a measurable set $E$, \hyperpage{294}
-  \item Integral test, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{79}
-  \item Integrating factor, \hyperpage{123}
-  \item integrating factor, \hyperpage{123}, \hyperpage{137}
-  \item Integration by parts, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{297}
-  \item Integration by substitution, \hyperpage{32}
-  \item inter-arrival times, \hyperpage{326}
-  \item Interior, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item interior, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item interior point, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{156}, 
-		\hyperpage{206}
-  \item interior product, \hyperpage{155}
-  \item Intermediate value theorem, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{54}, 
-		\hyperpage{93}, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item internally studentized residuals, \hyperpage{253}
-  \item interpolation problem, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item intersection, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item interval, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item Interval for $\mu $ with $\sigma $ known, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item Intervals for $\mu $ and $\sigma ^2$, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item invariance level, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Invariance of the MLE, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item invariant, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item invariant algebraic curve, \hyperpage{134}
-  \item invariant subspace, \hyperpage{20}
-  \item invariant under an affinity, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item inverse discrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{238}
-  \item inverse Fourier transform, \hyperpage{230}, \hyperpage{236}, 
-		\hyperpage{243}
-  \item inverse function, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item Inverse function rule, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item Inverse function theorem, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item Inverse function theorem for surfaces, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item Inverse power method, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item inverse power method, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item inverse semidiscrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{269}
-  \item inversion, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item Inversion theorem, \hyperpage{232}
-  \item invertible, \hyperpage{6}, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item Inviscid flow, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item involute, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item irreducible, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{43}, \hyperpage{99}, 
-		\hyperpage{328}
-  \item irreducible chain, \hyperpage{319}
-  \item irreducible class, \hyperpage{319}
-  \item irreducible polynomial, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item is finer than, \hyperpage{305}
-  \item isolated point, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item isolated singular point, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item isolated singularity, \hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item isometric, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item isometry, \hyperpage{22}, \hyperpage{73}, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item isomorphic, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{37}, \hyperpage{49}, 
-		\hyperpage{305}
-  \item isomorphism, \hyperpage{37}
-  \item isomorphism between projective spaces, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item Isoperimetric inequality, \hyperpage{87}
-  \item isotropic, \hyperpage{21}
-  \item iteration matrix, \hyperpage{98}
-  \item itinerary, \hyperpage{229}
-  \item Itinerary lemma, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item ivp, \hyperpage{121}
+		\hyperpage{295}
+  \item integral of $s$ over a measurable set $E$, \hyperpage{295}
+  \item Integral test, \hyperpage{77}, \hyperpage{80}
+  \item Integrating factor, \hyperpage{124}
+  \item integrating factor, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{138}
+  \item Integration by parts, \hyperpage{33}, \hyperpage{298}
+  \item Integration by substitution, \hyperpage{33}
+  \item inter-arrival times, \hyperpage{327}
+  \item Interior, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item interior, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item interior point, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{157}, 
+		\hyperpage{207}
+  \item interior product, \hyperpage{156}
+  \item Intermediate value theorem, \hyperpage{28}, \hyperpage{55}, 
+		\hyperpage{94}, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item internally studentized residuals, \hyperpage{254}
+  \item Interpolation inequality, \hyperpage{303}
+  \item interpolation problem, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item intersection, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item interval, \hyperpage{291}
+  \item Interval for $\mu $ with $\sigma $ known, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item Intervals for $\mu $ and $\sigma ^2$, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item invariance level, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Invariance of the MLE, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item invariant, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item invariant algebraic curve, \hyperpage{135}
+  \item invariant subspace, \hyperpage{21}
+  \item invariant under an affinity, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item inverse discrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{239}
+  \item inverse Fourier transform, \hyperpage{231}, \hyperpage{237}, 
+		\hyperpage{244}
+  \item inverse function, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item Inverse function rule, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item Inverse function theorem, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item Inverse function theorem for surfaces, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item Inverse power method, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item inverse power method, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item inverse semidiscrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{270}
+  \item inversion, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item Inversion theorem, \hyperpage{233}
+  \item invertible, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item Inviscid flow, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item involute, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item irreducible, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{44}, \hyperpage{100}, 
+		\hyperpage{329}
+  \item irreducible chain, \hyperpage{320}
+  \item irreducible class, \hyperpage{320}
+  \item irreducible polynomial, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item is finer than, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item isolated point, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item isolated singular point, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item isolated singularity, \hyperpage{116}, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item isometric, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item isometry, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{74}, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item isomorphic, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{38}, \hyperpage{50}, 
+		\hyperpage{306}
+  \item isomorphism, \hyperpage{38}
+  \item isomorphism between projective spaces, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item Isoperimetric inequality, \hyperpage{88}
+  \item isotropic, \hyperpage{22}
+  \item iteration matrix, \hyperpage{99}
+  \item itinerary, \hyperpage{230}
+  \item Itinerary lemma, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item ivp, \hyperpage{122}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Jacobi identity, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item Jacobi method, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item Jacobian determinant, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item Jacobian matrix, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item Jeffrey's prior, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item joint pdf, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item joint pmf, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item joint probability density function, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item Joint probability mass function, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item joint probability mass function, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item Jordan arc, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item Jordan block, \hyperpage{20}
-  \item Jordan closed curve, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item Jordan curve theorem, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item Jordan form, \hyperpage{20}
-  \item Jordan matrix, \hyperpage{20}
-  \item Jump discontinuity, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item jump process, \hyperpage{327}
+  \item Jacobi identity, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item Jacobi method, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item Jacobian determinant, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item Jacobian matrix, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item Jeffrey's prior, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item Jensen's inequality, \hyperpage{236}, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item joint pdf, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item joint pmf, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item joint probability density function, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item Joint probability mass function, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item joint probability mass function, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item Jordan arc, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item Jordan block, \hyperpage{21}
+  \item Jordan closed curve, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item Jordan curve theorem, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item Jordan form, \hyperpage{21}
+  \item Jordan matrix, \hyperpage{21}
+  \item Jump discontinuity, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item jump process, \hyperpage{328}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Kelley's theorem, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item kernel, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{37}
-  \item kernel function, \hyperpage{78}
-  \item Klein bottle, \hyperpage{210}
-  \item Kolmogorov, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item Kolmogorov axioms, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item Kolmogorov extension theorem, \hyperpage{332}
-  \item Kolmogorov system, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item Kolmogorov's backward equation, \hyperpage{327}
-  \item Kolmogorov's continuity theorem, \hyperpage{330}
-  \item Kolmogorov's forward equation, \hyperpage{327}
-  \item Kolmogorov's strong law, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item Kronecker delta, \hyperpage{18}
-  \item Kronecker's lemma, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item Kronecker's theorem, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item Kullback-Leibler divergence, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item Kuratowski's problem, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Kelley's theorem, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item kernel, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{38}
+  \item kernel function, \hyperpage{79}
+  \item Klein bottle, \hyperpage{211}
+  \item Kolmogorov, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item Kolmogorov axioms, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item Kolmogorov extension theorem, \hyperpage{333}
+  \item Kolmogorov system, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item Kolmogorov's backward equation, \hyperpage{328}
+  \item Kolmogorov's continuity theorem, \hyperpage{331}
+  \item Kolmogorov's forward equation, \hyperpage{328}
+  \item Kolmogorov's strong law, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item Kronecker delta, \hyperpage{19}
+  \item Kronecker's lemma, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item Kronecker's theorem, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item Kullback-Leibler divergence, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item Kuratowski's problem, \hyperpage{207}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item L'H\^opital's rule, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item lack of fit test, \hyperpage{253}
-  \item Lagrange basis polynomials, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item Lagrange multipliers theorem, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item Lagrange's interpolation problem, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item Lagrange's theorem, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item Laguerre polynomials, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item Lamé coefficients, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Laplace equation, \hyperpage{139}, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item Laplacian, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item lattice of subgroups, \hyperpage{168}
-  \item Laurent series, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item Laurent series theorem, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item Law of the iterated logarithm, \hyperpage{332}
-  \item Law of total expectation, \hyperpage{185, 186}, \hyperpage{314}
-  \item Law of total probability, \hyperpage{173}, \hyperpage{314}
-  \item Lax theorem, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item Lax-Friedrichs scheme, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item Lax-Richtmyer equivalence theorem, \hyperpage{272}
-  \item Lax-Wendroff, \hyperpage{270}
-  \item Lax-Wendroff scheme, \hyperpage{270}
-  \item leading coefficient, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Leapfrog scheme, \hyperpage{267}, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item least common multiple, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item least element, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item Least-squares method, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item least-squares method, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item leave, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item Lebesgue differentiation theorem, \hyperpage{298}
-  \item Lebesgue integrable, \hyperpage{174}
-  \item Lebesgue integral, \hyperpage{174}
-  \item Lebesgue measurable, \hyperpage{292, 293}
-  \item Lebesgue measure, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{292}
-  \item left cosets, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item Left side, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item left singular vectors, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item Left-open interval, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item left-sided limit of $f$ at $x_0$, \hyperpage{26}
-  \item Legendre polynomials, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item Leibnitz rule, \hyperpage{241}
-  \item Leibnitz's test, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item length, \hyperpage{57}, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item length of the polygonal, \hyperpage{33}, \hyperpage{59}, 
-		\hyperpage{140}
-  \item level set, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item leverage, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item levorotation, \hyperpage{144}
-  \item lexicographic degree, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item lexicographic order, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item Likelihood, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item likelihood function, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item likelihood ratio test, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item Likelihood-ratio test, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item Limit, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item limit, \hyperpage{104}, \hyperpage{187}
-  \item Limit comparison test, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item limit cycle, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item limit distribution, \hyperpage{328}
-  \item limit inferior, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{187}
-  \item limit of $f$ at infinity, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item limit of the function $f$ at the point $x_0$, \hyperpage{26}
-  \item limit set, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item limit superior, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{187}
-  \item line, \hyperpage{66}, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item line integral, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{111}
-  \item line intergal, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item line of curvature, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item line search method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item linear, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item linear $k$-step method, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item linear combination, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item linear convergence, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item linear discrete map, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item linear equation, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item Linear loss function, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item linear map, \hyperpage{16}
-  \item Linear multistep method, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item linear programming to maximize, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item linear programming to minimize, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item linear recurrence relation of order $k$, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item linear saddles, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item linear span, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item Linearity, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item linearization, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item linearly dependent, \hyperpage{15}, \hyperpage{81}
-  \item linearly independent, \hyperpage{15}, \hyperpage{81}
-  \item lines, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Liouville's formula, \hyperpage{126}, \hyperpage{152}
-  \item Liouville's theorem, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item Lipschitz continuous, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item L'H\^opital's rule, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item lack of fit test, \hyperpage{254}
+  \item Lagrange basis polynomials, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item Lagrange multipliers theorem, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item Lagrange's interpolation problem, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item Lagrange's theorem, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item Laguerre polynomials, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item Lamé coefficients, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Laplace equation, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item Laplacian, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item lattice of subgroups, \hyperpage{169}
+  \item Laurent series, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item Laurent series theorem, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item law of $X$, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item Law of the iterated logarithm, \hyperpage{333}
+  \item Law of total expectation, \hyperpage{186, 187}, \hyperpage{315}
+  \item Law of total probability, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{315}
+  \item Lax theorem, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item Lax-Friedrichs scheme, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item Lax-Richtmyer equivalence theorem, \hyperpage{273}
+  \item Lax-Wendroff, \hyperpage{271}
+  \item Lax-Wendroff scheme, \hyperpage{271}
+  \item leading coefficient, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Leapfrog scheme, \hyperpage{268}, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item least common multiple, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item least element, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item Least-squares method, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item least-squares method, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item leave, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item Lebesgue differentiation theorem, \hyperpage{299}
+  \item Lebesgue integrable, \hyperpage{175}
+  \item Lebesgue integral, \hyperpage{175}
+  \item Lebesgue measurable, \hyperpage{293, 294}
+  \item Lebesgue measure, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{293}
+  \item left cosets, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item Left side, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item left singular vectors, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item Left-open interval, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item left-sided limit of $f$ at $x_0$, \hyperpage{27}
+  \item Legendre polynomials, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item Leibnitz rule, \hyperpage{243}
+  \item Leibnitz's test, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item length, \hyperpage{58}, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item length of the polygonal, \hyperpage{34}, \hyperpage{60}, 
+		\hyperpage{141}
+  \item level set, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item leverage, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item levorotation, \hyperpage{145}
+  \item lexicographic degree, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item lexicographic order, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item Likelihood, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item likelihood function, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item likelihood ratio test, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item Likelihood-ratio test, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item Limit, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item limit, \hyperpage{105}, \hyperpage{188}
+  \item Limit comparison test, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item limit cycle, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item limit distribution, \hyperpage{329}
+  \item limit inferior, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{188}
+  \item limit of $f$ at infinity, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item limit of the function $f$ at the point $x_0$, \hyperpage{27}
+  \item limit set, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item limit superior, \hyperpage{27}, \hyperpage{188}
+  \item line, \hyperpage{67}, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item line integral, \hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{112}
+  \item line intergal, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item line of curvature, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item line search method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item linear, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item linear $k$-step method, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item linear combination, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item linear convergence, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item linear discrete map, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item linear equation, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item Linear loss function, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item linear map, \hyperpage{17}
+  \item Linear multistep method, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item linear programming to maximize, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item linear programming to minimize, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item linear recurrence relation of order $k$, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item linear saddles, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item linear span, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item Linearity, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item linearization, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item linearly dependent, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{82}
+  \item linearly independent, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{82}
+  \item lines, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Liouville's formula, \hyperpage{127}, \hyperpage{153}
+  \item Liouville's theorem, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item Lipschitz continuous, \hyperpage{55}
   \item Lipschitz continuous with respect to the second variable, 
-		\hyperpage{123}
-  \item Lipschitz's theorem, \hyperpage{84}
-  \item Little Picard's theorem, \hyperpage{117}
-  \item Liénard system, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item Liénard's theorem, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item load vector, \hyperpage{275}
-  \item Local behaviour of a holomorphic function, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item local bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item local canonical form, \hyperpage{144}
-  \item Local Cauchy's integral formula, \hyperpage{112}
+		\hyperpage{124}
+  \item Lipschitz's theorem, \hyperpage{85}
+  \item Little Picard's theorem, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item Liénard system, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item Liénard's theorem, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item load vector, \hyperpage{276}
+  \item Local behaviour of a holomorphic function, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item local bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item local canonical form, \hyperpage{145}
+  \item Local Cauchy's integral formula, \hyperpage{113}
   \item Local Cauchy's integral formula for derivatives, 
-		\hyperpage{112}
-  \item Local Cauchy's integral theorem, \hyperpage{111}
-  \item local conjugacy, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item local diffeomorphism, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item local equivalence, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item local extremum, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item Local Gau\ss -Bonnet theorem, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item local isometry, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item local maximum, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item local minimum, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item Local structure of immersions, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item Local structure of submersions, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item local transversal section, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item local truncation error, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item local truncation errors, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item locally, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item locally bounded, \hyperpage{120}, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item locally compact, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item locally connected, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item locally integrable, \hyperpage{78}
+		\hyperpage{113}
+  \item Local Cauchy's integral theorem, \hyperpage{112}
+  \item local conjugacy, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item local diffeomorphism, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item local equivalence, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item local extremum, \hyperpage{30}, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item Local Gau\ss -Bonnet theorem, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item local isometry, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item local maximum, \hyperpage{30}, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item local minimum, \hyperpage{30}, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item Local structure of immersions, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item Local structure of submersions, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item local transversal section, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item local truncation error, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item local truncation errors, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item locally, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item locally bounded, \hyperpage{121}, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item locally compact, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item locally connected, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item locally integrable, \hyperpage{79}
   \item locally Lipschitz continuous with respect to the second variable, 
-		\hyperpage{123}
-  \item locally path-connected, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item locally topologically conjugate, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item locally topologically equivalent, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item LOF test, \hyperpage{253}
-  \item log-likelihood function, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item log-odds, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item logarithm with base $a$, \hyperpage{28}
-  \item Logarithmic test, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item logistic map, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item logit, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item loop, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item Lorenz system, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item loss function, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item lower bound, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item lower integral, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item lower limit topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item lower sum, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item lower triangular, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item LRT, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item LRT test statistic, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item LU decomposition, \hyperpage{101}
-  \item LU descompostion, \hyperpage{101}
-  \item Lyapunov central limit theorem, \hyperpage{190}
-  \item Lyapunov function, \hyperpage{136}
-  \item Lyapunov stable, \hyperpage{136}
-  \item Lyapunov's method, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item Lyapunov's theorem, \hyperpage{136}, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item Lévy-Lindeberg central limit theorem, \hyperpage{190}
+		\hyperpage{124}
+  \item locally path-connected, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item locally topologically conjugate, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item locally topologically equivalent, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item LOF test, \hyperpage{254}
+  \item log-likelihood function, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item log-odds, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item logarithm with base $a$, \hyperpage{29}
+  \item Logarithmic test, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item logistic map, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item logit, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item loop, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item Lorenz system, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item loss function, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item lower bound, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item lower integral, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item lower limit topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item lower sum, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item lower triangular, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item LRT, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item LRT test statistic, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item LU decomposition, \hyperpage{102}
+  \item LU descompostion, \hyperpage{102}
+  \item Lyapunov central limit theorem, \hyperpage{192}
+  \item Lyapunov function, \hyperpage{137}
+  \item Lyapunov stable, \hyperpage{137}
+  \item Lyapunov's method, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item Lyapunov's theorem, \hyperpage{137}, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item Lévy-Lindeberg central limit theorem, \hyperpage{192}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item machine epsilon $\epsilon $, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item Malgrange-Ehrenpreis theorem, \hyperpage{246}
-  \item Mallow's $C_p$ statistic, \hyperpage{255}
-  \item mantissa, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem, \hyperpage{305}
-  \item marginal pdf, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item marginal pmf, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item Marginal probability density functions, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item marginal probability density functions, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item Marginal probability mass functions, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item marginal probability mass functions, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item Markov chain, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item Markov property, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item Markov's inequality, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item material derivative operator, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Matrix, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item matrix, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{17}
-  \item matrix exponential, \hyperpage{126}
-  \item matrix norm, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item matrix of the bilinear form, \hyperpage{21}
-  \item matrix solution, \hyperpage{126}
-  \item maximal, \hyperpage{43}, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item maximal element, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item maximum likelihood estimator, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item Maximum likelihood method, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item Maximum metric, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item Maximum modulus principle, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item Maximum principle, \hyperpage{286}
-  \item Maximum principle on unbounded domains, \hyperpage{286}
-  \item Maxwell-Faraday equation, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item mean, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item mean curvature, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item mean function, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item mean square error, \hyperpage{250}
-  \item mean squared error, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item Mean value property, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item Mean value theorem, \hyperpage{29}, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item Mean value theorem for integrals, \hyperpage{94}, 
-		\hyperpage{297}
-  \item Mean value theorem for vector-valued functions, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item mean vector, \hyperpage{180}, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item measurable, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{292, 293}
-  \item measurable space, \hyperpage{174}
-  \item Measure, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item measure, \hyperpage{173}, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item Melnikov's method, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item memoryless, \hyperpage{176, 177}
-  \item meromorphic, \hyperpage{117}
-  \item Mesh, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item mesh, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item mesh-points, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item Method of characteristics, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Method of moments, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item metric, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item metric space, \hyperpage{52}, \hyperpage{204}, \hyperpage{299}
-  \item metrizable, \hyperpage{186}, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item Meusnier's theorem, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item minimal, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item minimal element, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item minimal polynomial, \hyperpage{19}
-  \item minimal surface, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item minimizer, \hyperpage{310}
-  \item Minimum modulus principle, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item Minimum principle, \hyperpage{286}
-  \item Minimum principle on unbounded domains, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item minimum-variance unbiased estimator, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item Minkowski inequality, \hyperpage{81}, \hyperpage{302}, 
-		\hyperpage{309}
-  \item Minkowski's integral inequality, \hyperpage{234}
-  \item minor, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item mirror of the reflection, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item mixed random variable, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item MLE, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item MLE method, \hyperpage{250}
-  \item Model with interaction, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item model with interaction, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item Model without interaction, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item modulus, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item modulus of continuity, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item Moment, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item Moment of inertia, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item moment of inertia, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item Moment-generating function, \hyperpage{185}
-  \item moment-generating function, \hyperpage{185}
-  \item monic, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item Monotone convergence theorem, \hyperpage{183}, \hyperpage{295}
-  \item monotonic, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item monotonically decreasing, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item monotonically increasing, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item Montel's theorem, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item more efficient than, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item Morera's theorem, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item morphism of field extensions, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item MSE, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item multi-index notation, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item multicollinearity, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item multilinear forms, \hyperpage{154}
-  \item multilinear map, \hyperpage{154}
-  \item Multinomial distrbution, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item multinomial distribution, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item multiple, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item multiple edges, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Multiple shooting method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item multiple shooting method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item multiplicative group, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item multiplicity, \hyperpage{113}
-  \item multistep, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item multivalued function, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item multivariate cdf, \hyperpage{180}
-  \item multivariate cumulative distribution function, \hyperpage{180}
-  \item Multivariate normal distribution, \hyperpage{180}
-  \item multivariate normal distribution, \hyperpage{179}, 
-		\hyperpage{195}
-  \item multivariate standard deviation, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item Multivariate standard normal distribution, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item Multivariate uniform distribution, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item multivariate uniform distribution, \hyperpage{179}
-  \item MVUE, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item Möbius band, \hyperpage{210}
-  \item Möbius transformation, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item Möbius transformations, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item machine epsilon $\epsilon $, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item Malgrange-Ehrenpreis theorem, \hyperpage{247}
+  \item Mallow's $C_p$ statistic, \hyperpage{256}
+  \item mantissa, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item marginal pdf, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item marginal pmf, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item Marginal probability density functions, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item marginal probability density functions, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item Marginal probability mass functions, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item marginal probability mass functions, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item Markov chain, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item Markov property, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item Markov's inequality, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item material derivative operator, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Matrix, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item matrix, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{18}
+  \item matrix exponential, \hyperpage{127}
+  \item matrix norm, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item matrix of the bilinear form, \hyperpage{22}
+  \item matrix solution, \hyperpage{127}
+  \item maximal, \hyperpage{44}, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item maximal element, \hyperpage{9}, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item maximum likelihood estimator, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item Maximum likelihood method, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item Maximum metric, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item Maximum modulus principle, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item Maximum principle, \hyperpage{287}
+  \item Maximum principle on unbounded domains, \hyperpage{287}
+  \item Maxwell-Faraday equation, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item mean, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item mean curvature, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item mean function, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item mean square error, \hyperpage{251}
+  \item mean squared error, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item Mean value property, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item Mean value theorem, \hyperpage{30}, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item Mean value theorem for integrals, \hyperpage{95}, 
+		\hyperpage{298}
+  \item Mean value theorem for vector-valued functions, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item mean vector, \hyperpage{181}, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item measurable, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{293, 294}, 
+		\hyperpage{335}
+  \item measurable space, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item Measure, \hyperpage{291}, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item measure, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{291}, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item Melnikov's method, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item memoryless, \hyperpage{177, 178}
+  \item meromorphic, \hyperpage{118}
+  \item Mesh, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item mesh, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item mesh-points, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item Method of characteristics, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Method of moments, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item metric, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item metric space, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{205}, \hyperpage{300}
+  \item metrizable, \hyperpage{187}, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item Meusnier's theorem, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item minimal, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item minimal element, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item minimal polynomial, \hyperpage{20}
+  \item minimal surface, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item minimizer, \hyperpage{311}
+  \item Minimum modulus principle, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item Minimum principle, \hyperpage{287}
+  \item Minimum principle on unbounded domains, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item minimum-variance unbiased estimator, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item Minkowski inequality, \hyperpage{82}, \hyperpage{303}, 
+		\hyperpage{310}
+  \item Minkowski's integral inequality, \hyperpage{235}
+  \item minor, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item mirror of the reflection, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item mixed random variable, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item MLE, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item MLE method, \hyperpage{251}
+  \item Model with interaction, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item model with interaction, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item Model without interaction, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item modulus, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item modulus of continuity, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item Moment, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item Moment of inertia, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item moment of inertia, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item Moment-generating function, \hyperpage{186}
+  \item moment-generating function, \hyperpage{186}
+  \item monic, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item Monotone convergence theorem, \hyperpage{184}, \hyperpage{296}, 
+		\hyperpage{335}
+  \item monotonic, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item monotonically decreasing, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item monotonically increasing, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item Montel's theorem, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item more efficient than, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item Morera's theorem, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item morphism of field extensions, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item MSE, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item multi-index notation, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item multicollinearity, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item multilinear forms, \hyperpage{155}
+  \item multilinear map, \hyperpage{155}
+  \item Multinomial distrbution, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item multinomial distribution, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item multiple, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item multiple edges, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Multiple shooting method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item multiple shooting method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item multiplicative group, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item multiplicity, \hyperpage{114}
+  \item multistep, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item multivalued function, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item multivariate cdf, \hyperpage{181}
+  \item multivariate cumulative distribution function, \hyperpage{181}
+  \item Multivariate normal distribution, \hyperpage{181}
+  \item multivariate normal distribution, \hyperpage{180}, 
+		\hyperpage{196}
+  \item multivariate standard deviation, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item Multivariate standard normal distribution, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item Multivariate uniform distribution, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item multivariate uniform distribution, \hyperpage{180}
+  \item MVUE, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item Möbius band, \hyperpage{211}
+  \item Möbius transformation, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item Möbius transformations, \hyperpage{119}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Nart-Vila theorem, \hyperpage{170}
-  \item Natural cubic spline, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item Navier-Cauchy equation, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item negation, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item negative, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item negative basis, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item Negative binomial distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item negative binomial distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item negative part, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item negative semi-orbit, \hyperpage{129}
-  \item negative-definite, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item negative-semidefinite, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item negatively invariant, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item negatively rotated, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item negatively stable, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item negatively-oriented, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item neighbourhood, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item Neumann, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Neumann series, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item Neville's algorithm, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item Newton method, \hyperpage{261}, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item Newton's divided differences\\method, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item Newton-Raphson method, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item Newton-Raphson modified method, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item Neyman-Pearson lemma, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item Neyman-Pearson test, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item Neymann-Pearson test, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item nilpotent, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item Nart-Vila theorem, \hyperpage{171}
+  \item Natural cubic spline, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item Navier-Cauchy equation, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item negation, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item negative, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item negative basis, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item Negative binomial distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item negative binomial distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item negative part, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item negative semi-orbit, \hyperpage{130}
+  \item negative-definite, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item negative-semidefinite, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item negatively invariant, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item negatively rotated, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item negatively stable, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item negatively-oriented, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item neighbourhood, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item Neumann, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Neumann series, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item Neville's algorithm, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item Newton method, \hyperpage{262}, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item Newton's divided differences\\method, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item Newton-Raphson method, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item Newton-Raphson modified method, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item Neyman-Pearson lemma, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item Neyman-Pearson test, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item Neymann-Pearson test, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item nilpotent, \hyperpage{14}, \hyperpage{224}
   \item Nilpotent singular points classification theorem, 
-		\hyperpage{223}
-  \item no-intercept, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item nodal basis, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item nodes, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item Noetherian, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item Non-Archimedean geometry, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item non-autonomous, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item non-degenerate, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item non-degenerated, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item non-Desarguesian planes, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item Non-parametric bootstrap, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item Non-Paschian geometry, \hyperpage{64}
-  \item Non-SAS geometry, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item non-singular, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item noncommutative ring, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item nonsingular, \hyperpage{21}
-  \item norm, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{52}, \hyperpage{93}, 
-		\hyperpage{299}, \hyperpage{304}
-  \item norm associated with the inner product, \hyperpage{23}
-  \item normal, \hyperpage{37}, \hyperpage{120}, \hyperpage{166}, 
-		\hyperpage{189}, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item normal closure, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item Normal confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item normal confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item normal curvature, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item Normal distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item normal distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item normal form, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item Normal plane, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item Normal Q-Q plots, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item normal unit field, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item normalized, \hyperpage{88}, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item Normalized power method, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item normalized power method, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item normalizer, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item normed algebra, \hyperpage{306}
-  \item normed vector space, \hyperpage{52}, \hyperpage{299}
-  \item not integrable, \hyperpage{181}
-  \item not orientation-preserving, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item null hypothesis, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item null recurrent, \hyperpage{323}
-  \item null set, \hyperpage{173}, \hyperpage{292}
-  \item number of steps, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item numeric series, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item numeric series of complex numbers, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item numerical boundary condition, \hyperpage{271}
-  \item numerically stable, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item numerically unstable, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, \hyperpage{238}
+		\hyperpage{224}
+  \item no-intercept, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item nodal basis, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item nodes, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item Noetherian, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item Non-Archimedean geometry, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item non-autonomous, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item non-degenerate, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item non-degenerated, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item non-Desarguesian planes, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item Non-parametric bootstrap, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item Non-Paschian geometry, \hyperpage{65}
+  \item Non-SAS geometry, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item non-singular, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item noncommutative ring, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item nonsingular, \hyperpage{22}
+  \item norm, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{94}, 
+		\hyperpage{300}, \hyperpage{305}
+  \item norm associated with the inner product, \hyperpage{24}
+  \item normal, \hyperpage{38}, \hyperpage{121}, \hyperpage{167}, 
+		\hyperpage{191}, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item normal closure, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item Normal confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item normal confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item normal curvature, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item Normal distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item normal distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item normal form, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item Normal plane, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item Normal Q-Q plots, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item normal unit field, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item normalized, \hyperpage{89}, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item Normalized power method, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item normalized power method, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item normalizer, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item normed algebra, \hyperpage{307}
+  \item normed vector space, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{300}
+  \item not integrable, \hyperpage{182}
+  \item not orientation-preserving, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item null hypothesis, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item null recurrent, \hyperpage{324}
+  \item null set, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{293}
+  \item number of steps, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item numeric series, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item numeric series of complex numbers, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item numerical boundary condition, \hyperpage{272}
+  \item numerically stable, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item numerically unstable, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, \hyperpage{239}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item objective function, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item observed information, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item odd extension, \hyperpage{83}
-  \item odd periodic extension, \hyperpage{282}
-  \item odds, \hyperpage{256}
-  \item ode, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item Olinde Rodrigues' theorem, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item one-parameter family of rotated vector fields, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item One-point compactification, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item one-point compactification, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item one-sided left tail test, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item one-sided right tail test, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item one-step, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item one-step method, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item open, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{204}, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item open ball, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item open cover, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item Open function, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item Open interval, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item Open mapping theorem, \hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item open sets, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item operator, \hyperpage{123}, \hyperpage{304}
-  \item opposite orientations, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item orbit, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{39}, \hyperpage{129}
-  \item Orbit linear structure, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item Orbit structure, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item Orbit-stabilizer theorem, \hyperpage{39}
-  \item Orbits formula, \hyperpage{39}
-  \item order, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{36}, \hyperpage{48}, 
-		\hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{258}
-  \item Order axioms, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item order of accuracy, \hyperpage{258}, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item order of consistency, \hyperpage{258}, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item Order of convergence, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item order of convergence, \hyperpage{90}, \hyperpage{258}
-  \item order of convergence at least $p$, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item order relation, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item order statistic, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item order statistics, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item ordered field, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item ordinary differential equation, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item ordinary generating function, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item orientable, \hyperpage{148}, \hyperpage{157}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item orientation, \hyperpage{119}, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{148}, 
-		\hyperpage{216}
-  \item orientation induced by $M$, \hyperpage{157}
-  \item Orientation principle, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item orientation-preserving, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item oriented vector space, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item origin, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item orthogonal, \hyperpage{21--23}, \hyperpage{71}, \hyperpage{81}, 
-		\hyperpage{147}, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item orthogonal basis, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item orthogonal complement, \hyperpage{21}, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item orthogonal coordinates, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item orthogonal geometry, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item orthogonal group, \hyperpage{144}
-  \item Orthogonal polynomials, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item orthogonal projection, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item orthogonal projection on $F$, \hyperpage{310}
-  \item orthogonal reflections, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item orthogonal system, \hyperpage{311}
+  \item objective function, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item observed information, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item odd extension, \hyperpage{84}
+  \item odd periodic extension, \hyperpage{283}
+  \item odds, \hyperpage{257}
+  \item ode, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item Olinde Rodrigues' theorem, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item one-parameter family of rotated vector fields, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item One-point compactification, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item one-point compactification, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item one-sided left tail test, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item one-sided right tail test, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item one-step, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item one-step method, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item open, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{205}, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item open ball, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item open cover, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item Open function, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item Open interval, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item Open mapping theorem, \hyperpage{116}, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item open sets, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item operator, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{305}
+  \item opposite orientations, \hyperpage{142}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item orbit, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{40}, \hyperpage{130}
+  \item Orbit linear structure, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item Orbit structure, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item Orbit-stabilizer theorem, \hyperpage{40}
+  \item Orbits formula, \hyperpage{40}
+  \item order, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{37}, \hyperpage{49}, 
+		\hyperpage{116}, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item Order axioms, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item order of accuracy, \hyperpage{259}, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item order of consistency, \hyperpage{259}, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item Order of convergence, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item order of convergence, \hyperpage{91}, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item order of convergence at least $p$, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item order relation, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item order statistic, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item order statistics, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item ordered field, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item ordinary differential equation, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item ordinary generating function, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item orientable, \hyperpage{149}, \hyperpage{158}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item orientation, \hyperpage{120}, \hyperpage{142}, \hyperpage{149}, 
+		\hyperpage{217}
+  \item orientation induced by $M$, \hyperpage{158}
+  \item Orientation principle, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item orientation-preserving, \hyperpage{142}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item oriented vector space, \hyperpage{142}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item origin, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item orthogonal, \hyperpage{22--24}, \hyperpage{72}, \hyperpage{82}, 
+		\hyperpage{148}, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item orthogonal basis, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item orthogonal complement, \hyperpage{22}, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item orthogonal coordinates, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item orthogonal geometry, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item orthogonal group, \hyperpage{145}
+  \item Orthogonal polynomials, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item orthogonal projection, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item orthogonal projection on $F$, \hyperpage{311}
+  \item orthogonal reflections, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item orthogonal system, \hyperpage{313}
   \item orthogonal with respect to the weight $\omega (x)$, 
-		\hyperpage{95}
-  \item orthonormal, \hyperpage{21}, \hyperpage{81}
-  \item orthonormal system, \hyperpage{81}, \hyperpage{311}
-  \item orthonormalization, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item osculating circle, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item Osculating plane, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item osculating sphere, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item Outer measure, \hyperpage{291}
-  \item outer measure, \hyperpage{291}
-  \item outliars, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item Over-relaxation methods, \hyperpage{99}
+		\hyperpage{96}
+  \item orthonormal, \hyperpage{22}, \hyperpage{82}
+  \item orthonormal system, \hyperpage{82}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item orthonormalization, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item osculating circle, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item Osculating plane, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item osculating sphere, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item Outer measure, \hyperpage{292}
+  \item outer measure, \hyperpage{292}
+  \item outliars, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item Over-relaxation methods, \hyperpage{100}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Paley-Wiener-Zygmund theorem, \hyperpage{330}
-  \item Pappus configuration, \hyperpage{67}
-  \item PAQ reduction theorem, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item parabolic, \hyperpage{272}
-  \item parabolic boundary, \hyperpage{286}
-  \item parabolic cylinder, \hyperpage{286}
-  \item parabolic point, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item parallel, \hyperpage{69}, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item parallel transport, \hyperpage{151}
-  \item Parallelogram law, \hyperpage{52}, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item parameter set, \hyperpage{315}
-  \item parameter space, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item parametric, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item Parametric bootstrap, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item parametric bootstrap distribution, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item parametric equations, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item parametrization, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{146}
-  \item parametrized surface, \hyperpage{60}
-  \item Parseval identity, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item Parseval's identity, \hyperpage{86}
-  \item partial derivative, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item partial derivative of order $k$, \hyperpage{55}
-  \item partial differential equation, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item Partial fraction decomposition theorem, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item partial inverse Fourier transform, \hyperpage{232}
-  \item partial order relation, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item Partial pivoting, \hyperpage{101}
-  \item partially ordered set, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item Particular point topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item partition, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{57}, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item partition of unity, \hyperpage{157}
-  \item Pasch's axiom, \hyperpage{62}
+  \item Paley-Wiener-Zygmund theorem, \hyperpage{331}
+  \item Pappus configuration, \hyperpage{68}
+  \item PAQ reduction theorem, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item parabolic, \hyperpage{273}
+  \item parabolic boundary, \hyperpage{287}
+  \item parabolic cylinder, \hyperpage{287}
+  \item parabolic point, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item parallel, \hyperpage{70}, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item parallel transport, \hyperpage{152}
+  \item Parallelogram law, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{311}
+  \item parameter set, \hyperpage{316}
+  \item parameter space, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item parametric, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item Parametric bootstrap, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item parametric bootstrap distribution, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item parametric equations, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item parametrization, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{147}
+  \item parametrized surface, \hyperpage{61}
+  \item Parseval identity, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item Parseval's identity, \hyperpage{87}
+  \item partial derivative, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item partial derivative of order $k$, \hyperpage{56}
+  \item partial differential equation, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item Partial fraction decomposition theorem, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item partial inverse Fourier transform, \hyperpage{233}
+  \item partial order relation, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item Partial pivoting, \hyperpage{102}
+  \item partially ordered set, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item Particular point topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item partition, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{58}, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item partition of unity, \hyperpage{158}
+  \item Pasch's axiom, \hyperpage{63}
   \item Passage from the affine plane to the projective plane, 
-		\hyperpage{65}
+		\hyperpage{66}
   \item Passage from the projective plane to the affine plane, 
-		\hyperpage{65}
-  \item path, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item path from $x$ to $y$, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item path-connected, \hyperpage{214, 215}
-  \item path-connected components, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item pde, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item pdf, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item Peano axioms, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item Peano theorem, \hyperpage{124}
-  \item Pearson correlation coefficient, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item Percentile confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item percentile confidence interval, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item perfect, \hyperpage{165}
-  \item Perfect fields, \hyperpage{165}
-  \item period, \hyperpage{319}
-  \item Period three theorem, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item Period-doubling bifurcation, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item period-doubling bifurcation, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item period-doubling cascade, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item period-halving bifurcation, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item periodic, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item periodic orbit of period $T$, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item periodic point, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item periodic with period $T$, \hyperpage{80}
-  \item permutation matrix, \hyperpage{101}
-  \item Perron-Frobenius theorem, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item perspectivity, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item pgf, \hyperpage{315}
-  \item phase portrait, \hyperpage{129}
-  \item phase space, \hyperpage{129}
-  \item Picard iteration process, \hyperpage{124}
-  \item Picard theorem, \hyperpage{124}
-  \item PID, \hyperpage{43}
-  \item piecewise linear manifold, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item Pigeonhole principle, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item Pitchfork bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item pitchfork bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item pivot, \hyperpage{197}
-  \item Plancherel theorem, \hyperpage{235}, \hyperpage{237, 238}
-  \item plane curve, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item plane point, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item Playfair's axiom, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Plücker coordinates, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item pmf, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item Poincaré compactification, \hyperpage{137}
-  \item Poincaré disk, \hyperpage{137}
-  \item Poincaré index formula, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item Poincaré inequality, \hyperpage{288}
-  \item Poincaré map, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item Poincaré's method, \hyperpage{225}
-  \item Poincaré-Bendixson theorem, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item Poincaré-Hopf theorem, \hyperpage{138}, \hyperpage{160}
-  \item Poincaré-Hopf theorem on $S^2$, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item points, \hyperpage{62}, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item points of the quadric, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item pointwise bounded, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item pointwise equicontinuous, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item Poisson distribution, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item Poisson equation, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Poisson kernel, \hyperpage{230}, \hyperpage{233}
-  \item Poisson process, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item Poisson summation formula, \hyperpage{237}, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Polar form, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item polar form, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item Polarization identity, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item Pole, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item pole, \hyperpage{115}
+		\hyperpage{66}
+  \item path, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item path from $x$ to $y$, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item path-connected, \hyperpage{215, 216}
+  \item path-connected components, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item pde, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item pdf, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item Peano axioms, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item Peano theorem, \hyperpage{125}
+  \item Pearson correlation coefficient, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item Percentile confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item percentile confidence interval, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item perfect, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item Perfect fields, \hyperpage{166}
+  \item period, \hyperpage{320}
+  \item Period three theorem, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item Period-doubling bifurcation, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item period-doubling bifurcation, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item period-doubling cascade, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item period-halving bifurcation, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item periodic, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item periodic orbit of period $T$, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item periodic point, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item periodic with period $T$, \hyperpage{81}
+  \item permutation matrix, \hyperpage{102}
+  \item Perron-Frobenius theorem, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item perspectivity, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item pgf, \hyperpage{316}
+  \item phase portrait, \hyperpage{130}
+  \item phase space, \hyperpage{130}
+  \item Picard iteration process, \hyperpage{125}
+  \item Picard theorem, \hyperpage{125}
+  \item PID, \hyperpage{44}
+  \item piecewise linear manifold, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item Pigeonhole principle, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item Pitchfork bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item pitchfork bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item pivot, \hyperpage{198}
+  \item Plancherel theorem, \hyperpage{236}, \hyperpage{238}, 
+		\hyperpage{240}
+  \item plane curve, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item plane point, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item Playfair's axiom, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Plücker coordinates, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item pmf, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item Poincaré compactification, \hyperpage{138}
+  \item Poincaré disk, \hyperpage{138}
+  \item Poincaré index formula, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item Poincaré inequality, \hyperpage{289}
+  \item Poincaré map, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item Poincaré's inequality, \hyperpage{338}
+  \item Poincaré's method, \hyperpage{226}
+  \item Poincaré-Bendixson theorem, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item Poincaré-Hopf theorem, \hyperpage{139}, \hyperpage{161}
+  \item Poincaré-Hopf theorem on $S^2$, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item Poincaré-Wirtinger's inequality, \hyperpage{338}
+  \item points, \hyperpage{63}, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item points of the quadric, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item pointwise bounded, \hyperpage{125}, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item pointwise equicontinuous, \hyperpage{125}, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item Poisson distribution, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item Poisson equation, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Poisson kernel, \hyperpage{231}, \hyperpage{234}
+  \item Poisson process, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item Poisson summation formula, \hyperpage{238}, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Polar form, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item polar form, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item Polarization identity, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item Pole, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item pole, \hyperpage{116}
   \item Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{323}
+		\hyperpage{324}
   \item Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}^2$, 
-		\hyperpage{323}
+		\hyperpage{324}
   \item Polya's theorem on $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {Z}}^3$, 
-		\hyperpage{323}
-  \item polyhedron, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item polynomial, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item polynomial ring, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item polynomial system, \hyperpage{134}
-  \item polynomial vector field, \hyperpage{134}
-  \item polytope, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item poset, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item positive, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{157}
-  \item positive basis, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item positive part, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item positive recurrent, \hyperpage{323}
-  \item positive semi-orbit, \hyperpage{129}
-  \item positive-definite, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item positive-semidefinite, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item positively invariant, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item positively oriented, \hyperpage{141}
-  \item positively rotated, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item positively stable, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item posterior, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item posterior distribution, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item posterior mean, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item posterior median, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item posterior mode, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item potential, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item power, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item power function, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item Power method, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item power method, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item power series, \hyperpage{77}
-  \item power set, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item pre-Hilbert space, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item predicate, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item prediction, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item prediction band, \hyperpage{253}
-  \item preditions, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item preimage, \hyperpage{6}
-  \item primal, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item prime, \hyperpage{9}, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{43}
-  \item Prime number theorem, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item prime period, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item primitive element, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item Primitive element theorem, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item primitive function, \hyperpage{32}
-  \item primitive polynomial, \hyperpage{46}
-  \item principal argument, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item principal curvatures, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item principal directons, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item Principal ideal, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item principal ideal, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item principal ideal domain, \hyperpage{43}
-  \item principal value, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item Principle of least action, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item prior, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item prior distribution, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item probability, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item probability density function, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item Probability mass function, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item probability mass function, \hyperpage{175}
-  \item probability space, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item probability-generating function, \hyperpage{315}
-  \item product, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item product topology, \hyperpage{208}
-  \item products of group subsets, \hyperpage{39}
-  \item projection, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Projection theorem, \hyperpage{310}
-  \item Projections, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Projective axiom, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item projective frame, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item projective plane, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item projective subvariety, \hyperpage{65}
-  \item projectivity, \hyperpage{68}
-  \item prolongation, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item Propagation of absolute errors, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item Propagation of relative errors, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item proper, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item proper subspace of $T$, \hyperpage{308}
+		\hyperpage{324}
+  \item polyhedron, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item polynomial, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item polynomial ring, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item polynomial system, \hyperpage{135}
+  \item polynomial vector field, \hyperpage{135}
+  \item polytope, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item poset, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item positive, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{158}
+  \item positive basis, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item positive part, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item positive recurrent, \hyperpage{324}
+  \item positive semi-orbit, \hyperpage{130}
+  \item positive-definite, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item positive-semidefinite, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item positively invariant, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item positively oriented, \hyperpage{142}
+  \item positively rotated, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item positively stable, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item posterior, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item posterior distribution, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item posterior mean, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item posterior median, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item posterior mode, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item potential, \hyperpage{61}, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item power, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item power function, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item Power method, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item power method, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item power series, \hyperpage{78}
+  \item power set, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item pre-Hilbert space, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item predicate, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item prediction, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item prediction band, \hyperpage{254}
+  \item preditions, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item preimage, \hyperpage{7}
+  \item primal, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item prime, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{44}
+  \item Prime number theorem, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item prime period, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item primitive element, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item Primitive element theorem, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item primitive function, \hyperpage{33}
+  \item primitive polynomial, \hyperpage{47}
+  \item principal argument, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item principal curvatures, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item principal directons, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item Principal ideal, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item principal ideal, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item principal ideal domain, \hyperpage{44}
+  \item principal value, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item Principle of least action, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item prior, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item prior distribution, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item probability, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item probability density function, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item probability kernel, \hyperpage{337}
+  \item Probability mass function, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item probability mass function, \hyperpage{176}
+  \item probability space, \hyperpage{173}, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item probability-generating function, \hyperpage{316}
+  \item product, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item Product measure, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item product measure, \hyperpage{335}
+  \item product topology, \hyperpage{209}
+  \item products of group subsets, \hyperpage{40}
+  \item projection, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Projection theorem, \hyperpage{311}
+  \item Projections, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Projective axiom, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item projective frame, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item projective plane, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item projective subvariety, \hyperpage{66}
+  \item projectivity, \hyperpage{69}
+  \item prolongation, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item Propagation of absolute errors, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item Propagation of relative errors, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item proper, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item proper subspace of $T$, \hyperpage{309}
   \item Properties of addition and scalar multiplication of matrices, 
-		\hyperpage{12}
-  \item Properties of homotheties, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item Properties of matrix norms, \hyperpage{97}
-  \item Properties of matrix product, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item Properties of projections, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Properties of reflections, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Properties of translations, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Proximity theorem, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item pull-back, \hyperpage{155}
-  \item pure birth process, \hyperpage{328}
-  \item pure death process, \hyperpage{328}
-  \item purely inseparable, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item purely transcendental, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item Pythagorean, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Pythagorean plane, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Pythagorean theorem, \hyperpage{71}, \hyperpage{309}
+		\hyperpage{13}
+  \item Properties of homotheties, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item Properties of matrix norms, \hyperpage{98}
+  \item Properties of matrix product, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item Properties of projections, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Properties of reflections, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Properties of translations, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Proximity theorem, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item pull-back, \hyperpage{156}
+  \item pure birth process, \hyperpage{329}
+  \item pure death process, \hyperpage{329}
+  \item purely inseparable, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item purely transcendental, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item Pythagorean, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Pythagorean plane, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Pythagorean theorem, \hyperpage{72}, \hyperpage{310}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Q-Q plots, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item QR decomposition, \hyperpage{266}
-  \item QR descompostion, \hyperpage{266}
-  \item quadratic convergence, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item quadratic form, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item Quadratic loss function, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item quadratic polynomial, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item quadratic space, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item quadrature formula, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item quadrature formula with weight $\omega (x)$, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item quadric, \hyperpage{72}
-  \item Quantile, \hyperpage{195}
-  \item Quantile-Quantile plot, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item quartic polynomial, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item quasi-Newton method, \hyperpage{262}
-  \item quasilinear pde, \hyperpage{139}
-  \item quaternion group, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item Quotient group, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item quotient group, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item quotient map, \hyperpage{209}
-  \item quotient space, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{209}, 
-		\hyperpage{301}
-  \item quotient space of collapsing a set to a point, \hyperpage{210}
-  \item quotient topology, \hyperpage{209}
+  \item Q-Q plots, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item QR decomposition, \hyperpage{267}
+  \item QR descompostion, \hyperpage{267}
+  \item quadratic convergence, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item quadratic form, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item Quadratic loss function, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item quadratic polynomial, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item quadratic space, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item quadrature formula, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item quadrature formula with weight $\omega (x)$, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item quadric, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item Quantile, \hyperpage{196}
+  \item Quantile-Quantile plot, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item quartic polynomial, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item quasi-Newton method, \hyperpage{263}
+  \item quasilinear pde, \hyperpage{140}
+  \item quaternion group, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item Quotient group, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item quotient group, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item quotient map, \hyperpage{210}
+  \item quotient space, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{210}, 
+		\hyperpage{302}
+  \item quotient space of collapsing a set to a point, \hyperpage{211}
+  \item quotient topology, \hyperpage{210}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Raabe's test, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item radical, \hyperpage{21}, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item radical tower, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item radius of convergence, \hyperpage{107}
-  \item radius of convergence of the power series, \hyperpage{78}
-  \item radius of curvature, \hyperpage{143}
-  \item radix-2 decimation-in-time (DIT) FFT, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Radix-2 DIT Cooley-Tukey FFT algorithm, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Radó theorem, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item random sample, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item random variable, \hyperpage{174}
-  \item random vector, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item Random walk, \hyperpage{318}
-  \item random walk, \hyperpage{318}
-  \item Rank, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item rank, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{15}, \hyperpage{22}, 
-		\hyperpage{73}
-  \item Rankine-Hugoniot equation, \hyperpage{279}
-  \item rate, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item rate of convergence, \hyperpage{98}
-  \item Ratio test, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item ray, \hyperpage{62}
-  \item Rayleigh quotient, \hyperpage{100}
-  \item RC, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item reachable, \hyperpage{319}
-  \item real function, \hyperpage{293}
-  \item real part, \hyperpage{103}
-  \item real random variable, \hyperpage{174}
-  \item realizable, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item realization, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item rearrangement of the sequence, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item rearrangement of the series, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item rectangle, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item rectifiable, \hyperpage{33}, \hyperpage{59}, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item Rectifying plane, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item recurrence relation of order $k$, \hyperpage{47}
-  \item recurrent, \hyperpage{47}, \hyperpage{321}, \hyperpage{323}
-  \item Reduced row echelon form, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item reduced row echelon form, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item reducible, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item Reducible linear ode of second order, \hyperpage{122}
-  \item reflection, \hyperpage{70}, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item Reflections, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item reflexive, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item refractive index, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item region, \hyperpage{114}, \hyperpage{147}, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item regression axis, \hyperpage{150}
-  \item regression coefficients, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item regression sum of squares, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item regressor coefficients, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item Regula falsi method, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item regular, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{57}, \hyperpage{130}, 
-		\hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{194, 195}, \hyperpage{211}, 
-		\hyperpage{327}
-  \item regular distributions, \hyperpage{240}
-  \item regular domain, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item regular region, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item regular surface, \hyperpage{146}
-  \item Related samples with unknown variances, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item relative condition numbers, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item relative error, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item relatively compact, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item relatively prime, \hyperpage{9, 10}
-  \item relaxation factor, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item Removable discontinuity, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item Removable singularity, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item removable singularity, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item reordering, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item reparametrization, \hyperpage{59}, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item repelling, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item repelling parabolic sector, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item repulsor fixed point, \hyperpage{90}
-  \item residuals, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item residue, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item Residues theorem, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item response, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item restrictions, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item Reuter criterion, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item Riccati differential equation, \hyperpage{122}
-  \item Richardson extrapolation, \hyperpage{94}, \hyperpage{259}
-  \item Riemann conformal representation theorem, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item Riemann sum, \hyperpage{33}, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item Riemann's theorem, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item Riemann's theorem on removable singularities, \hyperpage{115}
-  \item Riemann-integrable, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item Riemann-integrable function, \hyperpage{58}
-  \item Riemann-Lebesgue lemma, \hyperpage{84}, \hyperpage{231}, 
-		\hyperpage{237}
-  \item Riesz representation theorem, \hyperpage{311}
-  \item Riesz theorem, \hyperpage{246}
-  \item Riesz transform, \hyperpage{247}
-  \item Riesz's theorem, \hyperpage{305}
-  \item Riesz-Fischer theorem, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item right cosets, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item Right side, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item right singular vectors, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item Right-open interval, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item right-sided limit of $f$ at $x_0$, \hyperpage{26}
-  \item Ring, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item ring, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item Ring morphism, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item ring morphism, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item RK methods, \hyperpage{259}
-  \item Robin, \hyperpage{273}
-  \item Rolle's theorem, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item Romberg method, \hyperpage{95}
-  \item root, \hyperpage{11}
-  \item root condition, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item root of the reflection, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item Root test, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{75}
-  \item rotation, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item Rouché's theorem, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item Rouché-Frobenius theorem, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, \hyperpage{226}
-  \item Row echelon form, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item row echelon form, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item row rank, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item Ruffini's rule, \hyperpage{11}
-  \item ruled surface, \hyperpage{150}
-  \item Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item Raabe's test, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item radical, \hyperpage{22}, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item radical tower, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item radius of convergence, \hyperpage{108}
+  \item radius of convergence of the power series, \hyperpage{79}
+  \item radius of curvature, \hyperpage{144}
+  \item radix-2 decimation-in-time (DIT) FFT, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Radix-2 DIT Cooley-Tukey FFT algorithm, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Radon-Nikodym, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item Radó theorem, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item random sample, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item Random variable, \hyperpage{336}
+  \item random variable, \hyperpage{175}
+  \item random vector, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item Random walk, \hyperpage{319}
+  \item random walk, \hyperpage{319}
+  \item Rank, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item rank, \hyperpage{14}, \hyperpage{16}, \hyperpage{23}, 
+		\hyperpage{74}
+  \item Rankine-Hugoniot equation, \hyperpage{280}
+  \item rate, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item rate of convergence, \hyperpage{99}
+  \item Ratio test, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item ray, \hyperpage{63}
+  \item Rayleigh quotient, \hyperpage{101}
+  \item RC, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item reachable, \hyperpage{320}
+  \item real function, \hyperpage{294}
+  \item real part, \hyperpage{104}
+  \item real random variable, \hyperpage{175}
+  \item realizable, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item realization, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item rearrangement of the sequence, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item rearrangement of the series, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item rectangle, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item rectifiable, \hyperpage{34}, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item Rectifying plane, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item recurrence relation of order $k$, \hyperpage{48}
+  \item recurrent, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{322}, \hyperpage{324}
+  \item Reduced row echelon form, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item reduced row echelon form, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item reducible, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item Reducible linear ode of second order, \hyperpage{123}
+  \item reflection, \hyperpage{71}, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item Reflections, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item reflexive, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item refractive index, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item region, \hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{148}, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item regression axis, \hyperpage{151}
+  \item regression coefficients, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item regression sum of squares, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item regressor coefficients, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item Regula falsi method, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item regular, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{58}, \hyperpage{131}, 
+		\hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{195, 196}, \hyperpage{212}, 
+		\hyperpage{328}
+  \item regular distributions, \hyperpage{241}
+  \item regular domain, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item regular region, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item regular surface, \hyperpage{147}
+  \item Related samples with unknown variances, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item relative condition numbers, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item relative error, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item relatively compact, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item relatively prime, \hyperpage{10, 11}
+  \item relaxation factor, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item Removable discontinuity, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item Removable singularity, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item removable singularity, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item reordering, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item reparametrization, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item repelling, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item repelling parabolic sector, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item repulsor fixed point, \hyperpage{91}
+  \item residuals, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item residue, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item Residues theorem, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item response, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item restrictions, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item Reuter criterion, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item Riccati differential equation, \hyperpage{123}
+  \item Richardson extrapolation, \hyperpage{95}, \hyperpage{260}
+  \item Riemann conformal representation theorem, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item Riemann sum, \hyperpage{34}, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item Riemann's theorem, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item Riemann's theorem on removable singularities, \hyperpage{116}
+  \item Riemann-integrable, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item Riemann-integrable function, \hyperpage{59}
+  \item Riemann-Lebesgue lemma, \hyperpage{85}, \hyperpage{232}, 
+		\hyperpage{238}
+  \item Riesz representation theorem, \hyperpage{312}
+  \item Riesz theorem, \hyperpage{248}
+  \item Riesz transform, \hyperpage{248}
+  \item Riesz's theorem, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item Riesz-Fischer theorem, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item right cosets, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item Right side, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item right singular vectors, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item Right-open interval, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item right-sided limit of $f$ at $x_0$, \hyperpage{27}
+  \item Ring, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item ring, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item Ring morphism, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item ring morphism, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item RK methods, \hyperpage{260}
+  \item Robin, \hyperpage{274}
+  \item Rolle's theorem, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item Romberg method, \hyperpage{96}
+  \item root, \hyperpage{12}
+  \item root condition, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item root of the reflection, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item Root test, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{76}
+  \item rotation, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item Rouché's theorem, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item Rouché-Frobenius theorem, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, \hyperpage{227}
+  \item Row echelon form, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item row echelon form, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item row rank, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item Ruffini's rule, \hyperpage{12}
+  \item ruled surface, \hyperpage{151}
+  \item Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method, \hyperpage{260}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item SAA criterion, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item Saccheri-Legendre theorem, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item saddle point, \hyperpage{56}, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item saddle separatrices, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item saddle-node, \hyperpage{223}
-  \item Saddle-node bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item saddle-node bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item same orientation, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item sample correlation coefficient, \hyperpage{248}
-  \item sample covariance, \hyperpage{248}
-  \item sample mean, \hyperpage{190}, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item sample quantiles, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item Sample space, \hyperpage{172}
-  \item sample space, \hyperpage{172}, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item sample variance, \hyperpage{192}, \hyperpage{248}
-  \item Sample variance and covariance, \hyperpage{248}
-  \item SAS criterion, \hyperpage{62, 63}
-  \item scalars, \hyperpage{14}
-  \item scale, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item Schrödinger equation, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Schwartz space, \hyperpage{242}
-  \item Schwarz lemma, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item Schwarz theorem, \hyperpage{241}
-  \item Schwarz's theorem, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item Schwarz-Pick lemma, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item score function, \hyperpage{194}
-  \item Score test, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item score test, \hyperpage{201}
-  \item Secant method, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item secant-like method, \hyperpage{262}
-  \item Second Borel-Cantelli lemma, \hyperpage{187}
-  \item second derivative of $f$ at $a$, \hyperpage{30}
-  \item second fundamental form, \hyperpage{149}
-  \item Second isomorphism theorem, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{39}, 
-		\hyperpage{43}
-  \item Second Sylow theorem, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item section, \hyperpage{298}
-  \item sectorial decomposition, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item segment, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item Segmented regression, \hyperpage{252}
-  \item self-adjoint, \hyperpage{311}
-  \item self-conjugate, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item self-similar, \hyperpage{283}
+  \item SAA criterion, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item Saccheri-Legendre theorem, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item saddle point, \hyperpage{57}, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item saddle separatrices, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item saddle-node, \hyperpage{224}
+  \item Saddle-node bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item saddle-node bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item same orientation, \hyperpage{142}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item sample correlation coefficient, \hyperpage{249}
+  \item sample covariance, \hyperpage{249}
+  \item sample mean, \hyperpage{192, 193}
+  \item sample quantiles, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item Sample space, \hyperpage{173}
+  \item sample space, \hyperpage{173}, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item sample variance, \hyperpage{193}, \hyperpage{249}
+  \item Sample variance and covariance, \hyperpage{249}
+  \item SAS criterion, \hyperpage{63, 64}
+  \item scalars, \hyperpage{15}
+  \item scale, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item Schrödinger equation, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Schwartz space, \hyperpage{243}
+  \item Schwarz lemma, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item Schwarz theorem, \hyperpage{243}
+  \item Schwarz's theorem, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item Schwarz-Pick lemma, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item score function, \hyperpage{195}
+  \item Score test, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item score test, \hyperpage{202}
+  \item Secant method, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item secant-like method, \hyperpage{263}
+  \item Second Borel-Cantelli lemma, \hyperpage{189}
+  \item second derivative of $f$ at $a$, \hyperpage{31}
+  \item second fundamental form, \hyperpage{150}
+  \item Second isomorphism theorem, \hyperpage{18}, \hyperpage{40}, 
+		\hyperpage{44}
+  \item Second Sylow theorem, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item section, \hyperpage{299}
+  \item sectorial decomposition, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item segment, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item Segmented regression, \hyperpage{253}
+  \item self-adjoint, \hyperpage{312}
+  \item self-conjugate, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item self-similar, \hyperpage{284}
   \item Semi-hyperbolic singular points classification theorem, 
-		\hyperpage{222}
-  \item semi-stable, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item semiaffinity, \hyperpage{69}
-  \item Semidiscrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{269}
-  \item semidiscrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{269}
-  \item Semidiscrete Parseval identity, \hyperpage{269}
-  \item semidynamical system, \hyperpage{129}
-  \item semilinear, \hyperpage{309}
-  \item semilinear isomorphism, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item Seminorm, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item seminorm, \hyperpage{93}, \hyperpage{307}
-  \item sensitive dependence on initial conditions, \hyperpage{229}
-  \item Separability theorem, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item separable, \hyperpage{167}, \hyperpage{300}
-  \item Separable extension, \hyperpage{167}
-  \item separate the points, \hyperpage{302}
-  \item separated, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item separated by closed neighbourhoods, \hyperpage{206}
-  \item separating set, \hyperpage{302}
-  \item Separation of variables, \hyperpage{122}, \hyperpage{282}
-  \item separation of variables, \hyperpage{282}
-  \item sequence, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item sequence of complex functions, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item sequence of complex numbers, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item sequence of real functions, \hyperpage{76}
-  \item sequence of real numbers, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item series of functions, \hyperpage{77}, \hyperpage{106}
-  \item set, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item set difference, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item set of interior vectors, \hyperpage{156}
-  \item set of left cosets, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item set of periodic points, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item set of periods, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item set of polynomials, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item set of right cosets, \hyperpage{38}
-  \item set of zero-content, \hyperpage{173}
-  \item shape, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item Sharkovskii's order, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item Sharkovskii's theorem, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item Shift map, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item shift map, \hyperpage{228}
-  \item Shooting method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item shooting method, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item Sierpiński topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item sign, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item signature, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item signed curvature, \hyperpage{144}
-  \item significance level, \hyperpage{197, 198}
-  \item significant, \hyperpage{88}
-  \item similar, \hyperpage{19}, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item similitude ratio of the homothety, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item simple, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{89}, \hyperpage{115}, 
-		\hyperpage{163}, \hyperpage{169}, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item simple curve, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item simple function, \hyperpage{294}
-  \item Simple model, \hyperpage{249}
-  \item simple random sample, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item simple random variable, \hyperpage{181}
-  \item simple random walk, \hyperpage{318}
-  \item Simple ratio, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item simple ratio, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item simple region, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item Simplex method: Phase I, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item Simplex method: Phase II, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item simply connected, \hyperpage{115}, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item simply normal, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item Simpson's rule, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item singular point, \hyperpage{130}, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item Singular value, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item Singular value decomposition, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item singular value decomposition, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item singular values, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item sink, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item size, \hyperpage{48}, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item Skorokhod's representation theorem, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item Slutsky's theorem, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item small change, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Sobolev space, \hyperpage{288}
-  \item solution, \hyperpage{89}, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item solution of a system of equations, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item solution of the ode, \hyperpage{121}
-  \item solvable, \hyperpage{40}, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item solvable by radicals, \hyperpage{169}
-  \item SOR, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item source, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item space of rapidly decreasing functions, \hyperpage{242}
-  \item special orthogonal group, \hyperpage{144}
-  \item specific heat capacity, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item spectral radius, \hyperpage{97}
-  \item Spectral theorem, \hyperpage{23}, \hyperpage{312}
-  \item spectral values, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item spectrum, \hyperpage{96}, \hyperpage{308}
-  \item sphere, \hyperpage{53}
-  \item Spline, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item spline, \hyperpage{93}
-  \item splits into linear factors, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item Splitting field, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item splitting field, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item Squeeze theorem, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item SSS criterion, \hyperpage{63}
-  \item stability function, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item stability number, \hyperpage{133}
-  \item stability region, \hyperpage{260}, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item stabilizer, \hyperpage{39}
-  \item stable, \hyperpage{135}, \hyperpage{260}, \hyperpage{268}, 
-		\hyperpage{273}, \hyperpage{327}
-  \item stable degenerated node, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item stable focus, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item stable manifold, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item stable node, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item stable star, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item standard, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item standard $n$-simplex, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item Standard deviation, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item standard deviation, \hyperpage{177}, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item standard error, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item standard form, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item Standard normal distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item standard normal distribution, \hyperpage{177}
-  \item standardized form, \hyperpage{178}
-  \item star domain, \hyperpage{114}
-  \item state space, \hyperpage{315}, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item states, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item stationary distribution, \hyperpage{324}, \hyperpage{328}
-  \item stationary increments, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item Statistic, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item statistic, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item statistical model, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item Steepest descent, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item Steffensen's method, \hyperpage{91}
-  \item Steinitz exchange lemma, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item Steinitz's theorem, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item step size, \hyperpage{257}, \hyperpage{263}
-  \item Stereographic projection, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item stereographic projection, \hyperpage{104}
-  \item stiff equations, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item stiffness matrix, \hyperpage{275}
-  \item Stirling's formula, \hyperpage{80}
-  \item Stochastic matrix, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item stochastic matrix, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item Stochastic process, \hyperpage{315}
-  \item stochastic process, \hyperpage{315}
-  \item stochastically equivalent, \hyperpage{330}
-  \item Stokes theorem, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item Stokes' theorem, \hyperpage{61}
-  \item Stolz-Cesàro theorem, \hyperpage{26}
-  \item Stone-Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item stopping time, \hyperpage{320}
-  \item strict Lyapunov function, \hyperpage{136}
-  \item strictly concave, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item strictly convex, \hyperpage{29}
-  \item strictly decreasing, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item strictly diagonally dominant by columns, \hyperpage{98}
-  \item strictly diagonally dominant by rows, \hyperpage{98}
-  \item strictly increasing, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item Strong duality theorem, \hyperpage{51}
-  \item Strong law, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item Strong Markov property, \hyperpage{320, 321}
-  \item strongly consistent estimator, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item Strum's sequence, \hyperpage{91}
+		\hyperpage{223}
+  \item semi-stable, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item semiaffinity, \hyperpage{70}
+  \item Semidiscrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{270}
+  \item semidiscrete Fourier transform, \hyperpage{270}
+  \item Semidiscrete Parseval identity, \hyperpage{270}
+  \item semidynamical system, \hyperpage{130}
+  \item semilinear, \hyperpage{310}
+  \item semilinear isomorphism, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item Seminorm, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item seminorm, \hyperpage{94}, \hyperpage{308}
+  \item sensitive dependence on initial conditions, \hyperpage{230}
+  \item Separability theorem, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item separable, \hyperpage{168}, \hyperpage{301}
+  \item Separable extension, \hyperpage{168}
+  \item separate the points, \hyperpage{303}
+  \item separated, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item separated by closed neighbourhoods, \hyperpage{207}
+  \item separating set, \hyperpage{303}
+  \item Separation of variables, \hyperpage{123}, \hyperpage{283}
+  \item separation of variables, \hyperpage{283}
+  \item sequence, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item sequence of complex functions, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item sequence of complex numbers, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item sequence of real functions, \hyperpage{77}
+  \item sequence of real numbers, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item series of functions, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{107}
+  \item set, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item set difference, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item set of interior vectors, \hyperpage{157}
+  \item set of left cosets, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item set of periodic points, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item set of periods, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item set of polynomials, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item set of right cosets, \hyperpage{39}
+  \item set of zero-content, \hyperpage{174}
+  \item shape, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item Sharkovskii's order, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item Sharkovskii's theorem, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item Shift map, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item shift map, \hyperpage{229}
+  \item Shooting method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item shooting method, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item Sierpiński topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item sign, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item signature, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item signed curvature, \hyperpage{145}
+  \item significance level, \hyperpage{198, 199}
+  \item significant, \hyperpage{89}
+  \item similar, \hyperpage{20}, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item similitude ratio of the homothety, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item simple, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{90}, \hyperpage{116}, 
+		\hyperpage{164}, \hyperpage{170}, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item simple curve, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item simple function, \hyperpage{295}
+  \item Simple model, \hyperpage{250}
+  \item simple random sample, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item simple random variable, \hyperpage{182}
+  \item simple random walk, \hyperpage{319}
+  \item Simple ratio, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item simple ratio, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item simple region, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item Simplex method: Phase I, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item Simplex method: Phase II, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item simply connected, \hyperpage{116}, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item simply normal, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item Simpson's rule, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item singular point, \hyperpage{131}, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item Singular value, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item Singular value decomposition, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item singular value decomposition, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item singular values, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item sink, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item size, \hyperpage{49}, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item Skorokhod's representation theorem, \hyperpage{190}
+  \item Slutsky's theorem, \hyperpage{190}
+  \item small change, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Sobolev space, \hyperpage{289}
+  \item Sobolev spaces, \hyperpage{338}
+  \item solution, \hyperpage{90}, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item solution of a system of equations, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item solution of the ode, \hyperpage{122}
+  \item solvable, \hyperpage{41}, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item solvable by radicals, \hyperpage{170}
+  \item SOR, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item source, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item space of rapidly decreasing functions, \hyperpage{243}
+  \item special orthogonal group, \hyperpage{145}
+  \item specific heat capacity, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item spectral radius, \hyperpage{98}
+  \item Spectral theorem, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{313}
+  \item spectral values, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item spectrum, \hyperpage{97}, \hyperpage{309}
+  \item sphere, \hyperpage{54}
+  \item Spline, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item spline, \hyperpage{94}
+  \item splits into linear factors, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item Splitting field, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item splitting field, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item Squeeze theorem, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item SSS criterion, \hyperpage{64}
+  \item stability function, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item stability number, \hyperpage{134}
+  \item stability region, \hyperpage{261}, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item stabilizer, \hyperpage{40}
+  \item stable, \hyperpage{136}, \hyperpage{261}, \hyperpage{269}, 
+		\hyperpage{274}, \hyperpage{328}
+  \item stable degenerated node, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item stable focus, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item stable manifold, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item stable node, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item stable star, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item standard, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item standard $n$-simplex, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item Standard deviation, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item standard deviation, \hyperpage{178}, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item standard error, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item standard form, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item Standard normal distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item standard normal distribution, \hyperpage{178}
+  \item standardized form, \hyperpage{179}
+  \item star domain, \hyperpage{115}
+  \item state space, \hyperpage{316}, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item states, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item stationary distribution, \hyperpage{325}, \hyperpage{329}
+  \item stationary increments, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item Statistic, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item statistic, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item statistical model, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item Steepest descent, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item Steffensen's method, \hyperpage{92}
+  \item Steinitz exchange lemma, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item Steinitz's theorem, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item step size, \hyperpage{258}, \hyperpage{264}
+  \item Stereographic projection, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item stereographic projection, \hyperpage{105}
+  \item stiff equations, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item stiffness matrix, \hyperpage{276}
+  \item Stirling's formula, \hyperpage{81}
+  \item Stochastic matrix, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item stochastic matrix, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item Stochastic process, \hyperpage{316}
+  \item stochastic process, \hyperpage{316}
+  \item stochastically equivalent, \hyperpage{331}
+  \item Stokes theorem, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item Stokes' theorem, \hyperpage{62}
+  \item Stolz-Cesàro theorem, \hyperpage{27}
+  \item Stone-Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item stopping time, \hyperpage{321}
+  \item strict Lyapunov function, \hyperpage{137}
+  \item strictly concave, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item strictly convex, \hyperpage{30}
+  \item strictly decreasing, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item strictly diagonally dominant by columns, \hyperpage{99}
+  \item strictly diagonally dominant by rows, \hyperpage{99}
+  \item strictly increasing, \hyperpage{26}, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item Strong duality theorem, \hyperpage{52}
+  \item Strong law, \hyperpage{191}
+  \item Strong Markov property, \hyperpage{321, 322}
+  \item strongly consistent estimator, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item Strum's sequence, \hyperpage{92}
   \item Student's $t$-distribution with $n$ degrees of freedom, 
-		\hyperpage{196}
-  \item Sturm's sequence, \hyperpage{91}
-  \item Sturm's theorem, \hyperpage{91}
-  \item Sturm-Picone comparison theorem, \hyperpage{282}
-  \item sub-multiplicativity, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item subalgebra, \hyperpage{302}
-  \item subbasis, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item subcover, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item subfield generated, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item Subgroup, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item subgroup, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item subgroup generated, \hyperpage{36}
-  \item sublinear, \hyperpage{305}
-  \item submanifold, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item submanifold with boundary, \hyperpage{156}
-  \item Submersion, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item submersion, \hyperpage{145}
-  \item subordinated matrix norm, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item Subring, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item subring, \hyperpage{41}
-  \item subring generated, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item Subsequence, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item subsequence, \hyperpage{25}
-  \item subset, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item subspace topology, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item Substitution principle, \hyperpage{314}
-  \item success, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item Successive over-relaxation \\method, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item Successive over-relaxation method, \hyperpage{99}
-  \item sufficient, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item sum, \hyperpage{10}, \hyperpage{12}, \hyperpage{15}, 
-		\hyperpage{69}
-  \item sum of the series, \hyperpage{75}, \hyperpage{105}
-  \item sum of the series in a pointwise sense, \hyperpage{77}, 
-		\hyperpage{106}
-  \item sum of the series in an uniform sense, \hyperpage{77}, 
-		\hyperpage{106}
-  \item support, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{145}, 
-		\hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{179}, \hyperpage{241}
-  \item support points, \hyperpage{92}
-  \item supremum, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item Supremum axiom, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item supremum norm, \hyperpage{302}
-  \item surface, \hyperpage{57}, \hyperpage{146}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item surface integral, \hyperpage{60, 61}
-  \item surface intergal, \hyperpage{158}
-  \item Surface of revolution, \hyperpage{33}
-  \item surface of revolution, \hyperpage{146}
-  \item surjective, \hyperpage{6}, \hyperpage{120}
-  \item SVD, \hyperpage{264}
-  \item Sylow $p$-subgroup, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item Sylvester's criterion, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item Sylvester's law of inertia, \hyperpage{22}
-  \item symmetric, \hyperpage{21}, \hyperpage{61}
-  \item Symmetric difference formula of order 1, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item Symmetric difference formula of order 2, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item symmetric group, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{37}
-  \item symmetric polynomial, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item Symmetric polynomials, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item symmetric with respect to the $x$-axis, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item symmetric with respect to the $y$-axis, \hyperpage{220}
-  \item Symmetry principle, \hyperpage{119}
-  \item system of linear differential equations, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item system of linear equations, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item system of ordinary differential equations, \hyperpage{121}
+		\hyperpage{197}
+  \item Sturm's sequence, \hyperpage{92}
+  \item Sturm's theorem, \hyperpage{92}
+  \item Sturm-Picone comparison theorem, \hyperpage{283}
+  \item sub-multiplicativity, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item subalgebra, \hyperpage{303}
+  \item subbasis, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item subcover, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item subfield generated, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item Subgroup, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item subgroup, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item subgroup generated, \hyperpage{37}
+  \item sublinear, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item submanifold, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item submanifold with boundary, \hyperpage{157}
+  \item Submersion, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item submersion, \hyperpage{146}
+  \item subordinated matrix norm, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item Subring, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item subring, \hyperpage{42}
+  \item subring generated, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item Subsequence, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item subsequence, \hyperpage{26}
+  \item subset, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item subspace topology, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item Substitution principle, \hyperpage{315}
+  \item success, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item Successive over-relaxation \\method, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item Successive over-relaxation method, \hyperpage{100}
+  \item sufficient, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item sum, \hyperpage{11}, \hyperpage{13}, \hyperpage{16}, 
+		\hyperpage{70}
+  \item sum of the series, \hyperpage{76}, \hyperpage{106}
+  \item sum of the series in a pointwise sense, \hyperpage{78}, 
+		\hyperpage{107}
+  \item sum of the series in an uniform sense, \hyperpage{78}, 
+		\hyperpage{107}
+  \item support, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{79}, \hyperpage{146}, 
+		\hyperpage{176}, \hyperpage{180}, \hyperpage{242}
+  \item support points, \hyperpage{93}
+  \item supremum, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item Supremum axiom, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item supremum norm, \hyperpage{303}
+  \item surface, \hyperpage{58}, \hyperpage{147}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item surface integral, \hyperpage{61, 62}
+  \item surface intergal, \hyperpage{159}
+  \item Surface of revolution, \hyperpage{34}
+  \item surface of revolution, \hyperpage{147}
+  \item surjective, \hyperpage{7}, \hyperpage{121}
+  \item SVD, \hyperpage{265}
+  \item Sylow $p$-subgroup, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item Sylvester's criterion, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item Sylvester's law of inertia, \hyperpage{23}
+  \item symmetric, \hyperpage{22}, \hyperpage{62}
+  \item Symmetric difference formula of order 1, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item Symmetric difference formula of order 2, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item symmetric group, \hyperpage{8}, \hyperpage{38}
+  \item symmetric polynomial, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item Symmetric polynomials, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item symmetric with respect to the $x$-axis, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item symmetric with respect to the $y$-axis, \hyperpage{221}
+  \item Symmetry principle, \hyperpage{120}
+  \item system of linear differential equations, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item system of linear equations, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item system of ordinary differential equations, \hyperpage{122}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item tangent, \hyperpage{153}, \hyperpage{155}
-  \item tangent function, \hyperpage{147}
-  \item tangent line, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item tangent, \hyperpage{154}, \hyperpage{156}
+  \item tangent function, \hyperpage{148}
+  \item tangent line, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{144}
   \item tangent line to the graph at the point $(x_0,f(x_0))$, 
-		\hyperpage{28}
-  \item tangent plane, \hyperpage{146}
-  \item tangent space, \hyperpage{146}, \hyperpage{155, 156}
-  \item tangent vector, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{146}, 
-		\hyperpage{155}
-  \item tangent vector field, \hyperpage{138}
-  \item Taxicab metric, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item Taylor method, \hyperpage{258}
-  \item Taylor method of order $r$, \hyperpage{258}
+		\hyperpage{29}
+  \item tangent plane, \hyperpage{147}
+  \item tangent space, \hyperpage{147}, \hyperpage{156, 157}
+  \item tangent vector, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{147}, 
+		\hyperpage{156}
+  \item tangent vector field, \hyperpage{139}
+  \item Taxicab metric, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item Taylor method, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item Taylor method of order $r$, \hyperpage{259}
   \item Taylor polynomial of order $n$ of $f$ centered at $a$, 
-		\hyperpage{30}
-  \item Taylor's theorem, \hyperpage{56}
-  \item tempered distribution, \hyperpage{242}
-  \item tends to the boundary, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item terminal point, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item test, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item test functions, \hyperpage{239}
-  \item Test of homogenity, \hyperpage{200}
-  \item Test of independence, \hyperpage{200}
-  \item test problem, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item test statistic, \hyperpage{198}
-  \item the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator, \hyperpage{250}
-  \item The center manifold theorem, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item The stable manifold theorem, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item theorem, \hyperpage{66}
-  \item theoretical quantiles, \hyperpage{203}
-  \item thermal conductivity, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item thermal diffusivity, \hyperpage{277}
-  \item thin QR decomposition, \hyperpage{266}
-  \item Third isomorphism theorem, \hyperpage{17}, \hyperpage{39}, 
-		\hyperpage{43}
-  \item Third Sylow theorem, \hyperpage{40}
-  \item Tietze extension theorem, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item time-homogeneous Markov chain, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item TNB frame, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item tolerance, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item Tonelli's theorem, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{298}
-  \item topological embedding, \hyperpage{213}
-  \item topological homeomorphism, \hyperpage{305}
-  \item Topological manifold, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item topological manifold, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item topological property, \hyperpage{212}
-  \item Topological space, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item topological space, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item topological subspace, \hyperpage{207}
-  \item topologically conjugate, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item topologically equivalent, \hyperpage{130}
-  \item topologically transitive, \hyperpage{229}
-  \item topology, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item topology generated, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item Topology induced from the metric, \hyperpage{204}
-  \item torsion, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item Torus, \hyperpage{209}
-  \item torus, \hyperpage{209}
-  \item total mean of squares, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item total order relation, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item total subset, \hyperpage{300}
-  \item total sum of squares, \hyperpage{251}
-  \item totally disconnected, \hyperpage{214}
-  \item totally isotropic, \hyperpage{73}
-  \item Tower formula, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item tower of fields, \hyperpage{164}
-  \item trace, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{288}
-  \item Trace theorem, \hyperpage{288}
-  \item Traffic flow equation, \hyperpage{279}
-  \item trail, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item trajectories, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item transcendental, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item Transcritical bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item transcritical bifurcation, \hyperpage{222}
-  \item transient, \hyperpage{321}, \hyperpage{323}
-  \item transition functions, \hyperpage{215}
-  \item transition matrix, \hyperpage{317}
-  \item transition probabilities, \hyperpage{317}, \hyperpage{325}
-  \item transitive, \hyperpage{168}
-  \item translation, \hyperpage{70}, \hyperpage{118}
-  \item Translations, \hyperpage{70}
-  \item transpose, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item Transposition, \hyperpage{13}
-  \item transposition, \hyperpage{7}
-  \item transversal section, \hyperpage{131}
-  \item Trapezoidal method, \hyperpage{258}
-  \item Trapezoidal rule, \hyperpage{94}
-  \item traversable, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item tree, \hyperpage{49}
-  \item triangle, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item Triangular inequality, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{71}
-  \item triangular inequality, \hyperpage{52}, \hyperpage{204}, 
-		\hyperpage{299}
-  \item triangular system, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item triangularization, \hyperpage{217}
-  \item triple, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item trivial $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{171}
-  \item Trivial topology, \hyperpage{205}
-  \item true, \hyperpage{176}
-  \item truncated, \hyperpage{265}
-  \item truncated Hilbert transform, \hyperpage{246}
-  \item truncated singular value decomposition, \hyperpage{265}
-  \item TSVD, \hyperpage{265}
-  \item two times differentiable, \hyperpage{30}
-  \item two times differentiable at $a$, \hyperpage{30}
-  \item two-sided test, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item Tychonoff's theorem, \hyperpage{212}
+		\hyperpage{31}
+  \item Taylor's theorem, \hyperpage{57}
+  \item tempered distribution, \hyperpage{244}
+  \item tends to the boundary, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item terminal point, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item test, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item test functions, \hyperpage{240}
+  \item Test of homogenity, \hyperpage{201}
+  \item Test of independence, \hyperpage{201}
+  \item test problem, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item test statistic, \hyperpage{199}
+  \item the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator, \hyperpage{251}
+  \item The center manifold theorem, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item The stable manifold theorem, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item theorem, \hyperpage{67}
+  \item theoretical quantiles, \hyperpage{204}
+  \item thermal conductivity, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item thermal diffusivity, \hyperpage{278}
+  \item thin QR decomposition, \hyperpage{267}
+  \item Third isomorphism theorem, \hyperpage{18}, \hyperpage{40}, 
+		\hyperpage{44}
+  \item Third Sylow theorem, \hyperpage{41}
+  \item Tietze extension theorem, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item time-homogeneous Markov chain, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item TNB frame, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item tolerance, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item Tonelli's theorem, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{299}
+  \item topological embedding, \hyperpage{214}
+  \item topological homeomorphism, \hyperpage{306}
+  \item Topological manifold, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item topological manifold, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item topological property, \hyperpage{213}
+  \item Topological space, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item topological space, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item topological subspace, \hyperpage{208}
+  \item topologically conjugate, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item topologically equivalent, \hyperpage{131}
+  \item topologically transitive, \hyperpage{230}
+  \item topology, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item topology generated, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item Topology induced from the metric, \hyperpage{205}
+  \item torsion, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item Torus, \hyperpage{210}
+  \item torus, \hyperpage{210}
+  \item total mean of squares, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item total order relation, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item total subset, \hyperpage{301}
+  \item total sum of squares, \hyperpage{252}
+  \item totally disconnected, \hyperpage{215}
+  \item totally isotropic, \hyperpage{74}
+  \item Tower formula, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item tower of fields, \hyperpage{165}
+  \item Tower property, \hyperpage{337}
+  \item trace, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{289}
+  \item Trace theorem, \hyperpage{289}
+  \item Traffic flow equation, \hyperpage{280}
+  \item trail, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item trajectories, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item transcendental, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item Transcritical bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item transcritical bifurcation, \hyperpage{223}
+  \item transient, \hyperpage{322}, \hyperpage{324}
+  \item transition functions, \hyperpage{216}
+  \item transition matrix, \hyperpage{318}
+  \item transition probabilities, \hyperpage{318}, \hyperpage{326}
+  \item transitive, \hyperpage{169}
+  \item translation, \hyperpage{71}, \hyperpage{119}
+  \item Translations, \hyperpage{71}
+  \item transpose, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item Transposition, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item transposition, \hyperpage{8}
+  \item transversal section, \hyperpage{132}
+  \item Trapezoidal method, \hyperpage{259}
+  \item Trapezoidal rule, \hyperpage{95}
+  \item traversable, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item tree, \hyperpage{50}
+  \item triangle, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item Triangular inequality, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{72}
+  \item triangular inequality, \hyperpage{53}, \hyperpage{205}, 
+		\hyperpage{300}
+  \item triangular system, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item triangularization, \hyperpage{218}
+  \item triple, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item trivial $\sigma $-algebra, \hyperpage{172}
+  \item Trivial topology, \hyperpage{206}
+  \item true, \hyperpage{177}
+  \item truncated, \hyperpage{266}
+  \item truncated Hilbert transform, \hyperpage{247}
+  \item truncated singular value decomposition, \hyperpage{266}
+  \item TSVD, \hyperpage{266}
+  \item two times differentiable, \hyperpage{31}
+  \item two times differentiable at $a$, \hyperpage{31}
+  \item two-sided test, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item Tychonoff's theorem, \hyperpage{213}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item UFD, \hyperpage{44}
-  \item umbilic point, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item UMP, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item unbiased estimator, \hyperpage{192}
-  \item Uncertainty principle, \hyperpage{237}
+  \item UFD, \hyperpage{45}
+  \item umbilic point, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item UMP, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item unbiased estimator, \hyperpage{193}
+  \item Uncertainty principle, \hyperpage{238}
   \item Uncertainty principle in $\ensuremath  {\mathbb  {R}}^n$, 
-		\hyperpage{237}
-  \item unconditionally absolutely stable, \hyperpage{260}
-  \item unconditionally convergent, \hyperpage{267}
-  \item uncorrelated, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item uncountable, \hyperpage{24}
-  \item Unicity of the splitting field, \hyperpage{166}
-  \item uniform norm, \hyperpage{300}, \hyperpage{302}
-  \item uniformly bounded, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item uniformly continuous, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{54}
-  \item uniformly convergent, \hyperpage{116}
-  \item uniformly equicontinuous, \hyperpage{124}, \hyperpage{303}
-  \item uniformly most powerful, \hyperpage{199}
-  \item union, \hyperpage{5}
-  \item unique factorization domain, \hyperpage{44}
-  \item Uniqueness of Dirichlet problem, \hyperpage{287}
-  \item Uniqueness of the heat equation, \hyperpage{286}
+		\hyperpage{238}
+  \item unconditionally absolutely stable, \hyperpage{261}
+  \item unconditionally convergent, \hyperpage{268}
+  \item uncorrelated, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item uncountable, \hyperpage{25}
+  \item Unicity of the splitting field, \hyperpage{167}
+  \item uniform norm, \hyperpage{301}, \hyperpage{303}
+  \item uniformly bounded, \hyperpage{125}, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item uniformly continuous, \hyperpage{33}, \hyperpage{55}
+  \item uniformly convergent, \hyperpage{117}
+  \item uniformly equicontinuous, \hyperpage{125}, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item uniformly most powerful, \hyperpage{200}
+  \item union, \hyperpage{6}
+  \item unique factorization domain, \hyperpage{45}
+  \item Uniqueness of Dirichlet problem, \hyperpage{288}
+  \item Uniqueness of the heat equation, \hyperpage{287}
   \item Uniqueness of the heat equation on the unbounded domains, 
-		\hyperpage{287}
-  \item unit, \hyperpage{42}
-  \item unit normal exterior vector field, \hyperpage{157}
-  \item unit normal vector, \hyperpage{142}
-  \item unit-speed parametrization, \hyperpage{140}
-  \item Universal property of polynomials, \hyperpage{44}
+		\hyperpage{288}
+  \item unit, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item unit normal exterior vector field, \hyperpage{158}
+  \item unit normal vector, \hyperpage{143}
+  \item unit-speed parametrization, \hyperpage{141}
+  \item Universal property of polynomials, \hyperpage{45}
   \item Universal property of polynomials in several variables, 
-		\hyperpage{44}, \hyperpage{161}
-  \item Universal property of the field of fractions, \hyperpage{162}
-  \item unknowns, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item unoriented vector space, \hyperpage{141}, \hyperpage{216}
-  \item unstable, \hyperpage{135}
-  \item unstable degenerated node, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item unstable focus, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item unstable manifold, \hyperpage{221}
-  \item unstable node, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item unstable star, \hyperpage{132}
-  \item upper bound, \hyperpage{24}, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item upper integral, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item upper sum, \hyperpage{31}, \hyperpage{57}
-  \item upper triangular, \hyperpage{96}
-  \item upwind condition, \hyperpage{268}
-  \item Urysohn's lemma, \hyperpage{211}
-  \item Urysohn's metrization theorem, \hyperpage{211}
+		\hyperpage{45}, \hyperpage{162}
+  \item Universal property of the field of fractions, \hyperpage{163}
+  \item unknowns, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item unoriented vector space, \hyperpage{142}, \hyperpage{217}
+  \item unstable, \hyperpage{136}
+  \item unstable degenerated node, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item unstable focus, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item unstable manifold, \hyperpage{222}
+  \item unstable node, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item unstable star, \hyperpage{133}
+  \item upper bound, \hyperpage{25}, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item upper integral, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item upper sum, \hyperpage{32}, \hyperpage{58}
+  \item upper triangular, \hyperpage{97}
+  \item upwind condition, \hyperpage{269}
+  \item Urysohn's lemma, \hyperpage{212}
+  \item Urysohn's metrization theorem, \hyperpage{212}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Van der Pol oscillator, \hyperpage{227}
-  \item vanishes nowhere, \hyperpage{302}
-  \item variable, \hyperpage{10}
-  \item variables, \hyperpage{12}
-  \item Variacions with repetition, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item Variance, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item variance, \hyperpage{177}, \hyperpage{184}
-  \item variance inflation factor, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item Variation of constants, \hyperpage{122}
-  \item variational equations, \hyperpage{128}
-  \item variational formulation, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item Variations without repetition, \hyperpage{9}
-  \item vector field, \hyperpage{59}, \hyperpage{151}, \hyperpage{153}, 
-		\hyperpage{155}
-  \item vector space, \hyperpage{14}
+  \item Van der Pol oscillator, \hyperpage{228}
+  \item vanishes nowhere, \hyperpage{304}
+  \item variable, \hyperpage{11}
+  \item variables, \hyperpage{13}
+  \item Variacions with repetition, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item Variance, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item variance, \hyperpage{178}, \hyperpage{185}
+  \item variance inflation factor, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item Variation of constants, \hyperpage{123}
+  \item variational equations, \hyperpage{129}
+  \item variational formulation, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item Variations without repetition, \hyperpage{10}
+  \item vector field, \hyperpage{60}, \hyperpage{152}, \hyperpage{154}, 
+		\hyperpage{156}
+  \item vector space, \hyperpage{15}
   \item vector space of polynomials with real coefficients and degree less than or equal to $n$, 
-		\hyperpage{92}
-  \item vector subspace, \hyperpage{15}
-  \item vectors, \hyperpage{14}
-  \item version, \hyperpage{330}
-  \item vertices, \hyperpage{159}
-  \item VIF, \hyperpage{254}
-  \item Viscid flow, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item Volterra operator with kernel $K$, \hyperpage{306}
-  \item volume, \hyperpage{174}, \hyperpage{290}
-  \item volume element, \hyperpage{155}, \hyperpage{157}
-  \item Volume of revolution, \hyperpage{33}
+		\hyperpage{93}
+  \item vector subspace, \hyperpage{16}
+  \item vectors, \hyperpage{15}
+  \item version, \hyperpage{331}
+  \item vertices, \hyperpage{160}
+  \item VIF, \hyperpage{255}
+  \item Viscid flow, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item Volterra operator with kernel $K$, \hyperpage{307}
+  \item volume, \hyperpage{175}, \hyperpage{291}
+  \item volume element, \hyperpage{156}, \hyperpage{158}
+  \item Volume of revolution, \hyperpage{34}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Wald test, \hyperpage{200}
-  \item Wald theorem, \hyperpage{314}
-  \item walk, \hyperpage{48}
-  \item Waring's method, \hyperpage{163}
-  \item Wave equation, \hyperpage{139}, \hyperpage{276}
-  \item wave equation, \hyperpage{139}
-  \item wave function, \hyperpage{278}
-  \item Weak duality theorem, \hyperpage{50}
-  \item weak formulation, \hyperpage{274}
-  \item Weak law, \hyperpage{189}
-  \item weakly consistent estimator, \hyperpage{193}
-  \item Weierstra\ss ' theorem, \hyperpage{54}, \hyperpage{113}, 
-		\hyperpage{213}
-  \item Weierstra\ss \ approximation theorem, \hyperpage{78}
-  \item Weierstra\ss \ kernel, \hyperpage{233}
-  \item Weierstra\ss \ M-test, \hyperpage{77}, \hyperpage{106}
-  \item Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{27}
-  \item Weingarten endomorphsim, \hyperpage{148}
-  \item well-conditioned, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item well-order relation, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item well-ordered set, \hyperpage{8}
-  \item well-posed, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item well-posed in the Hadamard sense, \hyperpage{257}
-  \item Wiener process, \hyperpage{329}
-  \item winding number, \hyperpage{112}
-  \item Wintner lemma, \hyperpage{125}
-  \item Wirtinger operators, \hyperpage{110}
-  \item Wirtinger's inequality, \hyperpage{86, 87}
-  \item Witt's theorem, \hyperpage{73}
+  \item Wald test, \hyperpage{201}
+  \item Wald theorem, \hyperpage{315}
+  \item walk, \hyperpage{49}
+  \item Waring's method, \hyperpage{164}
+  \item Wave equation, \hyperpage{140}, \hyperpage{277}
+  \item wave equation, \hyperpage{140}
+  \item wave function, \hyperpage{279}
+  \item Weak duality theorem, \hyperpage{51}
+  \item weak formulation, \hyperpage{275}
+  \item Weak law, \hyperpage{190}
+  \item weakly consistent estimator, \hyperpage{194}
+  \item Weierstra\ss ' theorem, \hyperpage{55}, \hyperpage{114}, 
+		\hyperpage{214}
+  \item Weierstra\ss \ approximation theorem, \hyperpage{79}
+  \item Weierstra\ss \ kernel, \hyperpage{234}
+  \item Weierstra\ss \ M-test, \hyperpage{78}, \hyperpage{107}
+  \item Weierstra\ss \ theorem, \hyperpage{28}
+  \item Weingarten endomorphsim, \hyperpage{149}
+  \item well-conditioned, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item well-order relation, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item well-ordered set, \hyperpage{9}
+  \item well-posed, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item well-posed in the Hadamard sense, \hyperpage{258}
+  \item Wiener process, \hyperpage{330}
+  \item winding number, \hyperpage{113}
+  \item Wintner lemma, \hyperpage{126}
+  \item Wirtinger operators, \hyperpage{111}
+  \item Wirtinger's inequality, \hyperpage{87, 88}
+  \item Witt's theorem, \hyperpage{74}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item Young's convolution inequality, \hyperpage{236}
-  \item Young's inequality for products, \hyperpage{301}
+  \item Young's convolution inequality, \hyperpage{237}
+  \item Young's inequality for products, \hyperpage{302}
 
   \indexspace
 
-  \item zero, \hyperpage{89}
-  \item zero divisor, \hyperpage{43}
+  \item zero, \hyperpage{90}
+  \item zero divisor, \hyperpage{44}
   \item zero of multiplicity $m\in \ensuremath  {\mathbb  {N}}$, 
-		\hyperpage{89}
-  \item Zero-one loss function, \hyperpage{202}
-  \item zero-stable, \hyperpage{261}
-  \item Zorn's lemma, \hyperpage{125}
+		\hyperpage{90}
+  \item Zero-one loss function, \hyperpage{203}
+  \item zero-stable, \hyperpage{262}
+  \item Zorn's lemma, \hyperpage{126}
 
 \end{theindex}
diff --git a/main_math.tex b/main_math.tex
index 087600f..8618a04 100644
--- a/main_math.tex
+++ b/main_math.tex
@@ -97,6 +97,16 @@ \chapter{Fourth year}
 \subfile{Mathematics/4th/Stochastic_processes/Stochastic_processes.tex}
 \cleardoublepage
 
+
+\chapter{Fourth year}
+\newpage
+
+\subfile{Mathematics/5th/Advanced_probability/Advanced_probability.tex}
+\cleardoublepage
+
+\subfile{Mathematics/5th/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs/Advanced_topics_in_functional_analysis_and_PDEs.tex}
+\cleardoublepage
+
 \printindex
 
 \end{document}