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Vim

Note

Intern check Todo: notes., master., logger., todo. and paper notes for examples.
Maybe useful: fb mapping, argdo, bufdo, search and replace without plugins, completions, navigate functions/methods

Learning Vim

I learned vim in a way most younger people can't imagine I didn't know any books, youtube wasn't available and I didn't know what a plugin is. My first vim contact was a remote session from Windows via telnet to a linux machine which I couldn't figure out to quit - no joke.
Finally I did alt+F4...

But since that time I got hooked, and I didn't regret to learn it. I still use Vim today. I do almost all of my work with it.

Note

♨️ If you prefer to learn by video rather than by book then I can recommend the Vim Masterclass on Udemy. It certainly took me more years of "learning by doing" to learn what is taught in the course. It's not an affiliate link.

I try to watch as few vim videos on youtube as possible because they might distract me too much from my work but there are some great youtuber's fiddling with vim/neovim e.g.:

Recently I came across a video series that is a kind of quantum leap for me ...

General

    open file todo.md and jump to line 39
    vim +39 todo.md

    delete from current line to last line visible on screen
    dL

    delete from current cursor position up to PATTERN
    d/PATTERN

    display the character count of the current file
    g CTRL-G

    To turn off highlighting until the next search
    :noh

    Indent text
    - insert mode: ctrl-t / ctrl-d
    - normal mode: >> / <<
    
    Movement command in insert mode e.g. to go forward one word type 
    ctrl+o w

    jump to next / previous empty line
    } / {

    cancel auto completion
    ctrl + e

    Pipe result to vim
    e.g.:
        rg -i PATTERN | vim -
        python abr.py | vim -

    Paste clipboard content while in insert mode 
    (depends on OS and compile options listed :version)
    ctrl+r *
    ctrl+r "

    send current line to vim terminal
    1. copy current line with yy
    2. :term
    3. ctrl+w ""

    Substiute with confirmation
    :%s/foo/bar/gc

    Count number of matches of a pattern
    :%s/pattern//n

    Show content of registers
    :reg

    Insert from register e.g. m
    "mp

    To run your last search again
    //

Navigation

file / complete buffer

gg -> jump to begin of file
G -> jump to end of file

visible buffer

H -> buffer viewport high
M -> buffer viewport middle
L -> buffer viewport low

line

0 -> jump to begin of line
_ -> jump to begin of first char in line
$ -> jump to end of line

misc

[[, ]] -> jump between methods
]c, c] -> jump between changes
]g, g] -> jump between warning/error messages (lsp needed)
ctrl+o, ctrl+i -> jump using jumplist

Export to HTML including manual folds

  :set background=light
  :TOhtml

Digraph / unicode

In insert mode ctrl + k followed by >> will result in: »

<< «
Rg ®
TM ™
Co ©
OK ✓

Encryption

Remove encryption key from file which was set with :X

  :set key=
  :w

Troubleshooting

Info: https://vi.stackexchange.com/questions/2003/how-do-i-debug-my-vimrc-file

vim -u NONE -U NONE -N

Capture ex command output to buffer e.g. :version

  :redir @m | silent version | redir END
  "mp

RegEx

NOTE: untested :g can possibly be omitted

Add " to the begin of the line -> : instead of / used for better readability
:%s:^:":g

Add " to the end of the line -> : instead of / used for better readability
:%s:$:":g

vimgrep

    vimgrep /PATTERN/f % | copen
        vimgrep   - grep for
        /PATTERN/ - PATTERN
        f         - with fuzzy mode
        %         - in current file
        | copen   - open quickfix window for results

Search and replace special chars

  • Cursor on char
  • typing ga to identify what it is
  • Use \%u pattern to search for the four digits hex e.g. %s/\%ufb01//gn to remove fb01

Folding

  • za toggle fold under cursor
  • zR open all folds
  • zMclose all folds

Mapping in vimrc to toggle a fold when cursor is on the fold

    nmap <space> zA

Buffer

    :buffers
    :Buffers (if fzf plugin is used :BLines to search in buffer)

    jump between last and current buffer
    ctrl+6 or :b#

    alle Buffer schließen, bis auf die die noch nicht gespeichert sind
    :%bd

    Split buffer vertical
    ctrl+wv

    Split buffer horizontal
    ctrl+ws

Marks

    show current marks
    :marks

    set mark m at current cursor location
    mm

    jump to line of mark m
    'm

    jump to position (row and column) of mark m
    `m

    yank text to from cursor to position of mark m
    y`m

    delete from current line to line of mark m
    d'm

    delete from current cursor position to mark m position
    d`m

Export diff as html

vim -d old.txt new.txt -c TOhtml -c "w! diff.html" -c q! -c q! -c q!

Macro execution

Source: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/390174/in-vim-how-do-i-apply-a-macro-to-a-set-of-lines

Execute the macro stored in register a on lines 5 through 10.
:5,10norm! @a

Execute the macro stored in register a on lines 5 through the end of the file.
:5,$norm! @a

Execute the macro stored in register a on all lines.
:%norm! @a

oder
:%normal @a

Execute the macro store in register a on all lines matching pattern.
:g/pattern/norm! @a

To execute the macro on visually selected lines, press V and the j or k 
until the desired region is selected. Then type :norm! @a and observe 
the that following input line is shown.
:'<,'>norm! @a

Creating scripts

vim -w script.vim

Additional info: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3981535/using-the-w-option-of-vim

Convert German Umlaute

conv.vim:
    :%s/ö/ö/g
    :%s/ä/ä/g
    :%s/ü/ü/g
    :%s/ß/ß/g

in vimrc
command! CONV :so d:\vim\vimscripts\conv.vim

Show defined key mappings

:help index
:map
:verbose map

If you just want to see what mappings you have that are prefixed by a 
certain key, you can do
:map <key> 
to list them all.

Using Languagetool without plugins

Very very, crude way!

new | r! java -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -jar d:\apps\LanguageTool-5.1\languagetool-commandline.jar -c utf-8 -d WHITESPACE_RULE,EN_QUOTES -l de-DE

Python and vim

Check if Python and Vim are the same bit (64), not mixed!

Python dependencies and Anaconda on Win OS
chechk if `pythonhome=c:\Anaconda3` is set

check if defined in vimrc
let &pythonthreedll = 'C:\Anaconda3\python36.dll'

in vim
:echo has('python3')

vim --startuptime perf

Search for a pattern and if found delete to end of line

:%s/pattern.*//g

Let pattern be ?utm:

:%s/?utm.*$//g

  • :%s replace in whole buffer
  • ?utm.*$ is the search pattern that will match from starting ?utm up to the end of the line.
  • // pattern which replace the match in this case it's empty.
  • g means global, will replace multiple occurences in line. Could be omitted because we replace from pattern start till end of line, but it's my (bad) habit.

Append text to the end of multiple lines

before:

a
b
c

after:

a TEXT
b TEXT
c TEXT
  • visual select lines
  • type :norm A TEXT, this will add TEXT to the end of all lines visually selected

Prepend and append text to lines in command-line mode

  • used : insted of / for better readability
  • lines are marked visually '<,'>

before:

a
b
c

:'<,'>s:^:before

after:

before a
before b
before c

before:

before a
before b
before c

:'<,'>s:$: after:

after:

before a after
before b after
before c after

moving text

move lines containing PATTERN to top of current buffer.

g:PATTERN:m0

move lines matching match to another buffer

qaq -- to make sure named register a is empty
:g/match/y A -- to yank all matching lines into named register a (capital a to append)
:b2 -- to switch buffer
"ap -- to paste named register a

source https://www.reddit.com/r/vim/comments/1fmq9c8/comment/loch0vq/

If you find this notes helpful and want to support me, you can do so by Buy me a coffee! ☕ it will keep my motivation high and I will be really thankful.