diff --git a/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/__tests__/build-errors-test.js b/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/__tests__/build-errors-test.js
index 9b010f345a..6a39a29b30 100644
--- a/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/__tests__/build-errors-test.js
+++ b/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/__tests__/build-errors-test.js
@@ -113,6 +113,39 @@ describe('formatting edge cases', () => {
     await expect(buildPromise).rejects.toMatchSnapshot();
   });
 
+  test('reports resolution errors on locations past the end of the source', async () => {
+    // A Babel plugin appends an unresolvable import whose source location is
+    // past the end of the file on disk. The resolution error must survive:
+    // before, building the code frame threw a TypeError that replaced it.
+    const config = await Metro.loadConfig({
+      config: require.resolve('../metro.config.js'),
+    });
+
+    const buildPromise = Metro.runBuild(
+      {
+        ...config,
+        transformer: {
+          ...config.transformer,
+          babelTransformerPath:
+            require.resolve('../injectImportPastEndOfFileTransformer'),
+        },
+      },
+      {entry: 'build-errors/transform-injected-import.js'},
+    );
+
+    // Deliberately not a snapshot: the resolver's list of candidate paths
+    // varies between versions, and what matters here is only that the
+    // resolution error survives with a code frame of the lines that do exist.
+    const error = await buildPromise.then(
+      () => null,
+      (e: Error) => e,
+    );
+    expect(error?.message).toMatch(
+      /^Unable to resolve module \.\/does-not-exist/,
+    );
+    expect(error?.message).toContain('13 | global.x = 1;');
+  });
+
   test('reports resolution errors with embedded comment after the specifier', async () => {
     const config = await Metro.loadConfig({
       config: require.resolve('../metro.config.js'),
diff --git a/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/basic_bundle/build-errors/transform-injected-import.js b/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/basic_bundle/build-errors/transform-injected-import.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0df51fd906
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/basic_bundle/build-errors/transform-injected-import.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @flow strict-local
+ * @format
+ */
+
+// The unresolvable import in this module is added by a Babel plugin, not
+// written here - see injectImportPastEndOfFileTransformer.js.
+global.x = 1;
diff --git a/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/injectImportPastEndOfFileTransformer.js b/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/injectImportPastEndOfFileTransformer.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e75b85391a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/metro/src/integration_tests/injectImportPastEndOfFileTransformer.js
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @flow
+ * @format
+ * @oncall react_native
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+import type {PluginObj} from '@babel/core';
+import type {
+  BabelTransformer,
+  BabelTransformerArgs,
+} from 'metro-babel-transformer';
+
+const {parse} = require('@babel/parser');
+const baseTransformer = require('@react-native/metro-babel-transformer');
+
+const TARGET_FILE = 'transform-injected-import.js';
+const INJECTED_SPECIFIER = './does-not-exist';
+
+/**
+ * Returns a Babel plugin that appends `import './does-not-exist';` to the
+ * module, parsed at `startLine` - which is what a plugin that generates and
+ * appends code does, so that the generated code's locations do not overlap the
+ * author's.
+ *
+ * Given a `startLine` past the end of the file, the dependency Metro collects
+ * reports a source location that has no counterpart in the file on disk, which
+ * is what the resolution error's code frame has to tolerate.
+ */
+function injectImportAt(startLine: number): () => PluginObj<> {
+  return () => ({
+    name: 'metro-test-inject-import-past-end-of-file',
+    visitor: {
+      Program(path) {
+        const generated = parse(`import '${INJECTED_SPECIFIER}';`, {
+          sourceType: 'module',
+          startLine,
+        });
+        path.node.body.push(...generated.program.body);
+      },
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+function transform(args: BabelTransformerArgs) {
+  if (!args.filename.endsWith(TARGET_FILE)) {
+    return baseTransformer.transform(args);
+  }
+  // One line past the last line of the source, so the injected import's
+  // location does not exist in the file on disk.
+  const startLine = args.src.split('\n').length + 1;
+  return baseTransformer.transform({
+    ...args,
+    plugins: [...(args.plugins ?? []), injectImportAt(startLine)],
+  });
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  transform,
+  getCacheKey: baseTransformer.getCacheKey,
+} as BabelTransformer;
diff --git a/packages/metro/src/node-haste/DependencyGraph/ModuleResolution.js b/packages/metro/src/node-haste/DependencyGraph/ModuleResolution.js
index fef3b7fa63..d48a00125d 100644
--- a/packages/metro/src/node-haste/DependencyGraph/ModuleResolution.js
+++ b/packages/metro/src/node-haste/DependencyGraph/ModuleResolution.js
@@ -373,6 +373,11 @@ function refineDependencyLocation(
   // Note that module names may not always be found in the source code verbatim,
   // whether because of escaping or because of exotic dependency APIs.
   for (let line = loc.end.line - 1; line >= loc.start.line - 1; line--) {
+    // The error occurred in code that was added by a transform, then it
+    // won't be present in the original source code.
+    if (lines[line] == null) {
+      continue;
+    }
     const maxColumn =
       line === loc.end.line ? loc.end.column + 2 : lines[line].length;
     const minColumn = line === loc.start.line ? loc.start.column - 1 : 0;