diff --git a/config/locales/client.en.yml b/config/locales/client.en.yml
index c42beb0db86d1..5ec99a3353f1b 100644
--- a/config/locales/client.en.yml
+++ b/config/locales/client.en.yml
@@ -8411,6 +8411,7 @@ en:
           experimental: "Experimental"
         secret_list:
           invalid_input: "Input fields cannot be empty or contain vertical bar character."
+          already_exists: "Entry for %{key} already exists."
         default_categories:
           modal_description:
             one: "Would you like to apply this change historically? This will change preferences for %{count} existing user."
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/flags.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/flags.gjs
index 5c02dffece3db..5cebafeeba415 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/flags.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/flags.gjs
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 import Component from "@glimmer/component";
-import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import AdminFlagItem from "discourse/admin/components/admin-flag-item";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 export default class AdminConfigAreasFlags extends Component {
   @service site;
 
-  @tracked flags = this.site.flagTypes;
+  @trackedArray flags = this.site.flagTypes;
 
   @bind
   isFirstFlag(flag) {
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ export default class AdminConfigAreasFlags extends Component {
   }
 
   @action
-  moveFlagCallback(flag, direction) {
+  async moveFlagCallback(flag, direction) {
     const fallbackFlags = [...this.flags];
 
     const flags = this.flags;
@@ -39,23 +40,27 @@ export default class AdminConfigAreasFlags extends Component {
 
     this.flags = flags;
 
-    return ajax(`/admin/config/flags/${flag.id}/reorder/${direction}`, {
-      type: "PUT",
-    }).catch((error) => {
+    try {
+      await ajax(`/admin/config/flags/${flag.id}/reorder/${direction}`, {
+        type: "PUT",
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
       this.flags = fallbackFlags;
       return popupAjaxError(error);
-    });
+    }
   }
 
   @action
-  deleteFlagCallback(flag) {
-    return ajax(`/admin/config/flags/${flag.id}`, {
-      type: "DELETE",
-    })
-      .then(() => {
-        this.flags.removeObject(flag);
-      })
-      .catch((error) => popupAjaxError(error));
+  async deleteFlagCallback(flag) {
+    try {
+      await ajax(`/admin/config/flags/${flag.id}`, {
+        type: "DELETE",
+      });
+
+      removeValueFromArray(this.flags, flag);
+    } catch (error) {
+      popupAjaxError(error);
+    }
   }
 
   <template>
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/user-fields-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/user-fields-list.gjs
index 361ec20eb78f9..8cba1e2ff8ae7 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/user-fields-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/user-fields-list.gjs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export default class AdminConfigAreasUserFieldsList extends Component {
   moveUp(field) {
     const idx = this.sortedFields.indexOf(field);
     if (idx) {
-      const prev = this.sortedFields.objectAt(idx - 1);
+      const prev = this.sortedFields[idx - 1];
       const prevPos = prev.get("position");
 
       prev.update({ position: field.get("position") });
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export default class AdminConfigAreasUserFieldsList extends Component {
   moveDown(field) {
     const idx = this.sortedFields.indexOf(field);
     if (idx > -1) {
-      const next = this.sortedFields.objectAt(idx + 1);
+      const next = this.sortedFields[idx + 1];
       const nextPos = next.get("position");
 
       next.update({ position: field.get("position") });
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-form.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-form.gjs
index 6a7485689c23a..c2a89feb4c6c8 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-form.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-form.gjs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import GroupSelector from "discourse/components/group-selector";
 import PluginOutlet from "discourse/components/plugin-outlet";
 import lazyHash from "discourse/helpers/lazy-hash";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import CategorySelector from "discourse/select-kit/components/category-selector";
 import TagChooser from "discourse/select-kit/components/tag-chooser";
 import { eq } from "discourse/truth-helpers";
@@ -25,11 +26,11 @@ export default class AdminConfigAreasWebhookForm extends Component {
 
   @tracked loadingExtras = true;
 
-  @tracked webhookEventTypes = [];
   @tracked defaultEventTypes = {};
   @tracked groupedEventTypes = {};
   @tracked contentTypes = [];
   @tracked deliveryStatuses = [];
+  @trackedArray webhookEventTypes = [];
 
   constructor() {
     super(...arguments);
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-list.gjs
index 9dd6bcf850a61..298dec6dd2222 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-config-areas/webhooks-list.gjs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import AdminConfigAreaEmptyList from "discourse/admin/components/admin-config-area-empty-list";
 import WebhookItem from "discourse/admin/components/webhook-item";
+import ConditionalLoadingSpinner from "discourse/components/conditional-loading-spinner";
+import LoadMore from "discourse/components/load-more";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
 import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
@@ -31,33 +33,44 @@ export default class AdminConfigAreasWebhooksList extends Component {
   <template>
     <div class="container admin-api_keys">
       {{#if this.webhooks.content}}
-        <table class="d-table admin-web_hooks__items">
-          <thead class="d-table__header">
-            <tr class="d-table__row">
-              <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
-                  "admin.web_hooks.delivery_status.title"
-                }}</th>
-              <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
-                  "admin.web_hooks.payload_url"
-                }}</th>
-              <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
-                  "admin.web_hooks.description_label"
-                }}</th>
-              <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
-                  "admin.web_hooks.controls"
-                }}</th>
-            </tr>
-          </thead>
-          <tbody class="d-table__body">
-            {{#each this.webhooks.content as |webhook|}}
-              <WebhookItem
-                @webhook={{webhook}}
-                @deliveryStatuses={{this.webhooks.extras.delivery_statuses}}
-                @destroy={{this.destroyWebhook}}
-              />
-            {{/each}}
-          </tbody>
-        </table>
+        <LoadMore @action={{this.webhooks.loadMore}}>
+          <table class="d-table admin-web_hooks__items">
+            <thead class="d-table__header">
+              <tr class="d-table__row">
+                <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
+                    "admin.web_hooks.delivery_status.title"
+                  }}</th>
+                <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
+                    "admin.web_hooks.payload_url"
+                  }}</th>
+                <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
+                    "admin.web_hooks.description_label"
+                  }}</th>
+                <th class="d-table__header-cell">{{i18n
+                    "admin.web_hooks.controls"
+                  }}</th>
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody class="d-table__body">
+              {{#each this.webhooks.content as |webhook|}}
+                <WebhookItem
+                  @webhook={{webhook}}
+                  @deliveryStatuses={{this.webhooks.extras.delivery_statuses}}
+                  @destroy={{this.destroyWebhook}}
+                />
+              {{/each}}
+              {{#if this.webhooks.loadingMore}}
+                <tr class="d-table__row">
+                  <td class="d-table__cell" colspan="4">
+                    <ConditionalLoadingSpinner
+                      @condition={{this.webhooks.loadingMore}}
+                    />
+                  </td>
+                </tr>
+              {{/if}}
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        </LoadMore>
       {{else}}
         <AdminConfigAreaEmptyList
           @ctaLabel="admin.web_hooks.add"
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-flags-form.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-flags-form.gjs
index a26e95e6b96f4..9b26f8ea5867a 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-flags-form.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-flags-form.gjs
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export default class AdminFlagsForm extends Component {
         type: "POST",
         data,
       });
-      this.site.flagTypes.pushObject(response.flag);
+      this.site.flagTypes.push(response.flag);
       this.router.transitionTo("adminConfig.flags");
     } catch (error) {
       popupAjaxError(error);
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-user-fields-form.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-user-fields-form.gjs
index 16c286e164eff..25c39c7a5dfce 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-user-fields-form.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/admin-user-fields-form.gjs
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ export default class AdminUserFieldsForm extends Component {
       this.originalRequirement = data.requirement;
 
       if (isNew) {
-        this.adminUserFields.userFields.pushObject(this.args.userField);
+        this.adminUserFields.userFields.push(this.args.userField);
       }
 
       this.router.transitionTo("adminUserFields.index");
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/dashboard-problems.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/dashboard-problems.gjs
index d9231cec59e02..ffbf3a5d9c698 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/dashboard-problems.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/dashboard-problems.gjs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import concatClass from "discourse/helpers/concat-class";
 import icon from "discourse/helpers/d-icon";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { eq } from "discourse/truth-helpers";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
@@ -17,14 +18,16 @@ export default class DashboardProblems extends Component {
   async dismissProblem(problem) {
     try {
       await ajax(`/admin/admin_notices/${problem.id}`, { type: "DELETE" });
-      this.args.problems.removeObject(problem);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.args.problems, problem);
     } catch (error) {
       popupAjaxError(error);
     }
   }
 
   get problems() {
-    return this.args.problems.sort((a, b) => compare(a?.priority, b?.priority));
+    return this.args.problems.toSorted((a, b) =>
+      compare(a?.priority, b?.priority)
+    );
   }
 
   <template>
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-security.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-security.gjs
index eeb69d91c181b..4cd180947f95e 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-security.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-security.gjs
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import { buildCategoryPanel } from "discourse/admin/components/edit-category-pan
 import CategoryPermissionRow from "discourse/components/category-permission-row";
 import PluginOutlet from "discourse/components/plugin-outlet";
 import lazyHash from "discourse/helpers/lazy-hash";
-import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import PermissionType from "discourse/models/permission-type";
 import ComboBox from "discourse/select-kit/components/combo-box";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
@@ -17,23 +16,20 @@ export default class EditCategorySecurity extends buildCategoryPanel(
 
   @not("selectedGroup") noGroupSelected;
 
-  @discourseComputed("category.permissions.@each.permission_type")
-  everyonePermission(permissions) {
-    return permissions.find((p) => p.group_name === "everyone");
+  get everyonePermission() {
+    return this.category.permissions.find((p) => p.group_name === "everyone");
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("category.permissions.@each.permission_type")
-  everyoneGrantedFull() {
+  get everyoneGrantedFull() {
     return (
       this.everyonePermission &&
       this.everyonePermission.permission_type === PermissionType.FULL
     );
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("everyonePermission")
-  minimumPermission(everyonePermission) {
-    return everyonePermission
-      ? everyonePermission.permission_type
+  get minimumPermission() {
+    return this.everyonePermission
+      ? this.everyonePermission.permission_type
       : PermissionType.READONLY;
   }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tab.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tab.gjs
index e23b2e22854b0..d3f2f92dd2e02 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tab.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tab.gjs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { empty } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { scheduleOnce } from "@ember/runloop";
 import { underscore } from "@ember/string";
 import { classNameBindings, tagName } from "@ember-decorators/component";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { propertyEqual } from "discourse/lib/computed";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import getURL from "discourse/lib/get-url";
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ export default class EditCategoryTab extends Component {
   }
 
   _addToCollection() {
-    this.panels.addObject(this.tabClassName);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(this.panels, this.tabClassName);
   }
 
   @discourseComputed("params.slug", "params.parentSlug")
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tags.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tags.gjs
index 90930c62ab28c..1d0e3bf0c83ff 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tags.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/edit-category-tags.gjs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { LinkTo } from "@ember/routing";
 import { buildCategoryPanel } from "discourse/admin/components/edit-category-panel";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import TextField from "discourse/components/text-field";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import TagChooser from "discourse/select-kit/components/tag-chooser";
 import TagGroupChooser from "discourse/select-kit/components/tag-group-chooser";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
@@ -25,14 +26,14 @@ export default class EditCategoryTags extends buildCategoryPanel("tags") {
 
   @action
   addRequiredTagGroup() {
-    this.category.required_tag_groups.pushObject({
+    this.category.required_tag_groups.push({
       min_count: 1,
     });
   }
 
   @action
   deleteRequiredTagGroup(rtg) {
-    this.category.required_tag_groups.removeObject(rtg);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.category.required_tag_groups, rtg);
   }
 
   <template>
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/emoji-value-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/emoji-value-list.gjs
index 1e09adb78c179..4b4224823a83b 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/emoji-value-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/emoji-value-list.gjs
@@ -1,30 +1,23 @@
-/* eslint-disable ember/no-classic-components */
-import Component from "@ember/component";
+import Component from "@glimmer/component";
+import { cached } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import { fn } from "@ember/helper";
 import { on } from "@ember/modifier";
 import { action, set, setProperties } from "@ember/object";
-import { schedule } from "@ember/runloop";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
-import { classNameBindings } from "@ember-decorators/component";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import EmojiPicker from "discourse/components/emoji-picker";
 import EmojiPickerDetached from "discourse/components/emoji-picker/detached";
-import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { emojiUrlFor } from "discourse/lib/text";
 import { not } from "discourse/truth-helpers";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
-@classNameBindings(":value-list", ":emoji-list")
 export default class EmojiValueList extends Component {
   @service menu;
 
-  values = null;
-
-  @discourseComputed("values")
-  collection(values) {
-    values = values || "";
-
-    return values
+  @cached
+  get collection() {
+    return this.args.values
       .split("|")
       .filter(Boolean)
       .map((value) => {
@@ -39,19 +32,19 @@ export default class EmojiValueList extends Component {
 
   @action
   emojiSelected(code) {
-    if (!this._validateInput(code)) {
+    if (!this.#validateInput(code)) {
       return;
     }
 
-    const item = this.collection.find((emoji) => emoji.isEditing);
+    const newCollection = [...this.collection];
+    const item = newCollection.find((emoji) => emoji.isEditing);
+
     if (item) {
       setProperties(item, {
         value: code,
         emojiUrl: emojiUrlFor(code),
         isEditing: false,
       });
-
-      this._saveValues();
     } else {
       const newCollectionValue = {
         value: code,
@@ -59,164 +52,151 @@ export default class EmojiValueList extends Component {
         isEditable: true,
         isEditing: false,
       };
-      this.collection.addObject(newCollectionValue);
-      this._saveValues();
+
+      addUniqueValueToArray(newCollection, newCollectionValue);
     }
-  }
 
-  @discourseComputed("collection")
-  showUpDownButtons(collection) {
-    return collection.length - 1 ? true : false;
+    this.#saveValues(newCollection);
   }
 
-  _splitValues(values) {
-    if (values && values.length) {
-      const emojiList = [];
-      const emojis = values.split("|").filter(Boolean);
-      emojis.forEach((emojiName) => {
-        const emoji = {
-          isEditable: true,
-          isEditing: false,
-        };
-        emoji.value = emojiName;
-        emoji.emojiUrl = emojiUrlFor(emojiName);
-
-        emojiList.push(emoji);
-      });
-
-      return emojiList;
-    } else {
-      return [];
-    }
+  get showUpDownButtons() {
+    return this.collection.length > 1;
   }
 
   @action
   editValue(index, event) {
-    schedule("afterRender", () => {
-      if (parseInt(index, 10) >= 0) {
-        const item = this.collection[index];
-        if (item.isEditable) {
-          set(item, "isEditing", true);
-        }
+    if (parseInt(index, 10) >= 0) {
+      const item = this.collection[index];
+      if (item.isEditable) {
+        set(item, "isEditing", true);
       }
+    }
 
-      this.menu.show(event.target, {
-        identifier: "emoji-picker",
-        groupIdentifier: "emoji-picker",
-        component: EmojiPickerDetached,
-        modalForMobile: true,
-        data: {
-          context: "chat",
-          didSelectEmoji: (emoji) => {
-            this._replaceValue(index, emoji);
-          },
+    this.menu.show(event.target, {
+      identifier: "emoji-picker",
+      groupIdentifier: "emoji-picker",
+      component: EmojiPickerDetached,
+      modalForMobile: true,
+      data: {
+        context: "chat",
+        didSelectEmoji: (emoji) => {
+          this.#replaceValue(index, emoji);
         },
-      });
+      },
     });
   }
 
   @action
-  removeValue(value) {
-    this._removeValue(value);
+  removeValue(item) {
+    const newCollection = [...this.collection].filter(
+      (emoji) => emoji.value !== item.value
+    );
+    this.#saveValues(newCollection);
   }
 
   @action
   shift(operation, index) {
+    const updateCollection = [...this.collection];
+
     let futureIndex = index + operation;
 
-    if (futureIndex > this.collection.length - 1) {
+    if (futureIndex > updateCollection.length - 1) {
       futureIndex = 0;
     } else if (futureIndex < 0) {
-      futureIndex = this.collection.length - 1;
+      futureIndex = updateCollection.length - 1;
     }
 
-    const shiftedEmoji = this.collection[index];
-    this.collection.removeAt(index);
-    this.collection.insertAt(futureIndex, shiftedEmoji);
+    const shiftedEmoji = updateCollection[index];
+    updateCollection.splice(index, 1);
+    updateCollection.splice(futureIndex, 0, shiftedEmoji);
 
-    this._saveValues();
+    this.#saveValues(updateCollection);
   }
 
-  _validateInput(input) {
+  #validateInput(input) {
     if (!emojiUrlFor(input)) {
-      this.setValidationMessage(
+      this.args.setValidationMessage(
         i18n("admin.site_settings.emoji_list.invalid_input")
       );
       return false;
     }
 
-    this.setValidationMessage(null);
+    this.args.setValidationMessage(null);
     return true;
   }
 
-  _removeValue(value) {
-    this.collection.removeObject(value);
-    this._saveValues();
-  }
+  #replaceValue(index, newValue) {
+    const updateCollection = [...this.collection];
 
-  _replaceValue(index, newValue) {
-    const item = this.collection[index];
+    const item = updateCollection[index];
     if (item.value === newValue) {
       return;
     }
     set(item, "value", newValue);
-    this._saveValues();
+
+    this.#saveValues(updateCollection);
   }
 
-  _saveValues() {
-    this.set("values", this.collection.map((item) => item.value).join("|"));
+  #saveValues(updateCollection) {
+    this.args.changeValueCallback(
+      updateCollection.map((item) => item.value).join("|")
+    );
   }
 
   <template>
-    {{#if this.collection}}
-      <ul class="values emoji-value-list">
-        {{#each this.collection as |data index|}}
-          <li class="value" data-index={{index}}>
-            <DButton
-              @action={{fn this.removeValue data}}
-              @icon="xmark"
-              @disabled={{not data.isEditable}}
-              class="btn-default remove-value-btn btn-small"
-            />
-
-            <div
-              class="value-input emoji-details
-                {{if data.isEditable 'can-edit'}}
-                {{if data.isEditing 'd-editor-textarea-wrapper'}}"
-              {{on "click" (fn this.editValue index)}}
-              role="button"
-            >
-              <img
-                height="15px"
-                width="15px"
-                src={{data.emojiUrl}}
-                class="emoji-list-emoji"
-              />
-              <span class="emoji-name">{{data.value}}</span>
-            </div>
-
-            {{#if this.showUpDownButtons}}
+    <div class="value-list emoji-list">
+      {{#if this.collection}}
+        <ul class="values emoji-value-list">
+          {{#each this.collection key="value" as |data index|}}
+            <li class="value" data-index={{index}}>
               <DButton
-                @action={{fn this.shift -1 index}}
-                @icon="arrow-up"
-                class="btn-default shift-up-value-btn btn-small"
+                @action={{fn this.removeValue data}}
+                @icon="xmark"
+                @disabled={{not data.isEditable}}
+                class="btn-default remove-value-btn btn-small"
               />
-              <DButton
-                @action={{fn this.shift 1 index}}
-                @icon="arrow-down"
-                class="btn-default shift-down-value-btn btn-small"
-              />
-            {{/if}}
-          </li>
-        {{/each}}
-      </ul>
-    {{/if}}
-
-    <div class="value">
-      <EmojiPicker
-        @label={{i18n "admin.site_settings.emoji_list.add_emoji_button.label"}}
-        @didSelectEmoji={{this.emojiSelected}}
-      />
+
+              <div
+                class="value-input emoji-details
+                  {{if data.isEditable 'can-edit'}}
+                  {{if data.isEditing 'd-editor-textarea-wrapper'}}"
+                {{on "click" (fn this.editValue index)}}
+                role="button"
+              >
+                <img
+                  height="15px"
+                  width="15px"
+                  src={{data.emojiUrl}}
+                  class="emoji-list-emoji"
+                />
+                <span class="emoji-name">{{data.value}}</span>
+              </div>
+
+              {{#if this.showUpDownButtons}}
+                <DButton
+                  @action={{fn this.shift -1 index}}
+                  @icon="arrow-up"
+                  class="btn-default shift-up-value-btn btn-small"
+                />
+                <DButton
+                  @action={{fn this.shift 1 index}}
+                  @icon="arrow-down"
+                  class="btn-default shift-down-value-btn btn-small"
+                />
+              {{/if}}
+            </li>
+          {{/each}}
+        </ul>
+      {{/if}}
+
+      <div class="value">
+        <EmojiPicker
+          @label={{i18n
+            "admin.site_settings.emoji_list.add_emoji_button.label"
+          }}
+          @didSelectEmoji={{this.emojiSelected}}
+        />
+      </div>
     </div>
   </template>
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/edit-badge-groupings.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/edit-badge-groupings.gjs
index c6ad3deb9a3d4..ba5648d9f4a44 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/edit-badge-groupings.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/edit-badge-groupings.gjs
@@ -1,32 +1,22 @@
 import Component from "@glimmer/component";
-import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
-import { A } from "@ember/array";
 import { Input } from "@ember/component";
 import { fn } from "@ember/helper";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
-import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import DModal from "discourse/components/d-modal";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 export default class EditBadgeGroupings extends Component {
   @service dialog;
   @service store;
 
-  @tracked workingCopy = new TrackedArray();
-
-  constructor() {
-    super(...arguments);
-    let copy = A();
-    if (this.args.model.badgeGroupings) {
-      this.args.model.badgeGroupings.forEach((o) =>
-        copy.pushObject(this.store.createRecord("badge-grouping", o))
-      );
-    }
-    this.workingCopy = copy;
-  }
+  @trackedArray workingCopy = this.args.model.badgeGroupings.map((o) =>
+    this.store.createRecord("badge-grouping", o)
+  );
 
   @action
   up(item) {
@@ -40,7 +30,7 @@ export default class EditBadgeGroupings extends Component {
 
   @action
   delete(item) {
-    this.workingCopy.removeObject(item);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.workingCopy, item);
   }
 
   @action
@@ -49,7 +39,7 @@ export default class EditBadgeGroupings extends Component {
       editing: true,
       name: i18n("admin.badges.badge_grouping"),
     });
-    this.workingCopy.pushObject(obj);
+    this.workingCopy.push(obj);
   }
 
   @action
@@ -63,7 +53,7 @@ export default class EditBadgeGroupings extends Component {
       });
       this.workingCopy.clear();
       data.badge_groupings.forEach((badgeGroup) => {
-        this.workingCopy.pushObject(
+        this.workingCopy.push(
           this.store.createRecord("badge-grouping", {
             ...badgeGroup,
             editing: false,
@@ -82,8 +72,8 @@ export default class EditBadgeGroupings extends Component {
     if (index + delta < 0 || index + delta >= this.workingCopy.length) {
       return;
     }
-    this.workingCopy.removeAt(index);
-    this.workingCopy.insertAt(index + delta, item);
+    this.workingCopy.splice(index, 1); // remove the item from the old position
+    this.workingCopy.splice(index + delta, 0, item); // insert it in the new position
   }
 
   <template>
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/uploaded-image-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/uploaded-image-list.gjs
index 633612e8ba6a4..f824f8b76694a 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/uploaded-image-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/modal/uploaded-image-list.gjs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import Component from "@glimmer/component";
-import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import { fn } from "@ember/helper";
 import { on } from "@ember/modifier";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
@@ -8,10 +7,15 @@ import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import DModal from "discourse/components/d-modal";
 import boundAvatarTemplate from "discourse/helpers/bound-avatar-template";
 import icon from "discourse/helpers/d-icon";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 export default class UploadedImageList extends Component {
-  @tracked
+  @trackedArray
   images = this.args.model.value?.length
     ? this.args.model.value.split("|")
     : [];
@@ -19,12 +23,12 @@ export default class UploadedImageList extends Component {
   @action
   remove(url, event) {
     event.preventDefault();
-    this.images.removeObject(url);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.images, url);
   }
 
   @action
   uploadDone({ url }) {
-    this.images.addObject(url);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(this.images, url);
   }
 
   @action
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/schema-setting/editor.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/schema-setting/editor.gjs
index ee4c0ee37e60b..7f998c58ac62c 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/schema-setting/editor.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/schema-setting/editor.gjs
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 import Component from "@glimmer/component";
 import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
+import { isArray } from "@ember/array";
 import { fn } from "@ember/helper";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import Tree from "discourse/admin/components/schema-setting/editor/tree";
 import FieldInput from "discourse/admin/components/schema-setting/field";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ export default class SchemaSettingNewEditor extends Component {
   @trackedArray history = [];
 
   inputFieldObserver = new Map();
-  data = cloneJSON(this.args.setting.value);
+  data = this.#trackNestedArrays(cloneJSON(this.args.setting.value));
   schema = this.args.schema;
 
   @action
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ export default class SchemaSettingNewEditor extends Component {
 
   @action
   addChildItem(propertyName, parentNodeIndex) {
-    this.activeData[parentNodeIndex][propertyName].pushObject({});
+    this.activeData[parentNodeIndex][propertyName].push({});
 
     this.onChildClick(
       this.activeData[parentNodeIndex][propertyName].length - 1,
@@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ export default class SchemaSettingNewEditor extends Component {
 
   @action
   addItem() {
-    this.activeData.pushObject({});
+    this.activeData.push({});
     this.activeIndex = this.activeData.length - 1;
   }
 
@@ -218,7 +220,7 @@ export default class SchemaSettingNewEditor extends Component {
       return;
     }
 
-    this.activeData.removeAt(this.activeIndex);
+    this.activeData.splice(this.activeIndex, 1);
 
     if (this.activeData.length > 0) {
       this.activeIndex = Math.max(this.activeIndex - 1, 0);
@@ -260,8 +262,8 @@ export default class SchemaSettingNewEditor extends Component {
     const toCallback = this.inputFieldObserver[toIndex];
 
     // Move the data
-    this.activeData.removeAt(fromIndex);
-    this.activeData.insertAt(toIndex, item);
+    this.activeData.splice(fromIndex, 1);
+    this.activeData.splice(toIndex, 0, item);
 
     // Swap the observer callbacks to match new positions
     this.inputFieldObserver[toIndex] = fromCallback;
@@ -308,6 +310,38 @@ export default class SchemaSettingNewEditor extends Component {
     });
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Recursively converts nested arrays to TrackedArrays for reactivity
+   *
+   * @param {*} input - The input value to convert
+   * @returns {TrackedArray|*} The converted value with TrackedArrays
+   *
+   * @private
+   */
+  #trackNestedArrays(input) {
+    // Return early if input is null/undefined/empty
+    if (!input) {
+      return input;
+    }
+
+    // If input is an array, convert it to a TrackedArray and recursively convert its items
+    if (isArray(input)) {
+      return new TrackedArray(
+        input.map((item) => this.#trackNestedArrays(item))
+      );
+    }
+
+    // If input is an object, recursively convert its values
+    if (typeof input === "object") {
+      Object.keys(input).forEach((key) => {
+        input[key] = this.#trackNestedArrays(input[key]);
+      });
+    }
+
+    // Return the input after converting any arrays to TrackedArrays
+    return input;
+  }
+
   <template>
     <div class="schema-setting-editor">
       {{#if this.validationErrorMessage}}
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/secret-value-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/secret-value-list.gjs
index 858e30b82c81a..9a08f5b8d4d22 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/secret-value-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/secret-value-list.gjs
@@ -1,112 +1,130 @@
-/* eslint-disable ember/no-classic-components */
-import Component, { Input } from "@ember/component";
+import Component from "@glimmer/component";
+import { cached, tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
+import { Input } from "@ember/component";
 import { fn } from "@ember/helper";
 import { on } from "@ember/modifier";
 import { action, set } from "@ember/object";
 import { isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
-import { classNameBindings } from "@ember-decorators/component";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import TextField from "discourse/components/text-field";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
-@classNameBindings(":value-list", ":secret-value-list")
-export default class SecretValueList extends Component {
-  inputDelimiter = null;
-  collection = null;
-  values = null;
+const INPUT_DELIMITER = "\n";
 
-  didReceiveAttrs() {
-    super.didReceiveAttrs(...arguments);
+export default class SecretValueList extends Component {
+  @tracked newKey;
+  @tracked newSecret;
 
-    this.set(
-      "collection",
-      this._splitValues(this.values, this.inputDelimiter || "\n")
-    );
+  @cached
+  get collection() {
+    return this.#splitValues(this.args.values, INPUT_DELIMITER);
   }
 
   @action
   changeKey(index, event) {
     const newValue = event.target.value;
 
-    if (this._checkInvalidInput(newValue)) {
+    if (this.#checkInvalidInput(newValue)) {
       return;
     }
 
-    this._replaceValue(index, newValue, "key");
+    this.#replaceValue(index, newValue, "key");
   }
 
   @action
   changeSecret(index, event) {
     const newValue = event.target.value;
 
-    if (this._checkInvalidInput(newValue)) {
+    if (this.#checkInvalidInput(newValue)) {
       return;
     }
 
-    this._replaceValue(index, newValue, "secret");
+    this.#replaceValue(index, newValue, "secret");
   }
 
   @action
   addValue() {
-    if (this._checkInvalidInput([this.newKey, this.newSecret])) {
+    if (this.#checkInvalidInput([this.newKey, this.newSecret])) {
       return;
     }
-    this._addValue(this.newKey, this.newSecret);
-    this.setProperties({ newKey: "", newSecret: "" });
+    this.#addValue(this.newKey, this.newSecret);
+
+    this.newKey = "";
+    this.newSecret = "";
   }
 
   @action
   removeValue(value) {
-    this._removeValue(value);
+    this.#removeValue(value);
   }
 
-  _checkInvalidInput(inputs) {
-    for (let input of inputs) {
+  #checkInvalidInput(inputs) {
+    for (const input of inputs) {
       if (isEmpty(input) || input.includes("|")) {
-        this.setValidationMessage(
+        this.args.setValidationMessage(
           i18n("admin.site_settings.secret_list.invalid_input")
         );
         return true;
       }
     }
-    this.setValidationMessage(null);
+
+    if (this.collection.some((item) => item.key.trim() === inputs[0].trim())) {
+      this.args.setValidationMessage(
+        i18n("admin.site_settings.secret_list.already_exists", {
+          key: inputs[0],
+        })
+      );
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    this.args.setValidationMessage(null);
   }
 
-  _addValue(value, secret) {
-    this.collection.addObject({ key: value, secret });
-    this._saveValues();
+  #addValue(value, secret) {
+    const updatedCollection = addUniqueValueToArray(
+      [...this.collection],
+      {
+        key: value,
+        secret,
+      },
+      (item) => item.key
+    );
+    this.#saveValues(updatedCollection);
   }
 
-  _removeValue(value) {
-    const collection = this.collection;
-    collection.removeObject(value);
-    this._saveValues();
+  #removeValue(value) {
+    const updatedCollection = [...this.collection].filter(
+      (item) => !(item.key === value.key && item.secret === value.secret)
+    );
+    this.#saveValues(updatedCollection);
   }
 
-  _replaceValue(index, newValue, keyName) {
-    let item = this.collection[index];
+  #replaceValue(index, newValue, keyName) {
+    const updatedCollection = [...this.collection];
+
+    const item = updatedCollection[index];
     set(item, keyName, newValue);
 
-    this._saveValues();
+    this.#saveValues(updatedCollection);
   }
 
-  _saveValues() {
-    this.set(
-      "values",
-      this.collection
+  #saveValues(updatedCollection) {
+    this.args.changeValueCallback(
+      updatedCollection
         .map(function (elem) {
           return `${elem.key}|${elem.secret}`;
         })
-        .join("\n")
+        .join(INPUT_DELIMITER)
     );
   }
 
-  _splitValues(values, delimiter) {
+  #splitValues(values, delimiter) {
     if (values && values.length) {
       const keys = ["key", "secret"];
-      let res = [];
+      const res = [];
       values.split(delimiter).forEach(function (str) {
-        let object = {};
+        const object = {};
         str.split("|").forEach(function (a, i) {
           object[keys[i]] = a;
         });
@@ -120,48 +138,50 @@ export default class SecretValueList extends Component {
   }
 
   <template>
-    {{#if this.collection}}
-      <div class="values">
-        {{#each this.collection as |value index|}}
-          <div class="value" data-index={{index}}>
-            <DButton
-              @action={{fn this.removeValue value}}
-              @icon="xmark"
-              class="btn-default remove-value-btn btn-small"
-            />
-            <Input
-              @value={{value.key}}
-              class="value-input"
-              {{on "focusout" (fn this.changeKey index)}}
-            />
-            <Input
-              @value={{value.secret}}
-              class="value-input"
-              @type={{if this.isSecret "password" "text"}}
-              {{on "focusout" (fn this.changeSecret index)}}
-            />
-          </div>
-        {{/each}}
+    <div class="value-list secret-value-list">
+      {{#if this.collection}}
+        <div class="values">
+          {{#each this.collection as |value index|}}
+            <div class="value" data-index={{index}}>
+              <DButton
+                @action={{fn this.removeValue value}}
+                @icon="xmark"
+                class="btn-default remove-value-btn btn-small"
+              />
+              <Input
+                @value={{value.key}}
+                class="value-input"
+                {{on "focusout" (fn this.changeKey index)}}
+              />
+              <Input
+                @value={{value.secret}}
+                class="value-input"
+                @type={{if @isSecret "password" "text"}}
+                {{on "focusout" (fn this.changeSecret index)}}
+              />
+            </div>
+          {{/each}}
+        </div>
+      {{/if}}
+
+      <div class="value">
+        <TextField
+          @value={{this.newKey}}
+          @placeholder={{this.setting.placeholder.key}}
+          class="new-value-input key"
+        />
+        <Input
+          @type={{if @isSecret "password" "text"}}
+          @value={{this.newSecret}}
+          class="new-value-input secret"
+          placeholder={{this.setting.placeholder.value}}
+        />
+        <DButton
+          @action={{this.addValue}}
+          @icon="plus"
+          class="add-value-btn btn-small"
+        />
       </div>
-    {{/if}}
-
-    <div class="value">
-      <TextField
-        @value={{this.newKey}}
-        @placeholder={{this.setting.placeholder.key}}
-        class="new-value-input key"
-      />
-      <Input
-        @type="password"
-        @value={{this.newSecret}}
-        class="new-value-input secret"
-        placeholder={{this.setting.placeholder.value}}
-      />
-      <DButton
-        @action={{this.addValue}}
-        @icon="plus"
-        class="add-value-btn btn-small"
-      />
     </div>
   </template>
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/simple-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/simple-list.gjs
index 82c461f7e58e2..94ddd9e9e8fe5 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/simple-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/simple-list.gjs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export default class SimpleList extends Component {
   }
 
   @action
-  removeAt(index) {
+  removeItem(index) {
     this.collection.splice(index, 1);
     this.args.onChange?.(this.collection);
   }
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export default class SimpleList extends Component {
           {{#each this.collection as |value index|}}
             <div data-index={{index}} class="value">
               <DButton
-                @action={{fn this.removeAt index}}
+                @action={{fn this.removeItem index}}
                 @icon="xmark"
                 class="btn-default remove-value-btn btn-small"
               />
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/emoji-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/emoji-list.gjs
index 8a6879aa7657f..8f712cc0eb032 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/emoji-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/emoji-list.gjs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ const EmojiList = <template>
     @setting={{@setting}}
     @values={{@value}}
     @setValidationMessage={{@setValidationMessage}}
+    @changeValueCallback={{@changeValueCallback}}
   />
 </template>;
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/secret-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/secret-list.gjs
index b0de348649171..b13052dd1ad85 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/secret-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/site-settings/secret-list.gjs
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-/* eslint-disable ember/no-classic-components */
-import Component from "@ember/component";
 import SecretValueList from "discourse/admin/components/secret-value-list";
 
-export default class SecretList extends Component {
-  <template>
-    <SecretValueList
-      @setting={{this.setting}}
-      @values={{this.value}}
-      @isSecret={{this.isSecret}}
-      @setValidationMessage={{this.setValidationMessage}}
-    />
-  </template>
-}
+const SecretList = <template>
+  <SecretValueList
+    @setting={{@setting}}
+    @values={{@value}}
+    @isSecret={{@isSecret}}
+    @setValidationMessage={{@setValidationMessage}}
+    @changeValueCallback={{@changeValueCallback}}
+  />
+</template>;
+
+export default SecretList;
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/value-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/value-list.gjs
index fce2fddaae44a..7eedd47e965fa 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/value-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/value-list.gjs
@@ -4,22 +4,27 @@ import { fn, hash } from "@ember/helper";
 import { on } from "@ember/modifier";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { empty, reads } from "@ember/object/computed";
-import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import { classNames } from "@ember-decorators/component";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
-import { uniqueItemsFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+  uniqueItemsFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { makeArray } from "discourse/lib/helpers";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import ComboBox from "discourse/select-kit/components/combo-box";
 
 @classNames("value-list")
 export default class ValueList extends Component {
+  @trackedArray collection = null;
+
   @empty("newValue") inputInvalid;
 
   inputDelimiter = null;
   inputType = null;
   newValue = "";
-  collection = null;
   values = null;
   onChange = null;
 
@@ -29,10 +34,7 @@ export default class ValueList extends Component {
     super.didReceiveAttrs(...arguments);
 
     if (this.inputType === "array") {
-      this.set(
-        "collection",
-        new TrackedArray(this.values ? [...this.values] : [])
-      );
+      this.set("collection", this.values ? [...this.values] : []);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -89,14 +91,14 @@ export default class ValueList extends Component {
     }
 
     const shiftedValue = this.collection[index];
-    this.collection.removeAt(index);
-    this.collection.insertAt(futureIndex, shiftedValue);
+    this.collection.splice(index, 1);
+    this.collection.splice(futureIndex, 0, shiftedValue);
 
     this._saveValues();
   }
 
   _addValue(value) {
-    this.collection.addObject(value);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(this.collection, value);
 
     if (this.choices) {
       this.set(
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ export default class ValueList extends Component {
   }
 
   _removeValue(value) {
-    this.collection.removeObject(value);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.collection, value);
 
     if (this.choices) {
       this.set("choices", uniqueItemsFromArray(this.choices.concat([value])));
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-event-chooser.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-event-chooser.gjs
index 14ef118d9266d..71b654f772bad 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-event-chooser.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-event-chooser.gjs
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import Component from "@glimmer/component";
 import { Input } from "@ember/component";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValuesFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 export default class WebhookEventChooser extends Component {
@@ -28,9 +32,10 @@ export default class WebhookEventChooser extends Component {
     }
 
     if (value) {
-      eventTypes.addObject(this.args.type);
+      addUniqueValueToArray(eventTypes, this.args.type);
     } else {
-      eventTypes.removeObjects(
+      removeValuesFromArray(
+        eventTypes,
         eventTypes.filter((eventType) => eventType.name === this.args.type.name)
       );
     }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-events.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-events.gjs
index 0388384179c97..b0c7d8a1a5382 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-events.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/components/webhook-events.gjs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import LoadMore from "discourse/components/load-more";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
 import { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import ComboBox from "discourse/select-kit/components/combo-box";
 import { not } from "discourse/truth-helpers";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
@@ -25,10 +26,10 @@ export default class WebhookEvents extends Component {
   @service store;
   @service dialog;
 
-  @tracked pingEnabled = true;
   @tracked events = [];
-  @tracked incomingEventIds = [];
+  @tracked pingEnabled = true;
   @tracked redeliverEnabled = true;
+  @trackedArray incomingEventIds = [];
 
   @readOnly("incomingEventIds.length") incomingCount;
   @gt("incomingCount", 0) hasIncoming;
@@ -126,7 +127,7 @@ export default class WebhookEvents extends Component {
     }
 
     if (!this.incomingEventIds.includes(data.web_hook_event_id)) {
-      this.incomingEventIds.pushObject(data.web_hook_event_id);
+      this.incomingEventIds.push(data.web_hook_event_id);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js
index 4e35ec64a6500..bcf62c3684839 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import ColorSchemeSelectBaseModal from "discourse/admin/components/modal/color-scheme-select-base";
 import { setDefaultColorScheme } from "discourse/admin/lib/color-scheme-manager";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { currentThemeId } from "discourse/lib/theme-selector";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ export default class AdminConfigColorPalettesIndexController extends Controller
       newColorScheme.colors.forEach((color) => {
         color.default_hex = color.originals.hex;
       });
-      this.model.pushObject(newColorScheme);
+      this.model.push(newColorScheme);
       newColorScheme.set("savingStatus", null);
 
       this.router.replaceWith("adminConfig.colorPalettes.show", newColorScheme);
@@ -276,15 +277,14 @@ export default class AdminConfigColorPalettesIndexController extends Controller
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       this.dialog.deleteConfirm({
         title: i18n("admin.customize.colors.delete_confirm"),
-        didConfirm: () => {
-          return scheme
-            .destroy()
-            .then(() => {
-              this.model.removeObject(scheme);
-
-              resolve();
-            })
-            .catch(reject);
+        didConfirm: async () => {
+          try {
+            await scheme.destroy();
+            removeValueFromArray(this.model, scheme);
+            resolve();
+          } catch (error) {
+            reject(error);
+          }
         },
         didCancel: () => {
           reject(new Error("Deletion cancelled"));
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-embedding/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-embedding/index.js
index d410bfce246a3..d8749bb2376f6 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-embedding/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-embedding/index.js
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
 import Controller, { inject as controller } from "@ember/controller";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
-import { alias } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
-import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 
 export default class AdminEmbeddingIndexController extends Controller {
   @service site;
   @controller adminEmbedding;
 
-  @alias("adminEmbedding.embedding") embedding;
+  get embedding() {
+    return this.adminEmbedding.embedding;
+  }
 
   get showEmbeddingCode() {
     return this.site.desktopView;
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("embedding.base_url")
-  embeddingCode(baseUrl) {
+  get embeddingCode() {
     const html = `<div id='discourse-comments'></div>
   <meta name='discourse-username' content='DISCOURSE_USERNAME'>
 
   <script type="text/javascript">
     DiscourseEmbed = {
-      discourseUrl: '${baseUrl}/',
+      discourseUrl: '${this.embedding.base_url}/',
       discourseEmbedUrl: 'EMBED_URL',
       // className: 'CLASS_NAME',
     };
@@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ export default class AdminEmbeddingIndexController extends Controller {
 
   @action
   deleteHost(host) {
-    this.get("embedding.embeddable_hosts").removeObject(host);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.embedding.embeddable_hosts, host);
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-logs/screened-ip-addresses.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-logs/screened-ip-addresses.js
index 09d24bb431c47..081ee2e0a719e 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-logs/screened-ip-addresses.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-logs/screened-ip-addresses.js
@@ -1,31 +1,28 @@
+import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import Controller from "@ember/controller";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { observes } from "@ember-decorators/object";
 import ScreenedIpAddress from "discourse/admin/models/screened-ip-address";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseDebounce from "discourse/lib/debounce";
 import { INPUT_DELAY } from "discourse/lib/environment";
 import { exportEntity } from "discourse/lib/export-csv";
 import { outputExportResult } from "discourse/lib/export-result";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 export default class AdminLogsScreenedIpAddressesController extends Controller {
   @service dialog;
 
-  loading = false;
-  filter = null;
-  savedIpAddress = null;
-
-  _debouncedShow() {
-    this.set("loading", true);
-    ScreenedIpAddress.findAll(this.filter).then((result) => {
-      this.setProperties({ model: result, loading: false });
-    });
-  }
+  @tracked filter = null;
+  @tracked loading = false;
+  @tracked savedIpAddress = null;
+  @trackedArray model;
 
   @observes("filter")
   show() {
-    discourseDebounce(this, this._debouncedShow, INPUT_DELAY);
+    discourseDebounce(this, this.#debouncedShow, INPUT_DELAY);
   }
 
   @action
@@ -82,39 +79,47 @@ export default class AdminLogsScreenedIpAddressesController extends Controller {
   }
 
   @action
-  destroyRecord(record) {
+  async destroyRecord(record) {
     return this.dialog.yesNoConfirm({
       message: i18n("admin.logs.screened_ips.delete_confirm", {
         ip_address: record.get("ip_address"),
       }),
-      didConfirm: () => {
-        return record
-          .destroy()
-          .then((deleted) => {
-            if (deleted) {
-              this.model.removeObject(record);
-            } else {
-              this.dialog.alert(i18n("generic_error"));
-            }
-          })
-          .catch((e) => {
-            this.dialog.alert(
-              i18n("generic_error_with_reason", {
-                error: `http: ${e.status} - ${e.body}`,
-              })
-            );
-          });
+      didConfirm: async () => {
+        try {
+          const deleted = await record.destroy();
+          if (deleted) {
+            removeValueFromArray(this.model, record);
+          } else {
+            this.dialog.alert(i18n("generic_error"));
+          }
+        } catch (e) {
+          this.dialog.alert(
+            i18n("generic_error_with_reason", {
+              error: `http: ${e.status} - ${e.body}`,
+            })
+          );
+        }
       },
     });
   }
 
   @action
   recordAdded(arg) {
-    this.model.unshiftObject(arg);
+    this.model.unshift(arg);
   }
 
   @action
   exportScreenedIpList() {
     exportEntity("screened_ip").then(outputExportResult);
   }
+
+  async #debouncedShow() {
+    this.loading = true;
+
+    try {
+      this.model = await ScreenedIpAddress.findAll(this.filter);
+    } finally {
+      this.loading = false;
+    }
+  }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-permalinks/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-permalinks/index.js
index 5233bdbf04c89..22b1a051634b8 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-permalinks/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-permalinks/index.js
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
+import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import Controller from "@ember/controller";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
-import { or } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { observes } from "@ember-decorators/object";
 import Permalink from "discourse/admin/models/permalink";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseDebounce from "discourse/lib/debounce";
 import { INPUT_DELAY } from "discourse/lib/environment";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { clipboardCopy } from "discourse/lib/utilities";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
@@ -13,21 +15,17 @@ export default class AdminPermalinksIndexController extends Controller {
   @service dialog;
   @service toasts;
 
-  loading = false;
-  filter = null;
+  @tracked loading = false;
+  @tracked filter = null;
+  @trackedArray model;
 
-  @or("model.length", "filter") showSearch;
-
-  _debouncedShow() {
-    Permalink.findAll(this.filter).then((result) => {
-      this.set("model", result);
-      this.set("loading", false);
-    });
+  get showSearch() {
+    return !!(this.model.length || this.filter);
   }
 
   @observes("filter")
   show() {
-    discourseDebounce(this, this._debouncedShow, INPUT_DELAY);
+    discourseDebounce(this, this.#debouncedShow, INPUT_DELAY);
   }
 
   @action
@@ -49,11 +47,21 @@ export default class AdminPermalinksIndexController extends Controller {
       didConfirm: async () => {
         try {
           await this.store.destroyRecord("permalink", permalink);
-          this.model.removeObject(permalink);
+          removeValueFromArray(this.model, permalink);
         } catch {
           this.dialog.alert(i18n("generic_error"));
         }
       },
     });
   }
+
+  async #debouncedShow() {
+    this.loading = true;
+
+    try {
+      this.model = await Permalink.findAll(this.filter);
+    } finally {
+      this.loading = false;
+    }
+  }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/badges.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/badges.js
index fd3231514f9d3..c3489407e3032 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/badges.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/badges.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import Controller, { inject as controller } from "@ember/controller";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
+import { dependentKeyCompat } from "@ember/object/compat";
 import { alias, empty, sort } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { next } from "@ember/runloop";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
@@ -7,7 +9,6 @@ import { compare } from "@ember/utils";
 import AdminUser from "discourse/admin/models/admin-user";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
 import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
-import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { grantableBadges } from "discourse/lib/grant-badge-utils";
 import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import UserBadge from "discourse/models/user-badge";
@@ -17,20 +18,30 @@ export default class AdminUserBadgesController extends Controller {
   @service dialog;
   @controller adminUser;
 
+  @tracked loading;
+  @tracked selectedBadgeId;
+  @trackedArray badges;
   @trackedArray expandedBadges = [];
-  @trackedArray model;
 
   @alias("adminUser.model") user;
-  @alias("model") userBadges;
-  @alias("badges") allBadges;
   @sort("model", "badgeSortOrder") sortedBadges;
   @empty("availableBadges") noAvailableBadges;
 
   badgeSortOrder = ["granted_at:desc"];
 
-  @discourseComputed("allBadges.[]", "userBadges.[]")
-  availableBadges() {
-    return grantableBadges(this.get("allBadges"), this.get("userBadges"));
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get allBadges() {
+    return this.badges;
+  }
+
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get userBadges() {
+    return this.model;
+  }
+
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get availableBadges() {
+    return grantableBadges(this.allBadges, this.userBadges);
   }
 
   get groupedBadges() {
@@ -86,37 +97,35 @@ export default class AdminUserBadgesController extends Controller {
   }
 
   @action
-  performGrantBadge() {
-    UserBadge.grant(
-      this.selectedBadgeId,
-      this.get("user.username"),
-      this.badgeReason
-    ).then(
-      (newBadge) => {
-        this.set("badgeReason", "");
-        this.userBadges.pushObject(newBadge);
-        next(() => {
-          // Update the selected badge ID after the combobox has re-rendered.
-          const newSelectedBadge = this.availableBadges[0];
-          if (newSelectedBadge) {
-            this.set("selectedBadgeId", newSelectedBadge.get("id"));
-          }
-        });
-      },
-      function (error) {
-        popupAjaxError(error);
-      }
-    );
+  async performGrantBadge() {
+    try {
+      const newBadge = await UserBadge.grant(
+        this.selectedBadgeId,
+        this.get("user.username"),
+        this.badgeReason
+      );
+
+      this.set("badgeReason", "");
+      this.model.push(newBadge);
+      next(() => {
+        // Update the selected badge ID after the combobox has re-rendered.
+        const newSelectedBadge = this.availableBadges[0];
+        if (newSelectedBadge) {
+          this.set("selectedBadgeId", newSelectedBadge.get("id"));
+        }
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      popupAjaxError(error);
+    }
   }
 
   @action
   revokeBadge(userBadge) {
     return this.dialog.yesNoConfirm({
       message: i18n("admin.badges.revoke_confirm"),
-      didConfirm: () => {
-        return userBadge.revoke().then(() => {
-          removeValueFromArray(this.model, userBadge);
-        });
+      didConfirm: async () => {
+        await userBadge.revoke();
+        removeValueFromArray(this.model, userBadge);
       },
     });
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/index.js
index 85a19d6df61c0..05f6956e309bd 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-user/index.js
@@ -70,14 +70,12 @@ export default class AdminUserIndexController extends Controller {
       .join(", ");
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("model.associated_accounts")
-  associatedAccountsLoaded(associatedAccounts) {
-    return typeof associatedAccounts !== "undefined";
+  get associatedAccountsLoaded() {
+    return typeof this.model.associated_accounts !== "undefined";
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("model.associated_accounts")
-  associatedAccounts(associatedAccounts) {
-    return associatedAccounts
+  get associatedAccounts() {
+    return this.model.associated_accounts
       ?.map((provider) => `${provider.name} (${provider.description})`)
       ?.join(", ");
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/edit.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/edit.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cf44e5834645..0000000000000
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/edit.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-import Controller, { inject as controller } from "@ember/controller";
-import EmberObject, { action } from "@ember/object";
-import { alias } from "@ember/object/computed";
-import { service } from "@ember/service";
-import { isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
-import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
-import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
-import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
-
-export default class AdminWebHooksEditController extends Controller {
-  @service router;
-  @service siteSettings;
-
-  @controller adminWebHooks;
-
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.groupedEventTypes") groupedEventTypes;
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.defaultEventTypes") defaultEventTypes;
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.contentTypes") contentTypes;
-
-  @discourseComputed
-  showTagsFilter() {
-    return this.siteSettings.tagging_enabled;
-  }
-
-  @discourseComputed("model.isSaving", "saved", "saveButtonDisabled")
-  savingStatus(isSaving, saved, saveButtonDisabled) {
-    if (isSaving) {
-      return i18n("saving");
-    } else if (!saveButtonDisabled && saved) {
-      return i18n("saved");
-    }
-    // Use side effect of validation to clear saved text
-    this.set("saved", false);
-    return "";
-  }
-
-  @discourseComputed("model.isNew")
-  saveButtonText(isNew) {
-    return isNew
-      ? i18n("admin.web_hooks.create")
-      : i18n("admin.web_hooks.save");
-  }
-
-  @discourseComputed("model.secret")
-  secretValidation(secret) {
-    if (!isEmpty(secret)) {
-      if (secret.includes(" ")) {
-        return EmberObject.create({
-          failed: true,
-          reason: i18n("admin.web_hooks.secret_invalid"),
-        });
-      }
-
-      if (secret.length < 12) {
-        return EmberObject.create({
-          failed: true,
-          reason: i18n("admin.web_hooks.secret_too_short"),
-        });
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  @discourseComputed("model.wildcard_web_hook", "model.web_hook_event_types.[]")
-  eventTypeValidation(isWildcard, eventTypes) {
-    if (!isWildcard && isEmpty(eventTypes)) {
-      return EmberObject.create({
-        failed: true,
-        reason: i18n("admin.web_hooks.event_type_missing"),
-      });
-    }
-  }
-
-  @discourseComputed(
-    "model.isSaving",
-    "secretValidation",
-    "eventTypeValidation",
-    "model.payload_url"
-  )
-  saveButtonDisabled(
-    isSaving,
-    secretValidation,
-    eventTypeValidation,
-    payloadUrl
-  ) {
-    return isSaving
-      ? false
-      : secretValidation || eventTypeValidation || isEmpty(payloadUrl);
-  }
-
-  @action
-  async save() {
-    this.set("saved", false);
-
-    try {
-      await this.model.save();
-
-      this.set("saved", true);
-      this.adminWebHooks.model.addObject(this.model);
-      this.router.transitionTo("adminWebHooks.show", this.model);
-    } catch (e) {
-      popupAjaxError(e);
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index a8e064d7cce4a..0000000000000
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-import Controller, { inject as controller } from "@ember/controller";
-import { action } from "@ember/object";
-import { alias } from "@ember/object/computed";
-import { service } from "@ember/service";
-import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
-import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
-
-export default class AdminWebHooksIndexController extends Controller {
-  @service dialog;
-  @controller adminWebHooks;
-
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.contentTypes") contentTypes;
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.defaultEventTypes") defaultEventTypes;
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.deliveryStatuses") deliveryStatuses;
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.eventTypes") eventTypes;
-  @alias("adminWebHooks.model") model;
-
-  @action
-  destroyWebhook(webhook) {
-    return this.dialog.deleteConfirm({
-      message: i18n("admin.web_hooks.delete_confirm"),
-      didConfirm: async () => {
-        try {
-          await webhook.destroyRecord();
-          this.model.removeObject(webhook);
-        } catch (e) {
-          popupAjaxError(e);
-        }
-      },
-    });
-  }
-
-  @action
-  loadMore() {
-    this.model.loadMore();
-  }
-}
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/show.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/show.js
index 503d984bd06ba..192d8ec2b5b88 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/show.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin-web-hooks/show.js
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ export default class AdminWebHooksShowController extends Controller {
       didConfirm: async () => {
         try {
           await this.model.destroyRecord();
-          this.adminWebHooks.model.removeObject(this.model);
           this.router.transitionTo("adminWebHooks");
         } catch (e) {
           popupAjaxError(e);
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin/dashboard.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin/dashboard.js
index b79d348ace958..51d091db0c641 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin/dashboard.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/admin/dashboard.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import Controller, { inject as controller } from "@ember/controller";
 import { action, computed } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
@@ -5,6 +6,7 @@ import AdminDashboard from "discourse/admin/models/admin-dashboard";
 import VersionCheck from "discourse/admin/models/version-check";
 import { setting } from "discourse/lib/computed";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 
 const PROBLEMS_CHECK_MINUTES = 1;
 
@@ -13,6 +15,10 @@ export default class AdminDashboardController extends Controller {
   @service siteSettings;
   @controller("exception") exceptionController;
 
+  @tracked loadingProblems = false;
+  @tracked problemsFetchedAt;
+  @trackedArray problems;
+
   isLoading = false;
   dashboardFetchedAt = null;
 
@@ -89,15 +95,18 @@ export default class AdminDashboardController extends Controller {
     }
   }
 
-  _loadProblems() {
+  async _loadProblems() {
     this.setProperties({
       loadingProblems: true,
       problemsFetchedAt: new Date(),
     });
 
-    AdminDashboard.fetchProblems()
-      .then((model) => this.set("problems", model.problems))
-      .finally(() => this.set("loadingProblems", false));
+    try {
+      const model = await AdminDashboard.fetchProblems();
+      this.problems = model.problems;
+    } finally {
+      this.loadingProblems = false;
+    }
   }
 
   @discourseComputed("problemsFetchedAt")
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/edit-category/tabs.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/edit-category/tabs.js
index 2f6097b53221b..88d847d6d4bc4 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/edit-category/tabs.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/controllers/edit-category/tabs.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { underscore } from "@ember/string";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import DiscourseURL from "discourse/lib/url";
 import Category from "discourse/models/category";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
@@ -29,11 +30,11 @@ export default class EditCategoryTabsController extends Controller {
   @service router;
 
   @tracked breadcrumbCategories = this.site.get("categoriesList");
+  @trackedArray panels = [];
 
   selectedTab = "general";
   saving = false;
   deleting = false;
-  panels = [];
   showTooltip = false;
   createdCategory = false;
   expandedMenu = false;
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/lib/setting-object-helper.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/lib/setting-object-helper.js
index 11698e61ce548..9fe9e692465e0 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/lib/setting-object-helper.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/lib/setting-object-helper.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { dependentKeyCompat } from "@ember/object/compat";
 import { isPresent } from "@ember/utils";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { deepEqual } from "discourse/lib/object";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
@@ -55,9 +56,9 @@ export default class SettingObjectHelper {
 
     (originalValidValues || []).forEach((v) => {
       if (v.name && v.name.length > 0 && translateNames) {
-        values.addObject({ name: i18n(v.name), value: v.value });
+        addUniqueValueToArray(values, { name: i18n(v.name), value: v.value });
       } else {
-        values.addObject(v);
+        addUniqueValueToArray(values, v);
       }
     });
     return values;
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/admin-user.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/admin-user.js
index 35c974bfab104..3d08ef3e30ae3 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/admin-user.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/admin-user.js
@@ -82,11 +82,13 @@ export default class AdminUser extends User {
     );
   }
 
-  groupAdded(added) {
-    return ajax(`/admin/users/${this.id}/groups`, {
+  async groupAdded(added) {
+    await ajax(`/admin/users/${this.id}/groups`, {
       type: "POST",
       data: { group_id: added.id },
-    }).then(() => this.groups.pushObject(added));
+    });
+
+    this.groups.push(added);
   }
 
   groupRemoved(groupId) {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/color-scheme.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/color-scheme.js
index 48fc28cf288b1..a47d806d716bb 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/color-scheme.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/color-scheme.js
@@ -1,36 +1,38 @@
 import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
-import { A } from "@ember/array";
-import ArrayProxy from "@ember/array/proxy";
 import EmberObject from "@ember/object";
 import { not } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import ColorSchemeColor from "discourse/admin/models/color-scheme-color";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import LegacyArrayLikeObject from "discourse/lib/legacy-array-like-object";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
-class ColorSchemes extends ArrayProxy {}
+class ColorSchemes extends LegacyArrayLikeObject {
+  @tracked loading = false;
+}
 
 export default class ColorScheme extends EmberObject {
-  static findAll() {
+  static async findAll() {
     const colorSchemes = ColorSchemes.create({ content: [], loading: true });
-
-    return ajax("/admin/color_schemes").then((all) => {
-      all.forEach((colorScheme) => {
-        colorSchemes.pushObject(
-          ColorScheme.create({
-            id: colorScheme.id,
-            name: colorScheme.name,
-            is_base: colorScheme.is_base,
-            theme_id: colorScheme.theme_id,
-            theme_name: colorScheme.theme_name,
-            base_scheme_id: colorScheme.base_scheme_id,
-            user_selectable: colorScheme.user_selectable,
-            colors: colorScheme.colors,
-          })
-        );
-      });
-      return colorSchemes;
+    const all = await ajax("/admin/color_schemes");
+
+    all.forEach((colorScheme) => {
+      colorSchemes.push(
+        ColorScheme.create({
+          id: colorScheme.id,
+          name: colorScheme.name,
+          is_base: colorScheme.is_base,
+          theme_id: colorScheme.theme_id,
+          theme_name: colorScheme.theme_name,
+          base_scheme_id: colorScheme.base_scheme_id,
+          user_selectable: colorScheme.user_selectable,
+          colors: colorScheme.colors,
+        })
+      );
     });
+
+    return colorSchemes;
   }
 
   static async find(id) {
@@ -49,6 +51,7 @@ export default class ColorScheme extends EmberObject {
 
   @tracked name;
   @tracked user_selectable;
+  @trackedArray colors;
 
   @not("id") newRecord;
 
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@ export default class ColorScheme extends EmberObject {
     super.init(...arguments);
 
     /** @type Array */
-    const colors = A(this.colors ?? []);
+    const colors = this.colors ?? [];
     this.colors = colors.map((c) => {
       return ColorSchemeColor.create(c);
     });
@@ -105,10 +108,10 @@ export default class ColorScheme extends EmberObject {
       name: this.name,
       can_edit: true,
       /** @type Array */
-      colors: A(),
+      colors: [],
     });
     this.colors.forEach((c) => {
-      newScheme.colors.pushObject(
+      newScheme.colors.push(
         ColorSchemeColor.create(c.getProperties("name", "hex", "default_hex"))
       );
     });
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ export default class ColorScheme extends EmberObject {
         data.colors = [];
         this.colors.forEach((c) => {
           if (!this.id || c.get("changed")) {
-            data.colors.pushObject(c.getProperties("name", "hex"));
+            data.colors.push(c.getProperties("name", "hex"));
           }
         });
       }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/embedding.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/embedding.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..c21d86b6b9d42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/embedding.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
+import RestModel from "discourse/models/rest";
+
+export default class Embedding extends RestModel {
+  @trackedArray embeddable_hosts;
+}
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/site-setting.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/site-setting.js
index 657910b01daa1..942411273d318 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/site-setting.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/site-setting.js
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export default class SiteSetting extends EmberObject {
       if (!categories[s.category]) {
         categories[s.category] = [];
       }
-      categories[s.category].pushObject(SiteSetting.create(s));
+      categories[s.category].push(SiteSetting.create(s));
     });
     return Object.keys(categories).map(function (n) {
       return {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/theme.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/theme.js
index 2a4ee4f7dbd92..90474528e7815 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/models/theme.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/models/theme.js
@@ -4,7 +4,12 @@ import { isBlank, isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
 import ThemeSettings from "discourse/admin/models/theme-settings";
 import ThemeSiteSettings from "discourse/admin/models/theme-site-settings";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import RestModel from "discourse/models/rest";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
@@ -34,6 +39,10 @@ class Theme extends RestModel {
     return json;
   }
 
+  @trackedArray childThemes;
+  @trackedArray parentThemes;
+  @trackedArray theme_fields;
+
   @or("default", "user_selectable") isActive;
   @gt("remote_theme.commits_behind", 0) isPendingUpdates;
   @gt("editedFields.length", 0) hasEditedFields;
@@ -220,7 +229,7 @@ class Theme extends RestModel {
         existing.value = value;
         existing.upload_id = upload_id;
       } else {
-        fields.pushObject(field);
+        fields.push(field);
       }
       return;
     }
@@ -229,7 +238,7 @@ class Theme extends RestModel {
     let key = this.getKey({ target, name });
     let existingField = themeFields[key];
     if (!existingField) {
-      this.theme_fields.pushObject(field);
+      this.theme_fields.push(field);
       themeFields[key] = field;
     } else {
       const changed =
@@ -258,8 +267,7 @@ class Theme extends RestModel {
   }
 
   removeChildTheme(theme) {
-    const childThemes = this.childThemes;
-    childThemes.removeObject(theme);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.childThemes, theme);
     return this.saveChanges("child_theme_ids");
   }
 
@@ -269,8 +277,10 @@ class Theme extends RestModel {
       childThemes = [];
       this.set("childThemes", childThemes);
     }
-    childThemes.removeObject(theme);
-    childThemes.pushObject(theme);
+
+    removeValueFromArray(childThemes, theme);
+    childThemes.push(theme);
+
     return this.saveChanges("child_theme_ids");
   }
 
@@ -280,7 +290,8 @@ class Theme extends RestModel {
       parentThemes = [];
       this.set("parentThemes", parentThemes);
     }
-    parentThemes.addObject(theme);
+
+    addUniqueValueToArray(parentThemes, theme);
   }
 
   checkForUpdates() {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js
index 70d4a95161b96..08be82cbefef8 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-config/color-palettes/index.js
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 import Route from "@ember/routing/route";
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import ColorScheme from "discourse/admin/models/color-scheme";
 import Theme from "discourse/admin/models/theme";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 
 export default class AdminConfigColorPalettesIndexRoute extends Route {
   async model() {
-    return await ajax("/admin/config/colors");
+    const value = await ajax("/admin/config/colors");
+    return value;
   }
 
   setupController(controller, model) {
@@ -15,7 +17,9 @@ export default class AdminConfigColorPalettesIndexRoute extends Route {
       : null;
     controller.set(
       "model",
-      model.palettes.map((palette) => ColorScheme.create(palette))
+      new TrackedArray(
+        model.palettes.map((palette) => ColorScheme.create(palette))
+      )
     );
     controller.set("defaultTheme", defaultTheme);
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-user/badges.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-user/badges.js
index 6887bbfb466be..235de0d2140ea 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-user/badges.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin-user/badges.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import Badge from "discourse/models/badge";
 import UserBadge from "discourse/models/user-badge";
 import DiscourseRoute from "discourse/routes/discourse";
@@ -8,20 +9,22 @@ export default class AdminUserBadgesRoute extends DiscourseRoute {
     return UserBadge.findByUsername(username);
   }
 
-  setupController(controller) {
-    super.setupController(...arguments);
+  async setupController(controller, model) {
+    super.setupController(controller, new TrackedArray(model));
 
     // Find all badges.
-    controller.set("loading", true);
-    Badge.findAll().then(function (badges) {
+    controller.loading = true;
+    try {
+      const badges = await Badge.findAll();
       controller.setProperties({ badges, expandedBadges: [] });
       if (badges.length > 0) {
-        let grantableBadges = controller.get("availableBadges");
+        let grantableBadges = controller.availableBadges;
         if (grantableBadges.length > 0) {
-          controller.set("selectedBadgeId", grantableBadges[0].get("id"));
+          controller.selectedBadgeId = grantableBadges[0].get("id");
         }
       }
-      controller.set("loading", false);
-    });
+    } finally {
+      controller.loading = false;
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups.js
index bb4720dd7ac01..46179d7afc09c 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import Backup from "discourse/admin/models/backup";
 import BackupStatus from "discourse/admin/models/backup-status";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { extractError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import getURL from "discourse/lib/get-url";
 import PreloadStore from "discourse/lib/preload-store";
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ export default class AdminBackupsRoute extends DiscourseRoute {
     } else {
       this.controllerFor("admin.backups.logs")
         .get("logs")
-        .pushObject(EmberObject.create(log));
+        .push(EmberObject.create(log));
     }
   }
 
@@ -95,17 +96,13 @@ export default class AdminBackupsRoute extends DiscourseRoute {
   }
 
   @action
-  destroyBackup(backup) {
+  async destroyBackup(backup) {
     return this.dialog.yesNoConfirm({
       message: i18n("admin.backups.operations.destroy.confirm"),
-      didConfirm: () => {
-        backup
-          .destroy()
-          .then(() =>
-            this.controllerFor("admin.backups.index")
-              .get("model")
-              .removeObject(backup)
-          );
+      didConfirm: async () => {
+        await backup.destroy();
+        const list = this.controllerFor("admin.backups.index").get("model");
+        removeValueFromArray(list, backup);
       },
     });
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups/index.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups/index.js
index a985418a5c53a..2d901bac597ce 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/routes/admin/backups/index.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import Route from "@ember/routing/route";
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import Backup from "discourse/admin/models/backup";
 import { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ export default class AdminBackupsIndexRoute extends Route {
 
   async model() {
     const backups = await Backup.find();
-    return backups.map((backup) => Backup.create(backup));
+    return new TrackedArray(backups.map((backup) => Backup.create(backup)));
   }
 
   @bind
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-emojis.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-emojis.js
index 8f46a983f96ba..1da82c073a1b6 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-emojis.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-emojis.js
@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@ import EmberObject, { action } from "@ember/object";
 import Service, { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
-import { uniqueItemsFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import {
+  removeValueFromArray,
+  uniqueItemsFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 const ALL_FILTER = "all";
@@ -12,10 +16,9 @@ const DEFAULT_GROUP = "default";
 export default class AdminEmojis extends Service {
   @service dialog;
 
-  @tracked emojis = [];
-
   @tracked filter = ALL_FILTER;
   @tracked sorting = ["group", "name"];
+  @trackedArray emojis = [];
 
   constructor() {
     super(...arguments);
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ export default class AdminEmojis extends Service {
       await ajax("/admin/config/emoji/" + emoji.get("name"), {
         type: "DELETE",
       });
-      this.emojis.removeObject(emoji);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.emojis, emoji);
     } catch (err) {
       popupAjaxError(err);
     }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-user-fields.js b/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-user-fields.js
index 32a246dbd8036..543fe789ca797 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-user-fields.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/services/admin-user-fields.js
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import { sort } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import Service, { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 
 export default class AdminUserFields extends Service {
   @service store;
 
-  @tracked userFields = [];
+  @trackedArray userFields = [];
 
   @sort("userFields", "fieldSortOrder") sortedUserFields;
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/admin/templates/admin-permalinks/index.gjs b/frontend/discourse/admin/templates/admin-permalinks/index.gjs
index 6f566b2bdc15a..56dabd073b296 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/admin/templates/admin-permalinks/index.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/admin/templates/admin-permalinks/index.gjs
@@ -11,21 +11,21 @@ import icon from "discourse/helpers/d-icon";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 export default <template>
-  <ConditionalLoadingSpinner @condition={{@controller.loading}}>
-    {{#if @controller.hasPermalinks}}
-      <div class="d-admin-filter">
-        <div class="admin-filter__input-container permalink-search">
-          <TextField
-            @value={{@controller.filter}}
-            @placeholderKey="admin.permalink.form.filter"
-            @autocorrect="off"
-            @autocapitalize="off"
-            class="admin-filter__input"
-          />
-        </div>
+  {{#if @controller.hasPermalinks}}
+    <div class="d-admin-filter">
+      <div class="admin-filter__input-container permalink-search">
+        <TextField
+          @value={{@controller.filter}}
+          @placeholderKey="admin.permalink.form.filter"
+          @autocorrect="off"
+          @autocapitalize="off"
+          class="admin-filter__input"
+        />
       </div>
-    {{/if}}
+    </div>
+  {{/if}}
 
+  <ConditionalLoadingSpinner @condition={{@controller.loading}}>
     <div class="permalink-results">
       {{#if @controller.model.length}}
         <table class="d-table permalinks">
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/bookmark-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/bookmark-list.gjs
index 3c9591b95826c..5588b3f38045d 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/bookmark-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/bookmark-list.gjs
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ import lazyHash from "discourse/helpers/lazy-hash";
 import replaceEmoji from "discourse/helpers/replace-emoji";
 import topicLink from "discourse/helpers/topic-link";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { BookmarkFormData } from "discourse/lib/bookmark-form-data";
 import {
   openLinkInNewTab,
@@ -153,14 +157,14 @@ export default class BookmarkList extends Component {
   }
 
   _removeBookmarkFromList(bookmark) {
-    this.content.removeObject(bookmark);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.content, bookmark);
   }
 
   _toggleSelection(target, bookmark, isSelectingRange) {
     const selected = this.selected;
 
     if (target.checked) {
-      selected.addObject(bookmark);
+      addUniqueValueToArray(selected, bookmark);
 
       if (isSelectingRange) {
         const bulkSelects = Array.from(
@@ -180,7 +184,7 @@ export default class BookmarkList extends Component {
       }
       this.set("lastChecked", target);
     } else {
-      selected.removeObject(bookmark);
+      removeValueFromArray(selected, bookmark);
       this.set("lastChecked", null);
     }
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-messages.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-messages.gjs
index a15b6aeb16e6c..349fa4c9bab46 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-messages.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-messages.gjs
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ import { classNameBindings } from "@ember-decorators/component";
 import ComposerMessage from "discourse/components/composer-message";
 import ShareTopic from "discourse/components/modal/share-topic";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { debounce } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { INPUT_DELAY } from "discourse/lib/environment";
 import LinkLookup from "discourse/lib/link-lookup";
@@ -21,9 +25,9 @@ let _messagesCache = {};
 export default class ComposerMessages extends Component {
   @tracked showShareModal;
   @trackedArray similarTopics = null;
+  @trackedArray messages = null;
 
   checkedMessages = false;
-  messages = null;
   messagesByTemplate = null;
   queuedForTyping = null;
   usersNotSeen = null;
@@ -60,12 +64,12 @@ export default class ComposerMessages extends Component {
       return;
     }
 
-    this.messages.popObject();
+    this.messages.pop();
     this.set("messageCount", this.messages.length);
   }
 
   _removeMessage(message) {
-    this.messages.removeObject(message);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.messages, message);
     this.set("messageCount", this.messages.length);
   }
 
@@ -290,7 +294,7 @@ export default class ComposerMessages extends Component {
 
     messages.content.forEach((msg) => {
       if (msg.wait_for_typing) {
-        this.queuedForTyping.addObject(msg);
+        addUniqueValueToArray(this.queuedForTyping, msg);
       } else {
         this.popup(msg);
       }
@@ -318,7 +322,7 @@ export default class ComposerMessages extends Component {
     }
 
     if (!this.messagesByTemplate[message.templateName]) {
-      this.messages.pushObject(message);
+      this.messages.push(message);
       this.set("messageCount", this.messages.length);
       this.messagesByTemplate[message.templateName] = message;
     }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-user-selector.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-user-selector.gjs
index 2cac8a822f713..fbf41f06377b2 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-user-selector.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/composer-user-selector.gjs
@@ -25,19 +25,17 @@ export default class ComposerUserSelector extends Component {
   }
 
   _updateGroups(selected, newGroups) {
-    const groups = [];
+    const groups = new Set();
     this._groups.forEach((existing) => {
       if (selected.includes(existing)) {
-        groups.addObject(existing);
+        groups.add(existing);
       }
     });
     newGroups.forEach((newGroup) => {
-      if (!groups.includes(newGroup)) {
-        groups.addObject(newGroup);
-      }
+      groups.add(newGroup);
     });
     this.setProperties({
-      _groups: groups,
+      _groups: Array.from(groups),
       hasGroups: groups.length > 0,
     });
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/form-template-field/upload.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/form-template-field/upload.gjs
index 26a16ab25d8d6..7b548ab88df51 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/form-template-field/upload.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/form-template-field/upload.gjs
@@ -7,15 +7,16 @@ import { htmlSafe } from "@ember/template";
 import PickFilesButton from "discourse/components/pick-files-button";
 import icon from "discourse/helpers/d-icon";
 import { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { isAudio, isImage, isVideo } from "discourse/lib/uploads";
 import UppyUpload from "discourse/lib/uppy/uppy-upload";
 
 export default class FormTemplateFieldUpload extends Component {
   @tracked uploadValue;
-  @tracked uploadedFiles = [];
   @tracked fileInputSelector = `#${this.fileUploadElementId}`;
   @tracked
   fileUploadElementId = `${dasherize(this.args.id.toString())}-uploader`;
+  @trackedArray uploadedFiles = [];
 
   uppyUpload = new UppyUpload(getOwner(this), {
     id: this.args.id,
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ export default class FormTemplateFieldUpload extends Component {
       this.uploadValue = "";
     }
 
-    this.uploadedFiles.pushObject(upload);
+    this.uploadedFiles.push(upload);
 
     const uploadMarkdown = this.buildMarkdown(upload);
     if (this.uploadValue && this.uppyUpload.allowMultipleFiles) {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/ignored-user-list.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/ignored-user-list.gjs
index 1177b5979a126..f38a9ba456e81 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/ignored-user-list.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/ignored-user-list.gjs
@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import User from "discourse/models/user";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 import IgnoredUserListItem from "./ignored-user-list-item";
@@ -13,7 +17,7 @@ export default class IgnoredUserList extends Component {
 
   @action
   async removeIgnoredUser(item) {
-    this.args.items.removeObject(item);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.args.items, item);
 
     try {
       const user = await User.findByUsername(item);
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@ export default class IgnoredUserList extends Component {
         actingUser: this.args.model,
         ignoredUsername: null,
         onUserIgnored: (username) => {
-          this.args.items.addObject(username);
+          addUniqueValueToArray(this.args.items, username);
         },
       },
     });
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/invite-panel.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/invite-panel.gjs
index 4b15e37d32c54..49eb4130800a1 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/invite-panel.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/invite-panel.gjs
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ export default class InvitePanel extends Component {
         .then((result) => {
           model.setProperties({ saving: false, finished: true });
           if (this.isPM && result && result.user) {
-            this.get("inviteModel.details.allowed_users").pushObject(
+            this.get("inviteModel.details.allowed_users").push(
               EmberObject.create(result.user)
             );
             this.toasts.success({
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/create-invite.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/create-invite.gjs
index 6d03b34bb4a37..e3d6ba81ea33a 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/create-invite.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/create-invite.gjs
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export default class CreateInvite extends Component {
       await this.invite.save(data);
       const invites = this.model?.invites;
       if (invites && !invites.some((i) => i.id === this.invite.id)) {
-        invites.unshiftObject(this.invite);
+        invites.unshift(this.invite);
       }
 
       if (!this.simpleMode) {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/grant-badge.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/grant-badge.gjs
index 7e1b69ce6cf9a..c207a2a645a11 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/grant-badge.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/grant-badge.gjs
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   grantableBadges,
   isBadgeGrantable,
 } from "discourse/lib/grant-badge-utils";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import Badge from "discourse/models/badge";
 import UserBadge from "discourse/models/user-badge";
 import ComboBox from "discourse/select-kit/components/combo-box";
@@ -24,8 +25,8 @@ export default class GrantBadgeModal extends Component {
   @tracked flash = null;
   @tracked flashType = null;
   @tracked allBadges = [];
-  @tracked userBadges = [];
   @tracked availableBadges = [];
+  @trackedArray userBadges = [];
 
   get noAvailableBadges() {
     !this.availableBadges.length;
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ export default class GrantBadgeModal extends Component {
         username,
         getURL(this.post.url)
       );
-      this.userBadges.pushObject(newBadge);
+      this.userBadges.push(newBadge);
       this.#updateAvailableBadges();
       this.selectedBadgeId = null;
       this.flash = i18n("badges.successfully_granted", {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/sidebar-section-form.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/sidebar-section-form.gjs
index 1932cd6374714..5d290bfae7936 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/sidebar-section-form.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/modal/sidebar-section-form.gjs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 /* eslint-disable ember/no-classic-components */
 import { cached, tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
-import { A } from "@ember/array";
 import Component, { Input } from "@ember/component";
 import { fn } from "@ember/helper";
 import { on } from "@ember/modifier";
@@ -15,16 +14,18 @@ import icon from "discourse/helpers/d-icon";
 import withEventValue from "discourse/helpers/with-event-value";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { extractError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { SIDEBAR_SECTION, SIDEBAR_URL } from "discourse/lib/constants";
 import { afterRender, bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { sanitize } from "discourse/lib/text";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { and, not } from "discourse/truth-helpers";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
 class Section {
   @tracked title;
-  @tracked links;
-  @tracked secondaryLinks;
+  @trackedArray links;
+  @trackedArray secondaryLinks;
 
   constructor({
     title,
@@ -241,26 +242,26 @@ export default class SidebarSectionForm extends Component {
             acc.push(this.initLink(link));
           }
           return acc;
-        }, A()),
+        }, []),
         secondaryLinks: section.links.reduce((acc, link) => {
           if (link.segment === "secondary") {
             this.nextObjectId++;
             acc.push(this.initLink(link));
           }
           return acc;
-        }, A()),
+        }, []),
         id: section.id,
         hideTitleInput: this.model.hideSectionHeader,
       });
     } else {
       return new Section({
-        links: A([
+        links: [
           new SectionLink({
             router: this.router,
             objectId: this.nextObjectId,
             segment: "primary",
           }),
-        ]),
+        ],
       });
     }
   }
@@ -406,28 +407,16 @@ export default class SidebarSectionForm extends Component {
       return;
     }
 
-    if (this.draggedLink.isPrimary) {
-      this.transformedModel.links.removeObject(this.draggedLink);
-    } else {
-      this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks?.removeObject(this.draggedLink);
-    }
+    const links = this.draggedLink.isPrimary
+      ? this.transformedModel.links
+      : this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks;
 
-    if (targetLink.isPrimary) {
-      const toPosition = this.transformedModel.links.indexOf(targetLink);
-      this.draggedLink.segment = "primary";
-      this.transformedModel.links.insertAt(
-        above ? toPosition : toPosition + 1,
-        this.draggedLink
-      );
-    } else {
-      this.draggedLink.segment = "secondary";
-      const toPosition =
-        this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks.indexOf(targetLink);
-      this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks.insertAt(
-        above ? toPosition : toPosition + 1,
-        this.draggedLink
-      );
-    }
+    removeValueFromArray(links, this.draggedLink);
+
+    const toPosition = links.indexOf(targetLink);
+    this.draggedLink.segment = targetLink.isPrimary ? "primary" : "secondary";
+
+    links.splice(above ? toPosition : toPosition + 1, 0, this.draggedLink);
   }
 
   get canDelete() {
@@ -439,18 +428,18 @@ export default class SidebarSectionForm extends Component {
     if (link.id) {
       link._destroy = "1";
     } else {
-      if (link.isPrimary) {
-        this.transformedModel.links.removeObject(link);
-      } else {
-        this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks.removeObject(link);
-      }
+      const links = link.isPrimary
+        ? this.transformedModel.links
+        : this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks;
+
+      removeValueFromArray(links, link);
     }
   }
 
   @action
   addLink() {
     this.nextObjectId = this.nextObjectId + 1;
-    this.transformedModel.links.pushObject(
+    this.transformedModel.links.push(
       new SectionLink({
         router: this.router,
         objectId: this.nextObjectId,
@@ -464,7 +453,7 @@ export default class SidebarSectionForm extends Component {
   @action
   addSecondaryLink() {
     this.nextObjectId = this.nextObjectId + 1;
-    this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks.pushObject(
+    this.transformedModel.secondaryLinks.push(
       new SectionLink({
         router: this.router,
         objectId: this.nextObjectId,
@@ -484,10 +473,8 @@ export default class SidebarSectionForm extends Component {
           type: "PUT",
         })
           .then((data) => {
-            this.currentUser.sidebar_sections.shiftObject();
-            this.currentUser.sidebar_sections.unshiftObject(
-              data["sidebar_section"]
-            );
+            this.currentUser.sidebar_sections.shift();
+            this.currentUser.sidebar_sections.unshift(data["sidebar_section"]);
             this.closeModal();
           })
           .catch((e) => {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/tag-info.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/tag-info.gjs
index d4fa8df9bce6b..e37e2962ad454 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/tag-info.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/tag-info.gjs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { and, reads } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { htmlSafe } from "@ember/template";
 import { isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import { tagName } from "@ember-decorators/component";
 import DButton from "discourse/components/d-button";
 import PluginOutlet from "discourse/components/plugin-outlet";
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ import lazyHash from "discourse/helpers/lazy-hash";
 import withEventValue from "discourse/helpers/with-event-value";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import TagChooser from "discourse/select-kit/components/tag-chooser";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
@@ -93,7 +95,9 @@ export default class TagInfo extends Component {
         this.set("tagInfo", result);
         this.set(
           "tagInfo.synonyms",
-          result.synonyms.map((s) => this.store.createRecord("tag", s))
+          new TrackedArray(
+            result.synonyms.map((s) => this.store.createRecord("tag", s))
+          )
         );
       })
       .finally(() => this.set("loading", false))
@@ -120,7 +124,7 @@ export default class TagInfo extends Component {
     ajax(`/tag/${this.tagInfo.name}/synonyms/${tag.id}`, {
       type: "DELETE",
     })
-      .then(() => this.tagInfo.synonyms.removeObject(tag))
+      .then(() => removeValueFromArray(this.tagInfo.synonyms, tag))
       .catch(popupAjaxError);
   }
 
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ export default class TagInfo extends Component {
       didConfirm: () => {
         return tag
           .destroyRecord()
-          .then(() => this.tagInfo.synonyms.removeObject(tag))
+          .then(() => removeValueFromArray(this.tagInfo.synonyms, tag))
           .catch(popupAjaxError);
       },
     });
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/topic-list/item.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/topic-list/item.gjs
index cb65964df6fb4..d3c15df1602c7 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/topic-list/item.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/topic-list/item.gjs
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ import discourseTags from "discourse/helpers/discourse-tags";
 import formatDate from "discourse/helpers/format-date";
 import lazyHash from "discourse/helpers/lazy-hash";
 import topicFeaturedLink from "discourse/helpers/topic-featured-link";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { wantsNewWindow } from "discourse/lib/intercept-click";
 import {
   applyBehaviorTransformer,
@@ -127,13 +131,13 @@ export default class Item extends Component {
   }
 
   unselectTopic(topicNode) {
-    this.args.selected.removeObject(this.args.topic);
+    removeValueFromArray(this.args.selected, this.args.topic);
     this.args.bulkSelectHelper.lastCheckedElementId = null;
     topicNode.classList.remove("bulk-selected");
   }
 
   selectTopic(topicNode, shiftKey) {
-    this.args.selected.addObject(this.args.topic);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(this.args.selected, this.args.topic);
 
     if (this.args.bulkSelectHelper.lastCheckedElementId && shiftKey) {
       const topics = Array.from(topicNode.parentNode.children);
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/track-selected.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/track-selected.gjs
index ca67b9828e365..38bc97a75487f 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/track-selected.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/track-selected.gjs
@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
 import Component from "@glimmer/component";
 import { on } from "@ember/modifier";
 import { action } from "@ember/object";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 
 export default class TrackSelected extends Component {
   @action
   onToggle(e) {
     if (e.target.checked) {
-      this.args.selectedList.addObject(this.args.selectedId);
+      addUniqueValueToArray(this.args.selectedList, this.args.selectedId);
     } else {
-      this.args.selectedList.removeObject(this.args.selectedId);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.args.selectedList, this.args.selectedId);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-menu/menu.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-menu/menu.gjs
index 8ae5794f466f6..0ede9aced24c1 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-menu/menu.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-menu/menu.gjs
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ export default class UserMenu extends Component {
         if (reviewQueueTabIndex === -1) {
           tabs.push(tab);
         } else {
-          tabs.insertAt(reviewQueueTabIndex, tab);
+          tabs.splice(reviewQueueTabIndex, 0, tab);
           reviewQueueTabIndex++;
         }
       }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-notification-schedule.gjs b/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-notification-schedule.gjs
index 6f41ee60e3b10..007c9007c3648 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-notification-schedule.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/components/user-notification-schedule.gjs
@@ -91,19 +91,17 @@ export default class UserNotificationSchedule extends Component {
       })
     );
 
-    this.set("days", []);
-
-    DAYS.forEach((day, index) => {
-      this.days.pushObject(
-        Day.create({
-          id: index,
-          day,
-          model: this.model,
-          buildTimeOptions: this.buildTimeOptions,
-          startTimeOptions: this.startTimeOptions,
-        })
-      );
-    });
+    const days = DAYS.map((day, index) =>
+      Day.create({
+        id: index,
+        day,
+        model: this.model,
+        buildTimeOptions: this.buildTimeOptions,
+        startTimeOptions: this.startTimeOptions,
+      })
+    );
+
+    this.set("days", days);
   }
 
   buildTimeOptions(startAt, opts = { includeNone: false, showMidnight: true }) {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/index.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/index.js
index c1344d63105f3..142857bffcb6c 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/index.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/index.js
@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@ import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { observes } from "@ember-decorators/object";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed, { debounce } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 
 export default class GroupIndexController extends Controller {
+  @trackedArray bulkSelection = null;
+
   queryParams = ["order", "asc", "filter"];
   order = null;
   asc = true;
@@ -14,7 +18,6 @@ export default class GroupIndexController extends Controller {
   loading = false;
   isBulk = false;
   showActions = false;
-  bulkSelection = null;
 
   get hasMembers() {
     return this.model.members?.length > 0;
@@ -235,9 +238,9 @@ export default class GroupIndexController extends Controller {
     this.set("bulkSelection", this.bulkSelection || []);
 
     if (e.target.checked) {
-      this.bulkSelection.pushObject(member);
+      this.bulkSelection.push(member);
     } else {
-      this.bulkSelection.removeObject(member);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.bulkSelection, member);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/manage/logs.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/manage/logs.js
index 3b74fabc96b2f..e4f79262f731a 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/manage/logs.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/group/manage/logs.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import Controller, { inject as controller } from "@ember/controller";
 import EmberObject, { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { observes } from "@ember-decorators/object";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 
 export default class GroupManageLogsController extends Controller {
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ export default class GroupManageLogsController extends Controller {
       .findLogs(this.offset + 1, this.filterParams)
       .then((results) => {
         results.logs.forEach((result) =>
-          this.get("model.logs").addObject(result)
+          addUniqueValueToArray(this.get("model.logs"), result)
         );
         this.incrementProperty("offset");
         this.set("model.all_loaded", results.all_loaded);
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/invites/show.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/invites/show.js
index 206d64df41b6b..3aa138c3fa071 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/invites/show.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/invites/show.js
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import getUrl from "discourse/lib/get-url";
 import NameValidationHelper from "discourse/lib/name-validation-helper";
 import PasswordValidationHelper from "discourse/lib/password-validation-helper";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import DiscourseURL from "discourse/lib/url";
 import UserFieldsValidationHelper from "discourse/lib/user-fields-validation-helper";
 import UsernameValidationHelper from "discourse/lib/username-validation-helper";
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ export default class InvitesShowController extends Controller {
   @tracked accountPassword;
   @tracked accountUsername;
   @tracked isDeveloper;
+  @trackedArray rejectedEmails = [];
+
   queryParams = ["t"];
   nameValidationHelper = new NameValidationHelper(this);
   usernameValidationHelper = new UsernameValidationHelper({
@@ -58,7 +61,6 @@ export default class InvitesShowController extends Controller {
   @not("externalAuthsOnly") passwordRequired;
   errorMessage = null;
   authOptions = null;
-  rejectedEmails = [];
   maskPassword = true;
 
   get userFields() {
@@ -393,7 +395,7 @@ export default class InvitesShowController extends Controller {
             result.errors.email.length > 0 &&
             result.values
           ) {
-            this.rejectedEmails.pushObject(result.values.email);
+            this.rejectedEmails.push(result.values.email);
           }
           if (result.errors?.["user_password.password"]?.length > 0) {
             this.passwordValidationHelper.rejectedPasswords.push(
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/account.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/account.js
index fc45021fee2d9..a0c331f102da8 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/account.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/account.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { next } from "@ember/runloop";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import UserStatusModal from "discourse/components/modal/user-status";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import CanCheckEmailsHelper from "discourse/lib/can-check-emails-helper";
 import { propertyNotEqual, setting } from "discourse/lib/computed";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
@@ -80,17 +81,17 @@ export default class AccountController extends Controller {
     );
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("model.associated_accounts")
-  associatedAccountsLoaded(associatedAccounts) {
-    return typeof associatedAccounts !== "undefined";
+  get associatedAccountsLoaded() {
+    return typeof this.model.associated_accounts !== "undefined";
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("model.associated_accounts.[]")
-  authProviders(accounts) {
+  get authProviders() {
     return findAll()
       .map((method) => ({
         method,
-        account: accounts.find(({ name }) => name === method.name),
+        account: this.model.associated_accounts.find(
+          ({ name }) => name === method.name
+        ),
       }))
       .filter((value) => value.account || value.method.can_connect);
   }
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ export default class AccountController extends Controller {
       .revokeAssociatedAccount(account.name)
       .then((result) => {
         if (result.success) {
-          this.model.associated_accounts.removeObject(account);
+          removeValueFromArray(this.model.associated_accounts, account);
         } else {
           this.dialog.alert(result.message);
         }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/security.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/security.js
index 60e50de52a11d..aa9a7e8862367 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/security.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/preferences/security.js
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import Controller from "@ember/controller";
 import { action, computed } from "@ember/object";
 import { gt } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
-import typeOf from "@ember/utils/lib/type-of";
 import ConfirmSession from "discourse/components/dialog-messages/confirm-session";
 import AuthTokenModal from "discourse/components/modal/auth-token";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
@@ -150,9 +149,8 @@ export default class SecurityController extends Controller {
     );
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("model.associated_accounts")
-  associatedAccountsLoaded(associatedAccounts) {
-    return typeOf(associatedAccounts) !== "undefined";
+  get associatedAccountsLoaded() {
+    return typeof this.model.associated_accounts !== "undefined";
   }
 
   removePasswordConfirm() {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/topic.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/topic.js
index 0729e698ba394..01590c0aac352 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/topic.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/topic.js
@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ import { MIN_POSTS_COUNT } from "discourse/components/topic-map/topic-map-summar
 import { spinnerHTML } from "discourse/helpers/loading-spinner";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
-import { uniqueItemsFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+  uniqueItemsFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { BookmarkFormData } from "discourse/lib/bookmark-form-data";
 import { resetCachedTopicList } from "discourse/lib/cached-topic-list";
 import discourseComputed, { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
@@ -78,6 +82,7 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
 
   @tracked multiSelect = false;
   @tracked hasScrolled = null;
+  @trackedArray bookmarks = [];
   @trackedArray selectedPostIds = [];
 
   queryParams = ["filter", "username_filters", "replies_to_post_number"];
@@ -88,7 +93,6 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
   @or("model.errorHtml", "model.errorMessage") hasError;
   @not("hasError") noErrorYet;
   @alias("site.categoriesList") categories;
-  @alias("selectedPostIds.length") selectedPostsCount;
   @alias("selectedAllPosts") canDeselectAll;
   @or("model.postStream.loadedAllPosts", "model.postStream.loadingLastPost")
   loadedAllPosts;
@@ -132,6 +136,11 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
     });
   }
 
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get selectedPostsCount() {
+    return this.selectedPostIds.length;
+  }
+
   get titleIsVisibleOnHeader() {
     return !this.header.mainTopicTitleVisible;
   }
@@ -341,7 +350,7 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
       ),
     })
       .then((result) => {
-        result.post_ids.pushObject(post.get("id"));
+        result.post_ids.push(post.get("id"));
         this._updateSelectedPostIds(result.post_ids);
       })
       .finally(() => {
@@ -469,7 +478,7 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
   deletePending(pending) {
     return ajax(`/review/${pending.id}`, { type: "DELETE" })
       .then(() => {
-        this.get("model.pending_posts").removeObject(pending);
+        removeValueFromArray(this.model.pending_posts, pending);
       })
       .catch(popupAjaxError);
   }
@@ -1096,9 +1105,12 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
   @action
   togglePostSelection(post) {
     const selected = this.selectedPostIds;
-    selected.includes(post.id)
-      ? selected.removeObject(post.id)
-      : selected.addObject(post.id);
+
+    if (selected.includes(post.id)) {
+      removeValueFromArray(selected, post.id);
+    } else {
+      addUniqueValueToArray(selected, post.id);
+    }
   }
 
   @action
@@ -1534,7 +1546,7 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
 
     const bookmark = this.model.bookmarks.find((b) => b.id === data.id);
     if (!bookmark) {
-      this.model.bookmarks.pushObject(Bookmark.create(data));
+      this.model.bookmarks.push(Bookmark.create(data));
     } else {
       bookmark.reminder_at = data.reminder_at;
       bookmark.name = data.name;
@@ -1628,22 +1640,12 @@ export default class TopicController extends Controller {
       : undefined;
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed(
-    "selectedPostsCount",
-    "model.postStream.isMegaTopic",
-    "model.postStream.stream.length",
-    "model.posts_count"
-  )
-  selectedAllPosts(
-    selectedPostsCount,
-    isMegaTopic,
-    postsCount,
-    topicPostsCount
-  ) {
-    if (isMegaTopic) {
-      return selectedPostsCount >= topicPostsCount;
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get selectedAllPosts() {
+    if (this.model.postStream.isMegaTopic) {
+      return this.selectedPostsCount >= this.model.posts_count;
     } else {
-      return selectedPostsCount >= postsCount;
+      return this.selectedPostsCount >= this.model.postStream.stream.length;
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/user-invited/show.js b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/user-invited/show.js
index e0d862eb87ada..d607d78d397d2 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/user-invited/show.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/controllers/user-invited/show.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { observes } from "@ember-decorators/object";
 import CreateInvite from "discourse/components/modal/create-invite";
 import CreateInviteBulk from "discourse/components/modal/create-invite-bulk";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed, { debounce } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { INPUT_DELAY } from "discourse/lib/environment";
 import Invite from "discourse/models/invite";
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ export default class UserInvitedShowController extends Controller {
   async destroyInvite(invite) {
     try {
       await invite.destroy();
-      this.model.invites.removeObject(invite);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.model.invites, invite);
     } catch (error) {
       popupAjaxError(error);
     }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/deprecation-workflow.js b/frontend/discourse/app/deprecation-workflow.js
index e25c36943053f..08cb3028a0805 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/deprecation-workflow.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/deprecation-workflow.js
@@ -259,93 +259,7 @@ const DeprecationWorkflow = new DiscourseDeprecationWorkflow([
   },
   {
     handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.[]",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.addObjects",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.any",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.clear",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.compact",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.filterBy",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.findBy",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.get",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.isAny",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.mapBy",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.pushObjects",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.reject",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.rejectBy",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.replace",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.set",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.sortBy",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.toArray",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.uniq",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.uniqBy",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "log",
-    matchId: "discourse.native-array-extensions.without",
-  },
-  {
-    handler: ["silence", "counter"],
-    matchId: /^discourse\.native-array-extensions\..+$/,
-    env: ["test"],
-  },
-  {
-    handler: "silence",
     matchId: /^discourse\.native-array-extensions\..+$/,
-    env: ["development", "production"],
   },
 ]);
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/instance-initializers/subscribe-user-notifications.js b/frontend/discourse/app/instance-initializers/subscribe-user-notifications.js
index dbc90cef69d0e..012acb13aca66 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/instance-initializers/subscribe-user-notifications.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/instance-initializers/subscribe-user-notifications.js
@@ -196,8 +196,9 @@ class SubscribeUserNotificationsInit {
           }
         }
 
-        oldNotifications.insertAt(
+        oldNotifications.splice(
           insertPosition,
+          0,
           Notification.create(lastNotification)
         );
       }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/array-tools.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/array-tools.js
index 637b432295659..9181b86c8ea24 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/array-tools.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/array-tools.js
@@ -6,10 +6,24 @@ import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
  *
  * @param {Array} target - The array to check and add the value to.
  * @param {*} value - The value to add to the array if it doesn't already exist.
+ * @param {Function} [selector] - Optional function used to transform each value for uniqueness comparison.
+ * If undefined, strict equality comparison will be used.
  * @return {Array} The updated array containing the value if it was not already present.
+ * @example
+ * // Using simple value comparison
+ * addUniqueValueToArray([1, 2], 3) // returns [1, 2, 3]
+ * addUniqueValueToArray([1, 2], 2) // returns [1, 2]
+ *
+ * // Using selector function
+ * const arr = [{id: 1}, {id: 2}];
+ * addUniqueValueToArray(arr, {id: 3}, (item) => item.id) // adds object with id 3
  */
-export function addUniqueValueToArray(target, value) {
-  if (!target.includes(value)) {
+export function addUniqueValueToArray(target, value, selector) {
+  const uniqByValue = selector && selector(value);
+  const exists = selector
+    ? target.some((item) => selector(item) === uniqByValue)
+    : target.includes(value);
+  if (!exists) {
     target.push(value);
   }
 
@@ -20,11 +34,14 @@ export function addUniqueValueToArray(target, value) {
  * Adds multiple values to the specified array only if they do not already exist in the array.
  * This function iterates through the provided values and ensures each value is checked and added individually.
  *
- * @param {Array} target The array to which values will be added if they do not already exist.
- * @param {Array} values The array of values to check and add to the target array if they are not present.
+ * @param {Array} target - The array to which values will be added if they do not already exist.
+ * @param {Array} values - The array of values to check and add to the target array if they are not present.
+ * @param {Function} [selector] - Optional function used to transform each value for uniqueness comparison.
+ * If undefined, strict equality comparison will be used.
+ * @throws {TypeError} When target or values parameters are not arrays.
  * @return {void} This function does not return a value; it directly modifies the input array.
  */
-export function addUniqueValuesToArray(target, values) {
+export function addUniqueValuesToArray(target, values, selector) {
   if (!Array.isArray(target)) {
     throw new TypeError("addUniqueValuesToArray: 'target' must be an array");
   }
@@ -33,7 +50,7 @@ export function addUniqueValuesToArray(target, values) {
   }
 
   for (const value of values) {
-    addUniqueValueToArray(target, value);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(target, value, selector);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/legacy-array-like-object.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/legacy-array-like-object.js
index 28b490f82a0e0..13e746981fa8e 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/legacy-array-like-object.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/legacy-array-like-object.js
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ const ARRAY_PROPERTIES = new Set(
 );
 
 /**
+ * @deprecated
+ *
  * LegacyArrayLikeObject is an EmberObject that proxies array-like behavior to a TrackedArray,
  * while exposing additional properties and methods. Access array methods via `.content`.
  *
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/post-bookmark-manager.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/post-bookmark-manager.js
index 057666952ebdf..86c8c1b589305 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/post-bookmark-manager.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/post-bookmark-manager.js
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ export default class PostBookmarkManager {
 
   _syncBookmarks(data) {
     if (!this.topicController.bookmarks) {
-      this.topicController.set("bookmarks", []);
+      this.topicController.bookmarks = [];
     }
 
     const bookmark = this.topicController.bookmarks.find(
       (b) => b.id === data.id
     );
     if (!bookmark) {
-      this.topicController.bookmarks.pushObject(Bookmark.create(data));
+      this.topicController.bookmarks.push(Bookmark.create(data));
     } else {
       bookmark.reminder_at = data.reminder_at;
       bookmark.name = data.name;
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/search.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/search.js
index 9a32e083dc69b..30b8dc71f2432 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/search.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/search.js
@@ -274,10 +274,10 @@ export function updateRecentSearches(currentUser, term) {
   if (recentSearches.includes(term)) {
     recentSearches = recentSearches.filter((item) => item !== term);
   } else if (recentSearches.length === MAX_RECENT_SEARCHES) {
-    recentSearches.popObject();
+    recentSearches.pop();
   }
 
-  recentSearches.unshiftObject(term);
+  recentSearches.unshift(term);
   currentUser.set("recent_searches", recentSearches);
 }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/sidebar/section.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/sidebar/section.js
index 87444732c2a12..163d8b51f2231 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/sidebar/section.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/sidebar/section.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import SidebarSectionForm from "discourse/components/modal/sidebar-section-form"
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { bind } from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import SectionLink from "discourse/lib/sidebar/section-link";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { unicodeSlugify } from "discourse/lib/utilities";
 import { i18n } from "discourse-i18n";
 
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ export default class Section {
   @service router;
 
   @tracked dragCss;
-  @tracked links;
+  @trackedArray links;
 
   constructor({ section, owner }) {
     setOwner(this, owner);
@@ -69,16 +70,16 @@ export default class Section {
 
   @bind
   moveLinkDown(link) {
-    const position = this.links.indexOf(link) + 1;
-    this.links = this.links.removeObject(link);
-    this.links.splice(position, 0, link);
+    const position = this.links.indexOf(link);
+    this.links.splice(position, 1);
+    this.links.splice(position + 1, 0, link);
   }
 
   @bind
   moveLinkUp(link) {
-    const position = this.links.indexOf(link) - 1;
-    this.links = this.links.removeObject(link);
-    this.links.splice(position, 0, link);
+    const position = this.links.indexOf(link);
+    this.links.splice(position, 1);
+    this.links.splice(position - 1, 0, link);
   }
 
   @bind
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/topic-bookmark-manager.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/topic-bookmark-manager.js
index c3862dc35f571..decb56af46715 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/topic-bookmark-manager.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/topic-bookmark-manager.js
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export default class TopicBookmarkManager {
       (b) => b.id === data.id
     );
     if (!bookmark) {
-      this.topicController.bookmarks.pushObject(Bookmark.create(data));
+      this.topicController.bookmarks.push(Bookmark.create(data));
     } else {
       bookmark.reminder_at = data.reminder_at;
       bookmark.name = data.name;
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/tracked-tools.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/tracked-tools.js
index ecd451aa0803b..cb5191b6c8540 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/tracked-tools.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/tracked-tools.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
+import { meta as metaFor } from "@ember/-internals/meta";
+import { TrackedDescriptor } from "@ember/-internals/metal";
 import { next } from "@ember/runloop";
 import { TrackedArray, TrackedSet } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 
@@ -178,15 +180,16 @@ export class DeferredTrackedSet {
 }
 
 /**
- * Converts a value to TrackedArray if needed and validates the type
+ * Converts a value to TrackedArray if needed and validates the type.
  *
- * @param {*} value - Value to convert
- * @returns {TrackedArray|null} Converted value
- * @throws {Error} If value is not an array, TrackedArray, or null
+ * @param {TrackedArray|Array|null|undefined} value - Value to convert
+ * @returns {TrackedArray|null|undefined} - Returns the value converted to TrackedArray if needed,
+ *                                         or null/undefined if those values were passed
+ * @throws {Error} If value is not an array, TrackedArray, null or undefined
  */
 function ensureTrackedArray(value) {
-  if (value === null) {
-    return null;
+  if (typeof value === "undefined" || value === null) {
+    return value;
   }
 
   if (value instanceof TrackedArray) {
@@ -197,7 +200,9 @@ function ensureTrackedArray(value) {
     return new TrackedArray(value);
   }
 
-  throw new Error(`Expected an array or TrackedArray, got ${typeof value}`);
+  throw new Error(
+    `Expected an array, TrackedArray, null, or undefined, got ${typeof value}. Value received: ${value}`
+  );
 }
 
 /**
@@ -227,16 +232,29 @@ export function trackedArray(target, key, desc) {
     ...desc,
     enumerable: true,
     configurable: true,
+    isTracked: true,
   });
 
+  function trackedArraySetter(value) {
+    set.call(this, ensureTrackedArray(value));
+  }
+
+  // When using EmberObject.create(...), Ember accesses the tracked properties directly
+  // through internal references, bypassing the getter/setter defined in this decorator.
+  // To work around this, we are using Ember lower level APIs to override the stored references.
+  // https://github.com/emberjs/ember.js/blob/d4f7c5c4075bc5b04736e0e965468bdbe6da135c/packages/%40ember/-internals/metal/lib/tracked.ts#L185
+  metaFor(target).writeDescriptors(
+    key,
+    new TrackedDescriptor(get, trackedArraySetter)
+  );
+
   return {
     get() {
       return get.call(this);
     },
-    set(value) {
-      set.call(this, ensureTrackedArray(value));
-    },
+    set: trackedArraySetter,
     enumerable: true,
     configurable: true,
+    isTracked: true,
   };
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/uppy/composer-upload.js b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/uppy/composer-upload.js
index c7b4c9301c95e..1e4b998a05c18 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/lib/uppy/composer-upload.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/lib/uppy/composer-upload.js
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ export default class UppyComposerUpload {
           // The inProgressUploads is meant to be used to display these uploads
           // in a UI, and Ember will only update the array in the UI if pushObject
           // is used to notify it.
-          this.#inProgressUploads.pushObject(
+          this.#inProgressUploads.push(
             EmberObject.create({
               fileName: file.name,
               id: file.id,
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/category.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/category.js
index 825edfba7648c..f6ba3a975784c 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/category.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/category.js
@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
 import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import { warn } from "@ember/debug";
 import { computed, get } from "@ember/object";
+import { dependentKeyCompat } from "@ember/object/compat";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { compare } from "@ember/utils";
+import { TrackedObject } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { getOwnerWithFallback } from "discourse/lib/get-owner";
 import getURL from "discourse/lib/get-url";
 import { MultiCache } from "discourse/lib/multi-cache";
 import { NotificationLevels } from "discourse/lib/notification-levels";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { applyValueTransformer } from "discourse/lib/transformer";
 import PermissionType from "discourse/models/permission-type";
 import RestModel from "discourse/models/rest";
@@ -468,11 +475,14 @@ export default class Category extends RestModel {
   @service currentUser;
 
   @tracked color;
-  @tracked styleType = this.style_type;
   @tracked emoji;
   @tracked icon;
   @tracked localizations = this.category_localizations;
-  permissions = null;
+  @tracked minimum_required_tags;
+  @tracked styleType = this.style_type;
+  @trackedArray available_groups;
+  @trackedArray permissions;
+  @trackedArray required_tag_groups;
 
   init() {
     super.init(...arguments);
@@ -484,19 +494,19 @@ export default class Category extends RestModel {
       return;
     }
 
-    this.set("availableGroups", this.available_groups);
-
     if (this.group_permissions) {
-      this.set(
-        "permissions",
-        this.group_permissions.map((elem) => {
-          this.available_groups.removeObject(elem.group_name);
-          return elem;
-        })
-      );
+      this.permissions = this.group_permissions.map((elem) => {
+        removeValueFromArray(this.available_groups, elem.group_name);
+        return new TrackedObject(elem);
+      });
     }
   }
 
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get availableGroups() {
+    return this.available_groups;
+  }
+
   get descriptionText() {
     return applyValueTransformer(
       "category-description-text",
@@ -553,8 +563,8 @@ export default class Category extends RestModel {
     });
   }
 
-  @discourseComputed("required_tag_groups", "minimum_required_tags")
-  minimumRequiredTags() {
+  @dependentKeyCompat
+  get minimumRequiredTags() {
     if (this.required_tag_groups?.length > 0) {
       // it should require the max between the bare minimum set in the category and the sum of the min_count of the
       // required_tag_groups
@@ -843,24 +853,25 @@ export default class Category extends RestModel {
   }
 
   addPermission(permission) {
-    this.permissions.addObject(permission);
-    this.availableGroups.removeObject(permission.group_name);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(this.permissions, new TrackedObject(permission));
+    removeValueFromArray(this.available_groups, permission.group_name);
   }
 
   removePermission(group_name) {
     const permission = this.permissions.find(
       (p) => p.group_name === group_name
     );
+
     if (permission) {
-      this.permissions.removeObject(permission);
-      this.availableGroups.addObject(group_name);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.permissions, permission);
+      addUniqueValueToArray(this.available_groups, group_name);
     }
   }
 
   updatePermission(group_name, type) {
     this.permissions.forEach((p, i) => {
       if (p.group_name === group_name) {
-        this.set(`permissions.${i}.permission_type`, type);
+        this.permissions[i].permission_type = type;
       }
     });
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/group.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/group.js
index 8a882b3013d65..385f145a22dbc 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/group.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/group.js
@@ -439,7 +439,9 @@ export default class Group extends RestModel {
       data: { offset, filters },
     }).then((results) => {
       return EmberObject.create({
-        logs: results["logs"].map((log) => GroupHistory.create(log)),
+        logs: new TrackedArray(
+          results["logs"].map((log) => GroupHistory.create(log))
+        ),
         all_loaded: results["all_loaded"],
       });
     });
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/site.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/site.js
index dce81475b65ca..0f82f7975c0a7 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/site.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/site.js
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import { alias, sort } from "@ember/object/computed";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { htmlSafe } from "@ember/template";
 import { isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import deprecated, { withSilencedDeprecations } from "discourse/lib/deprecated";
 import { isRailsTesting, isTesting } from "discourse/lib/environment";
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ export default class Site extends RestModel {
   @service siteSettings;
   @service capabilities;
 
-  @trackedArray categories;
+  @trackedArray categories = [];
 
   @alias("is_readonly") isReadOnly;
 
@@ -96,7 +98,6 @@ export default class Site extends RestModel {
     super.init(...arguments);
 
     this.topicCountDesc = ["topic_count:desc"];
-    this.categories = this.categories || [];
   }
 
   @dependentKeyCompat
@@ -160,11 +161,9 @@ export default class Site extends RestModel {
     return this.mobileView;
   }
 
-  @computed("categories.[]")
+  @dependentKeyCompat
   get categoriesById() {
-    const map = new Map();
-    this.categories.forEach((c) => map.set(c.id, c));
-    return map;
+    return new Map(this.categories.map((c) => [c.id, c]));
   }
 
   @computed("categories.@each.parent_category_id")
@@ -193,7 +192,7 @@ export default class Site extends RestModel {
     if (!postActionTypes) {
       return [];
     }
-    return postActionTypes.filter((type) => type.is_flag);
+    return new TrackedArray(postActionTypes.filter((type) => type.is_flag));
   }
 
   collectUserFields(fields) {
@@ -255,7 +254,7 @@ export default class Site extends RestModel {
     const categories = this.categories;
     const existingCategory = categories.find((c) => c.id === id);
     if (existingCategory) {
-      categories.removeObject(existingCategory);
+      removeValueFromArray(categories, existingCategory);
     }
   }
 
@@ -281,7 +280,7 @@ export default class Site extends RestModel {
     } else {
       // TODO insert in right order?
       newCategory = this.store.createRecord("category", newCategory);
-      categories.pushObject(newCategory);
+      categories.push(newCategory);
       return newCategory;
     }
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-details.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-details.js
index 1ee0537e17528..77752f3b5001a 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-details.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-details.js
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import EmberObject from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import RestModel from "discourse/models/rest";
 
 /**
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ export default class TopicDetails extends RestModel {
   @tracked can_split_merge_topic;
   @tracked created_by;
   @tracked notification_level;
+  @trackedArray allowed_groups;
+  @trackedArray allowed_users;
 
   loaded = false;
 
@@ -54,27 +58,33 @@ export default class TopicDetails extends RestModel {
     });
   }
 
-  removeAllowedGroup(group) {
+  async removeAllowedGroup(group) {
     const groups = this.allowed_groups;
     const name = group.name;
 
-    return ajax("/t/" + this.get("topic.id") + "/remove-allowed-group", {
+    await ajax(`/t/${this.get("topic.id")}/remove-allowed-group`, {
       type: "PUT",
       data: { name },
-    }).then(() => {
-      groups.removeObject(groups.find((item) => item.name === name));
     });
+
+    removeValueFromArray(
+      groups,
+      groups.find((item) => item.name === name)
+    );
   }
 
-  removeAllowedUser(user) {
+  async removeAllowedUser(user) {
     const users = this.allowed_users;
     const username = user.get("username");
 
-    return ajax("/t/" + this.get("topic.id") + "/remove-allowed-user", {
+    await ajax(`/t/${this.get("topic.id")}/remove-allowed-user`, {
       type: "PUT",
       data: { username },
-    }).then(() => {
-      users.removeObject(users.find((item) => item.username === username));
     });
+
+    removeValueFromArray(
+      users,
+      users.find((item) => item.username === username)
+    );
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-list.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-list.js
index 564bf4eaf6d32..8959082edd38c 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-list.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic-list.js
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
 import { Promise } from "rsvp";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import { removeValuesFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import deprecated from "discourse/lib/deprecated";
 import { getOwnerWithFallback } from "discourse/lib/get-owner";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import RestModel from "discourse/models/rest";
 import Site from "discourse/models/site";
 import User from "discourse/models/user";
@@ -124,6 +126,8 @@ export default class TopicList extends RestModel {
   @service session;
 
   @tracked loadingBefore = false;
+  @trackedArray topics;
+
   @notEmpty("more_topics_url") canLoadMore;
 
   forEachNew(topics, callback) {
@@ -196,7 +200,7 @@ export default class TopicList extends RestModel {
 
           this.forEachNew(newTopics, (t) => {
             t.set("highlight", topicsAdded++ === 0);
-            this.topics.pushObject(t);
+            this.topics.push(t);
           });
 
           this.setProperties({
@@ -224,7 +228,8 @@ export default class TopicList extends RestModel {
       const result = await ajax({ url, data: this.params });
 
       // refresh dupes
-      this.topics.removeObjects(
+      removeValuesFromArray(
+        this.topics,
         this.topics.filter((topic) => topic_ids.includes(topic.id))
       );
 
@@ -232,7 +237,7 @@ export default class TopicList extends RestModel {
       this.forEachNew(TopicList.topicsFrom(this.store, result), (t) => {
         // highlight the first of the new topics so we can get a visual feedback
         t.set("highlight", true);
-        this.topics.insertAt(i, t);
+        this.topics.splice(i, 0, t);
         i++;
       });
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic.js
index 1d99de1c22ddd..9e839452a6e99 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/topic.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { Promise } from "rsvp";
 import { resolveShareUrl } from "discourse/helpers/share-url";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
 import { popupAjaxError } from "discourse/lib/ajax-error";
+import { removeValuesFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { fmt, propertyEqual } from "discourse/lib/computed";
 import { TOPIC_VISIBILITY_REASONS } from "discourse/lib/constants";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ import { deepMerge } from "discourse/lib/object";
 import PreloadStore from "discourse/lib/preload-store";
 import { emojiUnescape } from "discourse/lib/text";
 import { fancyTitle } from "discourse/lib/topic-fancy-title";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import DiscourseURL, { userPath } from "discourse/lib/url";
 import ActionSummary from "discourse/models/action-summary";
 import Bookmark from "discourse/models/bookmark";
@@ -315,6 +317,8 @@ export default class Topic extends RestModel {
   @tracked posts_count;
   @tracked replies_to_post_number;
   @tracked suggested_topics;
+  @trackedArray bookmarks;
+  @trackedArray pending_posts;
 
   message = null;
 
@@ -459,17 +463,13 @@ export default class Topic extends RestModel {
   @dependentKeyCompat
   @cached
   get relatedMessages() {
-    return this.get("related_messages")?.map((st) =>
-      this.store.createRecord("topic", st)
-    );
+    return this.get("related_messages")?.map((data) => Topic.create(data));
   }
 
   @dependentKeyCompat
   @cached
   get suggestedTopics() {
-    return this.get("suggested_topics")?.map((st) =>
-      this.store.createRecord("topic", st)
-    );
+    return this.get("suggested_topics")?.map((data) => Topic.create(data));
   }
 
   @discourseComputed("posts_count")
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ export default class Topic extends RestModel {
     if (!json.view_hidden) {
       this.details.updateFromJson(json.details);
 
-      keys.removeObjects(["details", "post_stream"]);
+      removeValuesFromArray(keys, ["details", "post_stream"]);
 
       if (json.published_page) {
         this.set(
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/user-stream.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/user-stream.js
index af33761008887..f69fe7340e977 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/user-stream.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/user-stream.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { url } from "discourse/lib/computed";
 import discourseComputed from "discourse/lib/decorators";
 import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ export default class UserStream extends RestModel {
       ["likes", "stars", "edits", "bookmarks"].forEach((group) => {
         const items = ua.get(`childGroups.${group}.items`);
         if (items) {
-          items.removeObject(userAction);
+          removeValueFromArray(items, userAction);
         }
       });
     });
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/models/user.js b/frontend/discourse/app/models/user.js
index 23fad1e8087a5..346f6e642676a 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/models/user.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/models/user.js
@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ import { isEmpty } from "@ember/utils";
 import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import { Promise } from "rsvp";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
-import { uniqueItemsFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
+import {
+  addUniqueValueToArray,
+  removeValueFromArray,
+  uniqueItemsFromArray,
+} from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { url } from "discourse/lib/computed";
 import {
   INTERFACE_COLOR_MODES,
@@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ import { NotificationLevels } from "discourse/lib/notification-levels";
 import PreloadStore from "discourse/lib/preload-store";
 import singleton from "discourse/lib/singleton";
 import { emojiUnescape } from "discourse/lib/text";
+import { trackedArray } from "discourse/lib/tracked-tools";
 import { userPath } from "discourse/lib/url";
 import { defaultHomepage, escapeExpression } from "discourse/lib/utilities";
 import Badge from "discourse/models/badge";
@@ -218,6 +223,12 @@ export default class User extends RestModel.extend(Evented) {
   @tracked do_not_disturb_until;
   @tracked status;
   @tracked dismissed_banner_key;
+  @trackedArray associated_accounts;
+  @trackedArray ignored_usernames;
+  @trackedArray ignored_users;
+  @trackedArray secondary_emails;
+  @trackedArray sidebar_sections;
+  @trackedArray unconfirmed_emails;
 
   @userOption("mailing_list_mode") mailing_list_mode;
   @userOption("external_links_in_new_tab") external_links_in_new_tab;
@@ -494,7 +505,7 @@ export default class User extends RestModel.extend(Evented) {
         this.set("unconfirmed_emails", []);
       }
 
-      this.unconfirmed_emails.pushObject(email);
+      this.unconfirmed_emails.push(email);
     });
   }
 
@@ -507,7 +518,7 @@ export default class User extends RestModel.extend(Evented) {
         this.set("unconfirmed_emails", []);
       }
 
-      this.unconfirmed_emails.pushObject(email);
+      this.unconfirmed_emails.push(email);
     });
   }
 
@@ -586,23 +597,24 @@ export default class User extends RestModel.extend(Evented) {
       type: "PUT",
       data: { email },
     }).then(() => {
-      this.secondary_emails.removeObject(email);
-      this.secondary_emails.pushObject(this.email);
+      removeValueFromArray(this.secondary_emails, email);
+      this.secondary_emails.push(this.email);
       this.set("email", email);
     });
   }
 
-  destroyEmail(email) {
-    return ajax(userPath(`${this.username}/preferences/email.json`), {
+  async destroyEmail(email) {
+    await ajax(userPath(`${this.username}/preferences/email.json`), {
       type: "DELETE",
       data: { email },
-    }).then(() => {
-      if (this.unconfirmed_emails.includes(email)) {
-        this.unconfirmed_emails.removeObject(email);
-      } else {
-        this.secondary_emails.removeObject(email);
-      }
     });
+
+    removeValueFromArray(
+      this.unconfirmed_emails.includes(email)
+        ? this.unconfirmed_emails
+        : this.secondary_emails,
+      email
+    );
   }
 
   changePassword() {
@@ -749,8 +761,8 @@ export default class User extends RestModel.extend(Evented) {
 
     ua.title = emojiUnescape(escapeExpression(ua.title));
     const action = UserAction.collapseStream([UserAction.create(ua)]);
-    this.stream.set("itemsLoaded", this.stream.get("itemsLoaded") + 1);
-    this.stream.get("content").insertAt(0, action[0]);
+    this.stream.itemsLoaded += 1;
+    this.stream.content.unshift(action[0]);
   }
 
   inAllStream(ua) {
@@ -1065,9 +1077,9 @@ export default class User extends RestModel.extend(Evented) {
         actingUser.ignored_users = [];
       }
       if (level === "normal" || level === "mute") {
-        actingUser.ignored_users.removeObject(this.username);
+        removeValueFromArray(actingUser.ignored_users, this.username);
       } else if (level === "ignore") {
-        actingUser.ignored_users.addObject(this.username);
+        addUniqueValueToArray(actingUser.ignored_users, this.username);
       }
     });
   }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/routes/discovery/categories.js b/frontend/discourse/app/routes/discovery/categories.js
index 14c462b194b30..a84d4695acdc9 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/routes/discovery/categories.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/routes/discovery/categories.js
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { action } from "@ember/object";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
 import { hash } from "rsvp";
 import { ajax } from "discourse/lib/ajax";
+import { removeValuesFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { MAX_UNOPTIMIZED_CATEGORIES } from "discourse/lib/constants";
 import PreloadStore from "discourse/lib/preload-store";
 import { defaultHomepage } from "discourse/lib/utilities";
@@ -70,31 +71,31 @@ export default class DiscoveryCategoriesRoute extends DiscourseRoute {
   _loadBefore(store) {
     const session = this.session;
 
-    return function (topic_ids, storeInSession) {
+    return async function (topic_ids, storeInSession) {
       // refresh dupes
-      this.topics.removeObjects(
+      removeValuesFromArray(
+        this.topics, // this is a CategoryList instance
         this.topics.filter((topic) => topic_ids.includes(topic.id))
       );
 
       const url = `/latest.json?topic_ids=${topic_ids.join(",")}`;
 
-      return ajax({ url, data: this.params }).then((result) => {
-        const topicIds = new Set();
-        this.topics.forEach((topic) => topicIds.add(topic.id));
+      const result = await ajax({ url, data: this.params });
+      const topicIds = new Set();
+      this.topics.forEach((topic) => topicIds.add(topic.id));
 
-        let i = 0;
-        TopicList.topicsFrom(store, result).forEach((topic) => {
-          if (!topicIds.has(topic.id)) {
-            topic.set("highlight", true);
-            this.topics.insertAt(i, topic);
-            i++;
-          }
-        });
-
-        if (storeInSession) {
-          session.set("topicList", this);
+      let i = 0;
+      TopicList.topicsFrom(store, result).forEach((topic) => {
+        if (!topicIds.has(topic.id)) {
+          topic.set("highlight", true);
+          this.topics.splice(i, 0, topic);
+          i++;
         }
       });
+
+      if (storeInSession) {
+        session.set("topicList", this);
+      }
     };
   }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/routes/new-invite.js b/frontend/discourse/app/routes/new-invite.js
index 930efefe85b0c..833778286377f 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/routes/new-invite.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/routes/new-invite.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { next } from "@ember/runloop";
 import { service } from "@ember/service";
+import { TrackedArray } from "@ember-compat/tracked-built-ins";
 import CreateInvite from "discourse/components/modal/create-invite";
 import { defaultHomepage } from "discourse/lib/utilities";
 import DiscourseRoute from "discourse/routes/discourse";
@@ -34,7 +35,9 @@ export default class extends DiscourseRoute {
   #openInviteModalIfAllowed() {
     next(() => {
       if (this.currentUser.can_invite_to_forum) {
-        this.modal.show(CreateInvite, { model: { invites: [] } });
+        this.modal.show(CreateInvite, {
+          model: { invites: new TrackedArray() },
+        });
       } else {
         this.dialog.alert(i18n("user.invited.cannot_invite_to_forum"));
       }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/app/services/composer.js b/frontend/discourse/app/services/composer.js
index 033af61a82bda..d16c9b25ecf8d 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/app/services/composer.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/app/services/composer.js
@@ -1185,9 +1185,9 @@ export default class ComposerService extends Service {
         if (result.responseJson.action === "enqueued") {
           this.postWasEnqueued(result.responseJson);
           if (result.responseJson.pending_post) {
-            let pendingPosts = this.get("topicController.model.pending_posts");
+            let pendingPosts = this.topicController.model.pending_posts;
             if (pendingPosts) {
-              pendingPosts.pushObject(result.responseJson.pending_post);
+              pendingPosts.push(result.responseJson.pending_post);
             }
           }
 
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/bulk-select-topics-dropdown-test.gjs b/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/bulk-select-topics-dropdown-test.gjs
index 87ff408149c3c..6720fce80c9db 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/bulk-select-topics-dropdown-test.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/bulk-select-topics-dropdown-test.gjs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { getOwner } from "@ember/owner";
 import { click, render } from "@ember/test-helpers";
 import { module, test } from "qunit";
 import BulkSelectTopicsDropdown from "discourse/components/bulk-select-topics-dropdown";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import BulkSelectHelper from "discourse/lib/bulk-select-helper";
 import { TOPIC_VISIBILITY_REASONS } from "discourse/lib/constants";
 import { setupRenderingTest } from "discourse/tests/helpers/component-test";
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ function createBulkSelectHelper(testThis, opts = {}) {
 
   const bulkSelectHelper = new BulkSelectHelper(testThis);
   topics.forEach((t) => {
-    bulkSelectHelper.selected.addObject(t);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(bulkSelectHelper.selected, t);
   });
   return bulkSelectHelper;
 }
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/secret-value-list-test.gjs b/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/secret-value-list-test.gjs
index f59b20e787386..bf40b6e4f7cc5 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/secret-value-list-test.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/integration/components/secret-value-list-test.gjs
@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ module("Integration | Component | secret-value-list", function (hooks) {
 
   test("adding a value", async function (assert) {
     this.set("setValidationMessage", () => {});
+    this.set("changeValueCallback", (values) => this.set("values", values));
 
     await render(
       <template>
         <SecretValueList
           @values={{this.values}}
           @setValidationMessage={{this.setValidationMessage}}
+          @changeValueCallback={{this.changeValueCallback}}
         />
       </template>
     );
@@ -62,12 +64,14 @@ module("Integration | Component | secret-value-list", function (hooks) {
       this.set("message", message);
     };
     this.set("setValidationMessage", setValidationMessage);
+    this.set("changeValueCallback", (values) => this.set("values", values));
 
     await render(
       <template>
         <SecretValueList
           @values={{this.values}}
           @setValidationMessage={{this.setValidationMessage}}
+          @changeValueCallback={{this.changeValueCallback}}
         />
       </template>
     );
@@ -95,12 +99,14 @@ module("Integration | Component | secret-value-list", function (hooks) {
 
   test("changing a value", async function (assert) {
     this.set("setValidationMessage", () => {});
+    this.set("changeValueCallback", (values) => this.set("values", values));
 
     await render(
       <template>
         <SecretValueList
           @values={{this.values}}
           @setValidationMessage={{this.setValidationMessage}}
+          @changeValueCallback={{this.changeValueCallback}}
         />
       </template>
     );
@@ -135,12 +141,14 @@ module("Integration | Component | secret-value-list", function (hooks) {
 
   test("removing a value", async function (assert) {
     this.set("setValidationMessage", () => {});
+    this.set("changeValueCallback", (values) => this.set("values", values));
 
     await render(
       <template>
         <SecretValueList
           @values={{this.values}}
           @setValidationMessage={{this.setValidationMessage}}
+          @changeValueCallback={{this.changeValueCallback}}
         />
       </template>
     );
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/controllers/topic-test.js b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/controllers/topic-test.js
index daf01732f76a0..145752ffad7ab 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/controllers/topic-test.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/controllers/topic-test.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { settled } from "@ember/test-helpers";
 import { setupTest } from "ember-qunit";
 import { module, test } from "qunit";
 import sinon from "sinon";
+import { removeValueFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import { forceMobile } from "discourse/lib/mobile";
 import { Placeholder } from "discourse/models/post-stream";
 import pretender, { response } from "discourse/tests/helpers/create-pretender";
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "multi selection mode is disabled by default"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.strictEqual(controller.selectedPostIds.length, 1);
 
     controller.send("toggleMultiSelect");
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "toggling 'multiSelect' clears 'selectedPostIds'"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(2);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(2);
     assert.strictEqual(controller.selectedPostIds.length, 1);
 
     controller.send("toggleMultiSelect");
@@ -170,10 +171,10 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
     controller.set("selectedPostIds", [1, 2]);
     assert.false(controller.selectedAllPosts, "not all posts are selected");
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(3);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(3);
     assert.true(controller.selectedAllPosts, "all posts are selected");
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(42);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(42);
     assert.true(
       controller.selectedAllPosts,
       "all posts (including filtered posts) are selected"
@@ -207,21 +208,21 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "no username when no selected posts"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.strictEqual(
       controller.selectedPostsUsername,
       "gary",
       "username of the selected posts"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(2);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(2);
     assert.strictEqual(
       controller.selectedPostsUsername,
       "gary",
       "username of all the selected posts when same user"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(3);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(3);
     assert.strictEqual(
       controller.selectedPostsUsername,
       undefined,
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "false when no posts are selected"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.false(
       controller.canDeleteSelected,
       "false when can't delete one of the selected posts"
@@ -291,7 +292,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "true when all selected posts can be deleted"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.false(
       controller.canDeleteSelected,
       "false when all posts are selected and user is staff"
@@ -323,7 +324,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "can't merge topic when no posts are selected"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
 
     assert.false(
       controller.canMergeTopic,
@@ -334,15 +335,15 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
 
     assert.true(controller.canMergeTopic, "can merge topic");
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.removeObject(1);
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(2);
+    removeValueFromArray(controller.selectedPostIds, 1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(2);
 
     assert.true(
       controller.canMergeTopic,
       "can merge topic when 1st post is not a regular post"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(3);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(3);
 
     assert.true(
       controller.canMergeTopic,
@@ -366,7 +367,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
 
     assert.false(controller.canChangeOwner, "false when no posts are selected");
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.false(controller.canChangeOwner, "false when not admin");
 
     currentUser.set("admin", true);
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "true when admin and one post is selected"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(2);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(2);
     assert.false(
       controller.canChangeOwner,
       "false when admin but more than 1 user"
@@ -401,7 +402,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
 
     assert.false(controller.canChangeOwner, "false when no posts are selected");
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.false(controller.canChangeOwner, "false when not moderator");
 
     currentUser.set("moderator", true);
@@ -410,7 +411,7 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
       "true when moderator and one post is selected"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(2);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(2);
     assert.false(
       controller.canChangeOwner,
       "false when moderator but more than 1 user"
@@ -433,13 +434,13 @@ module("Unit | Controller | topic", function (hooks) {
 
     assert.false(controller.canMergePosts, "false when no posts are selected");
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(1);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(1);
     assert.false(
       controller.canMergePosts,
       "false when only one post is selected"
     );
 
-    controller.selectedPostIds.pushObject(2);
+    controller.selectedPostIds.push(2);
     assert.false(
       controller.canMergePosts,
       "false when selected posts are from different users"
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/array-tools-test.js b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/array-tools-test.js
index 60e59a2fc9b04..da37562459060 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/array-tools-test.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/array-tools-test.js
@@ -74,6 +74,49 @@ module("Unit | Lib | array-tools", function () {
         "new distinct value appended"
       );
     });
+
+    test("adds object with selector based on property value", function (assert) {
+      const arr = [{ id: 1, name: "Alice" }];
+      addUniqueValueToArray(arr, { id: 2, name: "Bob" }, (item) => item.id);
+
+      assert.strictEqual(arr.length, 2, "object with different id added");
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        arr.map((o) => o.name),
+        ["Alice", "Bob"],
+        "both objects present"
+      );
+    });
+
+    test("does not add object with selector when value already exists", function (assert) {
+      const arr = [
+        { id: 1, name: "Alice" },
+        { id: 2, name: "Bob" },
+      ];
+      addUniqueValueToArray(arr, { id: 1, name: "Alice2" }, (item) => item.id);
+
+      assert.strictEqual(arr.length, 2, "duplicate id not added");
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        arr.map((o) => o.name),
+        ["Alice", "Bob"],
+        "original objects unchanged"
+      );
+    });
+
+    test("selector compares the transformed value", function (assert) {
+      const arr = [{ value: "apple" }, { value: "banana" }];
+      addUniqueValueToArray(arr, { value: "APPLE" }, (item) =>
+        item.value.toLowerCase()
+      );
+
+      assert.strictEqual(arr.length, 2, "case-insensitive duplicate not added");
+
+      addUniqueValueToArray(arr, { value: "CHERRY" }, (item) =>
+        item.value.toLowerCase()
+      );
+
+      assert.strictEqual(arr.length, 3, "unique value added");
+      assert.strictEqual(arr[2].value, "CHERRY", "new value appended");
+    });
   });
 
   module("addUniqueValuesToArray()", function () {
@@ -146,6 +189,74 @@ module("Unit | Lib | array-tools", function () {
       addUniqueValuesToArray(arr, [1, 2]);
       assert.deepEqual(arr, [1, 2], "second call no-ops");
     });
+
+    test("adds multiple objects with selector based on property value", function (assert) {
+      const arr = [{ id: 1, name: "Alice" }];
+      addUniqueValuesToArray(
+        arr,
+        [
+          { id: 2, name: "Bob" },
+          { id: 3, name: "Charlie" },
+          { id: 4, name: "David" },
+        ],
+        (item) => item.id
+      );
+
+      assert.strictEqual(arr.length, 4, "three new objects added");
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        arr.map((o) => o.name),
+        ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "David"],
+        "all unique objects present"
+      );
+    });
+
+    test("does not add objects with selector when values already exist", function (assert) {
+      const arr = [
+        { id: 1, name: "Alice" },
+        { id: 2, name: "Bob" },
+      ];
+      addUniqueValuesToArray(
+        arr,
+        [
+          { id: 1, name: "Alice2" },
+          { id: 3, name: "Charlie" },
+          { id: 2, name: "Bob2" },
+        ],
+        (item) => item.id
+      );
+
+      assert.strictEqual(arr.length, 3, "only unique id added");
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        arr.map((o) => o.name),
+        ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"],
+        "duplicate ids not added, new id added"
+      );
+    });
+
+    test("selector compares transformed values across multiple additions", function (assert) {
+      const arr = [{ value: "apple" }];
+      addUniqueValuesToArray(
+        arr,
+        [
+          { value: "APPLE" },
+          { value: "banana" },
+          { value: "BANANA" },
+          { value: "cherry" },
+        ],
+        (item) => item.value.toLowerCase()
+      );
+
+      assert.strictEqual(
+        arr.length,
+        3,
+        "only case-insensitive unique values added"
+      );
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        arr.map((o) => o.value),
+        ["apple", "banana", "cherry"],
+        "first occurrence of each unique value kept"
+      );
+    });
   });
 
   module("removeValueFromArray()", function () {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/tracked-tools-test.gjs b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/tracked-tools-test.gjs
index 4d499579958ae..3db4a9881c0f3 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/tracked-tools-test.gjs
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/lib/tracked-tools-test.gjs
@@ -153,6 +153,19 @@ module("Unit | tracked-tools", function () {
       );
     });
 
+    test("accepts undefined as initial value", function (assert) {
+      class TestClass {
+        @trackedArray items;
+      }
+
+      const instance = new TestClass();
+      assert.strictEqual(
+        instance.items,
+        undefined,
+        "should allow undefined as initial value"
+      );
+    });
+
     test("handles setting regular arrays", function (assert) {
       class TestClass {
         @trackedArray items;
@@ -204,6 +217,21 @@ module("Unit | tracked-tools", function () {
       assert.strictEqual(instance.items, null, "should allow setting to null");
     });
 
+    test("allows setting to undefined", function (assert) {
+      class TestClass {
+        @trackedArray items = ["initial"];
+      }
+
+      const instance = new TestClass();
+      instance.items = undefined;
+
+      assert.strictEqual(
+        instance.items,
+        undefined,
+        "should allow setting to undefined"
+      );
+    });
+
     test("throws error for invalid values", function (assert) {
       class TestClass {
         @trackedArray items = [];
@@ -215,7 +243,7 @@ module("Unit | tracked-tools", function () {
         () => {
           instance.items = "not an array";
         },
-        /Expected an array or TrackedArray, got string/,
+        /Expected an array, TrackedArray, null, or undefined, got/,
         "should throw for strings"
       );
 
@@ -223,7 +251,7 @@ module("Unit | tracked-tools", function () {
         () => {
           instance.items = 42;
         },
-        /Expected an array or TrackedArray, got number/,
+        /Expected an array, TrackedArray, null, or undefined, got/,
         "should throw for numbers"
       );
 
@@ -231,17 +259,9 @@ module("Unit | tracked-tools", function () {
         () => {
           instance.items = {};
         },
-        /Expected an array or TrackedArray, got object/,
+        /Expected an array, TrackedArray, null, or undefined, got/,
         "should throw for plain objects"
       );
-
-      assert.throws(
-        () => {
-          instance.items = undefined;
-        },
-        /Expected an array or TrackedArray, got undefined/,
-        "should throw for undefined"
-      );
     });
 
     test("tracks changes to array contents", function (assert) {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/nav-item-test.js b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/nav-item-test.js
index c8a6d0f01ebf0..d284ba718501e 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/nav-item-test.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/nav-item-test.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { getOwner } from "@ember/owner";
 import { setupTest } from "ember-qunit";
 import { module, test } from "qunit";
+import { addUniqueValueToArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import Category from "discourse/models/category";
 import NavItem from "discourse/models/nav-item";
 
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ module("Unit | Model | nav-item", function (hooks) {
       id: 123,
     });
     const site = getOwner(this).lookup("service:site");
-    site.categories.addObject(fooCategory);
+    addUniqueValueToArray(site.categories, fooCategory);
   });
 
   test("href", function (assert) {
diff --git a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/site-test.js b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/site-test.js
index be4714bd67eb3..bc4ef3e1b5dd3 100644
--- a/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/site-test.js
+++ b/frontend/discourse/tests/unit/models/site-test.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { getOwner } from "@ember/owner";
 import { setupTest } from "ember-qunit";
 import { module, test } from "qunit";
+import { removeValuesFromArray } from "discourse/lib/array-tools";
 import Site from "discourse/models/site";
 
 module("Unit | Model | site", function (hooks) {
@@ -42,8 +43,10 @@ module("Unit | Model | site", function (hooks) {
     );
 
     // remove invalid category and child
-    site.categories.removeObject(site.categories[2]);
-    site.categories.removeObject(site.categories[0]);
+    removeValuesFromArray(site.categories, [
+      site.categories[2],
+      site.categories[0],
+    ]);
 
     assert.strictEqual(
       site.categoriesByCount.length,