From acbb783cc196922027874ce8af34af35e0944886 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Wenzel Jakob <wenzel.jakob@epfl.ch>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 08:49:49 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] gh-151728: Clear the typing caches at interpreter
 shutdown

The typing module caches every subscripted type. When an extension module
leaks a reference to typing, these caches also keep types owned by other
(correct) extension modules alive past interpreter shutdown, where nothing
can free them anymore. The cache_clear callables are already collected in
typing._cleanups, so registering them with atexit is enough to avoid this.
---
 Lib/typing.py                                         | 11 +++++++++++
 .../2026-07-29-11-05-00.gh-issue-151728.Kq3vTn.rst    |  4 ++++
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-07-29-11-05-00.gh-issue-151728.Kq3vTn.rst

diff --git a/Lib/typing.py b/Lib/typing.py
index 054420865d7fb50..809c0ff88607a59 100644
--- a/Lib/typing.py
+++ b/Lib/typing.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 """
 
 from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
+import atexit
 import collections
 from collections import defaultdict
 import collections.abc
@@ -392,6 +393,16 @@ def _flatten_literal_params(parameters):
 _caches = {}
 
 
+def _clear_caches():
+    for cleanup in _cleanups:
+        cleanup()
+
+
+# Release the LRU caches at shutdown, they otherwise redistribute reference
+# leaks of one extension to types of unrelated ones. See GH-151728.
+atexit.register(_clear_caches)
+
+
 def _tp_cache(func=None, /, *, typed=False):
     """Internal wrapper caching __getitem__ of generic types.
 
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-07-29-11-05-00.gh-issue-151728.Kq3vTn.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-07-29-11-05-00.gh-issue-151728.Kq3vTn.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..39c63a1aea3193a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-07-29-11-05-00.gh-issue-151728.Kq3vTn.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Clear the internal :mod:`typing` caches from an exit handler. Previously, an
+extension module that leaked a reference to :mod:`typing` would also keep every
+subscripted type alive past interpreter shutdown, including types owned by
+unrelated extension modules.

From 875864e057593c4ce05c2b302a6e7d47cbfcaa28 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Wenzel Jakob <wenzel.jakob@epfl.ch>
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 2026 14:58:54 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Incorporate feedback

---
 Lib/test/libregrtest/utils.py | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/libregrtest/utils.py b/Lib/test/libregrtest/utils.py
index 32f02429ff33076..892d204700179f6 100644
--- a/Lib/test/libregrtest/utils.py
+++ b/Lib/test/libregrtest/utils.py
@@ -272,8 +272,7 @@ def clear_caches():
     except KeyError:
         pass
     else:
-        for f in typing._cleanups:
-            f()
+        typing._clear_caches()
 
         import inspect
         abs_classes = filter(inspect.isabstract, typing.__dict__.values())