diff --git a/src/httpx2/CHANGELOG.md b/src/httpx2/CHANGELOG.md
index 51e24cee..62c1fdad 100644
--- a/src/httpx2/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/src/httpx2/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
 
+## Unreleased
+
+### Changed
+
+* Limit the number of chained `Content-Encoding` decoders to 5.
+
 ## 2.3.0 (June 1st, 2026)
 
 ### Changed
diff --git a/src/httpx2/httpx2/_decoders.py b/src/httpx2/httpx2/_decoders.py
index b8b1bb29..1087a906 100644
--- a/src/httpx2/httpx2/_decoders.py
+++ b/src/httpx2/httpx2/_decoders.py
@@ -230,11 +230,16 @@ class MultiDecoder(ContentDecoder):
     Handle the case where multiple encodings have been applied.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, children: typing.Sequence[ContentDecoder]) -> None:
+    max_decode_links: typing.ClassVar[int] = 5
+
+    def __init__(self, encodings: typing.Sequence[str]) -> None:
         """
-        'children' should be a sequence of decoders in the order in which
+        'encodings' should be the content codings in the order in which
         each was applied.
         """
+        if len(encodings) > self.max_decode_links:
+            raise DecodingError(f"Cannot apply more than {self.max_decode_links} content encodings.")
+        children = [SUPPORTED_DECODERS[encoding]() for encoding in encodings if encoding in SUPPORTED_DECODERS]
         # Note that we reverse the order for decoding.
         self.children = list(reversed(children))
 
diff --git a/src/httpx2/httpx2/_models.py b/src/httpx2/httpx2/_models.py
index 834f0806..314342bd 100644
--- a/src/httpx2/httpx2/_models.py
+++ b/src/httpx2/httpx2/_models.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 from ._content import ByteStream, UnattachedStream, encode_request, encode_response
 from ._decoders import (
-    SUPPORTED_DECODERS,
     ByteChunker,
     ContentDecoder,
     IdentityDecoder,
@@ -679,20 +678,13 @@ def _get_content_decoder(self) -> ContentDecoder:
         content, depending on the Content-Encoding used in the response.
         """
         if not hasattr(self, "_decoder"):
-            decoders: list[ContentDecoder] = []
             values = self.headers.get_list("content-encoding", split_commas=True)
-            for value in values:
-                value = value.strip().lower()
-                try:
-                    decoder_cls = SUPPORTED_DECODERS[value]
-                    decoders.append(decoder_cls())
-                except KeyError:
-                    continue
-
-            if len(decoders) == 1:
-                self._decoder = decoders[0]
-            elif len(decoders) > 1:
-                self._decoder = MultiDecoder(children=decoders)
+            encodings = [value.strip().lower() for value in values]
+            decoder = MultiDecoder(encodings)
+            if len(decoder.children) == 1:
+                self._decoder = decoder.children[0]
+            elif decoder.children:
+                self._decoder = decoder
             else:
                 self._decoder = IdentityDecoder()
 
diff --git a/tests/httpx2/test_decoders.py b/tests/httpx2/test_decoders.py
index 2f137f7f..93b11c82 100644
--- a/tests/httpx2/test_decoders.py
+++ b/tests/httpx2/test_decoders.py
@@ -217,6 +217,12 @@ def test_multi_with_identity() -> None:
     assert response.content == body
 
 
+def test_multi_decode_links_limit() -> None:
+    headers = [(b"Content-Encoding", b", ".join([b"gzip"] * 6))]
+    with pytest.raises(httpx2.DecodingError, match="Cannot apply more than 5 content encodings"):
+        httpx2.Response(200, headers=headers, content=b"")
+
+
 @pytest.mark.anyio
 async def test_streaming() -> None:
     body = b"test 123"