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Update docs on batteries.
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@romainsacchi
romainsacchi committed Jul 14, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -16,32 +16,41 @@ to reflect progress in specific energy density (kWh/kg cell).
The table below shows the **current** specific energy density of
different battery technologies.

| Type | Specific energy density (current) [kWh/kg cell] | BoP mass share [%] | Battery energy density [kWh/kg battery] | kg battery/kWh | kg CO2-eq./kWh |
|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|
| Li-ion, NMC111 | 0.15 | 73% | 0.11 | 9.2 | 177 |
| Li-ion, NMC811 | 0.22 | 71% | 0.16 | 6.4 | 108 |
| Li-ion, NCA | 0.25 | 71% | 0.18 | 5.6 | 100 |
| Li-ion, LFP | 0.14 | 73% | 0.10 | 9.8 | 118 |
| Li-ion, LiMn2O4 | 0.13 | 80% | 0.10 | 9.6 | 92 |
| Li-ion, LTO | 0.09 | 64% | 0.06 | 18.8 | 450 |
| Li-sulfur, Li-S | 0.15 | 75% | 0.11 | 8.9 | 352 |
| Li-oxygen, Li-O2 | 0.31 | 64% | 0.20 | 5.1 | 125 |
| Sodium-ion, SiB | 0.16 | 75% | 0.12 | 8.5 | 72 |
====================== ==================================== ==================== ================== ================= ===================
Type Specific energy density (current) BoP mass share [%] Battery energy kg battery/kWh kg CO2-eq./kWh
[kWh/kg cell] density [kWh/kg
battery]
====================== ==================================== ==================== ================== ================= ===================
Li-ion, NMC111 0.15 73% 0.11 9.2 177
Li-ion, NMC811 0.22 71% 0.16 6.4 108
Li-ion, NCA 0.25 71% 0.18 5.6 100
Li-ion, LFP 0.14 73% 0.10 9.8 118
Li-ion, LiMn2O4 0.13 80% 0.10 9.6 92
Li-ion, LTO 0.09 64% 0.06 18.8 450
Li-sulfur, Li-S 0.15 75% 0.11 8.9 352
Li-oxygen, Li-O2 0.31 64% 0.20 5.1 125
Sodium-ion, SiB 0.16 75% 0.12 8.5 72
====================== ==================================== ==================== ================== ================= ===================

And the table below shows the **projected** (2050) specific energy density
of different battery technologies.

| Type | Specific energy density (2050) [kWh/kg cell] | BoP mass share [%] | Battery energy density [kWh/kg battery] | kg battery/kWh |
|----------------------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------|----------------|
| Li-ion, NMC111 | 0.2 | 73% | 0.15 | 6.9 |
| Li-ion, NMC811 | 0.5 | 71% | 0.36 | 2.8 |
| Li-ion, NCA | 0.35 | 71% | 0.25 | 4.0 |
| Li-ion, LFP | 0.25 | 73% | 0.18 | 5.5 |
| Li-ion, LiMn2O4 | 0.2 | 80% | 0.16 | 6.3 |
| Li-ion, LTO | 0.15 | 75% | 0.11 | 8.9 |
| Li-sulfur, Li-S | 0.5 | 75% | 0.38 | 2.7 |
| Li-oxygen, Li-O2 | 0.50 | 64% | 0.20 | 5.1 |
| Sodium-ion, SiB | 0.22 | 75% | 0.17 | 6.1 |
====================== ==================================== ==================== ================== ================
Type Specific energy density (2050) BoP mass share [%] Battery energy kg battery/kWh
[kWh/kg cell] density [kWh/kg
battery]
====================== ==================================== ==================== ================== ================
Li-ion, NMC111 0.2 73% 0.15 6.9
Li-ion, NMC811 0.5 71% 0.36 2.8
Li-ion, NCA 0.35 71% 0.25 4.0
Li-ion, LFP 0.25 73% 0.18 5.5
Li-ion, LiMn2O4 0.2 80% 0.16 6.3
Li-ion, LTO 0.15 75% 0.11 8.9
Li-sulfur, Li-S 0.5 75% 0.38 2.7
Li-oxygen, Li-O2 0.50 64% 0.20 5.1
Sodium-ion, SiB 0.22 75% 0.17 6.1
====================== ==================================== ==================== ================== ================


For example, in 2050, the mass of NMC811 batteries (cells and Balance of Plant) is expected to
be 0.5/0.22 = 2.3 times lower. The report of changes will show the new mass
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